英语助动词和情态动词及练习

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英语语法-助动词和情态动词用法及习题

目录1助动词和情态动词的定义 (2)2 can，may，must (3)3 Will you～？和Shall I（we）～？ (10)4 would和should (14)5 have to (16)练习题 (17)答案 (18)1助动词和情态动词的定义在英语中，助动词一般没有词义，主要帮助构成谓语，表示时态、语态或构成疑问及否定形式。

对于助动词，同学们一般了解即可。

情态动词与助动词不同，它有词义，但它也和助动词一样，不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，另外重要的一点是情态动词没有人称和数的变化；情态动词后必须跟动词原形。

（×）She cans swim well. （×）She can swims well.（○）She can swim well. （○）She swims well.即使主语是第三人称单数（例如she）can也不能加“s”。

句子中有情态动词can时，即使主语是第三人称单数，也不能在一般动词（例如swim）上加“s”。

1 助动词的种类1.be（am，are，is，was，were，been，being）它与现在分词结合，可以构成进行时态（参见第九章），与过去分词结合可以构成被动语态（参见第十三章）。

I am reading the book.我正在读这本书。

The book was written by me.这本书是我写的。

2. have（has，had，having）它与过去分词结合，构成完成时态（参见第十一章）。

I have finished my homework.我已经写完作业了。

3.shall（should），will（would）它与动词结合构成将来时（参见第十章）。

I will visit Beijing tomorrow.我明天将到北京参观。

4. do（does，did）它与其他动词结合构成否定句和疑问句（参见第六、七、八、十九章）。

小学生英语助动词does、Be动词、情态动词的练习题目

小学生英语助动词does、Be动词、情态动词的练习题目一、助动词does选择题1. --- _______ your father work in a hospital?- Yes, he _______.- No, he _______.A. Does, does, doesn'tB. Does, does, isn'tC. Do, do, doesn'tD. Do, do, isn't2. --- _______ your sister like ice cream?- Yes, she _______.- No, she _______.A. Does, does, doesn'tB. Does, does, isn'tC. Do, do, doesn'tD. Do, do, isn't3. --- _______ they watch TV every evening? - Yes, they _______.- No, they _______.A. Do, do, doesn'tB. Do, do, aren'tC. Does, does, doesn'tD. Does, does, isn't4. --- _______ you play football after school? - Yes, I _______.- No, I _______.A. Do, do, doesn'tB. Do, do, aren'tC. Does, does, doesn'tD. Does, does, isn't5. --- _______ Wendy have a pet dog?- Yes, she _______.- No, she _______.A. Does, does, doesn'tB. Does, does, isn'tC. Do, do, doesn'tD. Do, do, isn't二、Be动词填空题1. Tony _______ a student. He _______ in Grade 4.2. We _______ brothers. _______ names are John and Mike.3. She _______ a doctor. She _______ at a hospital.4. I _______ a teacher. I _______ English.5. They _______ my friends. _______ names are Tom and Sarah.三、情态动词选择题1. You _______ pack your bag before you go to school.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. would2. He _______ swim very well when he was young.A. canB. mayC. willD. could3. _______ I have a piece of cake?A. MayB. CanC. CouldD. Should4. You _______ eat vegetables for a healthy diet.A. mustB. canC. willD. have to5. She _______ play the piano when she was five years old.A. mustB. canC. couldD. should。

小学生英语助动词do、Are动词、情态动词的练习题目

小学生英语助动词do、Are动词、情态动词的练习题目一、助动词do练题1. 选择合适的单词填空1. I ___ my homework every day.- (A) do- (B) does- (C) did2. She ___ her dinner already.- (A) do- (B) does- (C) did3. ___ you like ice cream?- (A) Do- (B) Does- (C) Did2. 句子改写将下列句子改写为否定句和疑问句。

1. He eats breakfast every morning.- 否定句: He ___ ___ breakfast every morning.- 疑问句: ___ he eat breakfast every morning?2. She helps her friends with their homework.- 否定句: She ___ ___ her friends with their homework. - 疑问句: ___ she help her friends with their homework?二、Are动词练题1. 选择合适的单词填空1. They ___ playing soccer in the park.- (A) is- (B) am- (C) are2. ___ your parents at home?- (A) Is- (B) Am- (C) Are3. We ___ going to the movies tonight. - (A) is- (B) am- (C) are2. 根据所给单词填空完成句子1. I ___ a student.2. She ___ a doctor.3. They ___ brothers and sisters.三、情态动词练题1. 选择合适的情态动词填空1. I ___ play the guitar.- (A) can- (B) do- (C) am2. You ___ help your mother with the housework. - (A) can- (B) do- (C) am3. He ___ swim very well.- (A) can- (B) does- (C) is2. 句子改写将下列句子用合适的情态动词或助动词完成。

be动词、助动词、情态动词用法总结及练习

千里之行，始于足下。

be动词、助动词、情态动词用法总结及练习动词是英语中最重要的词类之一。

在动词中，有一些特殊的类型，包括be动词、助动词和情态动词。

它们有着特定的用法和功能。

下面是对这些特殊动词的用法总结，以及一些练习来挂念巩固学问。

1. Be动词的用法：- 表示存在或状态：I am a student.（我是一名同学。

）- 表示身份、职业或特征：She is a doctor.（她是一名医生。

）- 表示时态和语态：He was playing basketball.（他正在打篮球。

）The book is being read by her.（这本书正在被她读。

）- 表示位置：The pen is on the table.（钢笔在桌子上。

）2. 助动词的用法：- be, do, have：用于构成时态、语态和否定句等：She is studying for the exam.（她正在为考试复习。

） I don't like coffee.（我不宠爱咖啡。

）- Modal verbs（情态动词）：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would等。

它们用于表示力量、可能性、义务、建议、恳求等：You should go to bed early.（你应当早睡。

） He can speak three languages.（他会说三种语言。

）3. 情态动词的用法：- can：表示力量、许可或可能性。

I can swim.（我会游泳。

） Can Iuse your pen?（我可以用你的笔吗？）- could：过去式，表示过去的力量或可能性。

When I was young, Icould run very fast.（我年轻时跑得很快。

）- may: 表示许可或可能性。

You may use my computer.（你可以用我的电脑。

高三英语语法复习检测(06)助动词和情态动词练习及答案.

高三英语复习检测（06）助动词和情态动词答案1. You must be a writer, ____? DA. mustn’t youB. are youC. must youD. aren’t you2. I got up early that morning, but I ____ so because I had no work to do. CA. mustn’t have doneB. didn’t need to doC. needn’t have don eD. can’t have done3. I missed the last bus, so I ____ go home on foot. DA. mustB. have toC. mayD. had to4. -- Please don’t make a noise.` B-- ____. I’ll be as quiet as a mouse.A. Yes, I won’tB. No, I won’tC. No, I willD. Yes, I will5. One ought ____ for what one hasn’t done. AA. not to be punishedB. to not be punishedC. to not punishedD. not be punished6. Let’s clean our classroom, ____? CA. will youB. don’t weC. shall weD. do you7. Let us play basketball, ____? AA. will youB. don’t weC. shall weD. do you8. -- There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. -- It ____ a comfortable journey. DA. can’t beB. shouldn’t beC. mustn’t have beenD. couldn’t have been9. -- May I stop here?-- No, you ____. ` AA. mustn’tB. might notC. needn’tD. won’t10. The plant is dead. I ____ it more water. DA. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given11. You ____ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. CA. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. may not12. The little girl ____ there alone. CA. not dare goB. dares not goC. dare not goD. dare not to go13. Without his help, we ____ such rapid progress. BA. do n’t makeB. would not makeC. didn’t makeD. would not have made14. A computer ____ think for itself; it must be told what to do. (NMET 1991 AA. can’tB. couldn’tC. may notD. might not15. -- Could I borrow your dictionary? (NMET 1992--Yes, of course you ____. CA. mightB. willC. canD. should16. -- Shall we go skating or stay at home?-- Which ____ do yourself? (NMET 1992 BA. do you ratherB. would you ratherC. will you ratherD. should you rather17. Tom ought not to ____ me your secret, but he meant no harm. (NMET 1993 AA. have toldB. tellC. by tellingD. having told18. Peter ____ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet. (NMET 1993 BA. mustB. mayC. canD. will19. -- Shall I tell John about it? (NMET 1994-- No, you ____. I’ve told him already. AA. needn’tB. wouldn’tC. mustn’tD. shouldn’t20. -- Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. (NMET 1994-- ____. BA. I don’tB. I won’tC. I can’tD. I haven’t21. --There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. -- It ____ a comfortable journey. (NEMT 1995 DA. can’t beB. shouldn’t beC. mustn’t have beenD. couldn’t have been22. It’s already seven o’clock. Jack ____ be here at any moment. (NEMT 1995 CA. mustB. needC. shouldD. can23. Johnny, you ____ play with the knife, you ____ hurt yourself. (NMET 1996 BA. won’t; can’tB. mustn’t; mayC. shouldn’t; mustD. can’t; shouldn’t24. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out. (NEMT 1997 DA. had toB. wouldC. couldD. was able to25. -- When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. (NMET 1998 --They ____ be ready by 12:00. BA. canB. shouldC. mightD. need26. -- I stayed at a hotel while in New York. (NMET 1998-- Oh, did you? You ____ with Barbara. AA. could have stayedB. could stayC. would stayD. must have stayed27. -- Will you stay for lunch? (NEMT 1999-- Sorry, ____. My brother is coming to see me. BA. I mustn’tB. I can’tC. I needn’tD. I won’t28. -- Are you coming to Jeff’s party? (NEMT 2000-- I’m not sure. I ____ go to the concert instead. DA. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might29. -- Is John coming by train? (NEMT 2002-- He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving his car. DA. mustB. canC. needD. may30. -- I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. (北京 2002-- It ____ true because there was little snow there. CA. may not beB. won’t beC. couldn’t beD. mustn’t be31. A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially ata railway station. (NEMT 2003 BA. shouldB. canC. mustD. will32. I often see lights in the empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to police? (04广西 AA. shouldB. mayC. willD. can33. How ____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article? (上海 2003 AA. canB. mustC. needD. may34. You ____ be tired –you’ve only been working for an hour. (04吉林 CA. must notB. won’tC. can’tD. may not35. I’ve lost one of my gloves. I ____ it somewhere. (05北京 BA. must dropB. must have droppedC. must be droppingD. must have been dropped。

小学生英语助动词do、Be动词、情态动词的用法练习材料

小学生英语助动词do、Be动词、情态动词的用法练习材料助动词do的用法练练题一：1. 请将下列句子转化为否定句：- I like ice cream.- She plays the piano well.2. 请将下列句子转化为疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答：- We eat breakfast every day.- They study English in the evening.练题二：1. 请用助动词do填空，使句子完整：- __ you like chocolate?- I __ my homework yesterday.2. 请用助动词do回答下列问题：- __ you have a pet?- __ you wash the dishes after dinner?Be动词的用法练练题一：1. 请根据下列句子选择正确的Be动词形式填空：- I __ a student.- She __ my best friend.2. 请根据下列情景，回答相应的问题：- Q: What is your favorite color?A: __练题二：1. 请将下列句子改为否定句：- They are playing soccer.- He is eating lunch.2. 请将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答：- You are a student.- She is singing a song.情态动词的用法练练题一：1. 请根据下列情景，选择合适的情态动词填空：- _______ I go to the bathroom?- We _______ eat fruits and vegetables.2. 请用情态动词can改写下列句子：- I am able to swim.- They are able to finish the project.练题二：1. 请将下列句子改为否定句：- She must go to school.- He should eat vegetables.2. 请将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答：- We can play basketball.- You should study for the test.以上是关于小学生英语助动词do、Be动词、情态动词的用法练习材料，希望能帮到你！。

小学生英语助动词do、Is动词、情态动词的练习题目

小学生英语助动词do、Is动词、情态动词的练习题目动词do的练题1. 选择适当的词填空：- I __ my homework every day.- We __ our lunch at 12 o'clock.2. 根据句意写出动词do的正确形式：- They __ their chores on the weekends.- He __ his homework after school.- The students __ their exercises in the classroom.3. 连词成句：- you / your homework / Did / do?- do / they / their chores / When?动词is的练题1. 填入is或is not：- She __ happy.- They __ at home.- It __ a cat.2. 根据句意填入动词is的正确形式：- The dog __ in the garden.- The flowers __ beautiful.- This book __ mine.3. 连词成句：- is / it / What?- happy / you / Are?情态动词的练题1. 选择适当的情态动词填空：- I __ go to the park with you.- You __ eat too much candy.- He __ play the piano very well.2. 根据句意填入合适的情态动词：- __ I use your pencil?- She __ speak French fluently.3. 连词成句：- can / Can / swim / you?- must / We / study / hard.以上是关于小学生英语助动词do、Is动词、情态动词的练题目。

请根据题目要求填写正确答案，并通过练提高语言能力和理解能力。

小学生英语助动词do、Is动词、情态动词的用法练习

小学生英语助动词do、Is动词、情态动词的用法练习一、助动词do的用法助动词do是英语中常用的动词之一，用于构成疑问句、否定句和强调句等。

以下是do的用法示例：1. 构成疑问句：- Do you like ice cream?- Does he play soccer?2. 构成否定句：- I do not have a pet.- She does not watch TV.3. 强调句中的使用：- I do love chocolate!- He does like to swim.二、Is动词的用法Is动词是be动词的第三人称单数形式，常用于描述第三人称单数的状态和特征。

下面是is的用法示例：1. 描述第三人称单数的状态和特征：- She is a doctor.- He is tall and handsome.2. 表示存在：- There is a book on the table.- There is a cat in the garden.三、情态动词的用法情态动词（Modal Verbs）在英语中表达情态、推测、可能性、许可和能力等意义。

常见的情态动词包括can、could、may、might、shall、should、will、would、must等。

以下是情态动词的用法示例：1. 表示能力与许可：- Can I go to the restroom?- You must finish your homework.2. 表示推测和可能性：- It may rain tomorrow.- They might arrive late.3. 表示建议和义务：- You should eat more vegetables.- We must be on time for the meeting.请根据上述用法示例，完成下面的练题。

练题：根据句意，选择适当的助动词do、Is动词或情态动词填空。

高考英语语法助动词及情态动词

ⅡAuxiliary & modal verbsExercise 1: Multiple Choice1 I have lost one of my gloves. I _______it somewhere.A. must dropB. must have droppedC. must be droppingD. must have been dropped2 The boy spent as much time watching TV as he _______studying.A. doesB. hadC. wasD. did3 I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A. shouldn’tB. couldn’tC. mustn’tD. needn’t4 When he was there, he _______go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.A. wouldB. shouldC. had betterD. might5 —Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away?—Thank you. _______.A. It couldn’t be betterB. Of course you canC. If you likeD. It’s up to you.6 He _______to meet us at the station, but didn’t see us.A. did goB. did wentC. goesD. had gone7 You _______be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour.A. must notB. won’tC. can’tD. may not8 Mary keeps talking about the party. She had a very good time, _______ she?A. hadn’tB. hadC. didn’tD. did9 —Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock. _______i go out and play with Tom for a while?—No, I’m afraid not. Besides, It’s raining outside now.A. Can’tB. Wouldn’tC. May notD. Won’t10 It’s wonderful that you _______have achieved so much in these years.A. mayB. canC. shouldD. would11 I _______pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Saturday.A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. could12 I’d be glad if you _______give me an account of the fact.A. shallB. shouldC. wouldD. may13 —Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?—No, it _______be him—I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.A. can’tB. must notC. won’tD. may not14 You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______not like the design of the furniture.A. mustB. shallC. mayD. need15 How _______you say you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?A. canB. mustC. needD. may16—Why! I _______get you on the phone.—We _______basketball on the playground when you phoned.A. didn’t; must be playingB. couldn’t; must be playingC. couldn’t; must have playedD. didn’t/must have been playing17 Often, when he _______something that _______him, he wasted his time drawing some little pictures.A. should be doing; gaveB. should have been doing; was givenC. should do; was givenD. should have been doing; had given18 If I ever decided to quit, then nothing my parents or my coaches ___________say_________change my mind. It’s my life, not theirs.A. could; wouldB. could; shouldC. would; mustD. would; should19 Jenny _______with him at that time, for I was having dinner with her in my home.A. can’t have beenB. mustn’t have beenC. must have beenD. may have been20 —Who _______it be at this hour of a day?A. mayB. canC. mustD. should21 —Who told you the news?—I don’t remember clearly. It _______Mary.—It _______Mary. She doesn’t know it.A. may have been; can’t beB. can be; mustn’t beC. must have been; can’t have beenD. may have been; may not be22 He _______have completed his work, otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.A. shouldB. mustC. wouldn’tD. can’t23 Some aspects of a pilot’s job_______be boring, and pilots often _______work at inconvenient hours.A. can; have toB. may; canC. have to; mayD. ought to; must24 As you worked late yesterday, you _______have come this morning.A. needn’tB. mayn’tC. can’tD. mustn’t25 Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we _______during the day.A. should have doneB. would have doneC. may have doneD. must have done26 Tom, you _______leave all your clothes on the floor like this.A. wouldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. may not27 My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he_______your lecture.A. could n’t have attendedB. needn’t have attendedC. mustn’t have attendedD. shouldn’t have attended28 If I _______plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to travel as much as possible.A. wouldB. couldC. has toD. ought to29 —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.—Oh, dear! She _______a lot of difficulties.A. may go throughB. might go throughC. ought to have gone throughD. must have gone through30 Mr. White _______at 8:30 for the meeting, bu t he didn’t show up.A. should have arrivedB. should arriveC. should have had arrivedD. should be arriving31 ----Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.----Well. He _____ have gone far---his coat’s still here.A. shouldn’tB. mustn’tC. can’tD. wouldn’t32 There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You _____ come, but why didn’t you?A. must haveB. shouldC. need haveD. ought to have33 —I don’t mind telling you what I know.—You _______. I’m not asking for it.A. mustn’tB. may notC. cantD. needn’t34 Mary _______my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.A. has receivedB. ought to have receivedC. couldn’t have receivedD. shouldn’t have received35 Carey didn’t go to the party last night because she _______the b aby for her sister until 9:30.A. must have looked afterB. would have to look afterC. had to look afterD. should have looked after36 My pain _______ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you fee lingall right?”A. must beB. hadC. must have beenD. had to be37 As it turned out to be a small house party, we _______ so formally.A. needn’t dress upB. did not need have dressed upC. did not need dress upD. needn’t have dressed up38 The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _____ be very slow.A. shouldB. mustC. willD. can39 Mary is very late, she _____.A. may miss her trainB. may have missed her trai nC. must miss her trainD. could miss her train40 —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.—You _______her last week.A. ought to tellB. would have toldC. must tellD. should have told41 Some women _______a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decide not to work for the sake of the family.A. must makeB. should have madeC. would makeD. could have made42 You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would43 How _____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?A. canB. mustC. needD. may44 I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.A. should have been doingB. must have been doingC. could have doneD. would have done45 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _____ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A. should have takenB. could have takenC. needn’t have takenD. mustn’t have taken46 There __________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A. mustn’tB. shan’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t47 Tom, you _____leave all your clothes on the floor like this!A. wouldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. may not48 A left-luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A. shouldB. canC. mustD. will49 He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.A. couldB. wouldC. mustD. need50 Has it been warned that all the children in this area ____ stay at their homes until the Bird Flu has been controlled?A. canB. willC. mayD. shallExercise 2: Error-Correction1 That small country at one time must be prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.2 In a way I agree with you, but I think you could present your argument in a much better way.3 I regret having left the work unfinished I should plan everything ahead carefully4 A piece of evidence shows that life may exist on earth ago.5 I got up early but I didn't need to do so, because I had no work to do that morning.6 He knew that she mustn't have taken the book as she hadn't been in the house at that time.7 Tom has been knocked down by a car. He shouldn’t run across the street without looking around, you8 Judging by the noise that is coming from their room, I think that they must have a party.9 No statement was issued after yesterday’s talk, but it is thought that the two parties might be reaching an agreement.10 She mustn’t have been to Shanghai for business trip for I c ame across him in company half an hour ago. Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into English1 电话正在响,但是没人接听。

小学生英语助动词did、Be动词、情态动词的用法练习

小学生英语助动词did、Be动词、情态动词的用法练习助动词did的用法助动词did是表示过去的简单式动词，用于否定句、疑问句和强调句中。

下面是一些关于助动词did的用法例子：1.肯定句：___.（昨天我做了我的作业。

）1.肯定句：___.（昨天我做了我的作业。

）2.否定句：She did not go to the park last weekend.（上个周末她没有去公园。

）3.疑问句：Did they watch a movie last night?（他们昨晚看电影了吗？）3.疑问句：Did they watch a movie last night?（他们昨晚看电影了吗？）3.疑问句：Did they watch a movie last night?（他们昨晚看电影了吗？）4.强调句：I did finish my project on time!（我真的按时完成了我的项目！）4.强调句：I did finish my project on time!（我真的按时完成了我的项目！）4.强调句：I did finish my project on time!（我真的按时完成了我的项目！）Be动词的用法Be动词是表示状态、性质、身份和存在等的动词，包括am、is、are、was和were。

下面是一些关于Be动词的用法例子：1.肯定句：___ a ___.（他是一名老师。

）1.肯定句：___ a ___.（他是一名老师。

）2.否定句：I am not tired.（我不累。

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英语助动词和情态动词及练习一、概述不同的时态（一般式、进形式、完成式、将来式），不同的语态（主动、被动），不同的语气（祈使、陈述、虚拟），不同的结构（肯定、否定、疑问），以及说话者本身的态度或命令、请求、愿望、可能等，所有这些都要借助于助动词和情态动词表达出来。

助动词一般没有词意，不能单独作谓语动词，除非省略句中。

他们只参加时态、语态、语气或否定、疑问结构。

情态动词有词义，可以用来表示说话者的语气和态度。

主要的助动词和情态动词如下表：二、助动词助动词一般没有词意，不能单独作谓语动词。

其作用在于帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定、疑问等。

1、助动词be（am, is, are, was, were, being, been）的用法（1） be后跟现在分词构成进行时态。

Who is playing the violin?谁在拉小提琴？She was reading a book then.那时她正在读书。

（2）be后跟过去分词构成被动语态。

He was asked to do the work.有人要他干这件工作。

You are invited to attend the meetintg.有人邀请你参加会议。

（3）be 后跟不定式作谓语，有如下几种情况：①表示计划、安排将要发生的事。

Who are we to meet?我们要见谁呀？I'm to have supper with John this afternoon.今天下午我要与约翰一起吃晚饭。

②表示指示、命令，否定式表禁止。

You are to see the headmaster today.今天你必须去见校长。

You are not to enter the room without permission.未经允许你不能进入房间。

③表示义务、责任等，同should。

You are to be back before 5.你得在5点钟以前回来。

What is to be done?该干什么。

④表示可能性，与情态动词may, can同义。

Such books are to be found in any library.这种书任何图书馆都有。

Not a sound was to be heard.一点声响也没有。

⑤表示后来发生的事，可以用来表示命运或注定They say good-bye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.他们告别了，没想到再也不能相见了。

He was to regret the decision.他有一天会后悔做出这一决定的。

⑥用于习语Where am I to go? 我该向何处去？What am I to do? 我该怎么办？2、助动词have(has, had, having)的用法（1）助动词have可以构成完成时或完成进行时He has been a doctor for 10 years.他当医生十年了。

This is the place I have been longing to visit.这就是我一直渴望参观的地方。

（2）和不定式构成谓语，表示客观上不得不做的事情。

We've missed the train. We'll have to wait for another one.我们己经误了火车，我们只能等下一列。

-Do we have to start work?我们得立刻工作吗？-No. We don't have to.不，不必了。

3、do(does, did) 的用法（1）构成疑问句或否定句How did you know about it?你是怎样知道这件事的。

He does not smoke. 他不抽烟。

（2）加强语气。

He did tell that.他的确告诉了此事。

Do come and see us.一定来看我们。

（3）代替前面刚出现的动词，避免重复。

-You like popular music, don't you?你喜欢流行音乐，是吧？-Yes , I do.是的，我喜欢。

He speaks French as fluently as she does.他讲法语和她讲的一样流利。

（4）用于倒装句中。

Never did he pay attention to my words.他从不注意我的话。

Only then did I understand the importance of English.只是那时，我才了解到英语的重要性。

（5）构成否定的祈使句。

Don't be so careless.不要那么粗心。

Do not hesitate to come for help.只管来求助。

4、shall(should)和will(would) 的用法（1）shall(should)用于第一人称的将来时中，单纯表示来I shall think it over.我要好好考虑一下。

When shall I see you again?我何时再见到你？I rang up to tell her that I should leave for London. 我打电话告诉她我要去伦敦。

（2）will用于第二、第三人称的将来时态中，在现代英语中可以用于所有人称He will be 30 next month. 他下月将是30岁。

You will have an English test tomorrow.明天你有英语小测验。

He wanted to know when you would finish the writing.他想知道你何时完成写作。

三、情态动词1、情态动词的特征情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，认为“可能、应当、必要”等等，但本身意义不完全，不能单独作谓语，必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。

除ought, used, have后跟不定式外，其他情态动词一律跟动词原形。

情态动词主要有：can/could, may/might, must, ought to, used to, need, dare, shall/should, will/would, have to等。

2、情态动词的变化形式（1）没有人称和数的变化。

I can /we can/ you can he can/she can/they can/it canJohnny, you mustn’t play with the knife, you may hurt yourself.约翰，你不能玩刀，那可能会伤着你。

A left luggage office is a place where bags can be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.行李寄存处特别是在火车站短时间存放包的地方。

He ought to know her address.他该知道她的地址。

（2）大部分情态动词有过去式：can-could may-might need-needed dare-dared shall-should will-would– Is John coming by train?约翰坐火车来吗？– He should, but he may not. He likes driving his car.应该是，他有可能不乘坐火车。

他喜欢开车。

- Are you coming to Jeff's party?你来参加Jeff的聚会吗？- I'm not sure. I might go to the concert instead. 我不敢肯定，我可能去参加音乐会。

（3）少部分情态动词没过去式或者说过去式与原形相同，used to 只有过去式形式。

must-must(had to) ought to -ought toI used to go there.我(以前)常到那里去。

You must be tired after your long journey. 你走了这么远的路，一定很累。

（4）大多数情态动词后面还可跟动词的进行时、完成时和被动式形式：can/may/must+ be doing/have done/be doneshould/would/might+be doing/have done/be doneHe must have earned a large sum of money.他一定是挣了一笔巨款。

You mustn’t always be talking so much.你不能总是说起来没完没了。

3、否定式和疑问式情态动词的否定式和疑问式同助动词。

否定式是在情态动词后加not；疑问式是将情态动词提前到主语的前面。

-Will you stay for lunch? 你留下来吃午饭好吗？-Sorry, I can’t. My brother is coming to see me. 对不起，我不能（留下来吃午饭），我兄弟要来看我。

May I ask you a question?我可以问你一个问题吗？I was really anxious about you. You shouldn’t have left home without a word. 你真急死我了。

你不该一句话也不说就离开家。

注意：have to 的疑问和否定是借助于do来构成。

Do you have to go out today?今天你得出去吗？He doesn’t have to go.他没必要去。

四、情态动词的基本用法1、can和could（1）表能力①意为“能够会”，表示体力或脑力等方面的能力Some of us can use the computer now , but we couldn't ten years ago.现在我们一些人能用计算机了，但十年前我们不能。

Can you ride a bike?你能骑自行车吗？What can I do for you?我能为你做点什么？I could run faster then. 我那时能跑得更快一些。

②当can和could表示能力时，有时可以用be able to替换，could表过去，can表现在，有时也可表将来，但不能与will, shall等助动词连用；be able to可以用于将来、完成等时态。

She hasn't been able t o come to school for three days.她已经三天没能来上学了。