阅读理解--主旨大意,
阅读理解主旨大意题(讲解版)
阅读理解主旨大意题【命题分析】主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占1-2个。
◆主旨大意题的分类1.从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
2.考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4.常以main idea,best idea,subject,mainly discuss等词提问。
◆常考问题：1.中心思想类The main point/idea of the passageis…The passageis mainly about…The passagemainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…？Which of the following statements best expressesthe main idea of the passage?2.标题类Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passagewould be…3.目的类The author’ｓmain purpose in writing the passageis to…The passageis meant to…．In writing this passage,the author mainly intends to…【名师指导】文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1.中心主题句出现在文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。
阅读理解技巧之主旨大意
阅读理解技巧之主旨大意阅读理解是指通过对文章内容的理解，把握文章的主旨大意。
掌握阅读理解技巧对于提高阅读理解能力至关重要。
本文将介绍几种常用的主旨大意把握技巧，帮助读者更好地理解和掌握文章的核心思想。
一、整体把握法整体把握法是指在阅读文章时，从整体上理解文章的主旨大意。
在这种方法中，读者需要在阅读之初对文章的主题有一个初步的了解，然后通过阅读全文来整体把握文章的主要内容和核心观点。
通过这种方法，读者可以较为准确地把握文章的主题和作者的写作意图。
二、段落关联法段落关联法是指根据段落之间的逻辑关系，把握文章的主旨大意。
在这种方法中，读者需要通过分析段落之间的衔接词、逻辑连接词等关键词语，来理解段落之间的转折、因果、并列等关系。
通过把握这些关系，读者可以将各个段落的细节信息整合起来，进而把握文章的主要观点。
三、关键词提取法关键词提取法是指根据文章中出现的关键词或关键短语，来抓住文章的主旨大意。
在阅读过程中，读者需要灵活运用技巧，留意文章中的关键词，尤其是出现频率较高的关键词，从而揭示出文章的核心思想。
通过提取关键词，读者可以更加准确地理解文章的主要观点。
四、上下文推断法上下文推断法是指通过上下文的语境信息，来推断文章的主旨大意。
在阅读过程中，读者需要充分利用上下文所提供的信息，包括前文和后文的内容，以及段落中的例子、解释等，从而推理出文章的主题和重点。
通过上下文推断法，读者可以更好地理解文章的内涵意义。
五、标题预测法标题预测法是指在阅读之前，根据文章的段落标题和文章开头的概括句，预测文章的主旨大意。
在这种方法中，读者需要通过概括句和段落标题，快速了解文章的主题和核心内容，然后在阅读文章时，不断核对和修正自己的预测，从而逐渐把握文章的主要思想。
综上所述，掌握阅读理解技巧对于准确把握文章的主旨大意非常重要。
通过整体把握法、段落关联法、关键词提取法、上下文推断法和标题预测法等技巧，读者可以更好地理解和把握文章的核心思想，提高阅读理解能力。
高考复习(英语)专项练习：(阅读理解)主旨大意题——文章大意类【含答案及解析】
考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类A(2021·山东烟台一模)The paper, published in May by the Journal of Marketing Research, analysed purchases made from a single large European retailer and found that free shipping did encourage customers to buy more. But it also increased purchases of items that historically have higher return rates, such as clothing or products from lesser-known brands. Thus, returns also increased as a result of the promotions, to the point where profits were erased.In one part of the paper, during the typically four-week periods when free shipping was offered, online order volumes rose 11%. But when the cost of returns was compared with the sales proceeds(收入), the authors calculated that on balance the results for the promotion periods amounted to an average 0.7% loss.In one analysis that ran for two months, the researchers found that the return rate for customers who bought low-risk products—like office supplies, or products from well-known brands—averaged about 22%.In another analysis, the researchers attempted to better understand motivations of online shoppers by measuring their attitudes towards free shipping. They found two things were happening. First, consumers saw free shipping as compensation for taking a risk on a product. Second, feelings of gratitude for having shipping costs eliminated(消除) made them happy and thus more willing to make a risky purchase.Prof.Neslin advises companies to look at whether their own free-shipping promotions are profitable before they launch such campaigns. Also, he advises companies to identify which products get returned more often than others and try to provide customers with more information about those products, so they can make more informed choices.1.What erased the profits according to the first paragraph?A.The risky customers.B.The European retailer.C.The returned items.D.The lesser-known brands.2.What can we learn from the passage?A.Consumers risked purchasing a product when free shipping came along with it.B.Free shipping encouraged customers to buy products from well-known brands.C.Online order volumes rose only when free shipping was offered as compensation.D.Purchases of office supplies also increased during the typically four-week periods.3.What is the passage mainly about?A.Low-risk products.B.Return rates.C.Increased purchases.D.Free shipping.B(2021·湖北黄冈高三4月模拟)An advance in electronic publishing could make the e-book you are reading seem as dated as a silent film. Publishers hope to explore the growing success of e-books by releasing versions with added soundtracks(电影原声音乐) and musical accompaniments.The noise in the first multimedia books—released in Britain—include the rain hitting a window in a Sherlock Holmes tale. When the plot of a book reaches the most exciting part, background scores will create tension.Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for e-books and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noise will ruin the simple pleasure of having the imagination stimulated by reading.Caroline Michel, chief executive of the literary agency, said the new generation of computer-literate readers was used to multiple sensory input. She said,“Young people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time. If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.”Booktrack’s sound effects work by estimating the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack becomes out of sync(同步), a click on any word will reset it.Some authors fear that a soundtrack could destroy the peace and quiet of libraries and ruin the pleasure of reading. David Nicholls, author of Our Day, the best-seller now released as a film, said, “This sounds like the opposite of reading. I have enough trouble reading an e-book because I’m constantly distracted by emails.”Stuart MacBride sells 18% of his books as electronic downloads. He said,“If I’m reading, I will do the noise in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what teacups clinking sounds like. That would irritate me.”4.What do publishers expect an e-book soundtrack to do?A.Help to release an e-book as a film.B.Help readers improve reading speed.C.Add tension at a book’s exciting point.D.Get readers familiar with the background.5.Who is in favour of added soundtracks for e-books?A.Sherlock Holmes.B.Caroline Michel.C.David Nicholls.D.Stuart MacBride.6.What do we know about Stuart MacBride?A.He was a person who was easy to get angry.B.He knew a great deal of tea.C.Eighty-two percent of his books described crime.D.He imagined sounds related to the story when reading.7.What’s the main idea of the passage?A.Opinions about e-books with soundtracks.B.Response to the need of the book market.C.Reasons for traditional e-books becoming outdated.D.Suggestions on encouraging readers’ imagination.C(2021·湖南长郡十五校高三联考)For most people, graduation is an exciting day of the celebration of years of hard work. My graduation day was not.I remember that weekend two years ago. Family and friends had flown in from across the country to attend the celebration. But just like everyone else in my class, I had watched the economy turn from bad to worse. What I thought would take a week dragged into two, and then four, and 100 job applications later, I found myself in the exact same spot as I was before. And the due date to begin paying back my student loan was drawing closer.You know that feeling when you wake up in fear? That feeling became a constant in my life. Days felt like weeks, weeks like months. And the most frustrating part was no matter how much I tried, I just couldn’t seem to make any progress.So what did I do to maintain my sanity(理智)? I decided to write. Something about putting words on a page made everything seem a little clearer—a little brighter. Something about writing gave me hope. And if you want something badly enough, sometimes a little hope is all you need! So I put my thoughts into a children’s book. And then one day, without any sort of writing degree or contacts in the writing world—just a lot of hard work and perseverance—I was offered a publishing contract for my first book! After that, things slowly began to fall into place. I was offered a second book deal. Then, a few months later, I got an interview and was hired shortly.The moral of this story is... don’t give up. Even if things look bleak now, don’t give up. If you work hard, things will always get better. Oftentimes all we need is the courage to overcome difficulties.8.From paragraph 2, we can learn that the author probably .A.was having an exciting graduationB.was getting into financial difficultiesC.missed the life in the universityD.had just applied for the student loan9.How did the author change the frustrating situation?A.By sending applications.B.By offering contracts.C.By keeping writing.D.By publishing books.10.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “bleak” in the last paragraph?A.Unattractive.B.Hopeless.C.Thrilling.D.Promising.11.What is the passage mainly about?A.Success belongs to the persevering.B.A contented mind is a permanent feast.C.A smooth sea never makes a skillful mariner.D.Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
高中英语阅读理解题型之主旨大意题
高中英语阅读理解题型之主旨大意题阅读理解——主旨大意题的解题方法。
主旨大意题是阅读理解中要求较高，难度较大的题型之一，是很能体现试题区分度的题型。
主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的大意，标题或写作目的设题。
这类题目考查的范围是：基本论点，文章标题、主题或段落大意等。
它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题Ⅰ. 主旨大意题题型特点和命题形式设题类型：概括中心思想（main idea）型；确定文章标题或主题（topic / title/ headline）型；问文章的写作目的（purpose）.常见的设题方式：The main idea / The general idea / The main theme of this passage is ______.The passage chiefly deals with / focuses on _____.Which of the following best describes / expresses the main idea / point of the passage?What is mainly discussed in the passage /text?What is the topic of the passage?The best title / headline for the passage might be ______.The text /passage could be entitled______.Which / What could be the best title for the passage？The main purpose of the passage is probably to tell ______.The author is primarily concerned with _______.Ⅱ. 主旨大意题的解题技巧做主旨大意题常用略读法。
英语阅读理解中主旨大意题的答题技巧
英语阅读理解中主旨大意题的答题技巧一、考查方向这种综合概括类题目的一般范闱是：根本论点、文章标题、主题和段落大意，主要是测试考生阅读理解的根本能力，考查学生在语言水平上对文章的整体把握：能否分辨主题与细节：能否具有综合、概括、归纳和分析问题的能力。
这类题目一般有以下几种提问方式：这类题目一般有以下几种提问方式：(―)中心思想类1.The main idea / general idea of the passage is。
2.The text is mainly about。
3.This passage mainly tells us。
4.What is the topic of the text？5.What does the first / second / last paragraph discuss？6.The passage (The third paragraph) deals with。
7.Which of the following best summarizes the passage？(二)标题类1.The best title / headline for the passage would be。
2.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？3.What is the best title for the passage？(三)写作意图类1.What is the purpose of the passage？2.The passage is trying to。
3.The author writes this passage in order to。
4.Tlie purpose of the passage is to。
5.The passage is written for。
二、中心思想与标题之间的差异A title is an identifying name given to a book， film， play， composition or other work。
阅读理解中的主旨大意题解题思路
阅读理解中的主旨大意题解题思路阅读理解中的主旨大意题是考察考生对文章主题和中心思想的理解
能力。
解答此类题目，需要阅读者通过对文章的整体理解和细节把握，确定文章的中心思想或主题。
下面是解答主旨大意题的一般思路。
1. 全文理解法
全文理解法是最直接的方法，通过通读全文，了解文章内容的总体
概况和主要论点，可以帮助我们捕捉到文章的主要中心思想。
这种方
法适合对篇幅较短的文章进行解答。
2. 首尾呼应法
既然主旨大意是整篇文章的中心思想，那么通常会在文章的开头或
结尾部分进行暗示。
我们可以通过关注文章的开头和结尾，并注意其
中论点的呼应和延伸，来确定文章的主旨大意。
3. 重点把握法
在阅读文章过程中，关注作者的观点陈述和细节描述，以及出现的
关键词汇、论证思路等，这些都是找寻文章主旨大意的关键信息。
通
过抓住文章的重点内容，我们可以更加准确地把握文章的主题和中心
思想。
4. 段落主题法
文章通常会由多个段落组成，每个段落都有自己的主题。
通过分析
每个段落的主题，并把握段落之间的逻辑关系，可以从整体上把握文
章的中心思想。
5. 题干引导法
有时候，题干中会明确要求考生回答文章的主题或中心思想，我们
可以通过题目中给出的关键词来回溯文章，找到相关的信息，从而确
定文章的主旨大意。
总之，解答主旨大意题的关键在于对整篇文章进行全面理解和细致
分析。
考生需要通过充分掌握文章的结构、论点、观点和细节等要素，以及灵活运用各种解题思路，来准确把握文章的中心思想。
高考备考阅读理解专题-主旨大意
2013高考备考阅读理解专题---主旨大意正确理解一篇文章，关键是要抓住文章的主旨大意。
主旨大意题主要是考查考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题、标题或目的设题。
凡是问主题( subject)或文章大意(the main idea)或段落大意、标题(the best title)、写作意图(the purpose, the aim)的题目都属于此类。
常见的主旨大意设问形式有：一、主旨大意题常见设问方式1. 主题型题(1) The main idea of paragraph 1 is . (2) Paragraph 2 deals with .(3) Which of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph?(1)What is the subject discussed in the text? (2)What’s the topic of the article?(3)What does the passage mainly talk about? (4) The passage mainly discusses _________.(5) Which of the following statements can best summarize the main idea of the passage?2. 标题型题(1)The best title/headline for this passage might be _____. (2)The text (passage) could be entitled _____.(3)Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage?3. 目的型题(1) The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is _______.(2)The passage is meant to _______. (3) The purpose of this article is _______.二、解题技巧I. 寻主题句，确定主旨大意对考查段落或文章主旨大意类的题型，可采用寻觅主题句的方式来解题。
阅读理解专项——主旨大意题课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
plastic products. 主题句 概括了本文的主要内容
故选D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures 海洋塑料转化为雕塑
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,”…
3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式
(1) The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that . (2) What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with? (3) Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph one? (4) What’s the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?
可知，独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the
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主旨大意题的阅读理解题
主旨大意是全文或相关段落的概括和总结，主要考查学生在理解文章的基础上对全文的高度概括。
（1）Stepping into a pool of water is common enough, but who could ever imagine stepping into a pool of fish? In February of 1974, Bill Tapp, an Australian farmer, saw a rain of fish that covered his farm. How surprised he must have been when he heard many fish hitting against his roof!
What caused this strange occurrence? This is a question that had long puzzled people who study fish. The answer turned out to be a combination of wind and storm.
When it is spring in the northern part of the world . it is fall in Australia .Throughout the autumn season, terrible storms arise and huge vacuum cleaners , collecting seaweed, pieces of wood, and even schools of fish . Strong winds may carry these bits nature for many miles before vacuum dropping them on fields , houses, and astonished people.
What is this passage about?
A、A sad story
B、A rain of fish
C、Australian’s northern part
D、The damage done by floods
(2) Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining or increasing motivation. Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout , but we soon found that both the students and the teachers
lost interest by about halfway through the ten weeks. This led us to a major rethink, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.
What is the text mainly about?
A、Foreign students have more problems
B、There are many ways to improve English
C、Teaching should meet students’ needs
D、English learning problems should be studied again
(3) ….The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended. First, don’t let your pride get in your way. Most of us can forgive each other when differences are brought out in the open. Second, apologize when you’re wrong-even if you’ve been wronged. Over the course of a friendship, even the best people make mistakes. Sometimes, it may be best if the wronged person takes the lead and apologizes. When you apologize, give your friend a chance to admit that he has been wrong. Third, see things from your friend’s point of view. And finally……
What would be the best title for the text?
A、Easy Ways to Make Friends
B、Ups and Downs in Friendship
C、How to Mend a Trouble Friendship
D、How to Take the Lead in Making Friends。