2011届高考英语重点石成词汇及语法解析3
2011届高考英语第一轮语法考点石成复习15
备战2011届高考英语（通用版）一轮复习专题15 代词【考纲解读】高考对代词的考查主要是人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词和关系代词等。
设置特定的语境，对代词的数、性、格的变化进行考查仍然是高考的热点。
【知识要点】Ⅰ代词的分类1.人称代词：主格I, we, you, he, she, it, they宾格me, us, you, him, her, it, them2.物主代词：形容词性my, our, your, his, her, its, their名词性mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs3.反身代词：单数myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself复数ourselves, yourselves, themselves4.相互代词：each other (两者之间相互)；one another (两者以上的相互)5.指示代词：this, that, these, those6.疑问代词：who, whom, whose, which, what7.关系代词：who, whom, whose, that(指人),which, that, as, whose（指物）8.不定代词：all, each, either, neither, both, none, other, another, something, everything, nothing somebody, everybody, nobody someone, everyone, no one, many, much, few, less一、人称代词人称代词是表示“我”“你”“他”“她”“它”“我们”“你们”“他们”的词。
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：人称代词的用法1.人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补足语。
如：John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。
2011年高考英语完型填空重要词组总结
英语完型填空常用短语…(money) worth of sth. ……价值……(接数词)…has a population of………人口数量是………times as big as ……是……几倍大…times the size of ……是……几倍大a (great/large/small) number of 许多(接可数名词复数；谓语动词用复数) A (together) with B…A与B一样，……(谓语动词与A一致)A as well as B…A跟B一样，……(谓语动词与A一致)A besides B…除了B以外，A……(谓语动词与A一致)a bit of 一点(接不可数名词)a bit 一点(接形容词)a bunch of 一束、一捆a certain 某一个(接可数名词单数)a copy of 一份(报纸等)a couple of 几个、一些、三两个(接可数名词复数)a crowd of 一群、许多a developed country (一个)发达国家a developing country (一个)发展中国家a diet of healthy foods 一份营养食谱a fallen tree 一颗倒了的树a few moment later 一会儿、不久以后a few pieces of advice 几点建议a good/great deal of 大量(接不可数名词)a good/great many 大量(接可数名词复数)a great deal 许多东西a group of 一群……a highly-developed country 高度发达国家a kind of sth. 一类……a knife and fork 一副刀叉a knowledge of 某一学科的知识a lack of 缺乏a large quantity of 大量(接可数、不可数名词)a large/small/great amount of 一些(接不可数名词) A like B…像B一样，A……(谓语动词与A一致)a little bit 一点(接形容词)a little 一点(接形容词)a loaf of bread 一个面包a lost life in a desert 鸿沟a lot more interesting 更有趣a lot more 许多a lucky escape 幸运地逃脱a narrow escape 侥幸逃脱、九死一生a piece of advice 一条建议a place of interest 一处名胜a point of view 一种观点A rather thanB 与其B，不如Aa series of 一系列的a source of ……的一个来源a third ①三个中的一个②三分之一a total of 总计……(接数词)a type of 一种a variety of 一种a waste of money/time/…浪费(金钱、时间等)a year and a half 一年半above all 最重要的是，首先要according to 根据、依照achieve one's aim/goal 实现某人的目标achieve success 取得成功act a part ①扮演一个角色②假装act as if 假装(接从句，有虚拟语气)act the part of sb. 演……的角色add A to B 把A加到B上add to 增加到add up to 总计(无被动形式)address a/the letter 写信(的地址)address sth. to sb. 给某人讲……admit to 承认advise (that) sb. (should) do 建议某人应该做某事(虚拟语气)advise sb. to do 劝说某人去做afford sb. sth. 为某人承担……afford sth. to sb. 为某人承担……afford to do 能够去做after a time 一段时间后after a while 不久after all 毕竟；终究after that 从这以后(用一般现在时)agree on 在……达成共识agree that…同意……(接从句)agree to do 同意去做agree to one's plan/suggestion 采纳某人的计划(建议)agree with one's idea/opinion/analysis同意某人的看法(见解)agree with sb. ①(衣服等)适合某人②与……一致③同意、赞同agree with sb. on that point 在那方面同意某人的意见ahead of time 事先；提前aim at ①瞄准②追求、旨在All but A…除了A以外所有人(谓语动词与all一致，用复数)all kinds of 各种各样的all of a sudden 突然(单用)all over (Europe) 整个(欧洲)all sorts of 各种各样的all such 所有这些……(接名词用复数)all the same 仍然、依然all the way 全程all the year round 整年all through the(night/year/one's life) 整个……all…not…不都是……(部分否定)allow doing/sb. to do 允许(某人)做某事announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布……announce to sb. sth. 向某人宣布……answer for 为……负责任anyone who = whoever 任何人(引导主语从句)apart from 除……外还……appear to do 好像……apply for 申请apply one's minds to 专心于appreciate doing 感激做……as a matter of fact 实际上as a result of 由于……as if 似乎、好像(引导方式状语从句)as long as 只要(引导条件状语从句)as one body 像一个人一样- 1 -as soon as is necessary 如果可能的话尽快……as soon as 一……就……(引导时间状语从句)as though 似乎、好像as well as ①和……一样②与……一样好as well 也；一样ask (that) sb. (should) do 要求某人应该做某事(虚拟语气)ask for a leave 请假ask sb. for advice 取得某人的建议ask some questions of sb. 向某人提问(书面语)at a distance 有一些距离、在远处at a great depth 在很深处at a loss 不知所措、困惑不解at a low/high price 价格低(高)at a low/high speed 速度很慢/快地……at a mouthful 一口、满口at a safe speed 以安全速度行驶at a speed of 以……的速度行驶at a time 一次；有时、曾经at first blush 一瞥at full speed 全速前进at least 至少、最少at least…if not more 如果不是更多，至少也……at most 最多、至多at one time 曾经、以前at present 现在at that very moment 就在那个时候at the ball 在舞会上at the beginning of 在……的开始at the bottom of 在……的底部at the cost of 以……为代价at the crossing 在十字路口at the invitation of sb. 应某人邀请at the latest 最迟、最晚at the most 最多at the price of 以……为代价at the risk of 冒着……的危险at the same time 同时at the sight of 看见at the speed of 以……的速度at the thought of 当……想到at the top of the voice 用最高的声音attempt to do 尝试去做、企图去做attend to sth. 注意；对……关注attitude to/towards sth. 对……的态度attract one's attention 吸引某人注意力back and forth 来来往往地、(前后)来回地bark at (狗)向……叫be (good) value for money ……值钱be able to do 能够……、有能力……be about to do when 就要做某事时，突然……be about to do 准备做……(不接时间状语，表示将来)be absent from 不在、缺席be absorbed in 沉迷于……、迷恋于……be active in 在……活跃be admitted into universities 被大学录取be afraid of doing 担心某事会发生be afraid of sth./sb. 害怕某人(物)be afraid that…恐怕……be afraid to do 不敢去做be after sth./sb. 找……be along with 和……一起be an expert on/in/at sth. 在……是专家be angry at sth. 对某事感到生气be angry with sb./sth. 对某人(物)感到生气be anxious about 为……感到焦虑be anxious for sth. 急切地要……be anxious to do 急切去做……be ashamed of 感到羞耻、惭愧be at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早/午/晚饭be at the same level 在同一水平上be aware of sth. 知道be away from 离……远be based on 以……为基础、以……为根据be better off 境况好be blind in one eye 一只眼睛失明、独眼龙be blind to 对……视而不见be busy doing 忙着……be busy with 忙着……be careful 小心be caught in 被困住be concerned about 关心be connected with ……与……有联系be content to do 甘愿做某事、愿意做某事be content with 对……满足be crowded with 挤满了be dangerous ……(对……)构成威胁、是危险的be deaf to 对……听而不闻、充耳不闻be disappointed in sth. 对某事(物)失望be disappointed with sb./sth. 对……失望be doing when 正要做某事时，突然……be doing 表达某种语气、感情，如喜爱、赞美、厌恶、痛恨、批判等be done away with 结束、结果be dressed in 穿……be due to do 预计……会怎样be due to sth. 由于、应归于be dying for 渴望be dying to do 急切去做……be eager to do 盼望去做……be engaged in 忙于、致力于be engaged to 与……订婚be equal to 与……相等be expert in/at doing 擅长于……be famous as 作为……而出名be famous for 因为……而出名be famous to sb. 在……中出名be favourable to 有助于、有利于be fit for sth. 适合……be fond of 爱好……be friendly/kind/polite to sb. 对某人友好be going to do 即将做……be gone ……不见了be good on sb. 对某人好be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻、为难某人be harmful to 对……有害- 2 -be honoured for sth. ……因为……受尊敬be in (the) majority 占大多数，处于多数be in business 营业be in danger 处于危险之中be in darkness 在黑暗之中(无光，用于指状态)be in disorder 没有秩序、乱be in earnest 急迫、急切be in good order 有秩序、整洁be in great need 最需要be in hospital 住院be in low/high spirits 情绪低落/高昂be in poor health 身体不好be in/under one's charge 受某人管be in/under the charge of sb. 受某人管be introduced into ……被引进be joined to 与……连接be keen on 喜欢be kind for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事(对人)有好处be kind of sb. 某人好be known for 因为……而出名be known to sb. 在……中出名be lacking in 缺乏be longing for 盼望去做……be longing to do 盼望去做……be lost ……不见了be lost in sight 看不见be lost in thought 陷入沉思be made from 由……(加工)制成be made into 制成、加工成be made of 由……(直接)制成be made up of ……由……组成be marked with 被标上be measured in 以……来衡量be missing ……不见了be mixed with sth. 用……混合be not in agreement ……是不同的be nothing more than 只不过是be of differentsizes/colours/weights/ages/shapes 尺寸/颜色/重量/年龄/形状不同be of great/no help/value/importance/use to sb. 对某人(没)有很大(帮助等)be of the same kind 同一类be of the samesize/colour/weight/age/shape尺寸/颜色/重量/年龄/形状相同be of this kind 属于这一类be off 离开be on a visit from sp. 从某地来访问be on a visit to sp. 正游览、参观某地be on business 因公(办事等)be on diet 节食be on duty 值日、上班be on fire 着火be on holiday/vacation 在度假be on sale 待售、拍卖be on show 展览；上映be on strike 罢工be on the march 正在游行、正在行军be out of fashion 过时、不流行be out of order 没有秩序、乱be out of reach ①够不着②无能为力be out of work 失业be popular among sb. 在……中流行be popular with sb. 在……中流行be prepared for 为……作准备(接抽象事物)be present at (the meeting) 参加(会议)be proud of 以……自豪be put to a new use 被用在了新的用途上be ready for 准备好做……be ready to do 准备好做……be recognised as 被认作是be reduced by 降低了……(接数字、百分数)be related to 与……有联系be responsble for 为……负责任be rich in 在……丰富be satisfied with 对……满意be senior to 比……大be set in 以……为背景be short of 缺少be shown into sp. 被带到某地be spun into thread 被纺成线be strict in sth. 对某事严格要求be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求be successful in doing sth. 做……成功be suitable for 适合Be sure(certain) to do…确信做某事(祈使句)be tired from sth./doing (身体上)劳累、疲劳be tired of sth./doing 厌倦……be tired out 筋疲力尽be to blame (应该)受责备be to do 准备做……be trapped by (the fire) 被(火)围困be treated as 把……当作……对待be under construction 建设中be unwilling to do 不愿去做be up to ①高达、达到②达到境界、进入角色③从事、忙于be well received 接受效果好、广泛接受be willing to do 盼望去做……be worried about 为……担心be worth doing 值得……be worth sth. 值多少be worthy of 值得be/become known as 作为……而出名be/become widely accepted 被广泛的接受beat sb. black and blue 把某人打得鼻青脸肿beat sb. on the head 碰某人的头beat sb. to death 打死某人beat sth. flat 把……压平become a success 成功become separated 分开before all 尤其、特别before long 没过多久(常用于将来时、一般过去时)begin with 以……开始believe in ①信赖、信任②信奉、信仰belong to sb. 属于benefit from 从……获取利益、好处beyond reach 够不着；找不到、消失beyond that 除了那个以外beyond the sea 在海外black out 昏迷、神志不清；停止、中断black tea 红茶- 3 -blood bank 血站、血库blow away 吹走both of sb. 两个人都……both…not…不都是……(部分否定) break away from 脱离break down (1)分解；破裂(2)(汽车)抛锚break in 打断……的话break into pieces 打(破)成碎片break off 折断、中断、罢工break one's promise/words 破坏某人的诺言、食言break out 分裂、爆发break the record 打破纪录break the rules 违反规则break up 分解bring about 带来、造成bring down 使……下降bring in 引进bring on 引起、导致bring sth. to one's notice 使某人注意……bring up 抚育、养育build up 建立burn down 烧毁burn sth. to the ground 把……烧毁burn up 消耗burst in 闯进、闯入burst into flames 突然着火burst into tears/laughter 突然放声大哭/笑burst out doing 爆发；突然business sense 商业理念by and by 不久以后、很快的by chance 偶然by degrees 逐渐地by far 至今为止by means of 通过……的办法by occasionally 偶然的by ones and twos 三三两两地、零零落落地by oneself 独自地、独立地、单独地by the end 在……以前by the hour/day/week/minute/month/year 按小时/日/周/分/月/年算by the kilogramme/ton 按公斤/吨算by the time 一段时间前(引导时间状语从句)by the way 顺便说一下by this means 用这种方法by weight/length/volume 按重量/长度/容量算call a taxi 打的call at sp. 拜访某地call for ①要求②邀请call in sb. 派人去请call on sb. to do…号召某人做某事call on sb. 拜访某人call one's attention to sth. 让某人引起对……的注意call to mind 想起call up sb. ①使……想起②给……打电话calm down 镇定下来can't help doing 情不自禁地……can't resist doing 不能抗拒做……carry about 携带、随身带carry away 冲垮；拿走carry forward 发展、发扬carry off 抢走、夺走carry on 进行、继续carry out one's promise 遵守某人的诺言carry out 实行carry with 进行、继续catch a cold 感冒catch fire 着火catch in 被……困住、绊住catch one's attention 吸引了……的注意catch sight of 看到……caught by the…抓到某人的……(身体部位)cause sb. to be in such a state 导致某人到这样的地步change A for B 用B替换Achange into 变成clear away 收拾走、清除clear out 把……请出去clear up ①天晴②解决climb over 翻越close to 靠近某地come about 发生come across 偶然遇见come along 进展、进行come at 袭击、向……打击come away 脱离、掉下come back ①回来②醒过来come down 下降come forth 向前come into being 形成、产生、存在(无被动)come into effect 生效、启用come off 脱离、掉下come on ①加油②进展come out ①产生、出现②被知道③出版、发行④结局、结果come right 直接come round 转身come to ①把注意力转向……②到来come to an end 消亡、灭亡、分裂come to one's notice 引起某人的注意come to oneself 苏醒、恢复知觉come to power 掌权come true 成为现实come up ①上升②发生③产生④(问题、话题、议题)被提出(无被动)come up to 过来come upon 偶然遇见command (that) sb. (should) do 命令某人应该做某事(虚拟语气)compare A to B 把A比作Bcompare A with B 把A与B作比较compare notes 交换意见compared with/to A, B…与A相比，B……(B不用比较级)congratulate sb./sth. (on sth.) 祝贺……(取得……的成绩)congratulations on sth. ……的祝贺connect A to B 连接A与B(单方面)connect A with B 连接A与B(两方面)consider sb. to have done 认为某人做了某事consider sb./sth. to be/as 把……看作- 4 -consider sth./doing 考虑(做)……consist of 由……组成content oneself with sth. 对……满意continue doing 一直做(同一件事) continue to do 继续做(下一件事) continue with sth. 继续做某事contribute sth. to sth. 为……贡献……convert sth. into sth. 把……转变成……could have done 本来能做成的(却没做成)(虚拟语气)couldn't have done 本来做不成的(却做成了)(虚拟语气)count on/upon 指望、依靠count sth. at 当作cover sth./sb. with sth. 用……盖住……cover the events 报道事件cross out 除去、勾销crowd off 挤出cry out 喊出去cure sb. of 治好某人的(病)cut away 切下；逃跑cut down 砍倒；缩减cut off 切断cut one's hair short 把……头发剪短cut out 切下；删除cut sth. in half 把……切成两半cut sth. into halves 把……切成两半cut sth. into two parts 把……切成两半cut up 割开；切碎daily goods 日用品dance around 到处跳dance to the music 伴着音乐跳舞dare to do 敢于……date back to 起源于、追溯到date from 起源于、追溯到day after day 日复一日day and night 一天到晚day by day 逐日deal in 经营deal with 处理、对待declare sb./sth. to be adj./n. 宣称……是……(接形容词或名词) deep into the night 熬夜delay doing/sth. 推迟……demand (that) sb. (should) do 要求某人应该做某事(虚拟语气)demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要求……demand to do 要求去做depend on/upon 取决于、依赖于、依靠describe sth. to sb. 将……描述给(讲给)……despise of sb. 看不起determine sb. to do 使某人下决心做某事determine to do 下决心做某事develop a habit 养成习惯develop an interest in sth. 表现出对……的兴趣develop films 制作电影devote sth./oneself to sth./doing把……奉献给……die away (气味、声音、光线)逐渐消失、变弱die down 平息、变弱、逐渐消失die from polluted air/over work/anaccident/… 因为(空气污染、过度劳累、事故等)而死die of grief/cold/hungry/old age/…因为(悲伤、寒冷、饥饿、年老等)而死die out 灭绝；死光、死绝dig out 挖出direct sb. to do 指导、要求某人去做direct that sb. should do 命令某人去做discourage sb. from sth./doing 阻碍某人做某事dislike doing/sb./sth. 不喜欢……dive off 从……跳水divide sth. by sth. ……除以……divide sth. into 将……分成do a good deed 做好事do away with 废除do damage to 损害do good/harm to sb./sth. 对……有好处(坏处)do not give in an inch 一寸不让do research on/in/about/into sth. 研究……do sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙do sb. good/harm 对某人有好处(坏处)do sb. the favour to do/of doing 帮某人忙做……do sth. alone 自己、靠自己do sth. at the right time 在合适的时候做某事do sth. by hand 手工制作(常用被动)do sth. by turns 轮流做……、依次做……do sth. deep/far into the night 熬夜do sth. for fun 做……为了取乐do sth. in good faith 诚实地……do sth. on purpose 有目的地做do up ①系上、扣上②收拾整理do with 处理double one's output 使(产量等)成倍增长draw a deep breath 深呼吸draw conclusions 下结论draw in ①(车)进站②引诱draw one's attention 吸引某人注意力draw quick interest 获得快捷利润draw up 草拟、拟定dream of sth./doing 梦想drink to 为……干杯drive sb. to tears 使某人哭drop in at sp. 拜访某地drop in on sb. 拜访某人eager for 渴望early bird 早起者、早到者earn one's living 谋生easy-going 随和、平易近人eat one's words 收回某人(说过)的话eat up 吃光either A or B 是A或者是B(谓语动词就近一致)encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做……end up with 以……结束enter for 报名参加escape being done 逃避被……escape doing sth. 逃避做……escape from sp. 从……逃离- 5 -ever lasting 永不停止的、永远的every one of sb./sth. ……中的每一个every other…每两个……every two…每两个……except for 除了(用于两种不同的事物)expect sb. to do 期望某人……expect sth. to be done 期望某事被……expect to be/do 期望会……explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释……explain to sb. sth. 向某人解释……export to 向……出口face to face 面对面(作状语)face-to-face 面对面的(作定语)fail to do 失败、未做成fall asleep 睡着了fall behind 落后fall ill 生病fall in love with sb. 爱上某人fall off 掉下fall to pieces 消亡、灭亡、分裂、崩溃far and near 远近、到处、四面八方far and wide 广泛地far more interesting 更有趣far more 许多fast asleep 熟睡feed on sth. 以……为食feed sb./sth. with/on sth. 用……喂养feed sth. to sb./sth. 把……喂养给……feel alone 感到孤单feel like doing…/sth. 喜爱(做)……feel lonely 感到孤单feel one's way 摸索着前进feel out 探索某人的意图feel sb. on the head 摸某人的头feel terrible 感觉不舒服feel well 感觉舒服few such mistakes 这么少的错误fight against 与……作斗争、与……交战fight back 回击fight for sth. 为了……而斗争figure on 指望、计划、打算figure out ①解决②计算出来、合计出fill with 充满find out 找出、查明find sb./sth. do 发现……做过……find sb./sth. doing 发现……正在……find sb./sth. done 发现……被……finish off 结束、完成fire at 向……开火fire escape 火灾安全出口fire out ①消沉、一蹶不振②开除、解雇fire up 火冒三丈、发火first aid 急救first of all 首先fit club 健身俱乐部fix a time/date for sth./doing 确定……的日期fix a time/date to do 确定日期做某事fix A to B 把A固定在B上fix one's attention on sth. 把某人的注意力集中到……上fix one's eyes on sth. 目不转睛、凝视、把注意力集中在……上fix sb. sth. 为……准备……fix sth. for sb. 为……准备……float off 漂浮fly over (从上面)飞越fold up 折叠起来follow one's advice on 听从……的建议follow the rules 遵守规则fool about/around 游手好闲、闲荡fool sb. into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事for (political) reasons 由于(政治)原因for a while 一段时间for ages 很久for example 例如for fear that 担心for free 免费的for God's sake 看在上帝的面上for good 永久地、一劳永逸地for instance 例如for one thing 首先for one's sake 为……起见for oneself 为了自己for sale 准备出售for the first time 第一次for the sake of 为……起见forbid sb. to do 禁止某人做某事force oneself to one's feet 挣扎着站起来force sb. to do 强迫某人做……foreign affairs 外交事务、外事、外务form a habit 养成习惯frankly speaking 坦白地说free from 没有、免除from a great distance 远距离from cover to cover 从头到尾from door to door 一家挨着一家from side to side 左右摇摆from that time on 从那时起from the beginning 从一开始from time to time 时常、经常gain in 获得generally speaking 一般来说get across 通过、越过、穿过get along (well) with ①与某人相处(得好)②进展(顺利)get broken 弄坏了get burnt 烧着了get caught in 遇到get changed 换衣服get close to sth./sb. 与……接近get down to sth./doing 开始去做……get good from sth. 从……中得到好处get hold of 把握住；抓住get hurt 受伤了get in touch with 与……取得联系get in 进入get into ①坐进(轿车、出租车等) ②陷入(某种状态)之中get into the habit of 养成……的习惯get it settled 确定get married 结婚(强调动作)get off ①下车②脱下get on (well) with sb./sth. 与某人(事、物)相处(得好)get on the right track 走上正轨get over 恢复、克服get paid ……被付钱、得钱、挣钱get ready for sth. 准备好……- 6 -get rid of 去除get sb. to do/doing/done 让某人……get separated 分开get sth. on ……有某事get sth. ready for 为……作准备get through ①接通(电话) ②通过(考试) ③完成(工作、任务) ④通过(议案、计划) ⑤消息传到……get tired of sth./doing 感到厌倦get to know sb. (刚刚)认识某人get to 够得着get together 聚会get up to one's feet 站起来get word 得到消息get worse 越来越坏了give a birth to a baby 生小孩give a hand 帮助give a promise 许下诺言give A sth. for B 把为B准备的……给Agive a talk 做报告；做演讲give a thought to sb./sth. 想象、思考give an order for sth. 订购……give away 把……送出去give back 送回去、拿回去give birth to 生产、生育give in 屈服、投降、让步(不及物) give off 散发、发出(气味、光线、声音)give one's love/wishes/regards to sb. 给某人的(问候等)give out ①发出(气味、光线、声音) ②用尽③精疲力尽give over 交托、停止、放弃give sb. a lift 搭车give sb. a message 给(收信人)留/传个信give sb. advice on sth./how to do 给某人……的建议give sb. sth. 把……给某人give sth. away 把……送出去give up sth./doing 放弃give way to 让位给……go aboard a plane/ship 登飞机/船go abroad 出国go after 追逐、追求go against 违背Go ahead. (口语)鼓励某人做某事、去做吧go all the way back to the time of 起源于go bad 变坏go by 经过go down 下降、减弱go in for 从事、投身于go mad about sth./doing 痴迷于……，为……疯狂go missing 不见、丢失go off ①离去②变质go off duty 下班go on a trip on sp. 游览、参观某地go on board 登(船、飞机)go out 出去；(灯火)熄灭go over to 到……去go over 温习、复习；检查go through ①穿过②仔细察看③经历go to sp. for a holiday 到……度假go up to 上到……上go up 上升、增强go with ①和……一起去②(颜色、款式等)搭配Good luck with your trip. 祝你一路顺风。
2011年高考山东卷英语试题答案及分析（详细版）
2011年高考山东卷英语试题答案及分析（详细版）选材新颖贴近生活重点突出稳中有变—— 2011 年高考山东卷英语试题分析2011 年高考山东卷英语试题继承了前几年的优点，难度稳定，材料丰富新颖，题目不偏不怪，给高中英语教学以良好的导向。
同时，试题也有一些微妙的变化。
具体说来，今年的英语试题主要有以下几个特点：一、材料新颖，文章话题多样，语言地道，贴近生活这一点主要体现在完形填空、阅读理解和阅读表达的选材上。
今年的英语试题共选用了六篇阅读材料，文章体裁题材多样，话题新颖，分别涉及听音乐会的经历、阿瑟·米勒及其代表作、退休教师夫妇热心公益事业、大学学费上涨、手机短信上瘾等内容。
六篇文章的语言特色鲜明，原汁原味，文中很多句子含意深刻，耐人寻味。
同时，文章的主题贴近生活，为考生所熟悉，尤其是阅读表达题，文章提出了手机短信上瘾的原因、症状以及解决办法。
在人们越来越依赖手机的当今社会，此文在考查考生语言水平的同时，对考生也有一定的教育意义。
二、注重基础，重点突出今年的英语试题依然注重对基础知识的考查，这一点在单项选择题上表现尤为明显。
该部分涉及的知识点，如定语从句、名词性从句、时态、非谓语动词、冠词、代词等，都是中学生应该掌握的基础语言知识。
试题的难度适中，考点不偏不怪，这对中学英语教学有着良好的导向作用。
在注重考查基础知识的同时，单项选择题还突出了英语学习中的重点，这与往年有所不同。
前几年的试题更多地注重知识点的覆盖面，常见的知识点一般都会涉及。
今年试题并没有在各考点上均衡用力，而是加大了对重要知识点如名词性从句、时态等的考查力度；对于词汇的考查则由往年的三、四个题目减少到两个。
鉴于对词汇知识的考查主要由完形填空题来承担，将单项选择题有限的分数集中用于对主要语法点的考查，有利于突出考查重点，明确各题型的考查目标。
三、阅读量控制合理，超纲词处理得当试题的长度直接关系到试题的难度和区分度，也会影响到考试的信度和效度，因此保持相对合理稳定的阅读量对于保证试题的质量至关重要。
2011年高考英语语法专题复习
语法专题专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。
下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1. 冠词的位置2.不定冠词3. 定冠词4. 零冠词5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。
1. in front of 在……（外）的前面; in the front of 在……（内）的前面There’s a garden in front of the classroom.There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下An experienced worker is in charge of the project.The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁He seldom talks at table.They sat at the table, talking and laughing.4. by day 白天；日间; by the day 按日计He works in an office by day.Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.5. take place 发生；举行; take the place 代替；接替When did this conversation take place?Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England.6. in words 用言语; in a word 总之Please express your thought in words.In a word, I don’t trust you.7. at times 有时；不时; at a time 一次I do feel a little nervous at times.Pass me the bricks two at a time.8. little 少；不多的; a little 一些；一点点Hurry up, there’s little time left.Don’t hurry, you still have a little time.9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个He is a man of few words.Only a few of the children can read.10.a most interesting 非常有趣的; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）This is a most interesting story.This is the most interesting story of the three.11.a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士A doctor and nurse is standing there.A doctor and a nurse are standing there.12.A number of 许多；好些; the number of …（的）数目A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty.II、实战演练（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”.1.---Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?---Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in the film we saw yesterday?3. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard.--- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer.4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was _______ most important one.5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _________ spread of AIDS.6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellent footballer.11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ sec ond try.12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.22In case of fire please press _______ red button.23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.30 Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.第3 页共61 页（二）语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.The king chose 10 second picture.答案：I 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the 6 the; a 7 an 8 the 9 a; / 10 /; an 11 a12 the 13 the 14 the 15 the 16 a; a 17 an 18 The 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23 a 24 The 25the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31 an 32 anII 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the 9 a 10. the专题二名词I、重点难点解析名词的高考命题导向名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。
2011届高考英语重点石成词汇及语法解析5
2011届高考英语重点石成词汇及语法解析 5人教新标必修五unit1重难点解析一、重点单词用法精解1 harateristi n 特征，特性The hief harateristi f huan being is that the an thin 人类主要的特征是他们会思考。
2 expse vt 暴露，揭发，曝光（摄影）Dn’t expse the bab t the burning sun 切勿将小孩曝晒。
中的t为介词。
注：expse sb/sth t…3 defeat vt ≈ n 击败；战胜；The ar defeated the ene in the end 军队最终战胜了敌军。
T suffered the defeat in the English exainatin 汤姆英语考试失败了。
辨析：in的宾语是gae, prize等物（不是人）；beat和defeat的宾重击”。
语是人；hit“打一下”；beat“（连续地）打”；strie “4 ure vt ≈ n 治愈，治疗法There is n nn ure fr AIDS 还无治疗艾滋病之法。
It is pssible t ure the siness 治愈这种疾病还是可能的。
治疗”，强调动作过程；说ure 辨析：ure“治愈”，强调结果；treat“sb f sth 但说treat sb fr sthblae vt 责备，归咎The teaher blaed e fr being late fr shl again 老师因我又迟到批评了我。
注：blae sb fr sth=blae sth n sb6 baard ad ≈ adv 向后e turn baard(s) then rightard(s) 我们向后转然后向右转。
搭配：a baard turn 向后转7 nlude vt ≈ vi 结束，总结The teaher nluded the lass b ne sentene 老师以一句话总结了这节。
2011英语高考试题高频词汇
★2011各地英语高考试题高频词汇★◆break out 爆发break down 出故障，抛锚break away from 突然挣脱，逃脱break into 强行闯入break off 中断，断开break through 克服，战胜，突破break up 拆开，打散break in 打断，搅扰，训练某人某物◆bring up 养育，提出，呕吐bring out 出版，生产，使显现，阐明bring about 导致，引起bringin 提出，引入，挣得，宣布bring back 归还，使回忆起，重新使用bring down 击落，打倒，降低，减少bring forth 生产，产出bring forward 将---提前，提议bring off 完成，做完bring on 促使提高，使发展bring through 使脱离险境，使渡过难关bring to 使苏醒◆burn down 火势减弱，焚毁burn out 燃尽，熄灭burn up 被烧毁，发烧burn---to the ground把---烧成平地◆call at 访问某地call back 回电话call for 要求，需要call in 召来call on 邀请，请求callup 使回忆起，使想起call off 取消，停止进行◆come across 被理解，偶遇come down to 可归结为come out 出现，开花，出版，发表，上演，说出come to 恢复常态，共计，达到come up 破土而出，升起，发生，被提及come up with 找到答案，想出主意come over 顺便来访come at 扑向某人，考虑come in 流行，到达，卷入come about 发生come through 传来，康复，实现诺言come along 出现，抵达，进步，进展come after 追赶，追逐come back 回来，恢复记忆，回想起◆cut in 插嘴，马达或发动机发动cut off 阻碍，打断，停止cut out 停止运转，删去，裁剪，打住cut up切碎，打伤，使伤心cut down 削减，缩小，砍倒，杀死cut across 抄近路穿过，影响◆get through 用完，顺利通过，打通，完成get along with 与---和睦相处，关系良好，活下来，进步get on 进展，获得成功get to 到达，使烦恼get off 出发，下班，逃脱惩罚get into 对---产生兴趣，开始从事某职业，参与get up 起来，起床get in 收集，收割，到达，购买get out 离开某地，泄露，逃避get about/around 传播，流传get down 咽下，写下get at 了解，够得着某物get back 回去，找回◆give up 停止，放弃give away 赠送，泄露give off 发出，放出give out 分发，用完，耗尽give over 住手，致力于give back 归还，送回，使恢复give in 认输，投降，屈服，交上，呈上，让步◆go up 上升，上涨，被兴建go down 下降，沉没go into 猛烈地撞上某物，加入组织，投入某事go back 回忆起，回溯go with 与某物相配，附属于go out 退潮，熄灭，出局，公布go off 爆炸，开火，突然发出巨响，中断go over 仔细检查，反复研究go away 离开，消失go after 追赶某人go on 继续下去，流逝go at 攻击某人，拼命干go through 检查某事物，仔细琢磨，经历，通过go around 旋转，流传go by 逝去，遵循某事物go without 没有---也行go for 被---所吸引，袭击某人，适用于某人go against 对某人不利，与---相悖go ahead 进行，先走go about 继续做某事，着手做某事◆hold on 别挂断，停住，坚持住hold back 阻挡，隐瞒hold up 支持住，支撑，延迟hold out 伸出手，维持，幸存hold off 推迟，延迟，克服◆in place 在正确位置，准备就绪in sight 看得见，在望，在即in effect 实际上，在实施中in vain 徒劳无益，白费力气in order 有效地，准备好，妥当in turn 依次，轮流，相应地in return 作为回报，作为回应in need 需要in preparation 准备in common 共有in advance 提前，预先in short 简言之in doubt 不确定，拿不准in case 以防万一◆keep on 继续keep out 不进入，避免某事keep back 保持距离，抑制感情keepfrom 阻止某人干某事◆look at 查看，思考，研究look up 好转，看望look after 照顾look out 留神，当心look through 浏览look around 环视，环顾，搜寻，浏览look into 调查，审查look down 俯视，（on）看不起look over 查看，检查look back 回头看，（on）回顾，回忆◆make up 构成，化妆make out 理解，明白make no sense 没有意义make up for弥补make the best of 充分利用make ends meet 使收支相抵◆out of sight 看不见，在视野之外out of reach 够不着，达不到out of order 有毛病，出故障out of place 位置不当，不得体，不恰当out of control 失去控制，无法管理out of mind 忘却，不想◆pull through 康复，痊愈，完成，做成（十分困难的事）pull away 开动pull on 穿戴pull off 做成，完成，扯下，撕去pull over 驶向路边pull up 停车，停止，训斥pull back 撤退，退出◆take in 收留，吸入，包括，领会，欺骗take up 开始做，继续，占用，占据takeout 带某人出去，杀死，毁灭，领到take off 脱下，起飞，突然成功，取消take after 像，追赶，跟踪take over 占上风，接收，接管，控制take on 呈现，决定做，承担责任take down 拆除，拉低，写下take to 开始喜欢，养成---习惯take away 解除，买外卖食物，减弱take back 收回，撤回，与---重归于好◆turn on 接通，打开turn off 关掉，不再听或想，使---失去兴趣turn in 交还，上交，上床睡觉，取得，完成turn back 使往回走turn down 关小，把---调低，拒绝turn over 翻转，仔细考虑，移交，发动，变换turn away 把某人拒之门外，不准某人进入turn to 求助◆put back 将---放回，推迟，拖延answer back 顶嘴，还口set back 使延误，使推迟◆hang up 挂断，悬挂，挂起bring up 养育，提出build up 建立，增多，使更加强壮send up 发射取笑set up 创立，建立，安装好put up 张贴，提高，投宿，提出◆run out 用尽，耗光use up 用尽，吃光◆more than 超过，多于，不仅仅other than 除了rather than 而不是less than 不到，少于◆at a time 每次，一次at one time 曾经，一度for some time 一段时间for the time在当时at times 有时，间或for the time being 眼下，暂时in no time 立即，马上at all times 随时，总是behind the times 过时，落伍记叙文1.描述事件发生的时间、地点：this story happened in---(地点)on/in---(时间)；one day,once upon a time, long long ago, the other day, it was in ---(地点)that the story happened, it was on/in---(时间)that2.举例说明：for example, such as A,B,C and so on; a good case in point is--- A particularexample for this is---3.说明故事主体：this story is not rare--- such dilemma we often meet in daily life--- thestory still has a realistic significance.4.提出假设的方式：suppose that--- Just imagine what would be like if--- it is reasonable toexpect--- It is not surprising that---5.描述人的情感：be/feel delighted(happy, sad, upset, nervous, disappointed, surprised,frustrated, satisfied); to one’s delight(joy, surprise, sadness, sorrow, disappointment);what made sb. Surprised/upset/sad/angry is that---1.引用论证：one of the great early writers said, ”Knowledge is power.” Such is the remarkof--- that’s how sb. Comment/criticize/praise--- how often we hear such words.2.陈述原因：（1）nowadays, there are more and more--- in some big cities. (2) it isestimated that--- (3) maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is that--- besides--- the third reason is--- (4) to sum up, the main cause of --- is due to--- (5) it is high time that sth. were done upon it. For one thing--- for another thing--- all these measures will certainly reduce the number of---3.前后连贯：in recent years---has caused a heated debate on--- the factors for--- are quitedifferent. First of all--- then, there comes a cause that--- moreover--- especially when--- indeed, these unique points can be collected to remind people that--- in this way, we should behave just like---4.承上启下：to understand the truth of--- it is also important to see--- a study of---willmake this point clear.5.前后对比：the advantages of A outweigh the disadvantages of B. although A enjoys adistinct advantage--- indeed, A carries much weight than B when sth. is concerned.6.结尾：（1）finally, at last, in summary, in brief, to sum up, in conclusion (2) from what hasbeen discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that--- in summary, it is wiser--- in short---学生作文扣分原因，希引起重视： 1. 与内容无关。
2011年高考词汇解析
Aability n. 能力，才能able a.能够，有能力的be able to do sth.about ad./prep.大约，关于，到处above prep.a./ad.在上面abroad ad.到国外，在国外absence n.缺席，不在absent a.缺席的，不在的absorb vt. 吸收，合并abstract a. 抽象的academic a. 学术的accept vt. 接受access n. 通路,（使用或见到的）机会，权利accident n. 事故，意外的事account n. 账目，描述accurate a. 精确的accuse vt. 控告across prep. 横过，穿过act n. 法令，条例v.（戏）表演，扮演（角色），演出（戏）；行动，做事actor n. 男演员actress n. 女演员actual a. 实际的，现实的add vt.添加，增加admit vt. 承认，准许（入学，入会，入场）adopt vt. 收养，采用affect vt. 影响afraid a. 害怕的；担心的be afraid (of ) 害怕，担心Africa n. 非洲African a.非洲的，非洲人的n. 非洲人after ad. 在后，后来prep.在…之后；在…后面conj.在…以后afternoon n. 下午again ad. 再一次；再；又again and again 反复地，再三地once again 再一次；又against prep. 对着，反对age n. 年龄，时代at the age of 几岁时ago ad. 以前agree vi.同意，应允vt. agree that-从句同意agree to do sth. 同意做某事agree with sb. 同意某人的看法ahead ad. 在前，向前air n. 空气，大气by air 乘飞机airport n. 飞机场alarm n. 警报alcohol n. 酒精，酒all ad.全部地a. 所有的；总；整pron. 全部；全体人员all over 到处；遍及，结束in all 总共，总计，总之not at all 一点也不，绝非album n. 相册，影集allow vt. 允许，准许almost ad. 几乎，差不多along ad. 向前；和…一起；一同prep.沿着，顺着aloud ad. 大声地already ad. 已经also ad. 也ambition n. 目标；抱负；野心America n. 美国；美洲American a. 美国的；美国人的n. 美国人among prep. 在…中间；在（三个以上）之间amount n. 数量；金额amuse vt. (使人)快乐；逗乐ancestor n. 祖宗；祖先and conj. 和；又；而angle n. 角；角度；观点angry a. 生气的，愤怒的be angry with sb. 生某人的气animal n. 动物annoy vt.（使）烦恼another a. 再一；别的；不同的pron. 另一个one after another 一个接一个地；陆续地anniversary n. 周年纪念日answer n. 回答，答复；回信；答案v. 回答，答复；回信；(作出)答案anxious a. 忧虑的，焦急的any pron.（无论）哪一个；哪些a. 任何的；（用于疑问句、否定句）一些；什么anything pron. 什么事（物）；任何事（物）*anyway ad. 不管怎样anywhere ad. 任何地方apart ad.（空间或时间）相隔；分离apart from 除了，除去apartment n. （美）楼中单元房；房间appear vi. 出现appearance n. 出现，露面；容貌apple n. 苹果approach v. 接近，靠近April n. 四月architecture n. 建筑学area n. 面积；地域；范围argue vi. 争辩，争论arm n. 臂，支架v. 以…装备，武装起来(pl)n.（美）武器，武力arrest vt. 逮捕take sth. in one’s arms怀抱着army n. 军队around ad. 在周围；在附近prep. 在…周围；大约arrive vi. 到达；达到arrive at/in a place 到达某地art n. 艺术，美术；技艺not as/so… as不如，不像as if /though 似乎，好像Asia n. 亚洲Asian a. 亚洲的；亚洲人的n. 亚洲人aside ad. 在旁边ask v. 问，询问；请求；邀请ask for sth 索要，ask sb. for sth. 向…某人索要asleep a. 睡着的，熟睡aspect n. 方面，外观assistant n. 助手，助理assume v. 假定at prep. 在（几点钟）；在（某处）athlete n. 运动员attach vt. 把…固定；认为…有重要性pay attention to 注意attract v.吸引，引起August n. 八月autumn n. 秋天；秋季awake a. 醒着的v. 唤醒award n. 奖品，奖励away ad. 离开；远离Bback ad. 回（原处）；向后a. 后面的n. 背后，后部；背bad a.坏的；有害的；严重的；不利的badly ad. 坏，恶劣地badminton n. 羽毛球bag n. 书包；提包；袋子baggag n. 行李balance n. 平衡ball n. 球；舞会banana n.香蕉band n. 乐队，带子；一伙人bank n.岸，堤；银行bare a. 赤裸的basis n.基础，主要原则bath n. 洗澡；浴室；澡盆bathroom n.浴室battery n. 电池battle n.战斗；战役be( am, are, is , was, were, being, been ) v.是bear v. 承受，负担；忍受；容忍n.熊beard n.（下巴上的）胡须beautiful a. 美丽的because conj. 因为because of 因为become v. 变得；成为( became, become )bed n. 床go to bed 上床睡觉make the bed 铺床bedroom n. 卧室beer n.啤酒before prep. 在…以前；在…前面ad. 以前conj.在…之前beginning n. 开始，开端at the beginning of 在…初believe v. 相信，认为bell n.钟，铃，铃声belly n.肚子below prep. 在…下面bench n.长凳；工作台bend vt.使弯曲best a & ad. 最好的（地），最n. 最好的人（物）do one’s best尽力all the best 祝一切顺利，万事如意better a. & ad. 较好的；更好地；更n. 较好的事物；较优者v. 改善；胜过had better 最好做between prep.在（两者）之间;在…中间bicycle/bike n.自行车big a. 大的bill n.账单；法案；（美）钞票bird n. 鸟birthday n. 生日birthplace n. 出生地；故乡bit n.一点，一些，少量的a bit (of ) 有一点，一会儿bitter a.有苦味的;痛苦的;难过的;严酷的black n. 黑色a. 黑色的blank n. & a. 空格，空白（处）bleed vi.出血，流血blow n. 击；打击v. 吹；刮风；吹气blue n.蓝色a.蓝色的board n. 木板；布告牌；委员会；（政府的）部v.上（船、火车、飞机）book n. 书；本子v. 预定，定（房间、车票等）border n.边缘，边境，国界born a. 出生be born 出生both a.两；双pron.两者；双方both…and两个都，既…又…bowl n. 碗box n. 盒子，箱子boy n. 男孩brake n. 闸vi.刹车brand n. 品牌bread n.面包break n.间隙v.打破；损坏；撕开break out（战争、火灾等）突然发生，爆发breakfast n.早餐at breakfast 吃早餐have breakfast吃早餐hold one’s breath屏住呼吸out of breath 气喘吁吁bridge n. 桥brief a. 简洁的bright a.明亮的；聪明的bring ( brought, brought ) vt.拿来；带来Britain n. 英国British a. 英国的；英国人的brown n. 褐色，棕色a.褐色的，棕色的brush v. 刷；擦n. 刷子budget n.预算build v. 建筑；造building n. 建筑物；房屋；大楼burden n. 负担，重担v.（使）负担bury vt. 埋；葬bus n. 公共汽车bush n. 灌木丛business n.（本分）工作；职责；剩余busy a.忙（碌）的be busy doing sth 忙于做某事be busy with sth. 忙于某事but conj.但是，可是prep. 除了，除…外buy ( bought, bought ) vt. 买by prep. 靠近，在…旁边；不迟于；被；用；由；乘（车）by bus/car/plane/train/ship/air 乘坐公汽/轿车/飞机/火车/轮船/飞机bye-bye 再见Ccake n.蛋糕calculate vt. 计算，核算call n.喊，叫；电话，通话v. 称呼；呼唤；喊，叫call for 需要；去接（人），提倡，号召calm a. 镇静的；沉着的v. 镇静；沉着camera n. 照相机；摄像机can modal v.可能；能够；可以Canada n.加拿大Canadian a. 加拿大的；加拿大人的n.加拿大人cancer n.癌candidate n.候选人capital n. 首都，省会；大写；资本car n. 汽车，小卧车card n. 卡片；名片；纸牌care n. 照料，保护；小心v.介意，在乎；关心care for 照顾（病人），非常喜欢take care of 照料，爱护careful a.小心的，仔细的，谨慎的careless a. 粗心的carry vt. 拿，搬，带，提，抬，背，抱等carry on 继续carry out 履行，实施，执行cash n. 现金v. 兑现casual a.随便的，漫不经心的cat n. 猫catch ( caught, caught ) v.接住，捉住，赶上；染上（疾病）cave n.洞，穴；地窖center/centre n. 中心，中央centimeter n.公分，厘米century n. 世纪，百年ceremony n. 典礼；仪式certain a.某…；确定的，无疑的；一定会…certainly ad.当然，一定，无疑chair n. 椅子chairman( pl.chairmen ) n. 主席，会长champion n. 冠军，优胜者chance n. 机会，可能性change… into把…变成channel n.频道；通道；水渠chapter n. 章character n. （汉）字，字体；品格chat n. & vi. 聊天，闲谈cheap a.便宜的cheat n. & v. 骗取，哄骗；作弊check n.检查；批改vt. 校对，核对；检查；批改cheer n. & vi. 欢呼，喝彩cheese n.奶酪cheque/check n.支票chicken n. 鸡；鸡肉child ( pl. children ) n. 孩子，儿童China n.中国Chinese a.中国的；中国话的；中国人的n.中国人；中国话；汉语chocolate n. 巧克力choose (chose, chosen ) vt. 选择Christmas n.圣诞节church n.教堂；教会cinema n. 电影院；电影go to the cinema 看电影city n.市，城市，都市civil a. 国内的；平民的；民用的class n. 班；课have classes 上课after class 课后classmate n. 同班同学clear a. 清晰的；明亮的；清楚的clerk n. 书记员；办事员；职员climate n. 气候close a. 亲密的；近；靠近ad. 靠近，近vt.关，关闭cloud n. 云；云状物；阴影coach n. 教练；马车；长途车coast n. 海岸；海滨cock n. 公鸡coffee n. 咖啡cold a. 冷的，寒的n. 寒冷；感冒；伤风catch/take cold 患感冒have a cold 感冒collect vt.收集，搜集college n. 学院；专科学校go to college 上大学colo(u)r n. 颜色vt. 给…着色；涂色come ( came, come ) vi. 来，来到come back 回来，想起来come down 下来，落come from 来自，出生（于）come in 进来，进入come on 来吧，赶快come out（书等）出版，发行；出来comfortable a.舒服的；安逸的comment n. 评论commercial a.贸易的，商业的committee n. 委员会common a. 常见的，共有的，共同的communism n.共产主义communist n.共产主义者a. 共产党的；共产主义的companion n.同伴；同事company n. 公司compare vt. 比较，对照compete vi. 比赛，竞赛computer n.计算机comrade n. 同志concentrate v.集中，聚精会神concrete a.具体的，有形的，混凝土制的n.混凝土conduct vt. 引导，带领conductor n. 管理人；指导者；（车上的）售票员，列车员；乐队指挥confirm v.证实，证明，确认conflict n.冲突，争执，争论v. (两种思想、说法的)冲突，抵触connect vt. 连接，把…联系起来consider vt. 考虑be considered as 被认为是consist v. 包含，组成，构成constant a. 经常的，不断的construction n. 建造，建设，建筑物consume vt.消耗，耗费，吃，喝contain v.包含；包括；能容纳content a. 甘愿的，满意的n. 内容continent n. 大陆，大洲；陆地convenient a. 方便的，便利的conversation n. 谈话，交谈cook n.炊事员，厨师v.烹调，做饭corner n. 角；角落；拐角correct v.改正；纠正a.正确的，恰当的cost ( cost, cost ) v. 花费，值（多少钱）n.价格count vt. 数，点数counter n.柜台，结账处countryside n.乡下，农村couple n.夫妇，一对court n. 法庭，法院cover n.盖子；罩v. 覆盖，遮盖；掩盖be covered with 被…覆盖crash n. 撞车，碰撞，相撞crazy a.疯狂的creature n. 生物，动物credit n.信用；信赖；信誉crew n.全体船员crop n. 庄稼；收成cup n. 茶杯cut (cut, cut ) v. 切，剪，削，割n.伤口Ddad n. (口语)爸爸，爹爹daily a. 每日的；日常的ad. 每天n. 日报dance n. & v i. 跳舞dark n.黑暗；暗处；日暮a. 黑暗的；暗淡的；深色的darkness n.黑暗，阴暗daughter n. 女儿day n. (一)天，（一）日；白天by day 在白天，日间day after day 日复一日day and night 日日夜夜，夜以继日one day （过去）某一天，有朝一日the day before yesterday 前天the day after tomorrow 后天the other day 前几天deaf a.聋的dear int. (表示惊愕等)哎呀！唷！a. 亲爱的；贵的deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期debate n.& v. 讨论，辩论debt n.债务；欠款December n.12月decide v. 决定；下决心decision n. 决定；决心decorate vt.装饰，修饰decrease v.减少，减小，降低n. 减少，降低；减少量deed n.行为；事迹do a good deed 做好事deep a.深ad.深；深厚defeat vt.击败；战胜defence/defense n.& v. 防御；防务degree n.程度；度数；学位delete v.删去department n.部门；（机关的）司，处；（大学的）系deserve v.值得；应得；应受design n.& vt.设计，策划n. 图案，图样，模式destination n. 目的地，终点detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出diagram n. 图表，图样dial vt.拨（电话号码）dialogue/dialog n.对话dictionary n.词典，字典die vi.死differ v.相异，有区别difference n. 不同different a.不同的，有差异的difficult a. 难的；艰难的；不易相处的difficulty n.困难，费力digest v.消化；领会digital a.数字的，数码的dinner n.正餐，宴会dining-room 食堂，饭厅direction n.方向；方位director n.所长，处长，主任，董事，导演disagree vi.意见不一致disappear vi.消失disappoint vt.使失望disaster n. 灾难，祸患discount n. 折扣discovery n. 发现discriminate v.歧视discuss vt.讨论，议论disk=disc n. 磁盘dislike vt.不喜欢；厌恶distinguish v.区分；辨别；分清district n.区；地区；区域do well in 在…干得好doctor n.医生；博士document n. 文件；文献dog n.狗dollar n.美元donate vt.捐赠，捐献door n.门dormitory n. 学生宿舍dot n.点，小点，圆点double a. 两倍的，双的n. 两个；双download n.& v.下载（计算机用语）draw v.绘画；拉，托；提取（金钱）drawer n. 抽屉drawing n.图画，素描（画）；绘画dream n.& v.梦，梦想dress n. 女服，连衣裙；（统称）服装；童装v.穿衣，穿着drill n.钻头，（反复的）训练vt. 钻（孔）；重复训练drink n.饮料；喝酒v.喝，饮drive v. 驾驶，开（车）；驱赶drop n.滴v.掉下，落下；投递；放弃drown vi. 溺死；淹没drug n.药；毒品drunk a.醉的dry v.使…干；弄干；擦干a. 干的，干燥的duck n. 鸭子due a.预期的；约定的dull a. 阴暗的；单调无味的during prep. 在…期间；在…过程中dust n.灰尘，尘土dusty a. 尘土般的，尘土多的duty n. 责任，义务Eeach a.& pron.每人，每个，每件each other 互相，彼此eager a.渴望的，热切的ear n.耳朵；耳状物；听力，听觉early a.早的ad.早地earn vt.挣得，赚得earth n.地球；土，泥；大地earthquake n. 地震east a. 东方的；东部的；朝东的；从东方来的ad. 在东方；向东方；从东方n. 东，东方；东部eastern a. 东方的；东部的easy a.容易的，不费力的take it easy 别急；沉住气；从容点eat v. 吃eat up 吃完，吃光edge n. 边缘edit vt.编辑，校订；剪辑；主编education n. 教育，培养effect n.效果；作用effort n. 努力，艰难的尝试egg n.蛋；卵eight num. 八either a.两方任一方的；二者之一conj. 二者之一；要么…ad.（用于否定句或短语后）也either…or（对两事物的选择）要么…要么；或者…或者elder n.长者；前辈elect vt. (投票)选举electric a. 电的electricity n. 电；电流electronic a.电子的elephant n. 大象eleven num. 十一else ad.别的，其他的embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬employ vt.雇佣empty a. 空的encourage vt.鼓励end n.末尾；终点；结束v.结束，终止in the end 最后，终于endless a.无止境的；没完的enemy n. 敌人；敌军energy n. 精力，能量engine n. 发动机，引擎engineer n.工程师；技师England n. 英格兰English a. 英国的；英国人的；英语的in English 用英语Englishman (pl. Englishmen ) n. 英国（男）人enjoy vt.欣赏；喜欢；享受…之乐趣enjoy oneself 玩得痛快enjoyable a.愉快的；有趣的enough n. 足够；充分a. 足够的；充分的ad. 足够地；充分地enter vt. 进入entertainment n.娱乐entire a.整个的，全部的entrance n.入口；入场；进入的权利；入学许可envelope n. 信封environment n.环境envy vt. & n. 妒忌；羡慕equal a.平等的vt.等于，使等于equipment n.装备，设备error n.错误；差错escape n.& vi.逃跑；逃脱especially ad. 特别，尤其essay n.散文；文章；随笔Europe n. 欧洲European a.欧洲的；欧洲人的n.欧洲人evaluate vt. 评价，评估even ad. 甚至，连（…都）；更even if/though 即使；尽管evening n. 傍晚，晚上event n. 事件，大事ever ad.曾经；无论如何ever since 自从，从…起for ever 永远every a.每一，每个的everybody/everyone pron. 每人，人人everyday a.每日的；日常的everything pron. 每件事；事事everywhere ad.到处evidence n.证明；证据；根据exact a. 精确的；确切的exactly ad.精确地；确切地examination/exam n. 考试，测试；检查；审查examine vt.检查；诊察example n. 例子；榜样for example 例如excellent a.极好的，优秀的except prep. 除…之外excite vt. 使兴奋；使激动exciting a.令人激动的，使人兴奋的excuse n.借口；辩解vt. 原谅；宽恕exercise n.锻炼，做操；练习，习题vi.锻炼exhibition n.展览；展览会exist vi.存在exit n.出口，太平门expand v.扩大，增加；增强expect vt.预料；盼望；认为expense n. 消费；支出expensive a. 昂贵的experience n.经验；经历experiment n.实验expert n.专家，能手explain vt. 解释，说明explanation n.解释，说明explode v.（使）爆炸exploit vt.开采，开发；利用；剥削explore v. 勘探；勘查；探索，探究export vt.& n. 出口，输出express vt. 表达；表示；表情n.快车，特快专递expression n.表达；词句；表示，说法；表情extra a.额外的，外加的extraordinary a.离奇的；使人惊奇的extremely ad. 极其，非常eye n.眼睛Fface n. 脸vt.面对；面向face to face 面对面make a face 做鬼脸fact n. 事实，现实as a matter of fact 实际上，事实上in fact 事实上，实际上factory n.工厂fade vi.褪色，（颜色）消退fail v. 失败，不及格；衰退failure n.失败fair a. 公平的，合理的a.（肤色）白皙的；（人）白肤金发的n.集市；庙会；展览会fairly ad. 公正地，正当地；相当地faith n. 信仰；信念fall (fell, fallen ) vi.落（下），降落；倒n.（美）秋季fall asleep 入睡fall ill 患病，病倒false a.不正确的；假的familiar a.熟悉的family n. 家庭；家族；子女famous a.著名的fan n.（电影、运动等的）迷；热心的爱好者（支持者）far ( farther, farthest, further, furthest)a.& ad. 远的；远地far away 遥远的far from 远离so far 迄今为止farm n. 农场；农庄farmer n.农民farther a. & ad.(时间或空间上)更远，较远fast a.快的，迅速的；紧密的ad.快地，迅速地；紧密地fasten vt.扎牢；扣住fat a. 胖的；肥的n.脂肪father n. 父亲fault n. 缺点，毛病favour n.恩惠；好意；帮助favourite a.喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人（或物）fax n.传真fear n.害怕；恐惧；担忧feather n. 羽毛February n.二月federal a.中央的；联邦的fee n.费，费用feed ( fed, fed ) vt. 喂（养）；饲（养）feel (felt, felt ) v. & link. 感觉，觉得；摸，触feel like doing 想要做某事, 感觉要feeling n.感情；感觉fellow n.同伴；伙伴female a. 女的；女性的；雌性的fence n.栅栏；围栏；篱笆festival a.节日的，喜庆的fetch vt. （去）取（物）来，（去）带（人）来fever n. 发烧；发热few pron. 不多；少数a.不多的；少数的a few 一些，少量fiction n. 小说field n. 田地；牧场；场地fierce a.猛烈的fifteen num. 十五fifth num. 第五fifty num.五十fight (fought, fought ) v. 打仗（架），与…打仗（架）n.打仗（架）；争论figure n.数字；数目；图；图形；（人的）身型；人物；（绘画、雕刻的）人物像vt.（美口语）认为，判断；（在心理）想象，描绘file n.公文柜；档案，（计算机）文档fill vt.填空，装满fill in 填写（表格等）film n.电影；影片；胶卷vt.拍摄，把…拍成电影final a.最后的；终极的finance n. 资金；财政，金融find ( found, found ) vt.找到，发现，感到find out 查明，弄清（情况）,发现，了解fine a. 细的；清朗的；美好的；（身体）健康的n.& v.惩罚finger n. 手指finish v.结束；做完fire n.火；火炉；火灾vi.开火，开（枪、炮等），射击fireworks n.焰火firm n.公司；企业a.坚固的，坚定的first num. 第一a.& ad.第一；首先；最初n. 开始；开端at first 起初，起先first of all 最重要，第一；首先fish n.鱼；鱼肉vi.钓鱼；捕鱼fist n. 拳（头）fit a. 健康的，适合的v.（使）适合，安装be fit for 适合five num.五fix vt 修理；安装；确定，决定flag n. 旗；标志；旗舰flash n.闪；闪光；转瞬间flat a.平的n. 楼中一套房间；公寓（常用复数）flame n.火焰，火舌flesh n.肉flight n.航班；楼梯的一段float vi.漂浮，浮动flood n.洪水vt. 淹没，使泛滥floor n.地面，地板；（楼房的）层flour n.面粉；粉flow vi. 流动flower n.花flu n.流行性感冒fluent a. 流利的，流畅的fly n. 飞行；苍蝇vi.（鸟、飞机）飞；（人乘飞机）飞行；（旗子等）飘动vt.空运（乘客、货物等）；放（风筝、飞机模型等）focus vt.集中（注意力、精力等）于n.焦点，中心点foggy a.多雾的fold vt.折叠；合拢follow vt.跟随；仿效；跟得上fond a.喜爱的，爱好的be fond of 喜爱，喜欢food n.食物，食品fool n.傻子，蠢人foolish a.愚蠢的，傻的foot(pl. feet) n.足，脚；英尺on foot 步行football n.（英式）足球,（美式）橄榄球for prep. 为了…；向…；往…；与…交换；防备…；适合…；因为；在…期间；对于；对…来说conj. 因为，由于forbid vt. 禁止，不许force vt.强迫，迫使forecast n.& vt.预告foreign a.外国的forest n. 森林forever ad. 永远；用好地forget ( forgot, forgotten ) v. 忘记；忘掉forgive ( forgave, forgiven ) vt.原谅，宽恕fork n.叉，餐叉form n. 表格；形式；结构former a. 以前的，从前的；（两者之中的）前者fortnight n.十四日，两星期fortunate a.幸运的；侥幸的fortunately ad.幸运地；侥幸地fortune n.财产；运气forty num.四十forward ad.将来，今后；向前，前进found vt.成立，建立fountain n.喷泉four num. 四fourth num. 第四fox n.狐狸France n.法国free a.自由的，空闲的；免费的set free 释放freedom n.自由freeze vi.结冰French n.法语a.法国的；法国人的；法语的Frenchman (pl.Frenchmen ) n.法国（男）人frequent a.经常的；频繁的frequently ad.经常，频繁地fresh a. 新鲜的Friday n.星期五fridge ( refrigerator) n. 冰箱friend n.朋友make friends 交朋友friendly a.友好的friendship n. 友谊，友情frighten vt.使惊恐，吓唬from prep.从；从…起；距；来自from now on 从今以后，今后from then on 从那时起from…to…从…到…front a.前面的；前部的n. 前面；前部；前线in front of 在…前面fruit n. 水果；果实fry vt.用油煎；用油炸fuel n.燃料full a.满的，充满的；完全的be full of 充满，注满fun n.有趣的事，娱乐，玩笑make fun of 嘲弄，取笑funny a.有趣的，滑稽可笑的fur n. 毛皮；皮子furniture n.（总称）家具further a. & ad.(空间距离)更远future n.将来Ggain vt.赢得；挣得game n.游戏；运动；比赛garage n.汽车间（库）garbage n.垃圾garden n. 花园，果园，菜园gas n.煤气gate n.大门gather v.聚集；采集gay a.（男）同性恋的；快活的，愉快的general a.大体的，笼统的，总的generally ad.普遍地，广泛地；一般地，通常generation n.代，一代generous a. 慷慨的，大方的gentle a.温柔的，轻轻的gentleman ( pl. gentlemen) n. 绅士，先生geography n.地理学German a.德国的，德国人的；德语的n.德国人，德语Germany n.德国gesture n.姿势，手势get ( got, got ) vt.成为；得到；具有；到达get along 离开，传播；各处走动get away 度假，逃离，摆脱get back 返回，回来get down 吞下，写下，使（某人）沮丧get in 进入，收获；达到get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）get on 上车；过活get on with sb. 与某人相处get through拨通（电话），顺利通过get together 聚会，联欢get up 起床gift n.赠品；礼物girl n.女孩give ( gave, given ) vt. 给；递给；付出；给予give back 归还，送回give out 分发，发出（光、热等）give up 放弃glad a.高兴的；乐意的glance v. 匆匆一看；一瞥glass n.玻璃杯；玻璃；（复）眼镜globe n.地球仪；地球glove n.手套go (went, gone) vi.去；走；驶；通到；到达n.尝试（做某事）go away 走开，离开go back 回来，返回go by （时间）逝去；过去；走过；经过gofishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/ 购物/溜冰/游泳go for a walk 出去散步go on 继续go on doing 不停地做某事g o on with one’s work（尤指停顿或中断之后）继续做（某事）go out出去；（火或灯光）熄灭；go over 仔细检查；复习；反复研究goal n.（足球）球门；目标goat n.山羊god n.神；（大写）上帝gold n.黄金a.金的；黄金的golden a. 金（黄）色的good a.好；良好be good at 擅长goodbye int.再见；再会goods n.商品，货物goose (pl. geese) n.鹅government n. 政府grade n.等级；（中小学的）学年；成绩，分数gradually ad. 逐渐地graduate v.毕业graduation n.毕业；毕业典礼grain n. 谷物，谷类grammar n. 语法grand a.宏伟的granddaughter n.（外）孙女grandfather n.爷爷；外公grandmother n.奶奶；外婆grandson n.（外）孙子grasp v.抓住；紧握grass n.草；草场；牧草great a.伟大的；重要的；好极了ad. （口语）好极了，很好greatly ad.非常；很；大大地Greek n. 希腊人；希腊语a. 希腊的；希腊人的；希腊语的green a. 绿色的；青的n.绿色greet vt. 问候；向…致敬greeting n. 祝贺grey/gray a.灰色的；灰白的grocery n.食品杂货店ground n. 地面ground floorgroup n.组，群grow (grew, grown) v.生长；发育；种植；变成grow up 长大，成熟guard n.防护装置，警戒guess vi. 猜guest n. 客人，宾客guide n.向导，导游者gun n.枪，炮gym= gymnasium n.体操；体育馆；健身房Hhabit n. 习惯，习性hair n. 头发haircut n.（男子）理发half a.& n.半，一半，半个half an hour 半小时hall n.大厅，会堂，礼堂；过道ham n. 火腿hamburger n.汉堡包hammer n.锤子，锣锤hand n.手；指针v.递；给；交付；交上hand in 提交；呈交；上交hand out 分发handbag n. 女用皮包；手提包handkerchief n.手帕handle n.柄，把手v.处理handsome a. 英俊的hang(hanged, hanged) v.处（人）绞刑；上吊hang( hung, hung ) v.悬挂，吊着；把…吊起happen vi. （偶然）发生happy a.幸福的；快乐的；高兴的happiness n. 幸福，愉快harbour(harbor) n. 港口hard ad. 努力地；使劲；猛烈地a.硬的；困难的；艰难的hardly ad. 几乎不hardship n.困难hard-working a.努力工作的harmony n. 融洽；和睦harvest n.& vt.收割，收获（物）hat n.帽子（一般指有边的）；礼帽hate vt.& n. 恨，讨厌have vt.有；吃；喝；进行；经受have got to (BrE)必须，不得不have sth. on 穿着，戴着have to 必须，不得不he pron.他head n.头；头脑；才智；首领；源头；标题a.头部的；主要的；首席的v.率领；加标题；用头顶；出发；（船等）驶向use one’s head动脑筋headache n. 头疼have a headache 头痛headmaster n.（英）中小学校长health n.健康，卫生healthy a.健康的，健壮的hear ( heard, heard) v.听见；听说；得知hear from 接到某人的信、对话等hear of 听说，得知heart n.心；心脏；纸牌中的红桃learn/know sth. by heart 记住，背熟heat n. 热vt.把…加热heaven n. 天；天空heavy a.重的height n.高，高度hello int. 喂；你好（表示打招呼，问候或唤起注意）say hello to 向…问好help n.& vt. 帮忙，帮助help oneself to 为自己取用；请随便吃点help sb.with sth. 帮某人做某事helpful a. 有帮助的，有益的her pron. 她（宾格）；她的here ad.这里；在这里；向这里here and there 在各处，到处hero n. 英雄；勇士；男主角hers pron. 她的（名词性物主代词）herself pron.她自己hesitate vi.犹豫hi int.你好（表示打招呼、问候或唤起注意）hide v.把…藏起来，隐藏high a. 高的；高度的ad.高地highway n.公路，交通要道hill n. 小山；丘陵；土堆；斜坡him pron. 他（宾格）himself pron.他自己hire vt.租用his pron. 他的history n.历史，历史学hit n.& vt. 打，撞，击中hobby n. 业余爱好，嗜好hold ( held, held ) vt.拿；抱；握住；举行；进行hold on （电话用语）别挂断，等一下hole n.洞，坑holiday n.假日；假期on holiday 度假home n.家ad.到家；回家at home 在家里go home 回家homework n.家庭作业do one’s homework做家庭作业honest a.诚实的，正直的honey n.蜂蜜honour n.荣誉，共荣vt.尊敬，给予荣誉hope n.& v. 希望hopeless a.没有希望的；不可救药的horrible a.令人恐惧的；恐怖的horse n.马hospital n.医院host n.主人；节目主持人vt. 主办；主持hot a.热的hot dog n.热狗hotel n.旅馆，饭店，宾馆hour n.小时house n.房子；住宅housewife n.家庭主妇housework n.家务劳动how ad.怎样，如何；多少；多么how far 多远how long 多长how many 多少（修饰可数名词）how much 多少（修饰不可数名词）how old 几岁however ad.可是conj. 然而，可是，尽管如此huge a.巨大的，庞大的human a. 人的，人类的humour (am humor) n.幽默；幽默感hundred num.百hunger n.饥饿hungry a. （饥）饿的hunt vt. 寻找；狩猎，猎取hurry vi.赶快；急忙n.匆忙；急忙hurry up 快点，赶快in a hurry 匆忙，很快地hurt (hurt, hurt ) vt. 伤害，受伤；伤人感情husband n.丈夫Iice n.冰ice-cream n.冰淇淋idea n. 主意，意见，打算，想法identity n. 身份if conj.如果，假使；是否，是不是ignore vt. 忽视；佯装不见，不予理睬ill a.有病的；不健康的illegal a. 违法的；不合法的illness n.疾病imagine vt. 想象，设想immediate a. 立即的；马上immediately ad.立即immigrate vi.（从外地）移居，移民import v.& n.进口，输入importance n.重要性important a.重要的impossible a.不可能的impress vt. 留下极深的印象improve vt. 改进，更新in prep.在…里（内）；在…；以…inch n.英寸include vt.包含，包括income n. 收入，所得increase v.& n.增加，繁殖indeed ad.确实；实在independent a.独立的；有主见的India n.印度Indian a.（美洲）印第安人的；印度人的n. 印第安人；印度人indicate vt.表明；暗示industry n.工业，产业infer vt.推断；推论information n. 信息injure vt.损害，伤害ink n. 墨水，油墨innocent a. 无辜的，清白的，无罪的insect n. 昆虫insert vt. 插入inside prep.在…里面ad.在里面insist vi.坚持；坚决认为inspire vt.鼓舞；激励instant a. 瞬间；刹那instead ad. 代替；顶替instead of 代替，而不是interpreter n. 口译译员institute n.（研究）所，院；学院instruction n. 说明，须知；教导instrument n. 乐器；工具，器械insurance n. 保险intend vt.想要，打算interest n.兴趣，趣味；利息a place of interest 名胜interesting a.有趣的international a.国际的Internet n.互联网，英特网interrupt v.打扰，打断interview n.& vt. 采访，会见，面试into prep. 到…里；向内introduce vt.介绍invent vt. 发明，创造invite vt. 邀请，招待iron n.铁；熨斗v. 熨烫island n. 岛it pron. 它its pron.它的itself pron. 它自己Jjacket n.短上衣；夹克衫jam n. 果酱；阻塞January n.一月Japan n.日本Japanese a.日本的；日本人的；日语的n. 日本人；日语jar n.罐子；坛子jeans n.牛仔裤job n.（一份）工作join v. 参加，加入；连接；会合join in 参加；加入join up 联合起来；会合joke n.笑话journalist n. 记者journey n.旅行，路程joy n.欢乐，高兴，乐趣judge n.裁判；审判员；法官vt. 判断，断定juice n.汁、液July n.七月jump n.跳跃；跳变v.跳跃；惊起；猛扑June n.六月jungle n. 丛林，密林junior a.初级的；年少的just ad.刚才；巧好；不过；仅a. 公正的just now 刚才，刚刚，一会儿前just then 那时justice n.正义；公正；司法Kkeep (kept,kept) v.保持；保存；继续不断vt. 培养，饲养keep on ( doing sth.) 继续做key n.钥匙；答案；键；关键keyboard n.键盘kick v.& n. 踢kid n. 小孩kill v.杀死，弄死kilo n. 千克；千米kilometer/kilometer n.千米（公里）kind n.种；类a. 善良的；友好的a kind of 一种，一类all kinds of 各种各样kindergarten n.幼儿园king n.国王kiss n.& vt.吻，亲吻kitchen n.厨房kite n. 风筝knee n.膝盖knife n.小刀；匕首；刀片knock n.& v.敲；打；击knock at 敲knock into sb. 撞上know (knew, known ) v. 知道；了解；认识；懂得knowledge n.知识，学问Llab n.实验室labour n. 劳动lack n.& vt.缺乏，缺少ladder n.梯子lady n. 女士，夫人lake n.湖lamp n.灯；油灯；光源land n.陆地；土地v. 登岸（陆）；降落language n.语言large a.大的；巨大的last a.最近刚过去的；最后的ad. 最近刚过去；最后地n. 最后v.持续at last 终于，最终late a.晚的，迟的ad.晚地，迟地be late for (school) 迟到lately ad. 最近，不久前later a. 晚些的，迟些的latter n.（两者之中的）后者laugh n.& v. 笑，大笑，嘲笑laugh at嘲笑，讥笑law n.法律，法令；定律lawyer n.律师lay (laid, laid) vt.放，搁lazy a.懒惰的lead n.铅v.领导，带领leaf (pl. leaves) n.（树，菜）叶league n.联盟，社团league member团员leak vi.漏；渗learn vt. 学，学习，学会least n.最少，最少量at least 至少，不少于leave ( left, left ) v. 离开；把…留下，剩下lecture n.讲课，演讲left a. 左边的ad.向左n.左，左边on the left 在左边leg n.腿；腿脚；支柱legal a.法律的；合法的lend vt.借（出），把…借给length n.长，长度，段，节less a.& ad. 少于，小于less than 不足，少于lesson n.课；功课；教训do one’s lessons做功课have lessons 上课let vt.让let in 让…进来，放进let out 发出（叫声等），放掉，泄露letter n.信；字母level n. 水平线，水平liberate vt.解放，使获自由librarian n. 图书管理员；（西方的）图书馆馆长library n.图书馆，图书室license n. 执照，许可证lie (lay, lain) v.躺；卧；平放；位于lie n.& vi. 谎言；说谎life (pl.lives ) n.生命；生涯；生活；人生；生物lifetime n. 一生，终生lift v. 举起，抬起；（云、烟等）消散n.（英）电梯light n.光，光亮；灯，灯光vt. 点（火），点燃a.明亮的；轻的；浅色的lightning n.闪电like prep.像，跟…一样vt. 喜欢，喜爱be like 像likely a.很可能的limit vt. 限制；减少line n. 绳索，线，排，行，线路v.画线于，（使）成行lion n.狮子lip n.嘴唇liquid n.& a.液体；液体的list n.一览表，清单listen vi. 听，仔细听listen to 听literature n.文学litre/liter n.升，公升litter v. 乱丢杂物little a.小的，少的ad.很少地，稍许n. 没有多少，一点a little 少量的，一些live vi.活着，生活；居住a. 活的；活着的；实况；现场（直播）的lively a.活泼的；充满生气的living a.活着的n.生计living-room 客厅；起居室load n. 担子，货物loaf n.一个面包local a.当地的；地方的lock n.锁vt. 锁，锁上lonely a. 孤独的，寂寞的long a. 长的，远ad.长久before long 不久long ago 很久以前long before 在…之前很长时间no longer 不再not… any longer不再look n.看，瞧v.看，观看v.link. 看起来look after 照顾look at 看look for 寻找look out 当心，留神look up （在词典或参考书中）查阅，查找have a look 看take a look 看loose a. 松散的；宽松的lorry n.（英）运货汽车，卡车lose (lost, lost ) vt.失去，丢失loss n.丧失；损耗lot n.许多，好些a lot of / lots of 大量，许多loud a.大声的love n.& vt. 爱，热爱；很喜欢lovely a.美好的，可爱的low a.& ad.低；矮luck n. 运气，好运luggage n.（总称）行李lunch n.午餐，午饭have lunch 吃午饭lung n.肺；肺脏Mmachine n.机器mad a.发疯的；生气的madam/madame n.夫人，女士magazine n. 杂志magic a. 有魔力的mail n.邮政，邮递v.（美）邮寄mailbox (letter box) n.邮筒；邮箱main a. 主要的major a. 较大的；主要的majority n. 大多数make(made, made) vt. 制造，做；使得be made from 有…制作（看不见原材料）be made in 产于某地be made of 有…制作（看得见原材料）male a. 男（性）的；雄的man (pl. men) n.成年男人；人，人类manage v.管理；设法对付manager n.经理mankind n.人类；（总称）人manner n. 方式，态度，举止many pron. 许多人（或物）a.许多的a good/great many 很多map n. 地图march n.游行，行进March n.三月。
2011上海市高考英语卷语法与词汇试题分析
2011上海市高考英语卷语法与词汇试题分析II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the toughyears.A. throughB. upC. withD. From介词：从头到尾经过，如：work through the night通宵工作26.To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ______.A. the otherB. otherC. the othersD. another不定代词，“一杯，又一杯”27.It’s no use ______ without taking action.plainB. complainingC. being complainedD. to be complained 句型：It is no use doing something.28.I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before itcomes.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. daren’tD. needn’t情态动词，计划总在周末来临前完成，没必要担心29.When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered howthey had managed with ______ money.A.so fewB. such fewC. so littleD. such little修饰语：so + little/few/much/many + 名词such + a + 形容词+ 名词；such + 形容词+ 名词30.It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, ______?A.doesn’t itB. does itC. don’t theyD. do they反义问句：根据主句31.After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ______ four days later.A.rescuedB. was rescuedC. has rescuedD. had been rescued 谓语动词的时态：关键词两个：after...和later32.The rare fish, ______ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. savingC. to be savedD. having saved过去分词，作时间状语（兼有原因的成分）33.At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind,______ that he could do nothing to help.A.to realizeB. realizedC. realizingD. being realized现在分词，作原因状语34.Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition?A. would signB. signedC. have signedD. had signed过去将来时，如同间接引语的用法35.There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret isbodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that同位语从句，具体说明evidence的内容36.If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait______ it comes out on DVD.A. whetherB. afterC. thoughD. until时间状语从句：直到。
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2011届高考英语重点石成词汇及语法解析 3
人教新标必修五unit2重点词汇解析
unit 2 rds and expressins
1debate abut /n/upn sh争论某事
Debate sth ith sb 与某人争某事
egI debated the idea in ind until I fell asleep
我入睡前一直在思考这个问题。
The ere debating hether t g t the untain r t the seaside
他们正在争论是去上还是去海边。
After a lng debate the bill as passed in ngress
经过长时间的辩论后，议案在国会通过了。
2in additin t sth/ding sth=as ell as, besides另外
Additins are ade t the list fr tie t tie
清单的内容不断扩充。
In additin t giving a general intrdutin t puters, the urse als prvides pratial experiene
程除了介绍一般电脑知识外，还提供实际操作的机会。
3lie-la-lain-ling 躺，卧，位于
la-laid-laid-laing 放置，下蛋
lie-lied-lied-ling 撒谎
figure 体形，身体；数字；图形；人像，雕像figure ut 计算出；想明白
have/eep a gd figure 拥有/保持好身材
be pr/gd at figures 擅长/不擅长计算
4get int (ut f ) a diffiult situatin
run arss /run int 偶遇，撞上
run aa走掉
run aa fr逃避
run ut用光
run ut f 用光
in the lng run从长远看
be n the run 忙碌
6lse get lse t 接近sit lse t 坐在旁边
ath sb lsel 密切观察某人
be deepl ved 深受感动
deep int the night 到深夜
be highl praised 受到高度赞扬
fl high 飞得高
be idel used 被广泛使用
ith his ees ide pen 眼睛睁得很大
7equip …ith sth 用某物装备
8tae easures t d 采取措施做
tae steps t d 采取步骤（措施）做
tae atin 采取行动
9be nerned ith 与有关
be nerned abut /ver 关心，挂念
就。
而言
as/s far as …be nerned
nerning=abut
10rel n/upn =depend n/upn 依赖，依靠
11result in 导致
result fr 因为
as a result(f) 因为
12lead t 通向；导致=result in
eg: All rads lead t Re 条条大路通罗马。
eg: Suess lies in hard r hile laziness an lead t failure 成功在于努力，懒惰导致失败。
The disver f ne evidene led t the thief being aught 新证据的发现使小偷被抓住了。
13hunt fr a b 找工作
14under a 在进行中
under atta 受到攻击
under ntrl 在控制之下
under disussin 在讨论中
under repair 在修理中
under exainatin 在检查中
under nstrutin 在建设中
under arrest 被逮捕
1assess
eg: laer assessed the value f pan at ￡700,000
我的律师估计我的公司价值70万英镑。
16reain
e are reaining at he
我们留在家里
Peter beae a udge but hn reained a fisheran
彼得当了法官，但约翰仍然是个渔民。
He’s deterined t reain lal t the tea hatever es his a
他决心不管发生什么事都忠于球队。
The death f the inneeper still reains a ster
客栈老板之死仍然是个谜。
it reains t be seen
还要看情况发展
17ithin the reah f sb 在某人手够到的地方
ut f ne’s reah =bend the reah f sb 某人手够不到的地方reah fr 伸手去拿
reah t 延伸到
eg: The farland reahes t the river 农场延伸到河边。