D_2014-2015-高三下模拟考-控江中学
2022-2023学年上海市控江中学高三化学下学期期末试卷含解析
2022-2023学年上海市控江中学高三化学下学期期末试卷含解析一、单选题（本大题共15个小题，每小题4分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，共60分。
）1. 为使以面粉为原料的面包松软可口，通常用碳酸氢钠作发泡剂，因为它（）①热稳定性差②增加甜味③产生二氧化碳④提供钠离子A.②③B.①③C.①④D.③④参考答案：B略2. 下表中关于物质分类的正确组合是（）B【Ks5u解析】A.CO是不成盐氧化物，错误；C. Na2O2属于过氧化物，不是碱性氧化物，错误；D.NO2不属于酸性氧化物，选B。
3. 下列有关电解质溶液中微粒的物质的量浓度关系正确的是A．在0.1 mol·L—1NaHCO3溶液中：c(Na＋)＞c(HCO3—)＞c(CO32—)＞c(H2CO3)B．在0.1 mol·L—1Na2CO3溶液中：c(OH—)—c(H＋)＝c(HCO3—)＋2c(H2CO3)C．向0.2 mol·L—1NaHCO3溶液中加入等体积0.1 mol·L—1NaOH溶液：c(CO32—)＞c(HCO3—)＞c(OH—)＞c(H＋)D．常温下，CH3COONa和CH3COOH混合溶液[pH＝7，c(Na＋)＝0.1 mol·L—1]：c(Na＋)＝c(CH3COO—)＞c(CH3COOH)＞c(H＋)＝c(OH—)参考答案：BD略4. 下图是金属镁和卤素反应的能量变化图(反应物和产物均为298 K时的稳定状态)。
下列选项中不正确的是A．Mg与F2反应的△S<0B．MgF2(s)+Br2(l)==MgBr2(s)+F2(g)△H=+600kJ·mol-1C．MgBr2与Cl2反应的△H<0D．化合物的热稳定顺序：MgI2>MgBr2>MgCl-2>MgF2参考答案：DA、Mg与F2反应生成了固体MgF2，气体参加反应，生成物只有固体，故△S<0，正确；B、Mg（s）+F2（l）=MgF2（s）△H=-1124kJ/mol，Mg（s）+Br2（l）=MgBr2（s）△H=-524kJ/mol，将第二个方程式与第一方程式相减得MgF2（s）+Br2（L）=MgBr2（s）+F2（g）；△H=+600kJ?mol-1，故正确。
2015年上海杨浦区控江中学高三月考试卷(含答案)
2015年上海市杨浦区控江中学高三月考考试卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary (26’)Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that fits each blank. (16’)(A)It is a particularly useful time for America to reflect on those who 25_____ (sacrifice) so much for our freedom. When I first 26____ (speak) at West Point in 2009, we still had more than 100,000 troops in Iraq. We ____27___(prepare)to surge in Afghanistan. Our counterterrorism efforts 28____ (focus) on al-Qaida’s core leadership -- those who had carried out the 9/11 attacks. And our nation was just beginning a long climb out of the worst economic crisis.Four and a half years later, as you graduate, the landscape has changed. We 29____(remove)our troops from Iraq. We are winding down our war in Afghanistan. Al-Qaida’s leadership on the border region between Pakistan and Afghanistan has been decimated, and Osama bin Laden is no more.Meanwhile, our economy30_____( remain) the most dynamic on Earth, our businesses the most innovative. Each year, we grow more energy independent. But the world 31____(change)with accelerating speed. This presents opportunity, but also new dangers.It will be your generation’s task to respond to this new world. The question we face, the question each of you will face, is not whether America__32___ (lead) but how we will lead, not just to secure our peace and prosperity but also extend peace and prosperity around the globe.(B)Many kinds of music can stir the imagination and produce strong feeling. For some people, romantic composers such as Chopin and Tchaikovsky enhance feelings of love and sympathy. Religious and spiritual music ___33___ help some people feel peace or lessen their pain. But one musician seems to have a unique ability of healing(治愈) the human body – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Scientists have found Mozart’s music to be remarkable in its ability 34____ (calm) its listeners. It can also increase their perceptions, and help them express themselves more clearly.Many amazing cases have been documented using Mozart 35____ a healing aid. For example, a tiny premature baby 36______ (name) Kissy, who weighed just 1.5 pounds at birth, was on total life support. Doctors thought she had little chance of survival. Her mother insisted on playing Mozart for Krissy, and thought 37_____ saved her daughter’s life. Krissy lived, __38___ she was very small for her age and slower than the average child. At the age of four, she showed an interest in music and her parents gave her violin lessons.39_____ their astonishment, Krissy was able to play musical pieces from memory that were far beyond the ability of an average four-year-old. __40___ (play) music helped her improve in all areas of her life.Section BDirections: complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.(10’)A. procedureB. originalC. occasionsD. inheritedE. characteristicsF. rootedG. singleH. involvesI. occurringJ. identifyingK. separateGenes are found in every plant or animal cell. They are the basic units of life that are capable of passing specific 72_______from one generation to another. For example, whether you are tall or short depends upon the genes that you 73______from your parents. Cloning plants or animals is a process that 74_______ the production of a new organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which cells were taken. Although this 75_____ has aroused great interest around the world over the last ten years or so, cloning is not something new in nature. Most mothers give birth to just one child at a time; however, on rare 76_______a mother may give birth to a set of twins. If these two children are identical twins, then they are in fact naturally 77________clones of each other, although not of the parents. The reason for them being clones is that the two children originated from one 78______egg and consequently they are genetically identical. Twins that develop from two79________eggs are not clones of each other.Cloning also occurs naturally in plants. Strawberry plants reproduce themselves by sending out runners, or modified stems, and these runners take root a short distance from the 80_____ plant and start to grow, and to produce fruit. In time, this plant sends out runners of its own that also take root. This is known as asexual reproduction; in other words, reproduction that does not involve the fusion (融合) of male and female cells. The newly 81____ plants are clones of the original. In addition to strawberry plants, certain types of flowers and grasses reproduce themselves in the same way. Throughout history, people have also facilitated cloning by taking small cuttings from plants and then growing them into new plants. This form of cloning is called vegetative propagation.III. Reading Comprehension (47’)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(15’)Robert Frank, an economist at Cornell, believes that his profession is restricting cooperation and generosity. In the U.S., economics professors give __51__ money to charity than professors in other fields. Economics students in Germany are more likely than those from other majors to recommend an overpriced plumber (水管工) when they are __52__ to do it. Economics majors tend to rate __53_ as “generally good,” “correct,” and “moral” more than their peers. Does studying economics change people? Maybe not. It could be self-selection: students who already believe in self-interest are __54__ to economics. But this doesn't exclude the possibility that studying economics pushes people further toward the selfish extreme. By spending time with like-minded people, economics students may become __55__ that selfishness is widespread and reasonable -- or at least that giving is rare and foolish.“As a business school professor, these effects worry me, as economics, __56__ every aspect of our lives, is taught widely in businessschools, providing a __57__ for courses in management, finance, and accounting.” says Frank.If economics can __58_ pro-social behavior, which is central to the well-being of people or society, what should we do about it? A change in economics and business __59__ is suggested. Courses in behavioral economics, which considers the role of “social preferences” like __60__, fairness and cooperation, are required for students of economics major. In fact, economics courses not involving some behavioral economics are considered both an inadequate education and a poor preparation to be a practicing economist. Also, __61_ width, economics majors are required to take courses in social sciences like sociology and psychology, which place considerable emphasis on how people are __62__ about others, not only themselves. __63__, within economics courses, we should do a better job __64__ the principle of self-interest, which involves anything a person values -- including helping others. Not until then may the prophecy (预言) by Nobel Prize-winning economist and philosopher Amartya Sen be __65__. Calling economists “rational fools,” he observed: “The purely economic man is indeed close to being a social fool.”51. A. fewer B. less C. smaller D. more52. A. encouraged B. requested C. assigned D. paid53. A. teamwork B. greed C. desire D. economics54. A. opposed B. entitled C. drawn D. attached55. A. convinced B. depressed C. relaxed D. doubtful56. A. depending on B. adapting to C. differing from D. doubtful57. A. potential B. judgment C. foundation D. doubtful58. A. assess B. research C. discourage D. reason59. A. education B. standard C. approach D. cause60. A. competition B. evaluation C. community D. application61. A. in case of B. in terms of C. in relation to D. generosity62. A. concerned B. anxious C. curious D. in need of63. A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. enthusiastic64. A. claiming B. defining C. overlooking D. recalling65. A. broken B. predicted C. challenged D. fulfilledSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I used to think of myself as a fairly cosmopolitan（全球的）sort of person, but my bookshelves told a different story as my literature collection mainly consisted of British and American titles. Worse still, I hardly ever read anything in translation. My reading was limited to stories by English-speaking authors.So, at the start of 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country in a year to find out what I was missing.With no idea how to go about this, thinking that I was unlikely to find books from nearly 200 nations from my local bookshop, I de cided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World, appealing for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the world were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books from their home countries. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers sent me unpublished translations of their novels, giving me a rare opportunity to read works otherwise unavailable to the 62% of British people who only speak English. Even with such support, however, sourcing books was no easy task.Tracking down stories in some unfamiliar places even took as much time as the reading and blogging. It was hard to fit it all in around work and many were the nights when I sat bleary-eyed (睡眼惺忪的) into the small hours to make sure I stuck to my target of reading one book every 1.87 days.Still，one by one, the country names on the list made at the start of the year transformed into vital, exciting places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. Lands that had once seemed exotic became familiar to me – places I could identify with. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.66. What help did the writer receive to achieve his goal?A. Some writers sent him their original works.B. The local bookstore provided books from 200 nations even if it was unlikely.C. Some writers did research work on what books are popular.D. Some people mailed books from their own countries.67. In order to accomplish his goal, the writer did the following except ______.A. asking for help from all over the worldB. making full use of his leisure time after workC. reading until early next morningD. appealing to writers to send him new books68. What does the word "exotic" in the last paragraph most probably mean?A. Unrealistic.B. Uncivilized.C. Strange.D. Unimaginable.69. Which of the following best describe the writer’s experience in the year?A. Original but tiringB. Hard but relaxingC. Busy but fruitfulD. Helpful but challenging(B)Villa d'Este, Tivoli (Italy) - Official Site Useful InformationCall Center 199766166Number to dial from all of Italy for pre-sales and reservations for: tickets, guided tours, school groups, instructional visits.Bookings from abroad: email: villadestetivoli@ fax: 0039 0412770747 telephone: 0039 0412719036Visiting Hours: Opening 8.30 – closed one hour before sunset.The ticket office closes one hour before the closing of the monument.The hydraulic organ of the Organ Fountain is active daily, from 10.30 am, every two hours.The Fontana della Civetta functions daily, from 10.00 am, every two hours.Ticket Prices:(from May 17 to October 20, 2013)Full ticket (exhibition + villa and gardens, not divisible): € 11. Reduced ticket: € 7.These prices will be valid during the daytime openings of the Villa until the closure of the exhibition, due on the 20th of October, 2013 (From the 22nd of October, 2013)Full ticket: € 8Reduced ticket: € 4These fares may vary in conjunction with exhibitions set inside the Villa.The right to purchase reduced price tickets belongs to all citizens of the European Union between the ages of 18 and 24 as well as permanent teachers of state schools (upon presentation of identity documents).School Visits:Reservations are required. The management of Villa d'Este, in the aim of preserving the monument and better distributing the flow of students, has limited the number of students allowed into the Villa to 100 students per hour. Should any school group arrive at the Villa without having made a reservation, it will be admitted to the Villa according to space availability at a particular time and asked to wait until such space becomes available. Right of Reservation cost: € 1, 00.Notices:Certain areas of the villa may be closed for restoration: for information inquire at the ticket office.Please pay particular attention to the areas marked with signs indicating danger (in Italian: pericolo).70. Which of the following statement is not true?A. Villa d'Este is closed at night.B. Ticket prices are usually higher than usual when there happens to be an exhibition.C. Tourist are not allowed to enter areas marked with signs “pericolo”D. Visitors can buy reduced tickets as long as they take a reservation.71. The receptionist at the ticket office may recommend you to see ______ first, if you arrive at10.25 am.A. the exhibition inside the villaB. the Organ FountainC. the gardensD. the Fontana della Civetta72. How can a visiting Chinese professor of architecture in Rome make a booking?A. By dialing 199766166.B. By writing an email to villadestetivoli@.C. By calling 0039 0412719036.D. By sending a fax to 0039 0412770747.73. Why are reservations essential for school visits?A. Reservations are more economical.B. Reservations enable as many students as possible to visit the monument.C. Reservations ensure a pleasant visit for students and a manageable one for the Villa.D. Reservation fees can help preserve the site.(C)Have you ever seen harmful robots refuse to die, no matter how fiercely people fight back? As is known, it is always the case in some of the scariest science fiction.Now, science fiction has changed into science fact. For the first time, researchers have created a robotic machine that can stand a beating and keep on walking. Developed by scientists from CornellUniversity and the University of Vermont, the new robot looks like a spider with four legs. Until now, even the most advanced robot was almost certain to break down when damaged. That’s because its inside computer simply doesn’t know how to operate the machine after its shape has changed.To get around this problem, the spidery robot’s developers equipped their invention with eight motors and two sensors that read how the machine is tilting(倾斜). The motors and sensors all provide electrical signals to the machine’s software.Using this information, the system follows a new procedure to figure out the machine’s shape at any given moment. The program chooses from among 100,000 possible arrangements of parts.From there, the computer considers a wide variety of possible next steps, and it calculates how best to move the robot forward the longest possible distance, before trying to move again.“The new strategy is a major advance in robotics”, Professor Skehan, a scientist in Cornell University says, “and it’s far from scary.” The technology may someday help researchers create better artificial arms and legs that give new freedom to people who lack them. The new knowledge might also help scientists understand how people and animals figure out their own sense of place in space.“Designing robots that can adapt to changing environments and can compensate(补偿) for damage has been a difficult pro blem,” says neuroscientist Olaf Sporns of Indiana University in Bloomington. “This work provides a new way toward solving this important problem.”74. The purpose of the author to write this article is to ________.A. introduce a new robot that will not dieB. discuss science fiction and new inventionC. recommend the latest inventionD. explain the relationship between robot and medicine75. It can be learnt from the passage that ________.A. animals have no sense of place in spaceB. people have difficulty in figuring out how to get to his destinationC. scientists don’t understand people’s ability of locationD. scientists want to know where people and animals are going76. What’s the most important characteristic of the new robot?A. Its shape is like a spider with four legs.B. It can repair itself and move again after damaged.C. It is operated by its inside computer.D. It is certain to change the direction when damaged.77. We can infer from the view of Professor Skehan that ________.A. the new technology will help people have a better sense of spaceB. the new technology will help people grow new arms and legsC. designing robots can help to be adaptable to the changing of the environmentD. the new technology will have some medical benefitsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.With 26 British prime ministers, 58 Nobel prize winners, over 150 Olympic medals and a "notable alumni" list that reads like a historical hall of fame, the institutions of Oxford and Cambridge – collectively known as Oxbridge – are seen, by many, as the dream alma mater(母校). However, as admission season dawns, and the October 15 deadline for Oxbridge inches ever closer, many students may wonder what makes the UK's top two institutions so special. Why does Oxbridge symbolize the academic dream for so many? Do the universities deserve the reputation they hold in the minds of so many teenagers, parents and academics?There is no doubt that both Oxford and Cambridge have a long standing history of academia. Yet, what is often overlooked is the strong reputation of countless other universities in the UK.A simple click on Google can tell students that the London School of Economics and Political Sciences, for example, has over 18 Nobel Prize winners and 50 world leaders. University College London attracts students from 150 countries and has exchange and research links with nearly 300 overseas universities. Manchester University has the largest student union of all UK universities and boasts alumni such as Niels Bohr and James Chadwick.I suddenly realized the Oxbridge effect when I was out in London with friends. I met some new people and was surprised by their reaction when I told them I was going to study at Cambridge. One person even got down on one knee and kissed my hand.From then on, I told people I was going on a gap year. Although I knew that Oxbridge provides a good education, I had never expected to get such extreme reactions. It was this that made me start to feel uncomfortable about the way that Oxbridge is viewed.The Cambridge Tab, the university's student newspaper, has argued that what makes Cambridge special is the fact that the students are told that they are unique and a cut above the rest, so they believe it. Ron Weasley never took the Felix Felicis potion that Harry Potter pretended to give him – all he had to do to win the Quidditch match was to believe he was great.For students applying now, yes, you will receive a world class education at Oxbridge, but you will find the same at numerous other universities throughout the country. Every time you hear about the brilliance of Oxbridge, consider that just because many believe, it does not have to be so.78. The examples of the London School of Economics and Political Sciences, University College London and Manchester University serve to illustrate the point that ______________in the UK. 79. According to the passage, we can find that people ___________________ the students at the Oxbridge.80. How did the writer avoid over-reaction from people to her admission into Cambridge?______________________________________________________________________81. What is the writer’s suggestion to students applying to universities?_______________________________________________________________________I．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets.82.要不了多久，他们就会同意我们出版这本针对年龄为6-12岁孩子的书了。
上海市控江中学2014学年度第一学期高二化学期中考试试卷(含答案)
控江中学2014学年度第一学期高二化学期中考试试题出卷：夏昕校对：孙雨竹日期：2014年10月相对原子质量：H—1 O—16 Na—23 Al—27 S—32 Cl—35.5 Fe—56 Cu—64 Ba—137一、选择题（每题只有1个正确答案，选对得2分，共40分）1．下列物质中属于纯净物的是A．硬铝B．盐酸C．漂粉精D．明矾2．下列物质中，不属于合金的是A．不锈钢B．黄铜C．生铁D．水银3．从人类利用金属的历史看，先是青铜器时代，后是铁器时代，而铝的利用只是近百年的事，造成这个先后顺序事实的最主要因素是A．金属的导电性B．金属的延展性C．地壳中金属元素的含量D．金属冶炼的难易程度4．金属原子一般具有的结构．．特点是A．有金属光泽，能导电，有延展性B．最外层电子个数少，容易失去C．熔点和沸点较低D．核外电子个数少，容易失去5．在常温下，可用铁制容器存放或用铝槽车运输的溶液是A．稀硫酸B．稀硝酸C．浓硝酸D．硫酸铜溶液6．下列离子在酸性溶液中能够大量共存的是A．CO32—B．Al3+C．AlO2—D．HCO3—7．实验室用氯化铝溶液制取氢氧化铝，应选用的最佳试剂是A．澄清石灰水B．氢氧化钠溶液C．氨水D．氧化钠8．金属铝及其合金广泛用于电气工业和飞机制造业等领域，属于铝的化学性质的是A．具有延展性B．能与NaOH溶液反应C．具有导电性D．相对密度为2.7g/cm39．下列化学反应中，能得到单质铁的是A．FeS2在空气中煅烧B．Fe(OH)3固体加热C．FeCl3溶液中加入Cu粉D．CO还原灼热的Fe2O310．元素性质呈周期性变化的原因是A．相对原子质量逐渐增大B．核电荷数逐渐增大C．核外电子排布呈周期性变化D．元素的化合价呈周期性变化11．下列有关元素周期表的描述中不正确的是A．第七周期叫不完全周期B．族有两类：主族和副族C．有18个列16个族D．金属元素位于表的左下部12．在第ⅦA族元素的卤化氢中，最容易分解成单质的是A．HI B．HBr C．HCl D．HF13．某短周期的非金属元素，其原子核外最外层电子数是内层电子数的一半，则此非金属元素在元素周期表中的位置是A．第二周期第IA族B．第三周期第IV A族C．第二周期第V A族D．第三周期第V A族14．下列叙述正确的是A．N、O、F元素非金属性依次减弱B．Na、Mg、Al元素最高化合价依次升高C．Na、Li、K原子的电子层数依次增多D．P、Cl、S元素最高价氧化物对应的水化物酸性依次增强15.右图表示1~18号元素（原子）的结构或性质随核电荷数递增的变化。
上海市控江中学高三化学月考试卷含解析
上海市控江中学高三化学月考试卷含解析一、单选题（本大题共15个小题，每小题4分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，共60分。
）1. 下列实验对应的结论不正确的是A．①能组成Zn-Cu原电池 B．②能证明非金属性Cl＞C＞SiC．③能说明2NO2N2O4 △H＜0 D．④中自色沉淀为BaSO4参考答案：B试题分析：A、该装置可以构成Zn、Cu、硫酸铜原电池，故A正确；B、根据实验可以得出酸的酸性顺序是：盐酸＞碳酸＞硅酸，可以证明非金属性C＞Si，但是不能证明Cl＞C，因为不是氯元素的最高价含氧酸，故B错误；C、把盛有二氧化氮气体的圆底烧瓶放在冷水浴中，颜色变浅，则平衡正向移动，放在热水中，颜色加深，则平衡逆向移动，说明2NO2N2O4△H＜0，故C正确；D、硝酸钡中通入二氧化硫后，存在的硝酸可以将亚硫酸根氧化为硫酸根而产生硫酸钡白色沉淀，故D正确，故选B。
考点：考查化学实验方案的评价2. 运用有关概念判断下列说法正确的是A．NH4Cl中有离子键，是离子化合物B．46g C2H5OH燃烧放出的热量为乙醇的燃烧热C．互为同系物D．绿色化学的核心是应用化学原理对环境污染进行治理参考答案：A46g C2H5OH燃烧时的产物是否是最稳定的物质，未作说明，故B不正确；是酚类，是烃类，两者不是同系物，C错误；绿色化学核心是从源头控制，避免产生污染，D错误。
3. 下列实验操作能够达到实验目的的是A．从溴水中提纯单质溴的方法是：先用CCl4萃取，分液后再蒸馏B．取少量溶液X，向其中加入适量新制氯水，再加几滴KSCN溶液，溶液变红，说明X 溶液中一定含有Fe2＋C．用盛NaOH溶液的洗气瓶除去CO2中混有的HCl气体D．在实验室里，用澄清的石灰水和氯化铵溶液混合制取氨气参考答案：A略4. 下列画有横线的物质在反应中不能完全消耗的是A．将含少量CO2的CO气体通入盛有足量Na2O2的密闭容器中，并不断用电火花引燃B．将l mol Mg置于10 L空气(标况)中，使之在高温下反应C．标准状况下，将11.2L H2S与22.4L O2混合点燃D．在强光持续照射下，向过量的Ca(ClO)2的悬浊液中通入少量CO2参考答案：D略5. 复印机实际上是一种静电印刷电器，它通过可重复使用的光感器进行工作，在复印机附近会闻到一种特殊气味，离复印机越近气味越浓，若用湿润的KI淀粉试纸检验，则试纸变成蓝色，该气体可能为A、 B、 C、 D、参考答案：B6. 实验室用酸碱中和滴定的方法测定某未知浓度的NaOH溶液的浓度，实验数据如下表：滴定次数待测NaOH溶液的体积（mL）0.1000mol/L标准盐酸的体积（mL）滴定前刻度V1滴定后刻度V2120.000.2121.72 220.000.0221.74 320.000.2221.73下列说法中不正确的是A．滴定曲线可用右图中的曲线b来表示B．该NaOH溶液的物质的量浓度为0.1079mol/LC．该滴定实验可选用酚酞作指示剂D．若量取NaOH溶液时开始仰视，后来平视，则测定结果会偏高参考答案：B7. 下列有关胶体的说法错误的是（）A．实验室常用渗析的方法对胶体提纯B．硅酸胶体中逐滴加入氢氧化钠溶液，先有沉淀生成再看到沉淀溶解C．所有的胶体均能发生电泳D．由于土壤胶粒带负电，因此使用NH4+的肥效比NO3-高参考答案：略8. 天然气和液化石油气（主要成分为C3~C5的烷烃）燃烧的化学方程式分别为： CH4+ 2O2CO2+ 2H2O，C 3H8+ 5O2 3CO2+4H2O现有一套以天然气为燃料的灶具，今改用液化石油气，应采取的正确措施是（） A．增大空气进入量或减小石油气进入量B．减小空气进入量，增大石油气进入量C．减小空气进入量，减小石油气进入量D．减小空气进入量或增大石油气进入量参考答案：A略9. 已知：2KMnO4＋16HCl===2KCl＋2MnCl2＋5Cl2↑＋8H2O；Cl2＋2FeCl2===2FeCl3；2KI＋2FeCl3===2KCl＋I2＋2FeCl2。
2024届上海市控江中学高三第五次月检测试题生物试题含解析
2024届上海市控江中学高三第五次月检测试题生物试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
一、选择题(本大题共7小题,每小题6分,共42分。
)1．如图是人体内葡萄糖转化成脂肪的部分过程示意图。
下列有关叙述不正确的是()A．长期偏爱高糖膳食的人，图示过程会加强而导致体内脂肪积累B．细胞质基质中有催化过程①的酶，该过程会产生少量[H]和ATPC．酒精是过程②产生的二碳化合物之一D．在糖尿病患者体内，图示过程减弱，脂肪分解增加2．下列关于稀释涂布平板法和平板划线法的叙述，不正确的是（）A．接种用具都需要进行严格灭菌B．都只用于固体培养基接种C．接种培养后都能获得单个菌落D．都可以用于微生物的计数3．中国赛罕坝林场建设者荣获2017年联合国环保最高荣誉—“地球卫士奖”。
塞罕坝曾被称作“千里松林”，但由于过度采伐，成为荒原。
经林场建设者们的设计和努力创造了荒原变林海的奇迹。
2019年，中国“蚂蚁森林”项目再获此殊荣。
下列说法错误的是（）A．生态系统的自我调节能力是有一定限度的B．对森林采用科学合理的间伐，可提高其恢复力稳定性C．生态环境问题具有全球性，需要全人类的关注和合作D．人类活动往往会使群落演替按照不同于自然演替的速度和方向进行4．下列对实验的相关叙述，正确的是（）A．观察植物细胞有丝分裂实验，染色后用盐酸使细胞彼此分离，观察到的都是死细胞B．放射性同位素标记法不能用于追踪细胞内的物质代谢途径C．将用15N标记DNA的大肠杆菌培养在普通（14N）培养基中，两次分裂后，提取大肠杆菌DNA，经密度梯度离心，有一条中带，一条轻带，说明DNA复制方式是半保留复制D．用35S标记的噬菌体去感染未标记的大肠杆菌，短时间保温、离心后获得的上清液中放射性很高，说明DNA是遗传物质5．下列有关家庭制作苹果醋的操作错误的是（）A．选取成熟度高的苹果洗净榨汁B．向苹果汁中加入适量蔗糖和抗生素C．碗中加少量米酒敞口静置，取表面菌膜D．醋酸发酵阶段每隔一段时间进行搅拌6．下列关于人口与环境的叙述，正确的是（）A．人口应在低出生率和低死亡率的基础上保持平衡B．酸雨是指由碳和硫的氧化物引起pH低于7的降水C．温室效应使全球气候变暖，可增大人类的宜居区域D．地球升温的主要原因是臭氧层使地球的俘获热增加7．下列选项中不符合含量关系“c=a+b，且a>b”的是A．a非必需氨基酸种类、b必需氨基酸种类、c人体蛋白质的氨基酸种类B．a各细胞器的膜面积、b细胞核的膜面积、c生物膜系统的膜面积C．a线粒体的内膜面积、b线粒体的外膜面积、c线粒体膜面积D．a叶肉细胞的自由水、b叶肉细胞的结合水、c叶肉细胞总含水量8．（10分）细胞在进行有丝分裂时，细胞中的姐妹染色单体均附着于纺锤丝上，这称为双定向作用。
上海市杨浦区控江中学2024年高三下学期第四次适应性训练物理试题
上海市杨浦区控江中学2024年高三下学期第四次适应性训练物理试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、根据所学知识分析，下列说法中正确的是（ ）A ．布朗运动就是热运动B ．有液体和气体才能发生扩散现象C ．太空飞船中水滴呈球形，是液体表面张力作用的结果D ．分子间相互作用的引力和斥力的合力一定随分子间的距离增大而减小2、电容为C 的平行板电容器竖直放置，正对面积为S ，两极板间距为d ，充电完成后两极板之间电压为U ，断开电路，两极板正对区域视为匀强电场，其具有的电场能可表示为2p 12E CU =。
如果用外力使平行板电容器的两个极板间距缓慢变为2d ，下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．电容变为原来的两倍B ．电场强度大小变为原来的一半C ．电场能变为原来的两倍D ．外力做的功大于电场能的增加量 3、2019年8月11日超强台风“利奇马”登陆青岛，导致部分高层建筑顶部的广告牌损毁。
台风“利奇马”登陆时的最大风力为11级，最大风速为30m/s 。
某高层建筑顶部广告牌的尺寸为：高5m 、宽20m ，空气密度ρ=1.2kg/m 3，空气吹到广告牌上后速度瞬间减为0，则该广告牌受到的最大风力约为A ．3.9×103NB ．1.2×105NC ．1.0×104ND ．9.0×l04N4、2019年4月10日，事件视界望远镜（EHT ）项目团队发布了人类历史上的首张黑洞照片，我国科学家也参与其中做出了巨大贡献。
经典的“黑洞”理论认为，当恒星收缩到一定程度时，会变成密度非常大的天体，这种天体的逃逸速度非常大，大到光从旁边经过时都不能逃逸，也就是其第二宇宙速度大于等于光速，此时该天体就变成了一个黑洞。
上海控江中学中考第二次模拟考试化学试卷
上海控江中学中考第二次模拟考试化学试卷一、选择题（培优题较难）1．可燃物R是C、H2、CH4、CO或CH4O中的一种。
将一定量的R和氧气置于一个密闭的容器中引燃，测得反应前后各物质的质量如下表：物质R氧气二氧化碳水一氧化碳反应前质量/g m1m2000反应后质量/g00m3m4m5下列叙述正确的是（）①m1=1/9m4时，R是H2②m1+m2=m3时，R是C或CO③ m3:m4=11:9时，R是CH4或CH4O④8m3/11+8m4/9+4m5/7≥m2A．①②③B．①③④C．②③④D．①②③④【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】根据表格中的数据可知，R、氧气反应后质量变为0，是反应物；二氧化碳、水、一氧化碳反应前的质量是0，是生成物，要确定R是哪种物质，生成物是什么，就要通过反应前后质量的关系来进行确定。
①氢气燃烧生成水，化学方程式为2H2 + O2点燃 2H2O，其中氢气与水的质量比为1:9，正确；②碳或一氧化碳完全燃烧生成二氧化碳，反应前后物质的质量不变，此时m1+m2=m3，正确；③甲烷燃烧生成二氧化碳与水，化学方程式为CH4 + 2O2点燃CO2 + 2H2O，其中二氧化碳与水的质量比为11:9；甲醇燃烧生成二氧化碳与水，化学方程式为2CH4O+ 3O2点燃2CO2 + 4H2O，其中二氧化碳与水的质量比为11:9；通过分析可知，当m3:m4=11:9时，R是CH4或CH4O，正确；④反应前后元素的种类不变，如果反应后生成二氧化碳、水、一氧化碳这三种物质，则R 中一定含有碳、氢元素，可能含有氧元素，生成物中的氧元素的质量大于或等于氧气的质量。
二氧化碳中氧元素的质量为m3××100%=8m3/11，水中氧元素的质量为m4××100%=8m4/9，一氧化碳中氧元素的质量为m5××100%=4m5/7，通过分析可知，8m3/11+8m4/9+4m5/7≥m2 ，正确。
高高考数学控江中学高三下半学期毕业考
7.若对任意正实数 ,不等式 恒成立,则实数 的最小值为________.
8.对于抛物线 ,设直线 过 的焦点 ,且 与 的轴的夹角为 .若 被 所截得的弦长为 ,则抛物线 的焦点到顶点的距离为________.
9.如图,在四棱锥 中,底面 是边长为 的正方形, 平面 .若 ,则直线 与平面 所成的角的大小为________.
(2)试判断函数 在 内零点的个数,并说明理由.
22.(本题满分16分,其中第1小题5分,第2小题5分,第3小题6分).
如图,在平面直角坐标系 中,过 轴正方向上一点 任作一直线,与抛物线 相交于 两点,一条垂直于 轴的直线分别与线段 和直线 交于点 .
(1)若 ,求 的值;
(2)若 为线段 的中点,求证:直线 与该抛物线有且仅有一个公共点.
(1)若 ,求 的值;
(2)若 点的横坐标为 ,求 .
20.(本题满分14分,其中第1小题6分,第2小题8长度单位为米),其中储油罐的中间为圆柱形,左右两端均为半球形, ( 为圆柱的高, 为球的半径, ).假设该储油罐的建造费用仅与其表面积有关.已知圆柱形部分每平方米建造费用为 千元,半球形部分每平方米建造费用为 千元.设该储油罐的建造费用为 千元.
.—(7分)
设 在 上,且满足 .
,故直线 的方程为 ,而 .—(9分)
故 ,与 联立得 ,故直线 与该抛物线有且仅有一个公共点.—(10分)
(3)设 ,这里 ,由(2)知过 的与 有且仅有一个公共点的斜率存在的直线必为 .
与 相交,得 .—(12分)
故 . ,所以 .与 联立,得 ,即 ,故 .—(14分)
(A)存在某个位置,使得直线 和直线 垂直
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1
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-3-
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m )， 2
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B．焦在点 y 轴上的椭圆 D．焦点在 y 轴上的双曲线
18．已知 y f ( x) 是定义域为 R 的单调函数，且 x1 x2 , 1, 若 | f ( x1 ) f ( x2 ) || f ( ) f ( ) | ，则（ （A） 0 （B） 0 ） （C） 0 1
（2）若函数 f ( x) 的定义域为 D (0,
3
) ，求函数 f(x)的值域.
20.（本题满分 14 分，第 1 小题满分 8 分，第 2 小题满分 6 分. 如图，已知 PA 平面 ABC ， AC AB ， AP BC 2 ， CBA 30 , D , E 分别是 P BC , AP 的中点. （1）求异面直线 AC 与 ED 所成的角的大小； （2）求 PDE 绕直线 PA 旋转一周所构成的旋转体的体积. ， ， E
3 | cos最高点从左到右依次记为
P1 , P3 , P5 , , 函数 y f ( x) 图象与 x 轴的交点从左到右依次记为 P2 , P4 , P6 , , 设
S n P1 P2 P2 P3 ( P2 P3 P3 P4 ) 2 ( P3 P4 P4 P5 ) 3 ( P4 P5 P5 P6 ) 4 ( Pn Pn 1 Pn 1 Pn 2 ) n ,则
3．不等式 log 4．若 sin x
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． （结果用反三角函数表示）
1 3 ， x , ，则 x 3 2 2
5．方程 | lg x | x 3 0 实数解的个数________________ 6. 在极坐标系中，直线 (2 cos sin ) 2 与直线 cos 1 的夹角大小为 7．若多面体的各个顶点都在同一球面上,则称这个多面 体内接于球.如图，设长方体 ABCD A1 B1C1 D1 内接 于球 O ，且 AB BC 2 ， AA1 2 2 ，则 A 、 B 两点之间的球面距离为____________. 8.已知 x 是 1 、 2 、 x 、 4 、 5 这五个数据的中位数，又知 1 、 5 、 平均数为 3 ，则 x y 最小值为_________ 9、设 x a1 ( x 4) a2 ( x 2) a3 ( x 4) a4 ( x 2) a5 ( x 4) a6 , 其中
a1 , a2 , , a6 均为实数, 则 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 ________. 35 a11 a12 a13 10.在三行三列的方阵 a21 a22 a23 中有 9 个数 aij (i 1，，；，， 2 3 j 1 2 3) , 从中任取三 a 31 a32 a33
B1
2 3
1 、 y 这四个数据的 x
8.已知 x 是 1 、 2 、 x 、 4 、 5 这五个数据的中位数，又知 1 、 5 、 平均数为 3 ，则 x y 最小值为_________. 10
5 5 4 3
1 2
2
9、设 x a1 ( x 4) a2 ( x 2) a3 ( x 4) a4 ( x 2) a5 ( x 4) a6 , 其中
x1 x2 x x1 ， , 2 1 1
（D） 1
-2-
三．解答题. 19． （本题满分 12 分，每小题各 6 分） 已知函数 f (x) sin
x x x cos 3 cos 2 ． 3 3 3
（1）将 f(x)写成 A sin(x ) h （ A 0 ）的形式，并求其图像对称中心的横坐标；
H 是否共圆，若共圆，求出圆心坐标和半径；若不共圆，请
A a1 a2 x a3 x 2 ..... an x n 1 ，则称数 A 可以表示成 x 进制形式，简记为：
A x ~ (a1 )(a2 )(a3 ).....(an 1 )(an ) 。如： A 2 ~ (1)(3)(2)(1) ，则表示 A 是一个 2 进制
形式的数，且 A 1 3 2 ( 2) 2 1 2 ＝5.
2 3
（1）已知 m (1 2 x)(1 3 x ) （其中 x 0) ，试将 m 表示成 x 进制的简记形式.
2
（2）若数列 {an } 满足 a1 2 ， ak 1
1 ,k N*， 1 ak
2015 年上海市高考数学模拟卷
20150520 一.填空题(每小题 4 分。共 56 分) 1.函数 y
2 x 的定义域为 ______________ . x
2 0 x 2 2．若 1 3 ，则 x y __________. y 7
1 3
。 arccos
2 5 5
A
D
C B C1
7．若多面体的各个顶点都在同一球面上,则称这个多面 体内接于球.如图，设长方体 ABCD A1 B1C1 D1 内接 于球 O ，且 AB BC 2 ， AA1 2 2 ，则 A 、 B 两点之间的球面距离为____________.
D1 A1 O
m )， 2
(m 0, n 0) ，则按定义的对应法则
f ，当点 P 在线段 AB 上从点 A(4,0) 开始
运动到点 B (0,4) 时，可得到 P 的对应点 Q 的相应轨迹，记为曲线
E ，则曲线
E 上的点与线段 AB 上的点之间的最小距离为
13.已知函数 f ( x)
__________
1 2 3 n
n 1
n
dn . d n 1
-4-
2015 年上海市高中数学模拟试卷（答案） 一.填空题(每小题 4 分。共 56 分) 1.函数 y
201505
2 x 的定义域为 ______________ . ( ,0) (0,2] x
2 0 x 2 2．若 1 3 ，则 x y _____1_______. y 7
a1 , d , 15．等差数列 {a n } 的前 n 项和为 S n , 当变化时若
各数中也为定值的是（ A．S13 ） B．S15
a2 a8 a11 是一个定值，那么下列
C．S7
D．S8
16．已知集合 A {z bi z bi z 2 0, b R , z C} ， B {z z 1, z C} ，若
A B ，则 b 的取值范围是（
A． 1,1
） C． 1,0 0,1
1,1 B．
1,0 0,1 D．
17．已知 为三角形的一个内角，且 sin cos （ ） A．焦点在 x 轴上的椭圆 C．焦点在 x 轴上的双曲线
2 的直线 l 交曲线 C 于 M 、N 两点，且满足 2
OM ON OH 0 ，又点 H 关于原点 O 的对称点为点 G ，
①求点 H , G 的坐标； ②试问四点 M 、、、 G N 说明理由． 23. (本题满分 18 分，第 1 小题 4 分，第 2 小题 8 分，第 3 小题 6 分) 我们规定：对于任意实数 A ，若存在数列 {an } 和实数 x( x 0) ，使得
lim
n
Sn ________ . 1 (2) n
bn ， 14．把 an 4n 1 中所有能被 3 或 5 整除的数删去，剩下的数自小到大排成一个数列
则 b2013 _____________ 二．选择题（每小题 5 分，共 20 分）
A
B
C
D
21． （本题满分 14 分，第 1 小题 6 分，第 2 小题 8 分） 已知函数 f ( x) 3 k (k 为常数)， A( 2k , 2) 是函数 y f
x
1
( x) 图像上的点．
（1）求实数 k 的值及函数 y f （2）将 y f
1
1
( x) 的解析式；
3．不等式 log 4．若 sin x
1 1 0 的解集为___________（1，2） 2 1 x
． （结果用反三角函数表示）