2019届上海高三英语二模汇编--完形填空(学生版)
2019届高三英语二模汇编——完形填空1、2019黄浦二模Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How comfortable are you around water? Are you a strong swimmer or do you struggle to keep your head above water? Are you comfortable venturing into the deeper water or do you prefer to move into shallow water where the bottom is 41 ?Most people expose themselves to water and swimming situations according to their 42 levels of skill and comfort. The same might be true as you assess your comfort level with different academic environments 43 a good college “fit”. Just as you might study a body of water to figure out its temperature, depth and current before venturing in, you need to 44 the difficulties, pace and depth of an academic environment —and your ability to keep your “head above water” if admitted—before deciding to apply.When looking at academic difficulties as a(n) 45 of “fit”, you are likely to find that you have the capacity to “get the job done” academically in a range of college environments．46 , you are not likely to have difficulty with the “water” itself. You will fit best, however, at colleges and universities where your ability and preparation enable you to rise to new levels of 47 .Your goal should be to find academic environments where your levels of ability and preparation will enable you to achieve well as you stretch yourself 48 . These places represent appropriate “bodies of water” for you academically.The best 49 of comprehension regarding your preparedness to meet the academic requirements of various colleges and universities are your high school teachers. Because they are very familiar with your capabilities, your teachers can offer 50 help in identifying the colleges where you will find the best academic programs for you.Assuming you are able to find appropriate environments academically, you then need to assess the 51 of your school reports for admission to those colleges. How does your academic record (grades and test scores) pile up against those of other students who will be 52 , most (about 90%) of whom are just like you in that they can do the work too?You need to be honest in 53 this part of the picture, especially if you are considering colleges that can be highly selective and tend to admit very small percentages of the students who apply. A lot of students get in over their heads competitively when they fail to consider the real odds of gaining admission. While you might feel you are a 54 candidate at schools that can be very choosy, the reality is that you need to be in the top 25 percent of applicant pools at such schools to have a fighting chance of being admitted. By the way, you don’t 55 your chances of getting into at least one such school by applying to a dozen of them!41. A. tough B. mysterious C. visible D. different42. A. explosive B. respective C. potential D. reasonable43. A. on behalf of B. in the place of C. in case of D. in search of44. A. observe B. overcome C. investigate D. complete45. A. indication B. implication C. innovation D. intention46. A. In addition B. In other words C. By comparison D. By contrast47. A. continent B. contribution C. challenge D. conscience48. A. considerately B. traditionally C. influentially D. intellectually49. A. sources B. origins C. concerns D. demands50. A. continuous B. invaluable C. powerless D. unforgettable51. A. reliability B. alternative C. competitiveness D. recommendation52. A. applying B. considering C. comparing D. persisting53. A. appreciating B. assessing C. presenting D. comprehending54. A. flexible B. positive C. feasible D. progressive55. A. grasp B. change C. create D. increase2、2019普陀二模From Selling Books to Selling LifeCharing Cross Street is the most famous bookstore street in London. From the largest female bookstore in Europe to the first detective novel store in Europe, from independent bookstores to large chain ones, (41) ___________, it is a scenic spot worth visiting over and over again. The 84 Charing Cross Street, (42) ___________ as the Love Bible, tells the story of the New York woman writer Helene Hanff and the London bookseller Frank Percy Doel. It has been (43) ___________ into dozens of languages. Broadcasting, stage plays, and movies continue to interpret this friendship based on books. Charing Cross Street has thus become a (44) ____________ landmark in London, attracting many literary enthusiasts and tourists with its unique literary charm.However, today’s situation is no longer the same. With the closing of a number of chain bookstores, some independent bookstores have begun to think about how to (45) ____________ the British literary tradition with dignity. Recently, British book agents, writers, bookshop operators and other groups gathered here to explore the (46) ___________ model of the future bookstore.Judging from the current business model, those who can survive are completing the (47) ____________ from selling books to selling life. Perhaps the literary lifestyle of the British, which is deep into the bone, should be considered as the most (48) ___________ secrets. As the largest independent bookstore in the United Kingdom, Waterstone is currently undergoing design changes by LDS, a British architectural firm. Architect Alex said they (49) __________ improving customer experience and planned to build multiple space. “We will have some small rooms full of books, like private study rooms, in which one can discuss his works with the author.” The focus of the future physical bookstore is on creating an atmosphere. (50) __________, bars and cafes are an essential part of the bookstore. Booksellers and authors generally believe that bookstores must develop in the direction of a cultural (51) ___________ so that people come here for a lot of money, attending concerts, watching movies, or participating in discussions.Some writers say that physical bookstores can (52) ___________ their business beyond selling books and provide cultural services to customers. Other writers believe that bookstores can (53) __________ a membership system. (54) ___________ discounts, members are given the opportunity to attend lectures, literary gatherings and meetings with authors, and corresponding membership activities are (55) __________ for children and students, and visiting bookstores has become part of the daily lives of more people as a cultural leisure method.41. A. no kidding B. no doubt C. no way D. no problem42. A. known B. selected C. learned D. defined43. A. presented B. burst C. divided D. translated44. A. geographical B. academic C. cultural D. traditional45. A. discover B. research C. interpret D. continue46. A. survival B. material C. moral D. spiritual47. A. resolution B. connection C. transition D. question48. A. commercial B. confidential C. academic D. logic49. A. focused on B. relied on C. took on D. carried on50. A. Meanwhile B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Nevertheless51. A. value B. complex C. symbol D. identity52. A. expect B. explode C. expand D. explore53. A. adjust B. activate C. acquire D. adopt54. A. In addition to B. Instead of C. Except for D. Because of55. A. stimulated B. conducted C. resolved D. postponed3、2019徐汇二模Students in Caldwell, Idaho, can attend class in their pajamas（睡衣）! At Vallivue Virtual Academy, courses are taught online. Students work at home with parents, who serve as learning coaches. A certified teacher (41) _____ the students’ progress.The cyber school was (42) _____ as a free option for students in kindergarten through grade 8 who have trouble succeeding in the district’s (43) _____ public school. Supporters of the program say that virtual schools help students avoid the social pressures that can (44) _____ with learning. In addition, supporters argue, online courses provide kids with more focused (45) _____ and course options than they can get in a typical school.Not everyone gives cyber schools a passing grade, however. Some educators argue that online learning makes it hard for students to make friends. Many parents also feel that cyber schools put (46) _____ time demands on them because they have to oversee their kids’ daily work.Technology can benefit education, but it shouldn’t (47) _____ education. Students who go to virtual schools will miss many of the benefits of being in a real school.If kids attend school online, they will miss out on important social (48) _____. Payton Mcdonough, 13, a seventh grader from Glencoe, Ill., agrees. “I don’t know how I could sit at a computer all day without (49) _____ interacting with my peers and teachers,” he says.In addition, virtual schools don’t have enough structure. Students who take online courses can set their own schedules, which will cause problems for students who have trouble staying (50) _____.Furthermore, online schooling puts stress on parents because they have to (51) _____ what their kids do at home. Many parents have full–time jobs. How are they going to run their children’s education, (52) _____ in their jobs, and take care of their other responsibilities at home?Virtual schools will make it harder for students to learn and will put too much pressure on parents.Virtual learning does not need to replace classroom learning (53) _____, but it can help students work at their own pace. If students struggle with subjects, they can take those courses online and spend more time on them. Virtual schools can also offer students much more (54) _____ schedules. Students often handle extracurricular activities, sports, and schoolwork, and cyber schools could help them manage everything.Finally, attending virtual school can prepare students for college and for work after (55) _____. “We need to be responsible for working on our own,” says Angela Goscilo, a senior from Pound Ridge, N.Y. “We need to develop technology skills that will help us in whatever we do. Getting an early start is a good idea.”41. A. oversees B. suspected C. admitted D. predicted42. A. tolerated B. launched C. undergone D. transformed43. A. virtual B. superior C. traditional D. specialized44. A. agree B. put up C. go D. interfere45. A. attention B. definition C. foundation D. instruction46. A. unlimited B. uncivilized C. unrealistic D. unaffected47. A. turn to B. take over C. take in D. make up48. A. interactions B. education C. occupation D. identification49. A. actually B. presently C. naturally D. logically50. A. examined B. motivated C. exhausted D. represented51. A. compliment B. award C. supervise D. tempt52. A. negotiate B. innovate C. control D. excel53. A. entirely B. partially C. regularly D. purposely54. A. sustainable B. flexible C. relevant D. optimistic55. A. school B. study C. graduation D. education4、2019杨浦二模China and India Dominate the Greening of EarthOver the last two decades, the Earth has seen an increase in foliage (植物) around the planet, measured in average leaf area per year on plants and trees. Data from NASA satellites shows that China and India --two __41__ economies with the world's biggest populations -- are __42__ the increase in greening on land. The effect comes mostly from __43__ tree-planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.Researchers from Boston University found that global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s, an area __44__ to the entire Amazon rainforest. The study was also published in the journal Nature Sustainability on February 11. It revealed that at least 25 percent of the global foliage __45__ this century came in China."China and India __46__ one-third of the greening, but contain only nine percent of the planet's land area covered in vegetation," said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. "That is a surprising finding, considering the general idea of land degradation（退化）in populous countries from __47__."China's __48__ contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to conserve and expand forests, accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution. These programs were developed in an effort to __49__ the effects of air pollution, soil erosion and climate change.Another 32 percent of the greening change in China, and 82 percent in India, resulted from intensive __50__ of food crops. The land area used to grow crops in China and India has not changed much since the early 2000s. Yet both countries have greatly increased annual total green leaf area and food production in order to __51__ large populations.Rama Nemani, a research scientist at NASA's Ames Research Center, saw a(n) __52__ message in the new findings. "Once people realize there is a problem, they tend to fix it," he said. "In the 1970s and 80s in India and China, the situation around vegetation loss was not good. In the 1990s, people realized it, and today things have improved. Humans are __53__ resilient（复原快的，适应力强的）. That's what we see in the satellite data."__54__, the researchers rang bells as well. They pointed out that the gain in global greenness did not __55__ make up for the loss of natural vegetation in tropical regions like Brazil and Indonesia.41. A. emerging B. declining C. stimulating D. intruding42. A. imposing B. contributing C. leading D. creating43. A. fertile B. extreme C. harmonious D. ambitious44. A. distant B. equivalent C. relevant D. resistant45. A. expansion B. substitution C. innovation D. correction46. A. account for B. take in C. stand for D. consist of47. A. over-reaction B. over-exploitation C. over-generation D. over-explanation48. A. considerate B. tremendous C. magnificent D. irregular49. A. forbid B. investigate C. boost D. reduce50. A. cultivation B. demand C. destruction D. supply51. A. cut B. employ C. feed D. treat52. A. secret B. brief C. urgent D. positive53. A. continuously B. incredibly C. initially D. obviously54. A. Moreover B. Meanwhile C. However D. Therefore55. A. necessarily B. generally C. fortunately D. thoroughly5、2019崇明二模Lying in a Foreign Language Is EasierMost people don’t find it more difficult to lie in a foreign language than in their native tongue. However, things are different when telling the truth: This is clearly more difficult for many people in a foreign language than in their native one.This 41 conclusion is the result of a study conducted by two psychologists from the University of Würzburg: Kristina Suchotzki and Matthias Gamer. The two scientists presented their 42 in Journal of Experimental Psychology.Their findings could be important for a lot of processes in which the trustworthiness of certain people must be 43 . In such situations, reports by non-native speakers tend to be considered as less 44 even though they may be truthful. Their discovery also explains another 45 , namely that people communicating in a foreign language are generally considered as less trustworthy.There are two research 46 to predict differences between deception and truth telling in a native compared to a second language.Research from cognitive (认知的)load theory suggests that lying is more difficult in a foreign language. “Compared to truth telling, lying is a cognitively more 47 task,” Kristina Suchotzki explains. Adding a foreign language imposes an additional cognitive 48 which makes lying even more difficult.Lying is easier in a foreign language: This should be true according to the emotional distance hypothesis (假设). This assumption is based on the fact that lying is 49 more emotions than staying with the truth. Liars have higher stress levels and are more tense. Research shows that compared to speaking in a native language, communicating in a second language is less 50 arousing. Accordingly, this 51 emotional arousal would promote lying.To settle this question, the Würzburg psychologists conducted a number of experiments in which up to 50 test persons had to complete specific tasks. They were asked to answer a number of questions—sometimes 52 and sometimes deceptively both in their native language and in a foreign language. Some questions were 53 ; other questions were clearly emotional.The results show that it usually takes longer to answer emotional questions. Answers in the foreign language also take longer. And generally, it takes longer to tell a lie than to tell the truth. However, the time differences between deceptive and truthful answers are less 54 in a second language than in the native language.The data suggest that the increased cognitive effort is responsible for the prolongation (延长) of the truth 55 in the foreign language. The reason why this prolongation almost does not exist in lying can be explained with the emotional distance hypothes is: The greater emotional distance in a foreign language thus “cancels out” the higher cognitive load when lying.41. A. similar B. unexpected C. disappointing D. inevitable42. A. insights B. principles C. expectations D. justifications43. A. classified B. substituted C. modified D. evaluated44. A. accurate B. believable C. sensitive D. informative45. A. reason B. difference C. origin D. phenomenon46. A. results B. methods C. theories D. questions47. A. inviting B. embarrassing C. rewarding D. demanding48. A. challenge B. perspective C. strategy D. context49. A. aimed at B. prepared for C. associated with D. applied to50. A. emotionally B. alternatively C. fundamentally D. suspiciously51. A. advanced B. reduced C. adapted D. altered52. A. directly B. confidently C. truthfully D. initially53. A. tough B. concrete C. irrelevant D. neutral54. A. appealing B. obvious C. important D. reasonable55. A. claim B. element C. commission D. response6、2019长宁一模Keeping it in the family“You understand grandmother when she talks to you, don’t you, darling?” The girl nods. I met her, her Japanese mother and English father on a plane to Japan. The parents were eager to 41 their experience of bringing up their daughter bilingually (使用双语地) in London. It isn’t easy: the husband does not speak Japanese, so the child hears the language only from her mother, who has come to 42 that the girl will reply in English. This can be painful. Not sharing your first language with loved ones is hard. Not passing it on to your own child can be especially tough. Many immigrant parents feel a sense of 43 .Children learn languages easily, but this doesn’t mean that 44 exposure is enough. They must hear a language quite a bit to understand it—and use it often to be able to speak it comfortably. This is mental work, and a child who doesn’t have an intention to speak a language will often avoid it. So languages often die when parents move abroad. In the past, governments discouraged immigrant families from keeping their languages. These days, officials tend to be 45 ; some even see a valuable resource in immigrants’ language abilities. Yet many factors ensure that children still lose their parents’ languages, or never learn them. A big one is institutional 46 . A child’s time spent with a second language is time not spent on their first. So teachers often discourage parents from speaking their languages to their children. Parents often 47 obey, worried about their children’s education. This is a(n) 48 , for children really can master two languages or even more. Research does indeed suggest their vocabulary in each language may be somewhat smaller for a while, but other studies hint at intellectual advantages among bilinguals. They may be more skillful at complex tasks, better at maintaining attention.Even without those side effects, 49 , a bilingual child’s connection to another culture is a good thing in itself. How to 50 ? When both parents share the native language, the strategy is often to speak that at home, and the national language outside. But when they have 51 languages, perhaps the most common approach is “one parent, one language”. Francois Grosjean, a language expert from Switzerland, 52 the necessity. He recommends reserving occasions on which the only language that may be spoken is the one that needs 53 . Sabine Little, a language expert at the University of Sheffield, puts the emphasis elsewhere. Making the native language yet another task 54 by parents can lead to rejection, she argues. She recommends letting the child form their own 55 connection to the language, for languages are not just another thing to be drilled into a young mind, but a matter of the heart.41.A. conceal B. publicize C. discuss D. imagine42.A. accept B. argue C. decide D. ensure43.A. excitement B. inferiority C. failure D. injustice44.A. momentary B. maximum C. repeated D. continued45.A less stimulated B. less controlling C. more relieved D. more discouraging46.A. engagement B. feature C. prejudice D. pressure47.A. cheerfully B. faithfully C. immediately D. reluctantly48.A. instance B. shame C. ambition D. suggestion49.A. though B. hence C. besides D. otherwise50.A. keep it up B. carry it on C. figure it out D. bring it about51.A. multiple B. different C. foreign D. target52.A. removes B. challenges C. emphasises D. ignores53.A. preservation B. restriction C. rejection D. connection54.A. performed B. imposed C. shared D. recommended55.A. skillful B. powerful C. apparent D. emotional7&10、2019松江闵行二模People hold different views on almost anything, mainly because of the culture we are familiar with or the education we have received. We live in a 41 world where people are quick to point out the faults and imperfections of others, yet seem unaware of their own. Some misguided souls believe they have a duty to help you to be a better person by telling you what a failure you really are first and then offering suggestions as to how you can improve.So what is the possible solution to 42 ? If you are the one forcing others to feel 43 themselves, STOP. Make a conscious decision rather than 44 the negative aspect of a person’s performance or attitudes. You’ll offer helpful suggestions from the beginning. If I’m painting our living room and 45 in doing so, I would like my husband to say to me, “This is a tough job. Can I offer a suggestion that might make it easier for you?” rather than have him point out what a 46 painter I am and then tell me how I should be doing it.If you are on the 47 end of criticism, the “OK” response is a perfect solution. When someone comments negatively on a task you are doing or a personality issue of yours, a(n) 48 response is to defend and attack. However, this approach is rarely effective as it puts both parties on the 49 . Instead, simply reply with “OK”. This brief one-word response 50 the other person’s comment without agreeing with it or feeling necessary to engage in a debate about it.It is important to remain emotionally attached to what the other person is saying, to listen without feeling, to be a(n) 51 observer. In fact, there is much that one can learn from a 52 review. You can ask yourself: Did I make a mistake? Could I have done better? Did I give 100% of myself to the task at hand? If so, how can I improve myself? As for chronic (习惯性的) criticizers: It is important to set strict boundary with them. Remove yourself from their 53 when necessary.54 , one can learn to be “OK” with criticism and not allow it to negatively impact your life or relationship with the other party. Examine it for any potential 55 , and then let it go and just be “OK”.41. A. dependent B. judgmental C. selfish D. creative42. A. criticism B. imperfection C. failure D. unawareness43. A. devoted to B. connected with C. ashamed of D. concerned about44. A.turn down B. get rid of C. cover up D. focus on45. A. making a mess B. asking for troubleC. having funD. offering a helpful hand46. A. considerate B. careless C. humble D. modest47. A. forcing B. receiving C. criticizing D. advising48. A. avoidable B. meaningless C. extreme D. natural49. A. impolite B. dangerous C. defensive D. regretful50. A. ignores B. acknowledges C. eliminates D. declines51. A. active B. initiative C. creative D. objective52. A. reasonable B. agreeable C. negative D. instructive53. A. praise B. presence C. comment D. help54. A. In any case B. On the contrary C. To begin with D. For instance55. A. harm B. conflict C. obstacle D. truth8、2019宝山二模Serendipity -an unexpected delight - is the word that comes to mind when describing the seven-day hike my wife and I recently did in the wild and undeveloped northwest coast of Galicia, Spain.Simply 41 , anyone who is adventurous, loves traveling to Europe and is fit enough to do 10-mile hikes should seriously consider doing this hike.Before this experience, I had never heard about On Foot Holidays programs that allow hikers to go at their own pace, with maps and detailed hiking 42 , but without a guide or other travelers, while still enjoying a high level of local support.What 43 caught my attention was an announcement about On Foot Holidays' newest hike, the Lighthouse Way, which they described as a journey along"the last 44 coast of Europe." This particular hike sounded both challenging and rewarding enough to 45 a try.On Foot Holidays booked our lodging each night and 46 a taxi to take our baggage to the next destination, so we just had to carry our daypack essentials. Each day we 47 or spoke with the company's local expert who was available 48 emergency, but whose main function was to keep us informed about the daily weather forecast and to make special taxi arrangements when we decided to 49 a couple of 14-mile hikes to less than 10 miles.The 50 of the trails and scenery made every hike a delight. One of our hikes followed a narrow trail along a steep, rocky cliff 51 the steel-blue waters of the Atlantic Ocean that thrash against jagged rocks hundreds of feet below us. We stopped to picnic and watch the only living things we saw that whole day: a herd of goats above us, and a group of dolphins jumping in the waves below. In the distance, many of the mountain peaks 52 sparkling wind turbines (涡轮机) like candles on a cake.Silence and loneliness were the features of each day's accommodation. The only sounds we heard were birds singing, the wind blowing through trees or the waves breaking against the shoreline. The air was clean and the temperature brisk, with frequent 53 of cloudy, cool, windy and rainy weather interspersed(点缀) with glorious bursts of sunshine.There was remarkably little litter, the exception being spots along the shore where ocean currents 54 mostly fishing items.My wife and I realized that we are pilgrims searching for meaning, awareness and joy on our journey through life, and our Galician hiking 55 had moved us further down that path in ways we won't forget．41.A. lost B. moved C. urged D. put42.A. strings B. instructions C. devices D. materials43.A. initially B. gradually C. smoothly D. firmly44.A. recommended B. developed C. unspoiled D. discovered45.A. warrant B. provide C. imagine D. evaluate46.A. prepared for B. arranged for C. paid for D. turned to47.A. negotiated B. discussed C. contacted D. texted48.A. in addition to B. in need of C. in case of D. in favour of49.A. shorten B. extend C. decrease D. expand50.A. appearance B. variety C. character D. route51.A. displaying B. reflecting C. following D. overlooking52.A. established B. lightened C. sported D. structured53.A. changes B. intervals C. adaptions D. interactions54.A. stretched B. withdrawn C. floated D. deposited55.A. experience B. technique C. investigation D. experiment9、2019奉贤二模Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would promote science, most are (41) ______to post the results of their own labours online.Some communities have agreed to share online-geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository（库）, and astronomers are accustomed to (42) ______images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects -- but these remain the (43)______, not the rule. Historically, scientists have (44) ______sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.But the (45) ______ are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data (46) ______. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to “(47) ______ a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve”. Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared online in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products (48)_______ and enable other researchers to discover and cite (引用) them.Although calls to share data often concentrate on the (49) ______ advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely beneficial to others. Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved (50) ______ and increased citations. The most successful sharers -- those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often -- get noticed, and their work gets used. (51) ______, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been (52) ______ 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of' trees. “I’d much prefer to have my data used by the (53) ______ number of people to ask their own questions,” she says. “It’s important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be (54) ______.”Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists can become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding (55) ______ later on.41. A. restricted B. reluctant C. desperate D. generous42. A.accessing B. processing C. analyzing D. identifying43. A. assumption B. mystery C. exception D. phenomenon44. A. longed for B. appealed to C. focused on D. objected to45. A. symptoms B. barriers C. advantages D. consequences。
2019届上海市奉贤区高三二模英语试题（解析版）
2019届上海市奉贤区⾼三⼆模英语试题（解析版）2019届上海市奉贤区⾼三⼆模英语试题考⽣注意1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(⾮选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上⼀律不得分3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答题纸反⾯清楚地填写姓名。
Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. At an airport.B. In an office.C. At a police station.D. Ata travel agency. 【答案】A【解析】【分析】W: Thanks for meeting me. Mr. Hawker.M: Nice to see you. Do we need to stop at the baggage claim area?Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?【详解】此题为听⼒题，解析略。
上海市崇明区2019年高三英语二模考试卷及答案
崇明区2019届第二次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A pilot. B. An airhost. C. A passenger. D. A taxi driver.2. A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a clinic. D. In a university.3. A. Order for the man. B. Recalculate the bill.C. Refuse to pay the bill.D. Give the man a discount.4. A. He forgot about the football game. B. He can’t endure the loud noise from the game.C. He thought the game was disappointing.D. He doesn’t think football games make any sense.5. A. She’d like the man to touch the report for her.B. She’s already finished her report on the movie.C. She’ll be unable to see the movie with the man.D. She prefers a different type of movie to a comedy.6. A. He’s got an extra train schedule. B. He’s going to Philadelphia by train.C. He’s already missed his train.D. He’s familiar with the train station.7. A. He’s satisfied with his job. B. He’s got trouble finding a job.C. He likes working in hot summer.D. He gets more pay than expected.8. A. The man and the woman did the research together.B. The woman didn’t work hard enough on her paper.C. The professor was content with the woman’s paper.D. The paper wasn’t as good as the woman had thought.9. A. She’ll consider the man’s invi tation. B. She doesn’t want to join a gardening club.C. She doesn’t have time to work in a garden.D. She’s never been formally invited into a club.10. A. He won’t vote for the woman.B. He may also run for class president.C. The woman shouldn’t have asked him for his vote.D. The woman should ask his roommate to vote for her.第 1 页/共19 页Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Crows are particularly clever birds. B. Crows have been trained to work for a park.C. Crows are popular with theme parks.D. Crows have long been seen as symbols of evil.12. A. Collecting garbage. B. Giving gifts to visitors.C. Using various tools.D. Remembering visitors’ faces.13. A. To show visitors can be more careful to keep the park clean.B. To train more crows to clear up the park in a more rapid way.C. To communicate with crows and establish a relationship with them.D. To indicate humans can learn from nature to protect the environment.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To save space. B. To reach for the sky. C. To attract tourists. D. To be seen miles away.15. A. They fail to inspire the culture. B. They threaten the city’s development.C. They have rather odd nicknames.D. They make old landmarks hard to see.16. A. Skyscrapers are usually ugly. B. The Shard is the world’s tallest building.C. London’s upward expansion is continuing.D. London’s replaced office blocks with high-rises.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The expansion of the cafeteria. B. The cost of meals in the cafeteria.C. The food served in the cafeteria.D. The job opportunities in the cafeteria.18. A. Cooking food for the students. B. Serving food for the students.C. Improving meals’ nutritional value.D. Listening to complaints about service.19. A. To give nutrition lessons to students.B. To collect students’ opinions about meals.C. To find more students to work in the cafeteria.D. To ask students to try a new dish she has made.20. A. A little curious. B. Very amazed.C. Quite confused.D. A bit doubtful.第 2 页/共19 页II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.New “Star Wars” Attractions Set to Open at Disney Theme Parks in 2019 The galaxy (银河系) that seems so far, far away just got a little closer.On Tuesday, Disney announced “Star Wars: Galaxy’s Edge”, a highly (21)(expect) themed land under construction, would open in summer 2019 at California’s Disneyland and in late fall 2019 at Florida’s Disney World.(22) the announcement was made, officials had only said the new land would open soon.No specific date (23) (announce) for the Disneyland opening. But if past summer openings are any indication, “Galaxy’s Edge” is expected to open in late June.The additions will be Disney’s (24)(big) “single-themed land expansion” ever, according to Disney CEO Bob Iger. Each will be an expansive 14 acres (英亩). A copy of the Millennium Falcon spaceship, (25) guests will be able to pilot, will be a key attraction.Galaxy’s Edge will immerse (使沉浸于) visitors in the Star Wars universe, (26) (transport) them to a never-before-seen Star Wars planet—a remote trading port largely ignored by warring people and one of the last stops before wild space. This planet is (27) Star Wars characters and their stories will come to life. It will feature two major attractions: (28) allowing guests to pilot the Millennium Falcon and the other dropping riders into the middle of a battle. The most advanced video techniques are expected to power each attraction.Even as Galaxy’s Edge (29) (approach), Disneyland is making changes, both large and small, in advance. Recent projects have shifted queues for “Dumbo the Flying Elephant” and “It’s a Small World”. These are the efforts to improve traffic flows near the attractions. Si milar changes have been made in Adventureland (30) (ease) congestion points. Work has started on a new luxury resort in Downtown Disney. Officials have closed Rainforest Café, ESPN Zone and AMC Theaters to make room.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.第 3 页/共19 页Titanic II Could Sail as Soon as 2022If you thought the long-delayed project to launch a full-size copy of the ill-fated Royal Mail Ship Titanic was sunk in the water—think again. Just like Celine Dion sang back in 1997, the travel project will “go on and on.”Australian businessman and politician Clive Palmer, who is behind the 31 , announced in September that work on the ship had started again. The idea was first floated in 2012. It is said that the new ship will be a(n) 32 copy of the infamous ship, which sank in 1912 following a crash with an iceberg (冰山).To avoid a(n) 33 disaster, Titanic II will apparently be equipped with plenty of life boats, modern navigation (导航) and radar equipment. The first voyage, however, will take passengers from Dubai to New York, reports CruiseArabia, with the first sailing 34 to take place in 2022. Blue Star Line says the nine-decked ship will be home to 835 cabins, and 2,435 passengers will be 35 . You’ll be ab le to buy first-, second- and third-class tickets—just like in the original.Meanwhile tourists with plenty of money might soon have the chance to dive to the 36 of the original Titanic. American company OceanGate has planned diving trips for 2019, costing $105,129 per person.Of course, the original Titanic voyage ended in 37 , with over 1,500 people losing their lives. For many, voyages to the original ship are in bad taste. Steve Sims, founder of The Bluefish, said earlier in 2018 that he doesn’t see diving to the original one as 38 .Realistically, it’s 39 whether Titanic II will ever see the light of day—or whether the diving tours will happen soon. But one thing is for certain, more than 100 years after the Titanic’s first and only voyage, global interest in this ship shows no 40 of slowing down.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.第 4 页/共19 页Lying in a Foreign Language Is EasierMost people don’t find it more difficult to lie in a foreign language than in their native tongue. However, things are different when telling the truth: This is clearly more difficult for many people in a foreign language than in their native one.This 41 conclusion is the result of a study conducted by two psychologists from the University of Würzburg: Kristina Suchotzki and Matthias Gamer. The two scientists presented their 42 in Journal of Experimental Psychology.Their findings could be important for a lot of processes in which the trustworthiness of certain people must be 43 . In such situations, reports by non-native speakers tend to be considered as less 44 even though they may be truthful. Their discovery also explains another 45 , namely that people communicating in a foreign language are generally considered as less trustworthy.There are two research 46 to predict differences between deception and truth telling in a native compared to a second language.Research from cognitive (认知的)load theory suggests that lying is more difficult in a foreign language. “Compared to truth telling, lying is a cognitively more 47 task,” Kristina Suchotzki explains. Adding a foreign language imposes an additional cognitive 48 which makes lying even more difficult.Lying is easier in a foreign language: This should be true according to the emotional distance hypothesis(假设). This assumption is based on the fact that lying is 49 more emotions than staying with the truth. Liars have higher stress levels and are more tense. Research shows that compared to speaking in a native language, communicating in a second language is less 50 arousing. Accordingly, this 51 emotional arousal would promote lying.To settle this question, the Würzburg psychologists conducted a number of experiments in which up to 50 test persons had to complete specific tasks. They were asked to answer a number of questions—sometimes 52 and sometimes deceptively both in their native language and in a foreign language. Some questions were 53 ; other questions were clearly emotional.The results show that it usually takes longer to answer emotional questions. Answers in the foreign language also take longer. And generally, it takes longer to tell a lie than to tell the truth. However, the time differences between deceptive and truthful answers are less 54 in a second language than in the native language.The data suggest that the increased cognitive effort is responsible for the prolongation (延长) of the truth 55 in the foreign language. The reason why this prolongation almost does not exist in lying can be explained with the emotional distance hypothesis: The greater emotional distance in a foreign language thus “cancels out” the higher cognitive load when lying.第 5 页/共19 页41. A. similar B. unexpected C. disappointing D. inevitable42. A. insights B. principles C. expectations D. justifications43. A. classified B. substituted C. modified D. evaluated44. A. accurate B. believable C. sensitive D. informative45. A. reason B. difference C. origin D. phenomenon46. A. results B. methods C. theories D. questions47. A. inviting B. embarrassing C. rewarding D. demanding48. A. challenge B. perspective C. strategy D. context49. A. aimed at B. prepared for C. associated with D. applied to50. A. emotionally B. alternatively C. fundamentally D. suspiciously51. A. advanced B. reduced C. adapted D. altered52. A. directly B. confidently C. truthfully D. initially53. A. tough B. concrete C. irrelevant D. neutral54. A. appealing B. obvious C. important D. reasonable55. A. claim B. element C. commission D. responseSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）In a career that lasted more than half a century, Tom Wolfe wrote fiction and nonfiction best-sellers including The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test and The Bonfire of the Vanities. Along the way, he created a new type of journalism and coined phrases that became part of the American vocabulary.Wolfe began working as a newspaper reporter, first for The Washington Post, then the New York Herald Tribune. He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the “New Journalism.” “I’ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fic tion and nonfiction are interchangeable,” he said. “The things that work in nonfiction would work in fiction, and vice versa.”“When Tom Wolfe’s voice broke into the world of nonfiction, it was a time when a lot of writers, and a lot of artists in general, were turning inwards,” says Lev Grossman, book critic for Time magazine. “Wolfe didn’t do that. Wolfe turned outwards. He was a guy who was interested in other people.” Wolfe was interested in how they thought, how they did things and how the things they did affected the world around them.第 6 页/共19 页In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account of the military test pilots who became America’s first astronauts. Four years later, the book was adapted as a feature film. “The Right Stuff was the book for me,” says Grossman. “It reminded me, in case I’d forgotten, that the world is an incredible place.”In The Right Stuff, Wolfe populariz ed the phrase “pushing the envelope.” In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as “The ‘Me’ Decade.” Grossman says these phrases became part of the American idiom because they were accurate.“He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality,” Grossman says. “He did it well and people heard him. And they repeated what he said because he was right.” All those words started a revolution in nonfiction that is still going on.56. The “New Journalism” is a style of journalism that .A. changes its news writing techniques frequentlyB. popularizes new American idioms in a literary wayC. combines novelistic techniques with traditional reportingD. reports various news events from a theoretical perspective57. It can be learned from the passage that The Right Stuff .A. is a film directed by Lev GrossmanB. is an influential book by Tom WolfeC. accounts for popular American phrasesD. deals with incredible places in the world58. According to the passage, Tom Wolfe .A. was good at reporting news from a realistic perspectiveB. preferred making claims about events to writing booksC. was fond of commenting on other people’s though tsD. liked analyzing social problems from the outside59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Tom Wolfe: A Professional Phrase CoinerB. Tom Wolfe: A Forceful Observer and NovelistC. Tom Wolfe: A Theoretical Creator in LiteratureD. Tom Wolfe: An Innovative Journalist and Writer第7 页/共19 页（B）Important facts about ELIQUIS® (apixaban)This is a summary of important information that you need to know about ELIQUIS. Keep this document in a safe place, so you can refer to it before and during your treatment.Look out for the followingsigns as you read:Do not stop taking ELIQUIS without talking to the doctor who prescribed (开处方) it to you.Talk to your healthcare team before any medical procedures. ELIQUIS may need to bestopped before surgery, or a medical or dental procedure. Your doctor will tell you whenyou should stop taking ELIQUIS and when you may start taking it again. If you have tostop taking ELIQUIS, your doctor may prescribe another medicine to help prevent ablood clot from forming.What is the possible serious side effect of ELIQUIS?ELIQUIS can cause bleeding,which can be serious, and rarely may lead to death. This is because ELIQUIS is a blood thinner medicine that reduces blood clotting. While taking ELIQUIS, you may hurt more easily and it may take longer than usual for any bleeding to stop.Call your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any symptoms of bleeding when taking ELIQUIS.Who should not take ELIQUIS?ELIQUIS is not for patients who:▪have artificial heart valves (瓣膜). ▪currently have certain typesof abnormal bleeding.▪have had a seriousallergic (过敏的)reaction to ELIQUIS.What should I discuss with my healthcare team before starting ELIQUIS?Talk to your healthcare team about the following:▪Liver problems ▪Any other medicalconditions ▪If you have ever had bleeding problemsTell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to becomepregnant or breastfeed. You and your doctor should decide whether you will takeELIQUIS or breastfeed. You should not do both.Tell your healthcare team about all of the medicines you are taking.第8 页/共19 页60. The important facts about ELIQUIS are mainly intended for .A. drugstoresB. patientsC. pregnant womenD. healthcare teams61. It can be inferred from the facts that a blood clot forms .A. when allergic reaction appearsB. when bleeding grows abnormalC. when blood pressure dropsD. when blood becomes thicker62. What can be inferred about ELIQUIS from the facts?A. It can be harmful to babies.B. It can’t be taken with any other medicines.C. It shouldn’t be taken after a surgery.D. It may increase the risk of having dental problems.（C）The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it’s also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.A study by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), based on extensive satellite photographs and published in the journal Nature Sustainability, has revealed that the two countries with the world’s biggest populations are also resp onsible for the largest increase in greenness.Since 2000, the planet’s green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 2 million square miles. That’s an area equivalent to the sum total of the Amazon rainforests, NASA says. But researchers stressed that the new greenery does not neutralize deforestation and its negative impacts on ecosystems elsewhere.A third of the leaf increase is thanks to China and India, due to the implementation of major tree-planting projects alongside a vast increase in agriculture.Using the data from a NASA sensor, researchers discovered that China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only 6.6 percent of the world’s vegetated area (植被区). Forests account for 42 percent of that increase, while croplands make up a further 32 percent. China’s increase in forest area is the result of forest preservation and expansion programs, NASA said, established to fight against the impacts of climate change, air pollution and soil erosion (水土流失). India has contributed a further 6.8 percent rise in green leaf area, with 82 percent from croplands and 4.4 percent from forests.Rama Nemani, a co-author of the study and a researcher at NASA’s Ames Research Center, said in a statement, “When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance.” “Now, with the data that lets us understan d the phenomenon at really small scales, we see that humans are also contributing,” Nemani said. “This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action.”Thomas Pugh, a professor at the University of Birmingham’s School of Geography, Earth and第9 页/共19 页第 10 页/共 19 页 Environmental Sciences, said the NASA report expands scientists’ understanding of the causes behind global greening. But he also cautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change. 63. The passage mainly tells us that .A. China and India have the world’s largest green leaf areasB. China and India are the lead role players in global greeningC. our planet is experiencing a climate crisis despite human effortsD. our planet is getting greener due to the joint efforts of the world64. What can be learned about China and India?A. The area of croplands in India is larger than that in China.B. India’s rise in leaf area is largely due to its forestry program.C. They both show a greater increase in forests than in croplands.D. China boasts twenty-five percent of the global rise in leaf area.65. According to Rama Nemani, their new findings are .A. unexpected but significantB. surprising but valuelessC. predictable but disappointingD. uncontrollable but inspiring66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. There is an indirect link between global greening and climate change.B. The new greenery does not have any positive effect on the global climate.C. The gain in greenness does not make up for the damage from loss of leaf area.D. The increase in greening reduces the deforestation rate and its impact globally.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Screen Time: How Much Is Too Much?Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices. 67 Perhaps parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.Until last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggested that children and teenagers have no more than two hours of screen time a day. It also suggests that parents balance a child’s screen time with other activities.68 Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.Ferguson seems interested in one idea: the link between video games and violent or risky behavior. When he saw results from a recent British survey on screen time, he wanted to know more. The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day. 69 So, Ferguson and his team examined answers from a survey on risky behaviors. The study involved about 6,000 boys and girls in Florida, whose average age was 16.Data from this survey found that American children are also fairly resistant to the negative effects of electronic media. Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. 70 To further argue his point that screen time is not harmful, Ferguson adds that children should become familiar with screen technology. Electronic devices, he says, are a part of our everyday lives.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Fujian Puppetry (木偶剧) in Need of Urgent SafeguardingAs one of the contributions of Chinese performing art to the world’s cultural heritage(遗产), Fujian puppetry has a long history. It has developed a set of characteristic techniques of performance and puppet making, as well as plays and music.No final conclusions have yet been reached on the origins and evolution of Chinese puppetry. Dating from Shang dynasty, pottery figurines (陶俑) used as burial objects have been discovered at the Yin Ruins. In a Western Han tomb at Mawangdui in Changsha, Hunan Province, a number of wooden figurines have been unearthed. These were a great improvement on those from previous dynasties in terms of craftsmanship, variety and modeling. Over time, figurines as burial objects evolved into puppets for entertainment on festive occasions.第11 页/共19 页Chinese puppetry further developed during the Ming and Qing dynasties, with a bunch of schools spreading across the country. Puppet shows from various places had their own characteristics in terms of figure modeling.In the past few decades, many traditional forms of art have seen a decline in popularity. In particular, Fujian puppetry finds itself in hot water. The number of young people learning puppetry has decreased due to socioeconomic changes to their lifestyles. The long period of training required to master the complicated performing techniques has also been a factor in the fall.In response, concerned communities, groups and bearers laid down the 2008-2020 Strategy for the Training of Coming Generations of Fujian Puppetry Practitioners. The key objectives are to safeguard the promotion of Fujian Puppetry and to increase its sustainability through professional training to cultivate a new generation of puppetry practitioners; creation of teaching materials; construction of training institutes and exhibition halls; regional and international cooperation; and artistic exchange.In 2012, the strategy was added to the Register of Good Safeguarding Practices by the UNESCO. With great efforts made by practitioners, local people and education institutions, Fujian Puppetry can expect a brighter future.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 开展研究之前，你必须进行可行性分析。
2019届上海市崇明区高三英语二模(含答案)
崇明区2019届第二次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A pilot. B. An airhost. C. A passenger. D. A taxi driver.2. A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a clinic. D. In a university.3. A. Order for the man. B. Recalculate the bill.C. Refuse to pay the bill.D. Give the man a discount.4. A. He forgot about the football game. B. He can’t endure the loud noise from the game.C. He thought the game was disappointing.D. He doesn’t think football games make any sense.5. A. She’d like the man to touch the report for her.B. She’s already finished her report on the movie.C. She’ll be unable to see the movie with the man.D. She prefers a different type of movie to a comedy.6. A. He’s got an extra train schedule. B. He’s going to Philadelphia by train.C. He’s already missed his train.D. He’s familiar with the train station.7. A. He’s satisfied with his job. B. He’s got trouble finding a job.C. He likes working in hot summer.D. He gets more pay than expected.8. A. The man and the woman did the research together.B. The woman did n’t work hard enough on her paper.C. The professor was content with the woman’s paper.D. The paper wasn’t as good as the woman had thought.9. A. She’ll consider the man’s invitation. B. She doesn’t want to join a gardening club.C. She doesn’t ha ve time to work in a garden.D. She’s never been formally invited into a club.10. A. He won’t vote for the woman.B. He may also run for class president.C. The woman shouldn’t have asked him for his vote.D. The woman should ask his roommate to vote for her.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Crows are particularly clever birds. B. Crows have been trained to work for a park.C. Crows are popular with theme parks.D. Crows have long been seen as symbols of evil.12. A. Collecting garbage. B. Giving gifts to visitors.C. Using various tools.D. Remembering visitors’ faces.13. A. To show visitors can be more careful to keep the park clean.B. To train more crows to clear up the park in a more rapid way.C. To communicate with crows and establish a relationship with them.D. To indicate humans can learn from nature to protect the environment.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To save space. B. To reach for the sky. C. To attract tourists. D. To be seen miles away.15. A. They fail to inspire the culture. B. They threaten the city’s development.C. They have rather odd nicknames.D. They make old landmarks hard to see.16. A. Skyscrapers are usually ugly. B. The Shard is the world’s tallest building.C. London’s upward expansion is continuing.D. London’s replaced off ice blocks with high-rises. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The expansion of the cafeteria. B. The cost of meals in the cafeteria.C. The food served in the cafeteria.D. The job opportunities in the cafeteria.18. A. Cooking food for the students. B. Serving food for the students.C. Improving meals’ nutritional value.D. Listening to complaints about service.19. A. To give nutrition lessons to students.B. To collect students’ opinions about meals.C. To find more students to work in the cafeteria.D. To ask students to try a new dish she has made.20. A. A little curious. B. Very amazed.C. Quite confused.D. A bit doubtful.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.New “Star Wars” Attractions Set to Open at Disney Theme Parks in 2019 The galaxy (银河系) that seems so far, far away just got a little closer.On Tuesday, Disney announced “Star Wars: Galaxy’s Edge”, a highly (21) (expect) themed land under construct ion, would open in summer 2019 at California’s Disneyland and in late fall 2019 at Florida’s Disney World.(22) the announcement was made, officials had only said the new land would open soon.No specific date (23) (announce) for the Disneyland opening. But if past summer openings are any indication, “Galaxy’s Edge” is expected to open in late June.The additions will be Disney’s (24)(big) “single-themed land expansion” ever, according to Disney CEO Bob Iger. Each will be an expansive 14 acres (英亩). A copy of the Millennium Falcon spaceship, (25) guests will be able to pilot, will be a key attraction.Galaxy’s Edge will immerse(使沉浸于) visitors in the Star Wars universe, (26) (transport) them to a never-before-seen Star Wars planet—a remote trading port largely ignored by warring people and one of the last stops before wild space. This planet is (27) Star Wars characters and their stories will come to life. It will feature two major attractions: (28) allowing guests to pilot the Millennium Falcon and the other dropping riders into the middle of a battle. The most advanced video techniques are expected to power each attraction.Even as Galaxy’s Edge (29) (approach), Disneyland is making changes, both large and small, in a dvance. Recent projects have shifted queues for “Dumbo the Flying Elephant” and “It’s a Small World”. These are the efforts to improve traffic flows near the attractions. Similar changes have been made in Adventureland (30) (ease) congestion points. Work has started on a new luxury resort in Downtown Disney. Officials have closed Rainforest Café, ESPN Zone and AMC Theaters to make room.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Titanic II Could Sail as Soon as 2022If you thought the long-delayed project to launch a full-size copy of the ill-fated Royal Mail Ship Titanic was sunk in the water—think again. Just like Celine Dion sang back in 1997, the travel project will “go on and on.”Australian businessman and politician Clive Palmer, who is behind the 31 , announced in September that work on the ship had started again. The idea was first floated in 2012. It is said that the new ship will be a(n) 32 copy of the infamous ship, which sank in 1912 following a crash with an iceberg (冰山).To avoid a(n) 33 disaster, Titanic II will apparently be equipped with plenty of life boats, modern navigation (导航) and radar equipment. The first voyage, however, will take passengers from Dubai to New York, reports CruiseArabia, with the first sailing 34 to take place in 2022. Blue Star Line says the nine-decked ship will be home to 835 cabins, and 2,435 passengers will be 35 . You’ll be able to buy first-, second- and third-class tickets—just like in the original.Meanwhile tourists with plenty of money might soon have the chance to dive to the 36 of the original Titanic. American company OceanGate has planned diving trips for 2019, costing $105,129 per person.Of course, the original Titanic voyage ended in 37 , with over 1,500 people losing their lives. For many, voyages to the original ship are in bad taste. Steve Sims, founder of The Bluefish, said earlier in 2018 that he doesn’t see diving to the original one as 38 .Realistically, it’s 39 whether Titanic II will ever see the light of day—or whether the diving tours will happen soon. But one thing is for certain, more than 100 years after the Titanic’s first and only voyage, global interest in this ship shows no 40 of slowing down.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Lying in a Foreign Language Is EasierMost people don’t find it more difficult to lie in a foreign language than in their native tongue.However, things are different when telling the truth: This is clearly more difficult for many people in a foreign language than in their native one.This 41 conclusion is the result of a study conducted by two psychologists from the University of Würzburg: Kristina Suchotzki and Matthias Gamer.The two scientists presented their 42 in Journal of Experimental Psychology.Their findings could be important for a lot of processes in which the trustworthiness of certain people must be 43 . In such situations, reports by non-native speakers tend to be considered as less 44 even though they may be truthful. Their discovery also explains another 45 , namely that people communicating in a foreign language are generally considered as less trustworthy.There are two research 46 to predict differences between deception and truth telling in a native compared to a second language.Research from cognitive (认知的)load theory suggests that lying is more difficult in a foreign language. “Compared to truth telling, lying is a cognitively more 47 task,” Kristina Suchotzki explains. Adding a foreign language imposes an additional cognitive 48 which makes lying even more difficult.Lying is easier in a foreign language: This should be true according to the emotional distance hypothesis(假设). This assumption is based on the fact that lying is 49 more emotions than staying with the truth. Liars have higher stress levels and are more tense. Research shows that compared to speaking in a native language, communicating in a second language is less 50 arousing. Accordingly, this 51 emotional arousal would promote lying.To settle this question, the Würzburg psychologist s conducted a number of experiments in which up to 50 test persons had to complete specific tasks. They were asked to answer a number of questions—sometimes 52 and sometimes deceptively both in their native language and in a foreign language. Some questions were 53 ; other questions were clearly emotional.The results show that it usually takes longer to answer emotional questions. Answers in the foreign language also take longer. And generally, it takes longer to tell a lie than to tell the truth. However, the time differences between deceptive and truthful answers are less 54 in a second language than in the native language.The data suggest that the increased cognitive effort is responsible for the prolongation (延长) of the truth 55 in the foreign language. The reason why this prolongation almost does not exist in lying can be explained with the emotional distance hypothesis: The greater emotional distance ina foreign language thus “cancels out” the higher cognitive load when lying.41. A. similar B. unexpected C. disappointing D. inevitable42. A. insights B. principles C. expectations D. justifications43. A. classified B. substituted C. modified D. evaluated44. A. accurate B. believable C. sensitive D. informative45. A. reason B. difference C. origin D. phenomenon46. A. results B. methods C. theories D. questions47. A. inviting B. embarrassing C. rewarding D. demanding48. A. challenge B. perspective C. strategy D. context49. A. aimed at B. prepared for C. associated with D. applied to50. A. emotionally B. alternatively C. fundamentally D. suspiciously51. A. advanced B. reduced C. adapted D. altered52. A. directly B. confidently C. truthfully D. initially53. A. tough B. concrete C. irrelevant D. neutral54. A. appealing B. obvious C. important D. reasonable55. A. claim B. element C. commission D. responseSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）In a career that lasted more than half a century, Tom Wolfe wrote fiction and nonfiction best-sellers including The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test and The Bonfire of the Vanities. Along the way, he created a new type of journalism and coined phrases that became part of the American vocabulary.Wolfe began working as a newspaper reporter, first for The Washington Post, then the New York Herald Tribune. He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the “New Journalism.” “I’ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonf iction are interchangeable,” he said. “The things that work in nonfiction would work in fiction, and vice versa.”“When Tom Wolfe’s voice broke into the world of nonfiction, it was a time when a lot of writers, and a lot of artists in general, were turning inwards,” says Lev Grossman, book critic for Time magazine. “Wolfe didn’t do that. Wolfe turned outwards. He was a guy who was interested in other people.” Wolfe was interested in how they thought, how they did things and how the things they did affected the world around them.In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account of the military test pilots who became America’s first astronauts. Four years later, the book was adapted as a feature film. “The Right Stuff was the book for me,” says Grossman. “It reminded me, in case I’d forgotten, that the world is an incredible place.”In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase “pushing the envelope.” In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as “The ‘Me’ Decade.” Grossman says these phra ses became part of the American idiom because they were accurate.“He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality,” Grossman says. “He did it well and people heard him. And they rep eatedwhat he said because he was right.” All those words started a revolution in nonfiction that is still going on.56. The “New Journalism” is a style of journalism that .A. changes its news writing techniques frequentlyB. popularizes new American idioms in a literary wayC. combines novelistic techniques with traditional reportingD. reports various news events from a theoretical perspective57. It can be learned from the passage that The Right Stuff .A. is a film directed by Lev GrossmanB. is an influential book by Tom WolfeC. accounts for popular American phrasesD. deals with incredible places in the world58. According to the passage, Tom Wolfe .A. was good at reporting news from a realistic perspectiveB. preferred making claims about events to writing booksC. was fond of commenting on other people’s thoughtsD. liked analyzing social problems from the outside59. Which of the following is the best title for the passageA. Tom Wolfe: A Professional Phrase CoinerB. Tom Wolfe: A Forceful Observer and NovelistC. Tom Wolfe: A Theoretical Creator in LiteratureD. Tom Wolfe: An Innovative Journalist and Writer（B）Important facts about ELIQUIS® (apixaban)This is a summary of important information that you need to know about ELIQUIS. Keep this document in a safe place, so you can refer to it before and during your treatment.Look out for thefollowing signs as youread:Do not stop taking ELIQUIS without talking to the doctor who prescribed (开处方) it to you.Talk to your healthcare team before any medical procedures. ELIQUIS may need to be stoppedbefore surgery, or a medical or dental procedure. Your doctor will tell you when you shouldstop taking ELIQUIS and when you may start taking it again. If you have to stop takingELIQUIS, your doctor may prescribe another medicine to help prevent a blood clot fromforming.What is the possible serious side effect of ELIQUISELIQUIS can cause bleeding,which can be serious, and rarely may lead to death. This is because ELIQUIS is a blood thinner medicine that reduces blood clotting. While taking ELIQUIS, you may hurt more easily and it may take longer than usual for any bleeding to stop.Call your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any symptoms of bleeding when taking ELIQUIS.Who should not take ELIQUISELIQUIS is not for patients who:have artificial heart valves (瓣膜).currently have certaintypes of abnormalbleeding.have had a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction to ELIQUIS.What should I discuss with my healthcare team before starting ELIQUIS Talk to your healthcare team about the following:Liver problems Any other medicalconditions If you have ever had bleeding problemsTell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant orbreastfeed. You and your doctor should decide whether you will take ELIQUIS or breastfeed.You should not do both.Tell your healthcare team about all of the medicines you are taking.60. The important facts about ELIQUIS are mainly intended for .A. drugstoresB. patientsC. pregnant womenD. healthcare teams61. It can be inferred from the facts that a blood clot forms .A. when allergic reaction appearsB. when bleeding grows abnormalC. when blood pressure dropsD. when blood becomes thicker62. What can be inferred about ELIQUIS from the factsA. It can be harmful to babies.B. It can’t be taken with any other medicines.C. It shouldn’t be taken af ter a surgery.D. It may increase the risk of having dental problems.（C）The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it’s also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.A study by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), based on extensive satellite photographs and published in the journal Nature Sustainability, has revealed that the two countrieswith the world’s biggest populations are also responsible for the largest increase in gre enness.Since 2000, the planet’s green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 2 million square miles. That’s an area equivalent to the sum total of the Amazon rainforests, NASA says. But researchers stressed that the new greenery does not neutralize deforestation and its negative impacts on ecosystems elsewhere.A third of the leaf increase is thanks to China and India, due to the implementation of major tree-planting projects alongside a vast increase in agriculture.Using the data from a NASA sensor, researchers discovered that China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only percent of the world’s vegetated area (植被区). Forests account for 42 percent of that increase, while croplands make up a further 32 percent. China’s increase in forest area is the result of forest preservation and expansion programs, NASA said, established to fight against the impacts of climate change, air pollution and soil erosion (水土流失). India has contributed a further percent rise in green leaf area, with 82 percent from croplands and percent from forests.Rama Nemani, a co-author of the study and a researcher at NASA’s Ames Research Center, said in a statement, “When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it w as due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance.” “Now, with the data that lets us understand the phenomenon at really small scales, we see that humans are also contributing,” Nemani said. “This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action.”Thomas Pugh, a professor at the University of Birmingham’s School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, said the NASA report expands scientists’ understanding of the causes behind global greening. But he also cautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change.63. The passage mainly tells us that .A. China and India have the world’s largest green leaf areasB. China and India are the lead role players in global greeningC. our planet is experiencing a climate crisis despite human effortsD. our planet is getting greener due to the joint efforts of the world64. What can be learned about China and IndiaA. The area of croplands in India is larger than that in China.B. India’s rise in leaf area is largely due to its forestry program.C. They both show a greater increase in forests than in croplands.D. China boasts twenty-five percent of the global rise in leaf area.65. According to Rama Nemani, their new findings are .A. unexpected but significantB. surprising but valuelessC. predictable but disappointingD. uncontrollable but inspiring66. What can be inferred from the passageA. There is an indirect link between global greening and climate change.B. The new greenery does not have any positive effect on the global climate.C. The gain in greenness does not make up for the damage from loss of leaf area.D. The increase in greening reduces the deforestation rate and its impact globally.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Screen Time: How Much Is Too MuchMany children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices. 67 Perhaps parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.Until last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggested that children and teenagers have no more than two hours of screen time a day. It also suggests that parents balance a child’s screen time with other activities.68 Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notesa lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.Ferguson seems interested in one idea: the link between video games and violent or risky behavior. When he saw results from a recent British survey on screen time, he wanted to know more. The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day. 69 So, Ferguson and his team examined answers from a survey on risky behaviors. The study involved about 6,000 boys and girls in Florida, whose average age was 16.Data from this survey found that American children are also fairly resistant to the negative effectsof electronic media. Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a percent increase in criminal behavior; a percent increase in signs of depression; and a percent negative effect on school grades. 70 To further argue his point that screen time is not harmful, Ferguson adds that children should become familiar with screen technology. Electronic devices, he says, are a part of our everyday lives.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Fujian Puppetry (木偶剧) in Need of Urgent SafeguardingAs one of the contributions of Chinese performing art to the world’s cultural heritage (遗产), Fujian puppetry has a long history. It has developed a set of characteristic techniques of performance and puppet making, as well as plays and music.No final conclusions have yet been reached on the origins and evolution of Chinese puppetry. Dating from Shang dynasty, pottery figurines (陶俑) used as burial objects have been discovered at the Yin Ruins. In a Western Han tomb at Mawangdui in Changsha, Hunan Province, a number of wooden figurines have been unearthed. These were a great improvement on those from previous dynasties in terms of craftsmanship, variety and modeling. Over time, figurines as burial objects evolved into puppets for entertainment on festive occasions.Chinese puppetry further developed during the Ming and Qing dynasties, with a bunch of schools spreading across the country. Puppet shows from various places had their own characteristics in terms of figure modeling.In the past few decades, many traditional forms of art have seen a decline in popularity. In particular, Fujian puppetry finds itself in hot water. The number of young people learning puppetry has decreased due to socioeconomic changes to their lifestyles. The long period of training required to master the complicated performing techniques has also been a factor in the fall.In response, concerned communities, groups and bearers laid down the 2008-2020 Strategy for the Training of Coming Generations of Fujian Puppetry Practitioners. The key objectives are to safeguard the promotion of Fujian Puppetry and to increase its sustainability through professional training to cultivate a new generation of puppetry practitioners; creation of teaching materials; construction of training institutes and exhibition halls; regional and international cooperation; and artistic exchange.In 2012, the strategy was added to the Register of Good Safeguarding Practices by the UNESCO. With great efforts made by practitioners, local people and education institutions, Fujian Puppetry can expect a brighter future.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 开展研究之前，你必须进行可行性分析。
上海市崇明区2019届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题 含解析
崇明区2019届第二次高考模拟考试试卷英语(考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. A pilot.B. An airhost.C. A passenger.D. A taxi driver. 【答案】D【解析】【分析】M: Madam, where do you want to go?W: Could you drop me off at the airport?Q: What is most probably the man’s occupation?【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
2.A. In a bank.B. In a hotel.C. In a clinic.D. In a university.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W: Please register your information here and pay for it. And I’ll make a medical record for you.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
2019.04上海金山区高考英语二模试卷附参考答案
2019.04上海金山区高考英语二模试卷(满分140分，完卷时间120分钟)2019.04I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.At a shop. B.In a car.C.In a plane.D.On a farm.2.A.Customer and shop assistant. B.Trainer and trainee.C.Customer and travel agent.D.Sailor and tourist.3.A.S2. B.$15. C.$3. D.$3.5.4.A.A travel agency. B.Sales strategies.C.A job opportunity.D.Tour news.5.A.She is very busy.B.She dislikes parties.C.She has an invitation already.D.She questions the man's purpose.6.A.The club members aren't available.B.The Internet doesn't work.C.She doesn't have time to do it.D.The email hasn't been ready.7.A.She is going to miss her first class.B.She prefers going to the dentist later in the day.C.The man will be back before his first class.D.The man might sleep late and miss his appointment.8.A.She could help the man a lot.B.She's never been to the city.C.She knows the city very well.D.She doesn't remember much about the city.9.A.He was sorry for the woman's absence.B.He was happy about the woman's absence.C.He suggested the woman bring her daughter.D.He suggested the woman visit the university,10.A.The man forgot to go to the cinema with the woman.B.Both of the speakers enjoyed the film.C.An exciting film will be on next week.D.The woman was interested in exploring space.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and a logger conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.Their project has lasted for a year.B..Their project is a part of their research.C.They were born and bred in New York.D.They liked to talk to strangers when young.12.A.Ambitious. B.Difficult.C.Creative.D.Well-prepared.13.A.Two psychologists conduct field research on New York streets.B.Two young men listen to people and give them their suggestions.C.Two psychologists help solve people's problems with what they learn.D.Two young people encourage people to talk to them,believing it can help.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Mark Zuckerberg and Bill Gates are middle children.petitive and flexible personalities decide their successC.They share the idealistic personalities and pursue perfectionD.Their sensitivity to the surroundings leads to their achievement15.A.Scientists. B.Chief executive officials.C.Artists.D.Classical music players.16.A.Family size plays a part.B.Birth order affects personality.C.Birth order influences career paths.D.How people achieve their success.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Because of their durability.B.Because they are symbols of status.C.Because of the trend in fashion.D.Because they look quite appealing.18.A.The man was the creator of jeans.B.The man applied for a patent for jeans.C.Levi's led to the popularity of jeans.D.Levi's led to a flood of fake products.19.A.They are durable and wash easily.B.They appear on sex and violence ads.C.They win the favor of many women liberalists.D.They are influenced by cowboy style and rebellious spirit.20.A.The advantages of jeans.B.The culture of western America.C.The history of jeans.D.The change of jeans.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Time to Learn How to SortWhatever we don't want--no matter whether it's eggshells,newspapers,soda cans or old socks--it's.all garbage.And garbage goes to the garbage bin.There seems to be(21)________wrong with that.But do you really know how to throw away garbage properly?China(22)________(promote)garbage sorting for over a decade,but for the majority of the public the concept hasn't sunk in.Shen Zhen issued a new regulation.It says residents will be fined up to100yuan and organizations1,000yuan for not sorting rubbish(23)________specific groups.It's evident that the government is determined to push this forward,"said Zhang Ning,a program officer(24)________(serve)in a Beijing-based public welfare organization.But I'm afraid the regulation will prove to be counter-productive because garbage sorting has never been achieved by merely imposing punishments."A recent survey found that49.5percent of the respondents said they still don’t know how to sort garbage,(25)________45.5percent just cant be bothered to do it.Lots of citizens(26)________ (confuse)about what's recyclable and what's general waste.For example,it's scarcely known that tissue is non-recyclable because it's too moisture-prone and usually too polluted(27)________(recycle)."said Zhang,a representative.According to Zhang,70percent of garbage is a(28)________(misplace)resource.For instance, a ton of waste steel can be refined into0.9tons of usable steel,and a ton of kitchen waste is able to produce0.3tons of organic fertilizer.But all of this is based on the condition(29)________the garbage is categorized properly.And the behavior of households(30)________he sorting process initially starts-is the key.Garbage sorting is a chain effect.Misconduct at the very beginning will make all the followingGarbage sorting is a complex issue and takes patience.So next time when you throw away what is called garbage do it in the right way.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.marginalB.personaC.slidingD.promiseE.countedF.gapsG.profitsH.distributedI.relief J.maturing K.levelingBad News for Apple;Good News for HumanityWhen Apple cut its revenue estimate(收益预期)for the last quarter of2018because of unexpectedly slow sales of iPhones,markets trembled.The company's share price,which had been (31)________or months,fell by a further10%on January3rd,the day after the news came out.Apple's suppliers"shares were also hit._Analysts assume that the number of smartphones sold in2018will be slightly lower than in 2017,the industry's first.ever annual decline.All this is terrible news for investors who had (32)________on continued growth.But step back and look at the bigger picture.That smartphone sales have peaked,and seem to be(33)________off at around1.4billion units a year,is good news for humanity.The slowdown is actually the result of market saturation(U$l),which hits Apple the hardest because,despite a relatively small market share(13%of smartphone users),it captures almost all of the industry’s(34)________.But Apple’s pain is humanity’s gain.The fact that the benefits of these magical devices are now so widely(35)________is something to be celebrated.Now many phones are used for longer than three years,often as hand-me-downs.Replacement cycles are lengthening as new models offer only(36)________improvements.So even with flat sales, the longer(37)________between upgrades mean people who already have phones benefit.For all but the most addicted device fans,the slowing pace of upgrades comes as a welcome(38)________.Does that mean innovation is slowing?No.As computers become smaller,still more(39)________and closer to people's bodies,many technicians expect that wearable devices,from smart watches to AR headsets,will be the next big thing.Even so,finding another product with the scope of the smartphone is a tall order.The smartphone.holds its (40)________as the device that will make computing and communications worldwide.The recent slowing of smartphone sales is bad news for the industry,obviously.But for the rest of humanity it is a welcome sign that a transformative technology has become almost universal.III.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D..Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Now,U.Ѕ.researchers have identified a new way to treat people infected with tuberculosis (肺结核)before they get sick.Tuberculosis is one of the world's most (41)________health threats.The World Health Organization says tuberculosis kills nearly two million people each year.Another two billion are (42)________:they are infected,but don't have symptoms of the disease.Those at highest risk can take medicine,but Vanderbilt University researcher Timothy Sterling says not everyone (43)________with the treatment,which is a daily dose of isoniazid (异烟肼，抗结核药)for nine months.So although the medication is highly effective if people take all of their medication,many people do not take all their medication and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment plan is (44)________.As a(n)(45)________,Sterling and his colleagues(46)________іѕоnіаzіd with another drug,rifapentine (利福喷汀).The combination was taken weekly,not daily,for just three months.And the results of this study showed that the new treatment plan ---the three months of isoniazid and rifapentine ---was as effective as the nine-month isoniazid treatment plan.(47)________,the short-course,three-month treatment plan had higher treatment completion rates and was also well (48)________.There was some other difference.The two-drug,combination treatment was administered as directly (49)________therapy.That means the patients took their medicine in the presence of a health care worker,to ensure that they followed the treatment plan.This was a large study,involving 7,500participants in North America,Spain,and Brazil.Sterling (50)________that most of the people in this study were HIV-negative.The results might be (51)________for HIV-positive people.A recent study in South Africa indicated that the combination therapy works well in people infected with HIV as well as tuberculosis,but the study was too small to be (52)________Timothy Sterling's research,published in The New England Journal of Medicine,has been (53)________by the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,the CDC.The government health agency recommends the 12-dose weekly combination treatment as an equal alternative to the 270-dose daily treatment plan that has been the (54)________therapy.But because of possible (55)________issues,the CDC still recommends the daily treatment plan for HIV-positive patients who are taking antiretroviral drugs or women who are pregnant.Also because of a lack.of data,the CDC says children under age 12should stay with the nine-month daily treatment.41. A.public B.persistent C.predictable d 42.A.out of controlB.beyond expectationC.without hopeD.under threat 43. A.put up B.follow through C.get along e up 44. A.decreased B.maximized C.measured D.enhanced 45. A.supplement B.substitute C.promotion D.alternative 46. A.mixed B.replaced C.associated D.connected 47. A.As a result B.In addition C.In fact D.For instance 48. A.imposed B.tolerated C.cultivated D.infected 49. A.isolated B.implemented C.observed D.required 50. A.argues B.suggests mands D.warns 51. A.inevitable B.negative C.distinct D.indirect 52. A.definite B.desired C.logical D.detailed53. A.conducted B.proved C.demonstrated D.approved54. A.similar B.unique C.standard D.peculiar55. A.personal B.crucial C.age D.safetySection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)If a person who lived200years ago was treated for a seizure(癫痫)today,they would be surprised by the treatment's freshness.That's because doctors in the1800s were influenced more by original medical beliefs than science.Rather than thinking the brain caused seizures,people in the1800s still thought they were the result of strange forces.They associated seizures with the work of evil spirits.Others felt that the seizures had a cosmic or lunar cause.They believed that the cycles of the moon and stars could make someone have a seizure.During a process to treat a patient who has seizures,doctors would force the patient to pray for the grace of the God.They thought if the patient did this,then the patient would rid themselves of the evil spirits causing the seizures.The arrival of modern psychiatry(精神病学)ocurred during the1800s.At that time people who suffered from seizures were placed in psychiatric hospitals.They were treated like they were mad. However,none of the out-of-date treatments worked.It wasn’t until the late1850s that the causes of seizures were understood.We know today that these causes.are related to the brain.Misfired signals from the brain cause a jerking refer(反射)in the body.These usually occur when someone is very tired.Once the causes of seizures were known,definitive treatments were developed.Today, treatments range from taking pills to having surgery.Treatment is personalized according to the type of seizure the patient has.Even today,some people are unsure about seizures.Their most common mistake is thinking that a person having a seizure will swallow their tongue.They often push some implement roughly in the person's mouth.However,this doesn’t help.The implement often blocks the airway and prevents the person from breathing.Yet most of the public no longer fear people who have seizures.Instead,they can now help and comfort a person if they have a seizure.56.Why would someone from the past be surprised by today's treatments for seizures?A.Because they believed in scientific treatment for seizures.B.Because they believed seizures were caused by strange forces in nature.C.Because they believed there would be no cure for seizures.D.Because they believed patient would treat seizures by himself.57.During the arrival of modern psychiatry,how were people treated in psychiatric hospitals?A.They were forced to ask the God for mercy.B.They worked for the old-fashioned treatment.C.They were considered senseless.D.They were treated as evil spirits.58.Which of the following condition can cause a seizure?A.Rashes and other skin problems.B.Infected wounds.C.Stomach disorders.D.Brain injuries.59.What's the best title of the passage?A.Symptoms Old and NewB.Universal Forces or ScienceC.Seizures Now and ThenD.Treatments Effective or Not(B)How a few members of the animal kingdom handle the transition to adulthood?African elephantsThese beautiful beasts come close to imitate teen rebellion.Calves spend a decade with their mothers in female---dominated groups---and ladies stay there but adolescent boys leave mom for noisy crews of bros.In their20s,they often downsize to smaller male groups.Orangutans(猩猩)Slow metabolism allows these primates to survive food shortages times when weather makes ripe fruit scarce.But energy efficiency comes at a cost;growth and maturation take time.Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does.Oreas(逆载鲸)Killer whales join their mother's familial group for life.This lasting-relationship seems to increase a pup's chance of survival;if mom dies,a young male(under30)is three times more Iikely to die than a peer whose mother is alive.Risk of death post-mom-mortem rises as kids get older.Harp sealsA harp seal's“childhood”lasts just12days.A pup's sole purpose during.that brief period of coddling(宠爱)is to constantly nurse,gaining a fifth of its birth weight in blubber(鲸脂)every day. Once it's fat-they become greater from25to80pounds---it slides off the ice and takes on the sea. Wolf spidersEvery parent knows that tired toddlers love to hitch a piggyback ride.The wolf spider straps all her babies(40or50,on average)onto her back at once,carrying the brood until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood.But luckily she only has to pull them for a few days.60.According to the passage,which animals take the biggest responsibility in raising their young?A.Harp seals.B.African elephantsC.Oreas.D.Wolf spiders.61.What can we learn from the sentence“But luckily she only has to pull them for a few days?”A.Other grown wolf spiders will come to take care of the babies.B.The toddlers are too heavy for parents to hitch a piggyback ride.C.Baby spiders are able to live on their own after a short period of time.D.Baby spiders can make full use of spider-hood before they leave their parents.62.Who will be interested in this passage?A.A student who is doing a project on animal growth.B.A kid who is keen on animal watching.C.A zoo-worker who is responsible for visitors safety.D.A doctor who specializes in animals'health.(C)As advances in auto-technology have placed a huge number of self-driving machines on our roads and sidewalks,a side product has materialized in recent years:robot-babysitting.In Phoenix,human attendants w ill remotely monitor Google's upcoming Waymo robot-taxis,using the cars cameras to evaluate and adapt to passenger or road challenges.State safety regulations typically require that auto-vehicles be accompanied at all times by humans.These professionals job titles range from robot handler to safety driver,but they have essentially the same responsibilities:monitoring robot behavior for safety and performance,and answering questions about the technology.Broadly speaking, robot-babysitting jobs fall under the umbrella of careers in automation,which include maintenance, engineering,and programming.However,some observers note that certain kinds of robot-babysitting---the kind that is boring and doesn't require much education--can make for thankless work.The safety drivers who sit in self-driving cars have described their roles as“exhausting and demanding,"and many told me about the constant pressure to stay vigilant at all times.It's incredibly hard to sit in a chair and stare at a computer without doing anything for eight hours,"Ramsey said.But you do not need a Ph.D.to do it.In March 2018,the field of robot babysitting took a beating when a self-driving Uber in Tempe,Arizona,hit a 49-year old named Elaine Herzberg.Dashcam footage showed that Rafaela Vasquez,the car's safety driver,had not been looking at the road when the accident occurred.Investigators are deciding if Vasquez will be charged with murder.According to the McKinsey Global Institute,10million to800million jobs globally could be lost to automation by2030.In the long term,it's inevitable that robot-babysitters will go the way of elevator operators and lamplighters.But they'll also birth new robot related roles.A huge number of jobs will be created as auto-vehicles are loosed into the environment,"Ramsey said.In2016,Bosch started training students from Schooleraft College,a community college in Michigan,in auto-vehicle repair:Toyota has trained students in maintenance as well.We might even see a return to low-level jobs where people come and fuel the car for you,Ramsey said.Until we can wirelessly charge,someone needs to refuel them.The hardest-to-automate industries,as it happens,arc the ones that require looking after humans:childcare,education,health-care aides.Robot babysitters might feel like they have gained the job of the future.But in fact,real babysitters might be better positioned.63.Robot-babysitting jobs do NOT include________.A.answering the questions about the technique.B.observing the certain kinds of the robot-babysitter.C.monitoring the potential problems of the auto-vehicles.D.maintaining the vehicles which are out of order.64.The underlined word vigilant most probably means________.A.gratefulB.suspiciousC.fitD.alert65.According to Ramsey,what will happen when auto-vehicles are released into the market?A.A lot of opportunities will be created.B.A large number of people will be out of work.C.Auto-vehicles will become much cheaper.D.Many people will turn to buying auto-cars.66.What's this passage mainly about?A.The Rise and Fall of Robot Babysitters.B.The Future of Auto-Vehicles.C.The Life and Employment of the Future.D.The Position of Robot Babysitters.Section CDirections:Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.It's not difficult to tell the Polaris apart from the pile of other stars in the universe.B.People who are lost can be relieved by gazing up at Polaris.C.By knowing directions and their location,sailors could easily steer their ships.D.They could destroy entire journeys by blocking the view of Polaris.E.It's certain that the Polaris is part of a constellation(星座),which is not far from itF.It is special because it is the only star that always appears to be in the same place in the sky.The North StarAmong the pile of stars in the universe,there are a couple that are of great importance to peopleon Earth.The sun,of course,is one of them.The other is known as Polaris,the North Star.(67)__________.Therefore,it is a great compass(指南针).When people in the northern part of Earth look toward Polaris,they can be certain that they are facing north.The permanence of Polaris in the north sky has helped countless people find their destinations.Before the invention of modern navigation tools,sailors relied on Polaris.From the top of their ships,sailors would look for Polaris to figure out their place at sea.They figured out the angle between the star and the horizon to determine their latitude(EFQ).As long as the equations were not wrong,the results were very reliable.Polaris also let sailors determine North,South,East,and West.(68)__________To those who sail at night,changeable storms and dark clouds were more than annoying things.(69)__________:.It's possible for a captain to make an accidental wrong turn.The ship could become stranded at sea,and the frustrated captain would have no way to get the ship back on the right course.The sailor's fears wouldn't be relieved until the clouds cleared and Polaris came back into view. Even today,sailors sometimes choose to steer by using Polaris on clear nights.(70)__________.The Big Dipper,a constellation that is well known in astrology,appears to revolve around Polaris.The handle of the Big Dipper always points to the North Star.When people get lost,it's comforting to know that their problems can be relieved by looking at the sky.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize in no more than60words the main idea of the passage and how it is e your own words as far as possible.71.Unfair ComparisonsThanks to social media,the distance between friends is smaller than ever.But does that make us happier?Not necessarily.A recent study has found spending too much time comparing your life with the seemingly perfect lives of your friends on social media can result in depressive symptoms.We've all done it---browsing through our WeChat friends updates while feeling that green-eyed monster holding its head in our minds:Are their homes bigger and more tasteful?Are their vacations more expensive and exciting?Are their careers more successful and rewarding?Comparison is the thief of joy.The more time you spend on social media,the more likely it is for you to feel depressive symptoms,according to a new study out of University of Houston.The study, led by Mai-Ly Steers,examines the potential impact online social comparison can have on a person's mental health.The underlying mechanism is social comparison,"Steers said.The reason why you feel these feelings is that you tend to socially compare yourself with your friends.This social comparison theory was popularized by US psychologist Leon Festinger in the1950s. According to an article in The Atlantic,Festinger argued that people have born tendencies to track their progress and measure their self-worth by comparing themselves with other people.That social comparison leads to feelings of insignificance and insecurity.Research has since found that making social comparisons,especially upward comparisons to people we think above us.for whatever reason), are associated with negative health outcomes like depressive symptoms and decreased self-esteem.You can't really control the strong desire to compare because you never know what your friends are going to post,In addition,most of our friends tend to post about the good things that occur in their lives,while leaving out the bad.If we're comparing ourselves with our friends"sharable highlights",this may lead us to think their lives are better than they actually are,and thus make us fee1worse about our own lives."So if you are the jealous type,maybe think about signing off of your WeChat for a while. Your well-being may depend on itV.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.尽管他已经非常尽力,他还是没能弥补损失。
2019届上海市崇明区高三英语二模(含答案)
崇明区2019届第二次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A pilot. B. An airhost. C. A passenger. D. A taxi driver.2. A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a clinic. D. In a university.3. A. Order for the man. B. Recalculate the bill.C. Refuse to pay the bill.D. Give the man a discount.4. A. He forgot about the football game. B. He can’t endure the loud noise from the game.C. He thought the game was disappointing.D. He doesn’t think football games make any sense.5. A. She’d like the man to touch the report for her.B. She’s already finished her report on the movie.C. She’ll be unable to see the movie with the man.D. She prefers a different type of movie to a comedy.6. A. He’s got an extra train schedule. B. He’s going to Philadelphia by train.C. He’s already missed his train.D. He’s familiar with the train station.7. A. He’s satisfied with his job. B. He’s got trouble finding a job.C. He likes working in hot summer.D. He gets more pay than expected.8. A. The man and the woman did the research together.B. The woman did n’t work hard enough on her paper.C. The professor was content with the woman’s paper.D. The paper wasn’t as good as the woman had thought.9. A. She’ll consider the man’s invitation. B. She doesn’t want to join a gardening club.C. She doesn’t ha ve time to work in a garden.D. She’s never been formally invited into a club.10. A. He won’t vote for the woman.B. He may also run for class president.C. The woman shouldn’t have asked him for his vote.D. The woman should ask his roommate to vote for her.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Crows are particularly clever birds. B. Crows have been trained to work for a park.C. Crows are popular with theme parks.D. Crows have long been seen as symbols of evil.12. A. Collecting garbage. B. Giving gifts to visitors.C. Using various tools.D. Remembering visitors’ faces.13. A. To show visitors can be more careful to keep the park clean.B. To train more crows to clear up the park in a more rapid way.C. To communicate with crows and establish a relationship with them.D. To indicate humans can learn from nature to protect the environment.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To save space. B. To reach for the sky. C. To attract tourists. D. To be seen miles away.15. A. They fail to inspire the culture. B. They threaten the city’s development.C. They have rather odd nicknames.D. They make old landmarks hard to see.16. A. Skyscrapers are usually ugly. B. The Shard is the world’s tallest building.C. London’s upward expansion is continuing.D. London’s replaced off ice blocks with high-rises.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The expansion of the cafeteria. B. The cost of meals in the cafeteria.C. The food served in the cafeteria.D. The job opportunities in the cafeteria.18. A. Cooking food for the students. B. Serving food for the students.C. Improving meals’ nutritional value.D. Listening to complaints about service.19. A. To give nutrition lessons to students.B. To collect students’ opinions about meals.C. To find more students to work in the cafeteria.D. To ask students to try a new dish she has made.20. A. A little curious. B. Very amazed.C. Quite confused.D. A bit doubtful.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.New “Star Wars” Attractions Set to Open at Disney Theme Parks in 2019 The galaxy (银河系) that seems so far, far away just got a little closer.On Tuesday, Disney announced “Star Wars: Galaxy’s Edge”, a highly (21)(expect) themed land under construction, would open in summer 2019 at California’s Disneyland and in late fall 2019 at Florida’s Disney World.(22) the announcement was made, officials had only said the new land would open soon.No specific date (23) (announce) for the Disneyland opening. But if past summer openings are any indication, “Galaxy’s Edge” is expected to open in late June.The additions will be Disney’s (24)(big) “single-themed land expansion” ever, according to Disney CEO Bob Iger. Each will be an expansive 14 acres (英亩). A copy of the Millennium Falcon spaceship, (25) guests will be able to pilot, will be a key attraction.Galaxy’s Edge will immerse(使沉浸于) visitors in the Star Wars universe, (26) (transport) them to a never-before-seen Star Wars planet—a remote trading port largely ignored by warring people and one of the last stops before wild space. This planet is (27) Star Wars characters and their stories will come to life. It will feature two major attractions: (28) allowing guests to pilot the Millennium Falcon and the other dropping riders into the middle of a battle. The most advanced video techniques are expected to power each attraction.Even as Galaxy’s Edge (29)(approach), Disneyland is making changes, both large and small, in advance. Recent projects have shifted queues for “Dumbo the Flying Elephant” and “It’s a Small World”. These are the efforts to improve traffic flows near the attractions. Similar changes have been made in Adventureland (30) (ease) congestion points. Work has started on a new luxury resort in Downtown Disney. Officials have closed Rainforest Café, ESPN Zone and AMC Theaters to make room.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Titanic II Could Sail as Soon as 2022If you thought the long-delayed project to launch a full-size copy of the ill-fated Royal Mail Ship Titanic was sunk in the water—think again. Just like Celine Dion sang back in 1997, the travel project will “go on and on.”Australian businessman and politician Clive Palmer, who is behind the 31 , announced in September that work on the ship had started again. The idea was first floated in 2012. It is said that the new ship will be a(n) 32 copy of the infamous ship, which sank in 1912 following a crash with an iceberg (冰山).To avoid a(n) 33 disaster, Titanic II will apparently be equipped with plenty of life boats, modern navigation (导航) and radar equipment. The first voyage, however, will take passengers from Dubai to New York, reports CruiseArabia, with the first sailing 34 to take place in 2022. Blue Star Line says the nine-decked ship will be home to 835 cabins, and 2,435 passengers will be 35 . You’ll be able to buy first-, second- and third-class tickets—just like in the original.Meanwhile tourists with plenty of money might soon have the chance to dive to the 36 of the original Titanic. American company OceanGate has planned diving trips for 2019, costing $105,129 per person.Of course, the original Titanic voyage ended in 37 , with over 1,500 people losing their lives. For many, voyages to the original ship are in bad taste. Steve Sims, founder of The Bluefish, said earlier in 2018 that he doesn’t see diving to the original one as 38 .Realistically, it’s 39 whether Titanic II will ever see the light of day—or whether the diving tours will happen soon. But one thing is for certain, more than 100 years after the Titanic’s first and only voyage, global interest in this sh ip shows no 40 of slowing down.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Lying in a Foreign Language Is EasierMost people don’t find it more difficul t to lie in a foreign language than in their native tongue. However, things are different when telling the truth: This is clearly more difficult for many people in a foreign language than in their native one.This 41 conclusion is the result of a study conducted by two psychologists from the University of Würzburg: Kristina Suchotzki and Matthias Gamer. The two scientists presented their 42 in Journal of Experimental Psychology.Their findings could be important for a lot of processes in which the trustworthiness of certain people must be 43 . In such situations, reports by non-native speakers tend to be considered as less 44 even though they may betruthful. Their discovery also explains another 45 , namely that people communicating in a foreign language are generally considered as less trustworthy.There are two research 46 to predict differences between deception and truth telling in a native compared to a second language.Research from cognitive (认知的)load theory suggests that lying is more difficult in a foreign language. “Compared to truth telling, lying is a cognitively more 47 task,” Kristina Suchotzki explains. Adding a foreign language imposes an additional cognitive 48 which makes lying even more difficult.Lying is easier in a foreign language: This should be true according to the emotional distance hypothesis (假设). This assumption is based on the fact that lying is 49 more emotions than staying with the truth. Liars have higher stress levels and are more tense. Research shows that compared to speaking in a native language, communicating in a second language is less 50arousing. Accordingly, this 51 emotional arousal would promote lying.To settle this question, the Würzburg psychologists conducted a number of experiments in which up to 50 test persons had to complete specific tasks. They were asked to answer a number of questions—sometimes 52 and sometimes deceptively both in their native language and in a foreign language. Some questions were 53 ; other questions were clearly emotional.The results show that it usually takes longer to answer emotional questions. Answers in the foreign language also take longer. And generally, it takes longer to tell a lie than to tell the truth. However, the time differences between deceptive and truthful answers are less 54 in a second language than in the native language.The data suggest that the increased cognitive effort is responsible for the prolongation(延长) of the truth 55 in the foreign language. The reason why this prolongation almost does not exist in lying can be explained with the emotional distance hypothesis: The greater emotional distance in a foreign language thus “cancels out” the higher cognitive load when lying.41. A. similar B. unexpected C. disappointing D. inevitable42. A. insights B. principles C. expectations D. justifications43. A. classified B. substituted C. modified D. evaluated44. A. accurate B. believable C. sensitive D. informative45. A. reason B. difference C. origin D. phenomenon46. A. results B. methods C. theories D. questions47. A. inviting B. embarrassing C. rewarding D. demanding48. A. challenge B. perspective C. strategy D. context49. A. aimed at B. prepared for C. associated with D. applied to50. A. emotionally B. alternatively C. fundamentally D. suspiciously51. A. advanced B. reduced C. adapted D. altered52. A. directly B. confidently C. truthfully D. initially53. A. tough B. concrete C. irrelevant D. neutral54. A. appealing B. obvious C. important D. reasonable55. A. claim B. element C. commission D. responseSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）In a career that lasted more than half a century, Tom Wolfe wrote fiction and nonfiction best-sellers including The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test and The Bonfire of the Vanities. Along the way, he created a new type of journalism and coined phrases that became part of the American vocabulary.Wolfe began working as a newspaper reporter, first for The Washington Post, then the New York Herald Tribune. He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the “New Journalism.” “I’ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable,” he said. “The things that work in nonfiction would work in fiction, and vice versa.”“When Tom Wolfe’s voice broke into the world of nonfiction, it was a time when a lot of writers, and a lot of artists in general, were turning inwards,” says Lev Grossman, book critic for Time magazine. “Wolfe didn’t do that. Wolfeturned outwards. He was a guy who was interested in other people.” Wolfe was interested in how they thought, how they did things and how the things they did affected the world around them.In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account of the military test pilots who became America’s first astronauts. Four years later, the book was adapted as a feature film. “The Right Stuff was th e book for me,” says Grossman. “It reminded me, in case I’d forgotten, that the world is an incredible place.”In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase “pushing the envelope.” In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as “The ‘Me’ Decade.” Grossman says these phrases became part of the American idiom because they were accurate.“He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality,” Grossman says. “He did it well and people heard him. And they repeated what he said because he was right.” All those words started a revolution in nonfiction that is still going on.56. The “New Journalism” is a style of journalism that .A. changes its news writing techniques frequentlyB. popularizes new American idioms in a literary wayC. combines novelistic techniques with traditional reportingD. reports various news events from a theoretical perspective57. It can be learned from the passage that The Right Stuff.A. is a film directed by Lev GrossmanB. is an influential book by Tom WolfeC. accounts for popular American phrasesD. deals with incredible places in the world58. According to the passage, Tom Wolfe .A. was good at reporting news from a realistic perspectiveB. preferred making claims about events to writing booksC. was fond of commenting on other people’s thoughtsD. liked analyzing social problems from the outside59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Tom Wolfe: A Professional Phrase CoinerB. Tom Wolfe: A Forceful Observer and NovelistC. Tom Wolfe: A Theoretical Creator in LiteratureD. Tom Wolfe: An Innovative Journalist and Writer（B）Important facts about ELIQUIS® (apixaban)This is a summary of important information that you need to know about ELIQUIS. Keep this document in a safe place, so you can refer to it before and during your treatment.Look out for the followingsigns as you read:Do not stop taking ELIQUIS without talking to the doctor who prescribed (开处方) it to you.Talk to your healthcare team before any medical procedures. ELIQUIS may need to be stopped beforesurgery, or a medical or dental procedure. Your doctor will tell you when you should stop taking ELIQUISand when you may start taking it again. If you have to stop taking ELIQUIS, your doctor may prescribeanother medicine to help prevent a blood clot from forming.What is the possible serious side effect of ELIQUIS?ELIQUIS can cause bleeding, which can be serious, and rarely may lead to death. This is because ELIQUIS isa blood thinner medicine that reduces blood clotting. While taking ELIQUIS, you may hurt more easily and itmay take longer than usual for any bleeding to stop.Call your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any symptoms of bleeding when taking ELIQUIS.Who should not take ELIQUIS?ELIQUIS is not for patients who:▪have artificial heart valves (瓣膜). ▪currently have certain typesof abnormal bleeding.▪have had a serious allergic (过敏的)reaction to ELIQUIS.What should I discuss with my healthcare team before starting ELIQUIS?Talk to your healthcare team about the following:▪Liver problems ▪Any other medicalconditions▪If you have ever had bleeding problemsTell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant or breastfeed. Youand your doctor should decide whether you will take ELIQUIS or breastfeed. You should not do both.Tell your healthcare team about all of the medicines you are taking.60. The important facts about ELIQUIS are mainly intended for .A. drugstoresB. patientsC. pregnant womenD. healthcare teams61. It can be inferred from the facts that a blood clot forms .A. when allergic reaction appearsB. when bleeding grows abnormalC. when blood pressure dropsD. when blood becomes thicker62. What can be inferred about ELIQUIS from the facts?A. It can be harmful to babies.B. It can’t be taken with any other medicines.C. It shouldn’t be taken after a surgery.D. It may increase the risk of having dental problems.（C）The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it’s also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.A study by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), based on extensive satellite photographs and published in the journal Nature Sustainability, has revealed that the two countries with the world’s biggest populations are also responsible for the largest increase in greenness.Since 2000, the planet’s green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 2 million square miles. That’s an area equivalent to the sum total of the Amazon rainforests, NASA says. But researchers stressed that the new greenery does not neutralize deforestation and its negative impacts on ecosystems elsewhere.A third of the leaf increase is thanks to China and India, due to the implementation of major tree-planting projects alongside a vast increase in agriculture.Using the data from a NASA sensor, researchers discovered that China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only 6.6 percent of the world’s vegetated area(植被区). Forests account for 42 percent of that increase, while croplands make up a further 32 percent. China’s increase in forest area is the result of forest preservation and expansion programs, NASA said, established to fight against the impacts of climate change, air pollution and soil erosion (水土流失). India has contributed a further 6.8 percent rise in green leaf area, with 82 percent from croplands and 4.4 percent from forests.Rama Nemani, a co-author of the study and a researcher at NASA’s Ames Resea rch Center, said in a statement, “When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for i nstance.” “Now, with the data that lets us understand the phenomenon at really small scales, we see that humans are also contributing,” Nemani said. “This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which wil l help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action.”Thomas Pugh, a professor at the University of Birmingham’s School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, said the NASA report expands scientists’ understanding of the cause s behind global greening. But he alsocautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change.63. The passage mainly tells us that .A. China and India have the wor ld’s largest green leaf areasB. China and India are the lead role players in global greeningC. our planet is experiencing a climate crisis despite human effortsD. our planet is getting greener due to the joint efforts of the world64. What can be learned about China and India?A. The area of croplands in India is larger than that in China.B. India’s rise in leaf area is largely due to its forestry program.C. They both show a greater increase in forests than in croplands.D. China boasts twenty-five percent of the global rise in leaf area.65. According to Rama Nemani, their new findings are .A. unexpected but significantB. surprising but valuelessC. predictable but disappointingD. uncontrollable but inspiring66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. There is an indirect link between global greening and climate change.B. The new greenery does not have any positive effect on the global climate.C. The gain in greenness does not make up for the damage from loss of leaf area.D. The increase in greening reduces the deforestation rate and its impact globally.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Screen Time: How Much Is Too Much?Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices. 67 Perhaps parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.Until last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggested that children and teenagers have no more than two hours of screen time a day. It also suggests that parents balance a child’s screen time with other activities.68 Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.Ferguson seems interested in one idea: the link between video games and violent or risky behavior. When he saw results from a recent British survey on screen time, he wanted to know more. The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screentime a day. 69 So, Ferguson and his team examined answers from a survey on risky behaviors. The study involved about 6,000 boys and girls in Florida, whose average age was 16.Data from this survey found that American children are also fairly resistant to the negative effects of electronic media. Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. 70 To further argue his point that screen time is not harmful, Ferguson adds that children should become familiar with screen technology. Electronic devices, he says, are a part of our everyday lives.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Fujian Puppetry (木偶剧) in Need of Urgent SafeguardingAs one of the contributions of Chinese performing art to the world’s cultural heritage (遗产), Fujian puppetry has a long history. It has developed a set of characteristic techniques of performance and puppet making, as well as plays and music.No final conclusions have yet been reached on the origins and evolution of Chinese puppetry. Dating from Shang dynasty, pottery figurines (陶俑) used as burial objects have been discovered at the Yin Ruins. In a Western Han tomb at Mawangdui in Changsha, Hunan Province, a number of wooden figurines have been unearthed. These were a great improvement on those from previous dynasties in terms of craftsmanship, variety and modeling. Over time, figurines as burial objects evolved into puppets for entertainment on festive occasions.Chinese puppetry further developed during the Ming and Qing dynasties, with a bunch of schools spreading across the country. Puppet shows from various places had their own characteristics in terms of figure modeling.In the past few decades, many traditional forms of art have seen a decline in popularity. In particular, Fujian puppetry finds itself in hot water. The number of young people learning puppetry has decreased due to socioeconomic changes to their lifestyles. The long period of training required to master the complicated performing techniques has also been a factor in the fall.In response, concerned communities, groups and bearers laid down the 2008-2020 Strategy for the Training of Coming Generations of Fujian Puppetry Practitioners. The key objectives are to safeguard the promotion of Fujian Puppetry and to increase its sustainability through professional training to cultivate a new generation of puppetry practitioners; creation of teaching materials; construction of training institutes and exhibition halls; regional and international cooperation; and artistic exchange.In 2012, the strategy was added to the Register of Good Safeguarding Practices by the UNESCO. With great efforts made by practitioners, local people and education institutions, Fujian Puppetry can expect a brighter future.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 开展研究之前，你必须进行可行性分析。
2019-2020学年上海高三英语二模汇编--完形填空
2019--2020学年高三英语二模完型填空汇编One【虹口区】III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For years, life went something like this; We’d grow up in one place, head off to college, then find a city to live in for a few years to pursue a job or higher education. The end goal was to find somewhere to (41)_____ for the long trip, buy a house, make a few friends, start a family, and begin the whole (42)_____ all over again.But a new model for living is emerging; Some people are increasingly choosing to move from city to city throughout their entire lives, sometimes as (43)______ as every month.Just ask Alex Chatzielefteriou, who has had a front -row seat watching this evolution (44)______ and believes in the huge impact it is making or will make on the industry concerned. Six years ago, he (45)______ a start-up which is now called Blue-ground that rents out beautiful - designed, (46)_____ apartments for a month at a time, at rates that are cheaper than hotels. Today, the company has 3,000 (47)______ in six U. S. cities, along with Dubai, Istanbul, London, Paris, and Alex’s native Athens, and a staff of 400. The company just (48)______ $50 million in Series B funding, bring its total investment to $78 million, to continue its repaid (49)_____. It hopes to have 50,000 estates in 50 cities over the next three years, and the goal is to make each one feel unique and comfortable, rather than (50)_____, like what you might find in a traditional hotel.Alex first came up with the idea for Blue-ground while he was working as a management consultant for McKinsey. “The (51)______ of choice for consultants is the hotel,” he says. “I had to spend five years in a hotel room, (52)______ in twelve different cities. I loved seeing the world, but I didn’t love feeling like I didn’t have a home.” As he spoke to his friends and coworkers, he realized that many people buried themselves in (53)_____ due to this drifting lifestyle that meant living gout of a suitcase in the same few non-descript hotel chains that all began to mix together rather than in the “home” full of their own memories.(54)_____, Alex found the hotels aren’t particularly cost-effective solution for companies, either. (55)_____, McKinsey sometimes paid $10,000 or more for him to stay in a major city for a month, which was far more expensive than local rents.Is this new living model something that will really take off? Or is it just another flash in the pan? Let’s wait and see.41. A. move out B. settle down C. look around D. show up42. A. style B. rhythm C. cycle D. trend43. A. rarely B. frequently C. occasionally D. unusually44. A. unfold B. recover C. improve D. shrink45. A. completed B. involved C. launched D. overtook46. A. fully-furnished B. poorly-equipped C. ideally-suited D. newly-decorated47. A. landmarks B. vacancies C. properties D. terminals48. A. deposited B. reserved C. granted D. obtained49. A. distribution B. expansion C. combination D. stimulation50. A. casual B. special C. normal D. irregular51. A. attendance B. residence C. destination D. accommodation52. A. wandering B. touring C. observing D. exploring53. A. threat B. guilt C. danger D. frustration54. A. Moreover B. Nevertheless C. Briefly D. Consequently55. A. In a sense B. In his case C. On the scene D. On his occasion【答案】41-45 DCBAC 46-50 ACDBC 51-55 DADABTwo【黄浦区】III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Retailers(零售商)closed more than 9,000 stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail（41）______.” It is easy to owe it to the rise of e-commerce, which has boomed while physical stores struggle. But this can be (42)_____. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales total. Collectively, three major (43)_____ forces have had an even bigger impact on physical retail than the internet has.To begin with, we have changed (44)______ we shop — away from smaller stores like those in malls and toward stand-alone “Big Box” stores, which is a greater problem for most physical stores.Also, rising income (45)______ has left less of the nation’s money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that (46)______ them have suffered. It is estimated that since 1970, the share of the nation’s income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost two-thirds to around 40 percent. As the (47)______ of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because high-income people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports (48)______ for different income levels in the official Consumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income (49)_____ almost a third of their income after tax, while people in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income.(50)_____, as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall.Lastly, we have spent (51)______ less of income on things and more on services with every passing decade. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t (52)______ in traditional retail stores. Economists debate theories of why people have (53)______ to services and away from goods, but no one questions that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling (54)______ will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place.In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than in the power of (55)______. It’s a lesson all retailers will have to learn some day.41. A. business B. disaster C. investment D. strategy42. A. advanced B. confirmed C. overstated D. undervalued43. A. economic B. legal C. physical D. political44. A. how B. what C. where D. why45. A. distribution B. inequality C. level D. tax46. A. aim at B. approve of C. compete with D. stem from47. A. concentration B. influence C. security D. source48. A. education B. employment C. housing D. spending49. A. concealed B. donated C. earned D. saved50. A. Instead B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore51. A. cautiously B. intelligently C. proportionately D. prospectively52. A. available B. insufficient C. popular D. uncommon53. A. applied B. committed C. shifted D. tied54. A. ideas B. patents C. services D. things55. A. consumption B. habit C. income D. technology【答案】41-45 BCACB46-50 AADDD51-55 CACDDThree【浦东新区】III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Communication, One Major Part of the Scientific MethodScientists may feel it their duty to share their guesses, methods, and findings with the rest of the scientific community. This sharing serves two (41)______. First, it supports the basic deal of skepticism（怀疑论）by making it possible for others to say, “Oh, yeah? Let me check that.” It tells others where to see what the scientist saw, and what techniques and tools to use. Second, it gets the word out so that others can use what has been discovered. This is essential because science is a(n) (42)______ efforts. People who work thousands of miles apart build with and upon each other’s discoveries.The communication of science begins with “peer review”, a process of (43)______ an author’s scholarly work, research or ideas to the inspection of other experts. It typically has three stages. The first occurs when a scientists seeks funding - from government agencies, foundations, or other (44)______ -- to carry out a research program. He or she must prepare a report describing the intended work, laying out background, hypotheses（假设), planned experiments, expected results, and even the (45)______ impacts on other fields. Committees of other scientists then (46)______ the report to see whether the scientist knows his or her area, has the necessary abilities, and is realistic in his or her plans.Once the scientist has the needed (47)______, has done the work, and has written a report of the results, that reports will go to a scientific journal. Before publishing the report, the journal’s editors will show it to other workers in the same or (48)______ fields and ask whether the work was done adequately, the conclusion are justified, and the report should be published.The third stage of peer review happens are publication, when the broader scientific community gets to see and (49)______ the work.This three-stage quality-control process can, of course, be faulty. Any scientist with independent wealth can (50)______ the first stage quite easily but such scientists are much, much rarer today than they were a century or so ago. Those who remain are the object of envy. (51)______ , it is fair to say that they are not disapproved as were those who avoid the latter two stages of the “peer review” mechanisms by using press conferences.On the other hand, it is certainly possible for the standard peer review mechanisms to (52)______. By their nature, these mechanisms are more likely to (53)______ ideas that are not different from what the reviewers thinkthey already know. Yet the un-traditional or unconventional ideas are not (54)______ wrong, as Alfred Wegener proved when he tried to gain (55)_______ for the idea of continental drift in the early twentieth century. It was not until the 1960s that most geologists accepted his ideas as genuine insights.41. A. purposes B. duties C. interests D. needs42. A. innovative B. prospective C. cooperative D. plain43. A. accustoming B. addicting C. restricting D. subjecting44. A. projects B. sources C. unions D. departments45. A. stronger B. more limited C. more dramatic D. broader46. A. Look up B. go over C. long for D. call for47. A. funds B. fields C. impacts D. experiments48. A. different B. chosen C. related D. academic49. A. substitute B. create C. judge D. undertake50. A. reach B. mark C. hold D. skip51. A. Similarly B. Contrarily C. Surely D. Therefore52. A. fail B. function C. evolve D. work53. A. convey B. overlook C. reject D. approve54. A. necessarily B. particularly C. dramatically D. terribly55. A. confidence B. acceptance C. strength D. weight【答案】41-45 ACDBD 46-50 BACCD 51-55CADABFour【长宁/嘉定区】III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why do so few people find fulfillment in their work? Amy Wrzesniewski, a Yale School of Management professor who studies these issues, offered an explanation that made a lot of (41)_____. Students, she said, “think their calling is under a rock, and if they (42)_____ enough rocks, they will find it.”Surveys confirm that meaning is the top thing Millennials(千禧一代) say they want from a job. And yet her research shows that less than 50% of people see their work as a calling. So, many of her students are left feeling anxious, (43)______, and completely unsatisfied by the good jobs and careers they do secure.What they—and many of us, I think—fail to realize is that work can be (44)_____ even if you don’t think of itas a calling. The four most common occupations in America are retail (零售)salesperson, cashier, food preparer/server, and office clerk—jobs that aren’t typically (45)______“meaning.” But all have something in common with those professions that are, such as teachers and doctors: They exist to help others. And as Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has shown, people who see their work as a form of (46)_____always rank their jobs as more meaningful.That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. (47)_____, most companies create products or services to fill a need in the world, and all employees contribute in their own ways. The key is to become more conscious about the service you’re providing—(48)______ and personally.How? One strategy is to constantly remind yourself of your organization’s main (49)______. Life Is Good is a clothing company best known for colorful T-shirts with stick-figure designs, but its mission is to spread (50)______and hope throughout the world, and that’s something even storeroom employees understand. If you work for an accounting firm, you’re helping people or companies with the (51)______ task of doing their taxes.Even if you can’t get excited about your company’s mission or customers, you can still adopt a service attitude by thinking about how your work (52)______ those you love. Consider a study of women working in a shoe factory in Mexico. Researchers found that those who described the work as dull were generally less productive than those who said it was (53)______ . But the effects went away for those in the former group who saw the work (however boring) as a way to support their families. With that attitude, they were just as productive and (54)______as the workers who didn’t mind the task.Not everyone finds their one true calling. But that doesn’t mean we’re fated to work meaningless jobs. If we (55)______ our tasks as opportunities to help others, any occupation can feel more significant.41.A.progress B. trouble C. sense D.difference42.A. carve out B. turn over C. pile up D. keep off43.A. frustrated B. shocked C. inspired D. excited44.A. meaningful B. demanding C. repetitive D. challenging45.A. distinguished from B. exposed to C.associated with D.defined as46.A. understanding B. existing C. producing D. giving47.A.In conclusion B.After all C. By comparison D. In addition48.A. as a whole B. in this way C. in public D.on average49.A. advantage B. business C.objective D.construction50.A. optimism B. information C. designs D. strategies51.A. unpleasant B. dangerous C. productive D. urgent52.A. gathers B. benefits C. worries D. entertains53.A. embarrassing B. rewarding C. rough D.temporary54.A. relaxed B. surprised C. confused D.energized55. A. assign B. abandon C. neglect D. reframe【答案】41-45 CBAAC46-50 DBACA51-55 ABBDDFive【徐汇区】III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The true purpose of a business, Peter Drucker said, is to create and keep customers. “Customer value” has several definitions. I use the (41)______ to mean the total lifetime value of a company’s customer base. Companies can increase this value by (42)_____ more customers, earning more business from existing ones, keeping them longer, making their experience simpler through digital improvements and so on. (43)______ leaders have long understood the importance of concentrating on customer value rather than pursuing short-term profits or quarterly earnings, and they’ve become enduring customer loyalty leaders in the process. It’s worth noting that a number of loyalty-leading companies are able to (44)______ shareholder pressure, or avoid it altogether, because they are founder-led, customer-owned, or not publicly traded.Companies can (45)______ customer value in a variety of ways: To increase (46)______, enterprise software companies sometimes charge corporate customers change fees that can raise the total cost of ownership to as much as three times the original price. To reduce operating costs, restaurant chains sometimes (47)______ frozen and precooked ingredients in place of fresh and made-to-order food. The resulting profits may look good on the income statement. Such strategies may even lead to short-term earnings growth. But they also (48)_______ potential customers and encourage disloyalty.Given the importance of customer value, leaders should track it as much as they track other key assets (资产), such as buildings, machinery, and marketable securities. They also should reveal it in their quarterly and annual earnings releases so that investors can make (49)______ judgments about company performance and how itcompares with that of industry peers. But most companies (50)______ believe that measuring customer value is too difficult or costly. They continue to rely on a centuries-old accounting tradition that emphasizes physical and financial assets, and neither income statements nor balance sheets offer much (51)______ into the value of a company’s customers.As investors wake up to the importance of customer value, however, many growth-stage companies now direct investors’ attention to (52)______ in growing the value of their customer base. Some public companies increasingly report various types of customer value metrics (指标). One of the UK’s top energy suppliers E.ON, (53)______, reports year-over-year customer counts in its financial report. “As a customer-focused company,” E.ON noted, “we see customer value as crucial to our success.”This is a start, but because there are no customer-value reporting standards or requirements, investors still have a(n) (54)______ picture. The minority of companies that do provide customer value information decide for themselves what to disclose. (55)______, firms may calculate customer metrics differently or change them to tell a desired story, or simply stop reporting them if they fail to go with the company’s preferred narrative.41. A. item B. version C. term D. definition42. A. persuading B. consulting C. acquiring D. inspecting43. A. Considerate B. Visionary C. Determined D. Powerful44. A. resist B. relieve C. intensify D. maintain45. A. raise B. adopt C. calculate D. destroy46. A. income B. experience C. productivity D. demand47. A. separate B. substitute C. forbid D. combine48. A. appeal to B. rely on C. put down D. scare off49. A. informed B. subjective C. definitive D. independent50. A. fully B. hardly C. readily D. wrongly51. A. suspicion B. extension C. literacy D. visibility52. A. sacrifice B. success C. prejudice D. expense53. A. as a result B. for example C. on the contrary D. in general54. A. incomplete B. depressing C. convincing D. vivid55. A. Instead B. Further C. Otherwise D. Therefore【答案】41-45 CCBAD46-50 ABDAD51-55 DBBABSix【闵行区】III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The term “staycation” means vacations that you take at home or near your home rather than traveling to another place. It is closely connected with less pollution, saving money and not contributing to the overwhelming disorder that takes place in some of the world’s most touristic areas.The concept of staycation was born at the time of the 2008 market (41)_____ in the United States. Because of it, many households were forced to (42)______ their expenses and consequently limit their vacation budget. The shortage of money to travel abroad is at the origin of why many people started to (re) discover their most (43)______ surroundings.At the same time, awareness of the (44)______ impacts of tourism, especially on what concerns the impacts of transportation, started to increase too. And so did the perception that some of the main cities (abroad) are increasingly overloaded with people -- with places such as Barcelona, Venice, or the Seychelles planning on (45)_____ a tourist cap.Staycation appears like a great solution for the (46)______ above mentioned. It is a great way of spending joyful vacations while helping one’s (47)______ and the environment. (48)______, staying close to home eliminates the budget for accommodation and transport.Apart from the financial (49)______ gained by leaving behind expensive plane tickets or by not booking hotel rooms that aren’t cheap, staycation also has the benefit of keeping harmful (50)_____ in the ground. Cars, boats, and planes are not (or are less) used; (51)_____, other means of transport such as public transport, bicycles, electric scooters or just walking are favored. This allows people’s carbon footprints not to (52)______ as much as they would if long distances had been traveled.A staycation is a form of alternative tourism that is fully in line with the slow tourism trend. Slow tourism invites you to live in the (53)_____ moment. It encourages you to take your time, discover nearby landscapes, reconnect and spend more time outdoors in nature with the people you enjoy. There are no fully-booked days, and there is no (54)______ to go from one activity to another just to stay busy all the time.Given the multiple (55)______ of local tourism, you no longer have a reason to be embarrassed at the coffee machine at work when you are asked where you are going on vacation this year.41. A. value B. sector C. crisis D. shares42. A. restrict B. bear C. avoid D. meet43. A. cheerful B. immediate C. polluted D. attractive44. A. limited B. financial C. cultural D. environmental45. A. introducing B. stopping C. postponing D. raising46. A. challenges B. assessments C. tasks D. applications47. A. voyage B. mind C. pocket D. hometown48. A. In addition B. For example C. In fact D. On the contrary49. A. services B. advice C. resources D. savings50. A. emissions B. exposure C. vehicles D. strategies51. A. therefore B. instead C. however D. moreover52. A. last B. fall C. increase D. change53. A. historic B. present C. critical D. climatic54. A. good B. harm C. blame D. rush55. A. advantages B. challenges C. platforms D. themes【答案】41-45 CABD A 46-50 ACCDA 51-55 BCBDASeven【奉贤区】III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has (41) ______ it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is (42) ______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学) (a somewhat new, divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on somecontroversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that, to (43) ______ happiness, people should "build a life that requires (44) ______ decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level, Cerf’s idea (45) ______: Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of (46) ______ people around them. One example Cerf furnishes is that, (47) ______ consistently ordering the second menu item, he never picks where to eat. Rather, he (48) ______ his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with, probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's (49) ______ what, if any, scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice, there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more (50) ______ than liberating. An example from Quanta poits (假设) : If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架), choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力) or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力) should be a (51) ______. And, as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows, most of the time it is, (52) _______ you introduce more choices. When the participants were offered three candy bars (Snickers, Milky Way, and Almond Joy) they had no problem picking their favorite, but when they were given the option of one among 20, including Snickers, they would sometimes drift away from their (53) ______. When the choices were taken away in later trials, the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details, according to a model called "divisive normalization(分裂归一化), which has gained some popularity, the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So, if you have two things that are clearly (54) ______, brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear. When the choices are comparable, the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two, but more choices (55) ______ that ability out.41. A. relieved B. released C. eliminated D. liberated42. A. influenced B. inherited C. implemented D. informed43. A. maximize B. balance C. cherish D. seek44. A. safer B. fewer C. better D. sounder45. A. stands out B. comes into force C. makes sense D. plays a part46. A. distinguished B. trusted C. authorized D. honored47. A. in addition to B. instead of C. in spite of D. regardless of48. A. conveys B. relates C. submits D. limits49. A. evident B. unclear C. critical D. inevitable50. A. confusing B. inspiring C. worrying D. appealing51. A. stressor B. no-brainer C. challenge D. headache52. A. after B. before C. when D. until53. A. preference B. struggle C. status D. direction54. A. impressive B. insignificant C. unique D. distinct55. A. crowd B. figure C. sort D. put【答案】41-45 CDABC 46-50 BADBA 51-55 BDADAEight【静安区】Nine【崇明县】III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.High school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.School administrators needing to cut budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will (41)______ in those disciplines.“Our research proved this belief (42)______ and found the more the students engage with music, the better they do in those subjects,” said UBC (University of British Columbia) education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis. “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and (43)____ playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades, (44)______ their socioeconomic background, race, previous learning in mathematics and English, and gender.”Gouzouasis and his team (45)_____ data from all students in public schools in British Columbia who finished Grade 12 between 2012 and 2015. The data (46)____, made up of more than 112,000 students, included those who completed at least one standardized exam for math, science and English. Students who studied at least oneinstrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students (47)_____ music.The researchers found the (48)______ relationships between music education and academic achievement were more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal (发声的) music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music (49)______ very broadly to the students’ learning in school.“Learning to play a musical instrument and playing in a band is very (50)______ ,” said the study’s co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in UBC’s school of population and public health. “A student has to learn to read musical notes, develop eye-hand-mind coordination (协调), develop keen listening skills, develop (51)______ skills for playing in a band and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in (52)_____ the learner’s cognitive capacities (认知能力), executive functions, and motivation to learn in school.”The researchers hope that their findings will be brought to the (53)______ of students, parents, teachers and administrative decision-makers in education, as many school districts over the years have emphasized mathematics and literacy (54)______ other areas of learning, particularly music. “However, the amusing aspect is that (55)______ education can be the very thing that improves all-around academic achievement,” said Gouzouasis.41. A. overbalance B. underperform C. overwork D. underplay42. A. fantastic B. strategic C. embarrassing D. wrong43. A. resisted B. delayed C. deserted D. continued44. A. thanks to B. in contrast to C. regardless of D. by means of45. A. examined B. published C. stored D. exchanged46. A. report B. sample C. analysis D. center47. A. taking B. composing C. sharing D. performing48. A. casual B. symbolic C. predictive D. changeable49. A. transfer B. decline C. attach D. limit50. A. attractive B. distinct C. independent D. demanding51. A. life B. literacy C. team D. survival52. A. altering B. enhancing C. distracting D. labeling53. A. attention B. question C. edge D. glory54. A. in terms of B. as a result of C. in case of D. at the cost of55. A. health B. music C. science D. school。
2019届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编--完型填空--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)
III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Technology is playing a vital role in preservation and ecology research. Drones (无人机) hold huge ___41___ in the fight to save the world’s remaining wildlife from extinction. So researchers can now track wild animals through dense forests and monitor whales in vast oceans. It’s estimated that up to five living species become extinct every day, making it urgent that universities develop new technologies to capture the data that can persuade ___42___ to act.The British International Education Association hosted a conference in January to ___43___ the importance of technological solutions in protecting vulnerable (易受伤害的) species and ecosystems. Speakers underlined how technology can help ___44___: drones can circle high above the ocean to spot whales, while certain cameras can identify members of an individual species.According to Claudio Sillero, biology professor at Oxford University, technology is changing how preservation research is done —but it’s in a(n) ___45___ way. As technology gets better and cheaper, researchers become better at doing what they were already doing. ___46___, remote sensing used to be a very technical tool but is now widespread, and everyone uses global positioning system (GPS) for surveying.But teaching preservation and ecology courses in university ___47___. Some teach drone surveying methods in depth while others don’t even mention them. “The fact is, using drones is quite a(n) ___48___ to the interdisciplinary (跨学科的) ‘unknown’ of engineering, and potentially an area where lecturers may not feel confident to teach yet,” Serge Wich, an expert in primate biology says. “Students are tau ght about ___49___ technologies such as automatic sound recorders, but drones are often missing from university teaching. Consequently, drone use among researchers is still fairly ____50____ and focused on getting photos.”Wich’s team of researchers used t echniques to develop a fully automated drone technology system that ____51____ and monitors the health of endangered animals globally. It’s designed to be cheap, stable and simple to use, so that local communities in developing countries can operate it ____52____ without technical background. Yet it’s not more widely used on the grounds ofresearchers’ lack of skills to use this technology. In biology, where drones are used, few can programan algorithm(算法) specifically for their preservation or research p roblem. “There’s much thatneeds to be done to ____53____ those two worlds and to make AI more user-friendly so that peoplewho can’t program can still use the technology,” Wich says.____54____, the sad truth is that better technology alone will not save any more species from . dying out, Greengrass warns. “As human populations increase, so do threats and pressure on wildplaces. Preservationists are ____55____ for not doing enough but it’s often an issue of people,conflict and governance.” Technology may h elp provide far greater knowledge, but governmentsstill need to act.41. A. shortage B. threats C. potential D. responsibilities42. A. researchers B. authorities C. opponents D. professionals43. A. highlight B. overlook C. assess D. calculate44. A. education B. preparation C. preservation D. distinction45. A. evolutionary B. flexible C. virtual D. dramatic46 A. As a result B. In conclusion C. On the contrary D. For example47. A. differs B. equals C. multiplies D. struggles48. A. obstacle B. leap C. equivalent D. exception49. A. ill-intentioned B. fully-prepared C. well-established D. narrowly-applied50. A. definite B. vague C. simple D. limited51. A. controls B. tracks C. supervises D. improves52. A. earnestly B. independently C. secretly D. impersonally53. A. bridge B. fix C. dismiss D. grasp54. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise55. A. fired B. insulted C. qualified D. criticizedKeys: 41-45 CBACA 46-50 DABCD 51-55 BBACDIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How comfortable are you around water? Are you a strong swimmer or do you struggle to keep your head above water? Are you comfortable venturing into the deeper water or do you prefer to move into shallow water where the bottom is ___41___?Most people expose themselves to water and swimming situations according to their ___42___ levels of skill and comfort. The same might be true as you assess your comfort level with different academic environments ___43___ a good college “fit”. Just as you might study a body of water to figure out its temperature, depth and current before venturing in, you need to ___44___ the difficulties, pace and depth of an academic environment —and your ability to keep your “head above water” if admitted—before deciding to apply.When looking at academic difficulties as a(n) ___45___ of “fit”, you are likely to find that you have the capacity to “get the job done” academically in a range of college environments. ___46___ , you are not likely to have difficulty with the “water” itself. You will fit best, however, at colleges and universities where your ability and preparation enable you to rise to new levels of ___47___ .Your goal should be to find academic environments where your levels of ability and preparation will enable you to achieve well as you stretch yourself ___48___. These places represent appropriate “bodies of water” for you academically.The best ___49___ of comprehension regarding your preparedness to meet the academic requirements of various colleges and universities are your high school teachers. Because they are very familiar with your capabilities, your teachers can offer ___50___ help in identifying the colleges where you will find the best academic programs for you.Assuming you are able to find appropriate environments academically, you then need to assess the ___51___ of your school reports for admission to those colleges. How does your academic record (grades and test scores) pile up against those of other students who will be ___52___ , most (about 90%) of whom are just like you in that they can do the work too?You need to be honest in ___53___ this part of the picture, especially if you are considering colleges that can be highly selective and tend to admit very small percentages of the students who apply. A lot of students get in over their heads competitively when they fail to consider the realodds of gaining admission. While you might feel you are a ___54___ candidate at schools that can be very choosy, the reality is that you need to be in the top 25 percent of applicant pools at such schools to have a fighting chance of being admitted. By the way, you don’t___55___ your chances of getting into at least one such school by applying to a dozen of them!41. A. tough B. mysterious C. visible D. different42. A. explosive B. respective C. potential D. reasonable43. A. on behalf of B. in the place of C. in case of D. in search of44. A. observe B. overcome C. investigate D. complete45. A. indication B. implication C. innovation D. intention46. A. In addition B. In other words C. By comparison D. By contrast47. A. continent B. contribution C. challenge D. conscience48. A. considerately B. traditionally C. influentially D. intellectually49. A. sources B. origins C. concerns D. demands50. A. continuous B. invaluable C. powerless D. unforgettable51. A. reliability B. alternative C. competitiveness D. recommendation52. A. applying B. considering C. comparing D. persisting53. A. appreciating B. assessing C. presenting D. comprehending54. A. flexible B. positive C. feasible D. progressive55. A. grasp B. change C. create D. increaseKeys: 41-45 CBDCA 46-50 BCDAB 51-55 CABBDIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you are a perfectionist, you are probably familiar with the feeling of wanting to get everything just right. You may struggle with handing in papers, agonize（苦苦思索）over projectsat work, and even worry about small errors from the past. High ___41___ are one thing, but perfectionism is quite another. And as some researchers have discovered, ___42___ perfection can have serious consequences to mental and physical well-being.Since perfectionism is ___43___ with negative outcomes, what can someone with perfectionist tendencies do to change their behavior? Although people are sometimes ___44___ to give up their perfectionist tendencies, psychologists point out that giving up on perfection doesn’t mean being unsuccessful. ___45___, mistakes are an important part of learning and growing. ___46___, imperfection can actually help us in the long run.One possible ___47___ to perfectionism involves developing what psychologists call a growth mindset（思维方式）.Researchers at Stanford University have found that cultivating a growth mindset is a key way to help us learn from our failures. Unlike those with ___48___ mindsets --- who see their skill levels as inborn and unchangeable, those with growth mindsets believe they can improve their abilities by learning from their mistakes. Psychologists point out that parents can play a ___49___ role in helping their children develop healthier attitudes towards failure: they can praise their children for making an effort even if their results are imperfect and help children learn to ___50___ when they make mistakes.Another ___51___ option for perfectionism is to cultivate self-compassion（自我同情）. To understand self-compassion, thank about how you would ___52___ a close friend if they made a mistake. Chances are that you’d probably make responses with kindness and understanding, knowing that your friend meant well. The idea behind self-compassion is that we should treat ourselves ___53___ when we make mistakes, remind ourselves that mistakes are part of being human, and avoid being ___54___ by negative emotions. Self-compassion can be beneficial for mental health, but perfectionists tend not to treat themselves in compassionate w ays. If you’re interested in trying to foster more self-compassion the researcher who developed the concept of self-compassion has a short exercise you can try.Psychologists have also suggested that cognitive（认知的）behavioral therapy can be a way to help people change their beliefs about perfectionism. Although perfectionism is linked to lower mental health, the good news is that perfectionism is something you can change. By working to see mistakes as learning ___55___, and replacing self-criticism with self-compassion, it’s possible to overcome perfectionism and develop a healthier way of setting goals for yourself.41. A. risks B. values C. profits D. standards42. A. identifying B. mirroring C. concealing D. pursuing43. A. hardened B. associated C. compared D. replaced44. A. hesitant B. courageous C. desperate D. bound45. A. for instance B. By contrast C. In fact D. On average46. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Furthermore D. Instead47. A. obstacle B. alternative C. attitude D. equivalent48. A. various B. fixed C. positive D. keen49. A. casual B. creative C. crucial D. changeable50. A. persevere B. scheme C. negotiate D. survive51. A. potential B. conditional C. unique D. sustainable52. A. compete with B. run after C. respond to D. argue with53. A. favorably B. kindly C. accordingly D. differently54. A. promoted B. inspired C. monitored D. consumed55. A. skills B. outcomes C. levels D. opportunities Keys: 41~45 DDBAC 46~50 ABBCA 51~55 ACBDDIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Keeping it in the family“You understand grandmother when she talks to you, don’t you, darling?” The girl nods. I met her, her Danish mother and English father on a plane to Japan. The parents were eager to ___41___ their experience of bringing up their daughter bilingually(使用双语地) in London. It isn’t easy: the husband does not speak Japanese, so the child hears the language only from her mother, who has come to ___42___ that she will reply in English. This can be painful. Not sharing your first language with loved ones is hard. Not passing it on to your own child can be especially tough. Many immigrant parents feel a sense of ___43___.Children are languages easily, but this doesn’t mean that ___44___ exposure is enough. They must hear a language quite a bit to understand it—and use it often to be able to speak it comfortably. This is mental work, and a child who doesn’t have an intention to speak a language will often avoid it. So languages often die when parents move abroad. In the past, governments discouraged immigrant families from keeping their languages. These days, officials tend to be ___45___; some even see a valuable resource in immigrants’ language abilities. Yet many factors ensure that children still lose their parents’ languages, or never learn them.A big one is institutional ___46___. A child’s time spent with a second language is time not spent on their first. So teachers often discourage parents from speaking their languages to their children. Parents often ___47___ obey, worried about their children’s education. Th is is a(n) ___48___, for children really can master two languages or even more. Research does indeed suggest their vocabulary in each language may be somewhat smaller for a while. But other studies hint at intellectual advantages among bilinguals. They may be more skillful at complex tasks, better at maintaining attention.Even without those side-effects, ___49___, a bilingual child’s connection to another culture is a good thing in itself. How to ___50___? When both parents share the native language, the strategy is often to speak that at home, and the national language outside. But when they have ___51___ languages, perhaps the most common approach is “one parent, one language”. François Grosjean, a language expert from Switzerland, ___52___ the necessity. He recommends reserving occasions on which the only language that may be spoken is the one that needs ___53___. Sabine Little, a language expert at the University of Sheffield, puts the emphasis elsewhere. Making the native language yet another task ___54___ by parents can lead to rejection, she argues. She recommends letting the child form their own ___55___ connection to the language, for languages are not just another thing to be drilled into a young mind, but a matter of the heart.41. A. conceal B. publicize C. discuss D. imagine42. A. accept B. argue C. decide D. ensure43. A. excitement B. inferiority C. failure D. injustice44. A. momentary B. maximum C. repeated D. continued45. A. less stimulated B. less controlling C. more relieved D. more discouraging46. A. engagement B. feature C. prejudice D. pressure47. A. cheerfully B. faithfully C. immediately D. reluctantly48. A. instance B. shame C. ambition D. suggestion49. A. though B. hence C. besides D. otherwise50. A. keep it up B. carry it on C. figure it out D. bring it about51. A. multiple B. different C. foreign D. target52. A. removes B. challenges C. emphasizes D. ignores53. A. performed B. imposed C. shared D. recommended54. A. skillful B. powerful C. apparent D. emotionalKeys: 41-45 CACAB 46-50 DDBAD 51-55 BCABDIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Students in Caldwell, Idaho, can attend class in their pajamas(睡衣)! At Vallivue Virtual Academy, courses are taught online. Students work at home with parents, who serve as learning coaches. A certified teacher ____41____ the students’ progress.The cyber school was ____42____ as a free option for students in kindergarten through grade 8 who have trouble succeeding in the district’s ____43____ public school. Supporters of the program say that virtual schools help students avoid the social pressures that can ____44____ with learning. In addition, supporters argue, online courses provide kids with more focused ____45____ and course options than they can get in a typical school.Not everyone gives cyber schools a passing grade, however. Some educators argue that online learning makes it hard for students to make friends. Many parents also feel that cyber schools put ____46____ time demands on them because they have to oversee their kids’ daily work.Technology can benefit education, but it shouldn’t ____47____ education. Students who go to virtual schools will miss many of the benefits of being in a real school.If kids attend school online, they will miss out on important social ____48____. PaytonMcdonough, 13, a seventh grader from Glencoe, III., agrees. “I don’t know how I could sit at a computer all day without ____49____ interacting with my peers and teachers,” he says.In addition, virtual schools don’t have enough structure. Students who take online courses can set their own schedules, which will cause problems for students who have trouble staying ____50____ .Furthermore, online schooling puts stress on parents because they have to ____51____ what their kids do at home. Many parents have full–time jobs. How are they going to run their children’s education, ____52____ in their jobs, and take care of their other responsibilities at home?Virtual schools will make it harder for students to learn and will put too much pressure on parents.Virtual learning does not need to replace classroom learning ____53____, but it can help students work at their own pace. If students struggle with subjects, they can take those courses online and spend more time on them. Virtual schools can also offer students much more ____54____ schedules. Students often handle extracurricular activities, sports, and schoolwork, and cyber schools could help them manage everything.Finally, attending virtual school can prepare students for college and for work after ____55____. “We need to be responsible for working on our own,” says Angela Goscilo, a senior from Pound Ridge, N.Y. “We need to develop t echnology skills that will help us in whatever we do. Getting an early start is a good idea.”41. A. oversees B. suspected C. admitted D. predicted42. A. tolerated B. launched C. undergone D. transformed43. A. virtual B. superior C. traditional D. specialized44. A. agree B. put up C. go D. interfere45. A. attention B. definition C. foundation D. instruction46. A. unlimited B. uncivilized C. unrealistic D. unaffected47. A. turn to B. take over C. take in D. make up48. A. interactions B. education C. occupation D. identification49. A. actually B. presently C. naturally D. logically50. A. examined B. motivated C. exhausted D. represented51. A. compliment B. award C. supervise D. tempt52. A. negotiate B. innovate C. control D. excel53. A. entirely B. partially C. regularly D. purposely54. A. sustainable B. flexible C. relevant D. optimistic55. A. school B. study C. graduation D. education Keys: 41-45 ABCDD 46-50 CBAAB 51-55 CDABCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People hold different views on almost anything, mainly because of the culture we are familiar with or the education we have received. We live in a ___41___ world where people are quick to point out the faults and imperfections of others, yet seem unaware of their own. Some misguided souls believe they have a duty to help you to be a better person by telling you what a failure you really are first and then offering suggestions as to how you can improve.So what is the possible solution to ___42___? If you are the one forcing others to feel ___43___ themselves, STOP. Make a conscious decision rather than ___44___ the negative aspect of a person’s performance or attitudes. You’ll offer helpful suggestions from the beginning. If I’m painting our living room and ___45___ in doing so, I would like my h usband to say to me, “This is a tough job. Can I offer a suggestion that might make it easier for you?” rather than have him point out what a ___46___ painter I am and then tell me how I should be doing it.If you are on the ___47___ end of criticism, the “OK” response is a perfect solution. When someone comments negatively on a task you are doing or a personality issue of yours, a(n) ___48___ response is to defend and attack. However, this approach is rarely effective as it puts both parties on the ___49___. Instead, simply reply with “OK”. This brief one-word response ___50___ the other person’s comment without agreeing with it or feeling necessary to engage in a debate about it.It is important to remain emotionally attached to what the other person is saying, to listenwithout feeling, to be a(n) ___51___ observer. In fact, there is much that one can learn from a ___52___ review. You can ask yourself: Did I make a mistake? Could I have done better? Did I give 100% of myself to the task at hand? If so, how can I improve myself? As for chronic (习惯性的) criticizers: It is important to set strict boundary with them. Remove yourself from their ___53___ when necessary.___54___ , one can learn to be “OK” with criticism and not allow it to negatively impact your life or relationship with the other party. Examine it for any potential ___55___, and then let it go and just be “OK”.41. A. dependent B. judgmental C. selfish D. creative42. A. criticism B. imperfection C. failure D. unawareness43. A. devoted to B. connected with C. ashamed of D. concerned about44. A.turn down B. get rid of C. cover up D. focus on45. A. making a mess B. asking for troubleC. having funD. offering a helpful hand46. A. considerate B. careless C. humble D. modest47. A. forcing B. receiving C. criticizing D. advising48. A. avoidable B. meaningless C. extreme D. natural49. A. impolite B. dangerous C. defensive D. regretful50. A. ignores B. acknowledges C. eliminates D. declines51. A. active B. initiative C. creative D. objective52. A. reasonable B. agreeable C. negative D. instructive53. A. praise B. presence C. comment D. help54. A. In any case B. On the contrary C. To begin with D. For instance55. A. harm B. conflict C. obstacle D. truthKeys: 41-45 BACDA 46-50 BBDCB 51-55 DCBADIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would promote science, most are ___41___ to post the results of their own labours online.Some communities have agreed to share online-geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository（库）, and astronomers are accustomed to ___42___ images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects -- but these remain the ___43___, not the rule. Historically, scientists have ___44___ sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.But the ___45___ are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data ___46___ . Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to “___47___ a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve”. Funding agencies n ote that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared online in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products ___48___ and enable other researchers to discover and cite (引用) them.Although calls to share data often concentrate on the ___49___ advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely beneficial to others. Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved ___50___ and increased citations. The most successful sharers -- those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often -- get noticed, and their work gets used. ___51___, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been ___52___ 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of' trees. “I’d much prefer to have my data used by the ___53___ number of people to ask their own questions,” she says. “It’s important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be ___54___ .”Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists can become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding ___55___ later on.41. A. restricted B. reluctant C. desperate D. generous42. A. accessing B. processing C. analyzing D. identifying43. A. assumption B. mystery C. exception D. phenomenon44. A. longed for B. appealed to C. focused on D. objected to45. A. symptoms B. barriers C. advantages D. consequences46. A. controllable B. unique C. reliable D. public47. A. shift away from B. end up with C. give rise to D. build up48. A. secretly B. digitally C. ethically D. fairly49. A. material B. individual C. moral D. economic50. A. visibility B. awareness C. condition D. confidence51. A. On the contrary B. As a result C. For example D. After all52. A. downloaded B. updated C. optimized D. addressed53. A. moderate B. maximum C. average D. estimated54. A. reversible B. profitable C. reproducible D. recognizable55. A. crisis B. confusion C. risk D. conflictKeys: 41-45 BACDB 46-50 DABCA 51-55 CABCBIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.From the nation's earliest days, farming has held a crucial place in the American economy and culture. Farmers play an important role in any society, of course, since they feed people. But farming has been particularly ___41___ in the United States with intensified attention from civilians and government as well.Early in the nation's life, farmers were seen as exemplifying economic ___42___ such as hard work, perseverance, and self-sufficiency. Moreover, many Americans, particularly immigrants who may have never held any land in the country, found that owning a farm was the ___43___ to enter the American economic system. They were immediately playing a part in the country’s economy.The American farmer has generally been quite successful at producing food. Indeed, sometimes his success has created his biggest problem: the agricultural sector has suffered periodic explosions of overproduction that have ___44___ prices. When the government have to step in and ___45___ the worst of these events.American farmers owe their ability to produce large yields to a number of factors. For one thing, they work under ___46___ natural conditions. The American Midwest has some of the richest soil in the world. Rainfall is ___47___ over most areas of the country; rivers and underground water permit extensive irrigation where it is not.Increasing use of high-quality ___48___ labor also have contributed to the success of American agriculture. It is not unusual to see today's farmers ___49___ plows or harvesters. One farmer can manage large lands of farms.Fertilizers and pesticides are commonly used although some environmentalists ___50___ it. Computers track farm operations, and even ___51___ technology is utilized to find the best places to plant and fertilize crops. US agriculture is among the most advanced in the world.Farmers still fight with forces beyond their control, ___52___. Despite its generally benign weather, North America also experiences frequent floods and droughts. Changes in the weather give agriculture its own economic cycles, often ___53___ the general economy. When negative factors hit farmers, calls for government assistance are particularly intense. In the 1930s, for instance, bad weather, and the Great Depression combined to push farms over the edge into a(n) ___54___ situation. The government responded with ___55___ agricultural reforms -- most notably, a system of price supports, whose significance toward the large-scale campaign lasted for many years.41. A valued B. accessed C. implemented D. illustrated42. A. regulations B. virtues C. obligations D. requirements43. A. shortcut B. implication C. reward D. substitute。
上海市金山区2019届高三二模(含听力)英语试题
上海市金山区2019届高三二模（含听力）英语试题一、短对话(★) 1 .A．At a shop.B．In a car.C．In a plane.D．On a farm.(★★) 2 .A．Customer and shop assistant.B．Trainer and trainee.C．Customer and travel agent.D．Sailor and tourist.(★) 3 .A．$ 2.B．$ 1.5.C．$ 3.D．$ 3.5.(★) 4 .A．A travel agency.B．Sales strategies.C．A job opportunity.D．Tour news.(★) 5 .A．She is very busy.B．She dislikes parties.C．She has an invitation already.D．She questions the man’s purpose.(★★) 6 .A．The club members aren’t available.B．The Internet doesn’t work.C．She doesn’t have time to do it.D．The email hasn’t been ready.(★) 7 .A．She is going to miss her first class.B．She prefers going to the dentist later in the day. C．The man will be back before his first class.D．The man might sleep late and miss his appointment. (★★) 8 .A．She could help the man a lot.B．She’s never been to the city.C．She knows the city very well.D．She doesn’t remember much about the city. (★) 9 .A．He was sorry for the woman’s absence.B．He was happy about the woman’s absence.C．He suggested the woman bring her daughter. D．He suggested the woman visit the university. (★) 10 .A．The man forgot to go to the cinema with the woman. B．Both of the speakers enjoyed the film.C．An exciting film will be on next week.D．The woman was interested in exploring space.二、短文(★★) Questions are based on the following passage.11 .A．Their project has lasted for a year.B．Their project is a part of their research.C．They were born and bred in New York.D．They liked to talk to strangers when young.12 . A．Ambitious.B．Difficult.C．Creative.D．Well-prepared. A．Ambitious.B．Difficult.C．Creative.D．Well-prepared.A．Ambitious.B．Difficult.C．Creative.D．Well-prepared.13 .A．Two psychologists conduct field research on New York streets.B．Two young men listen to people and give them their suggestions.C．Two psychologists help solve people’s problems with what they learn.D．Two young people encourage people to talk to them, believing it can help.(★★) Questions are based on the following passage.14 .A．Mark Zuckerberg and Bill Gates are middle children.B．Competitive and flexible personalities decide their success.C．They share the idealistic personalities and pursue perfection.D．Their sensitivity to the surroundings leads to their achievement.15 .A．Scientists.B．Chief executive officials.C．Artists.D．Classical music players.16 .A．Family size plays a part.B．Birth order affects personality.C．Birth order influences career paths.D．How people achieve their success.三、长对话(★★) Questions are based on the following passage.17 .A．Because of their durability.B．Because they are symbols of status.C．Because of the trend in fashion.D．Because they look quite appealing.18 .A．The man was the creator of jeans.B．The man applied for a patent for jeans.C．Levi’s led to the popularity of jeans.D．Levi’s led to a flood of fake products.19 .A．They are durable and wash easily.B．They appear on sex and violence ads.C．They win the favor of many women liberalists.D．They are influenced by cowboy style and rebellious spirit.20 .A．The advantages of jeans.B．The culture of western America.C．The history of jeans.D．The change of jeans.四、语法填空(★★) Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Time to Learn How to SortWhatever we don’t want ---- no matter whether it’s eggshells, newspapers, soda cans or old socks ---- it’s all garbage. And garbage goes to the garbage bin. There seems to be 21 . wrong with that. But do you really know how to throw away garbage properly?China 22 . (promote) garbage sorting for over a decade, but for the majority of the public the concept hasn’t sunk in. Shenzhen issued a new regulation. It says residents will be fined up to 100 yuan and organizations 1,000 yuan for not sorting rubbish 23 . specific groups.“It’s evident that the government is determined to push this forward,” said Zhang Ning, a program officer 24 . (serve) in a Beijing-based public welfare organization. “But I’m afraid the regulation will prove to be counter-productive because garbage sorting has never been achieved by merely imposing severe punishments.”A recent survey found that 49.5 percent of the respondents said they still don’t know how to sort garbage, 25 . 45.5percent just can’t be bothered to do it. “Lots of citizens 26 . (confuse)about what’s recyclable and what’s general waste. For example, it’s scarcely known that tissue is non-recyclable because it’s too moisture-prone and usually too polluted 27 . (recycle).” said Zhang, a representative.According to Zhang, 70 percent of garbage is a“ 28 . (misplace)resource”. For instance, a ton of waste steel can be refined into 0.9 tons of usable steel, and a ton of kitchen waste is able to produce 0.3 tons of organic fertilizer.But all of this is based on the condition 29 . the garbage is categorized properly. And the behavior of households 30 . the sorting process initially starts ---- is the key. Garbage sorting is a chain effect. Misconduct at the very beginning will make all the following efforts go in vain.Garbage sorting is a complex issue and takes patience. So next time when you throw away what is called “garbage”, do it in the right way.五、完形填空(★★)Now, U.S. researchers have identified a new way to treat people infected with tuberculosis (肺结核)before they get sick.Tuberculosis is one of the world’s most ______ health threats.The World Health Organization says tuberculosis kills nearly two million people each year. Another two billion are ______: they are infected, but don’t have symptoms of the disease. Those at highest risk can take medicine, but Vanderbilt University researcher Timothy Sterling says not everyone ______ with the treatment, which is a daily dose of isoniazid(异烟肼，抗结核药)for nine months. So although the medication is highly effective if people take all of their medication, many people do not take all their medication and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment plan is______. As a(n) ______, Sterling and his colleagues ______ isoniazid with another drug, rifapentine(利福喷汀).The combination was taken weekly, not daily, for just three months. And the results of this study showed that the new treatment plan ---- the three months of isoniazid and rifapentine---- was as effective as the nine–month isoniazid treatment plan.______, the short-course, three-month treatment plan had higher treatment completion rates and was also well ______.There was some other difference. The two-drug, combination treatment was administered as directly ______ therapy. That means the patients took their medicine in the presence of a health care worker, to ensure that they followed the treatment plan. This was a large study, involving 7,500 participants in North America, Spain, and Brazil. Sterling ______ that most of the people in this study were HIV-negative. The results might be ______for HIV-positive people. A recent study in South Africa indicated that the combination therapy works well in people infected with HIV as well as tuberculosis, but the study was too small to be______.Timothy Sterling’s research, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, has been ______ by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the CDC. The government health agency recommends the 12-dose weekly combination treatment as an equal alternative to the 270–dose daily treatment plan that has been the______therapy. But because of possible ______ issues, the CDC still recommends the daily treatment plan for HIV–positive patients who are taking antiretroviral drugs or women who are pregnant. Also because of a lack of data, the CDC says children under age 12 should stay with the nine-month daily treatment.31 . A．public B．persistent C．predictable D．mildA．public B．persistent C．predictable D．mildA．public B．persistent C．predictable D．mild32 . A．out ofcontrolB．beyondexpectationC．withouthopeD．underthreatA．out of control B．beyondexpectationC．withouthopeD．under threatA．out of B．beyond C．without D．under threatcontrol expectation hope33 . A．put up B．follow through C．get along D．come up A．put up B．follow through C．get along D．come upA．put up B．follow through C．get along D．come up34 . A．decreased B．maximized C．measured D．enhanced A．decreased B．maximized C．measured D．enhancedA．decreased B．maximized C．measured D．enhanced35 . A．supplement B．substitute C．promotion D．alternative A．supplement B．substitute C．promotion D．alternativeA．supplement B．substitute C．promotion D．alternative36 . A．mixed B．replaced C．associated D．connected A．mixed B．replaced C．associated D．connectedA．mixed B．replaced C．associated D．connected37 . A．As a result B．In addition C．In fact D．For instance A．As a result B．In addition C．In fact D．For instanceA．As a result B．In addition C．In fact D．For instance38 . A．imposed B．tolerated C．cultivated D．infected A．imposed B．tolerated C．cultivated D．infectedA．imposed B．tolerated C．cultivated D．infected39 . A．isolated B．implemented C．observed D．required A．isolated B．implemented C．observed D．requiredA．isolated B．implemented C．observed D．required40 . A．argues B．suggests C．commands D．warns A．argues B．suggests C．commands D．warnsA．argues B．suggests C．commands D．warns41 . A．inevitable B．negative C．distinct D．indirect A．inevitable B．negative C．distinct D．indirectA．inevitable B．negative C．distinct D．indirect42 . A．definite B．desired C．logical D．detailedA．definite B．desired C．logical D．detailedA．definite B．desired C．logical D．detailed43 . A．conducted B．proved C．demonstrated D．approved A．conducted B．proved C．demonstrated D．approvedA．conducted B．proved C．demonstrated D．approved44 . A．similar B．unique C．standard D．peculiarA．similar B．unique C．standard D．peculiarA．similar B．unique C．standard D．peculiar45 . A．personal B．crucial C．age D．safetyA．personal B．crucial C．age D．safetyA．personal B．crucial C．age D．safety六、阅读理解(★)How a few members of the animal kingdom handle the transition to adulthood?African elephantsThese beautiful beasts come close to imitate teen rebellion. Calves spend a decade with their mothers in female-dominated groups ---- and ladies stay there ---- but adolescent boys leave mom for noisy crews of bros. In their 20s, they often downsize to smaller male groups.Orangutans (猩猩)Slow metabolism allows these primates to survive food shortages ---- times when weather makes ripe fruit scarce. But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation take time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does.Orcas(逆戟鲸)Killer whales join their mother’s familial group for life. This lasting-relationship seems to increase a pup’s chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more likely to die than a peer whose mother is alive. Risk of death post-mom-mortem rises as kids get older.Harp sealsA harp seal’s “childhood” lasts just 12 days. A pup’s sole purpose during that brief period ofcoddling(宠爱) is to constantly nurse, gaining a fifth of its birth weight in blubber(鲸脂) every day. Once it’s fat ---- they become greater from 25 to 80 pounds ---- it slides off the ice and takes on the sea.Wolf spidersEvery parent knows that tired toddlers love to hitch a piggyback ride. The wolf spider straps all her babies (40 or 50, on average) onto her back at once, carrying the brood until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood. But luckily she only has to pull them for a few days.46 . According to the passage, which animals take the biggest responsibility in raising their young?A．Harp seals.B．African elephants C．Orcas.D．Wolf spiders.47 . What can we learn from the sentence “But luckily she only has to pull them for a few days”?A．Other grown wolf spiders will come to take care of the babies.B．The toddlers are too heavy for parents to hitch a piggyback ride.C．Baby spiders are able to live on their own after a short period of time.D．Baby spiders can make full use of spider-hood before they leave their parents.48 . Who will be interested in this passage?A．A student who is doing a project on animal growth.B．A kid who is keen on animal watching.C．A zoo-worker who is responsible for visitors’ safety.D．A doctor who specializes in animals’ health.(★★)As advances in auto-technology have placed a huge number of self-driving machines on our roads and sidewalks, a side product has materialized in recent years: robot-babysitting.In Phoenix, human attendants will remotely monitor Google’s upcoming Waymo robot-taxis, using the cars cameras to evaluate and adapt to passenger or road challenges. State safety regulations typically require that auto-vehicles be accompanied at all times by humans. These professionals’ job titles range from “robot handler” to “safety driver,” but they have essentially the same responsibilities: monitoring robot behavior for safety and performance, and answering questions about the technology. Broadly speaking, robot-babysitting jobs fall under the umbrella of careers in automation, which include maintenance, engineering, and programming.However, some observers note that certain kinds of robot-babysitting –-- the kind that is boring anddoesn’t require much education –-- can make for thankless work. The safety drivers who sit in self-driving cars have described their roles as“exhausting” and “demanding,” and many told me about t he constant pressure to stay vigilant at all times. “It’s incredibly hard to sit in a chair and stare at a computer without doing anything for eight hours,” Ramsey said. “But you do not need a Ph.D. to do it.” In March 2018, the field of robot babysitting took a beating when a self-driving Uber in Tempe, Arizona, hit a 49-year old named Elaine Herzberg. Dashcam footage showed that Rafaela Vasquez, the car’s safety driver, had not been looking at the road when the accident occurred. Investigators are deciding if Vasquez will be charged with murder.According to the McKinsey Global Institute, 10 million to 800 million jobs globally could be lost to automation by 2030. In the long term, it’s inevitable that robot-babysitters will go the way of elevator op erators and lamplighters. But they’ll also birth new robot-related roles.“A huge number of jobs will be created as auto-vehicles are loosed into the environment,” Ramsey said. In 2016, Bosch started training students from Schoolcraft College, a community college in Michigan, in auto-vehicle repair: Toyota has trained students in maintenance as well. “We might even see a return to low-level jobs where people come and fuel the car for you,”Ramsey said. “Until we can wirelessly charge, someone needs to refuel them.” The hardest-to-automate industries, as it happens, are the ones that require looking after humans: childcare, education, health-care aides. Robot babysitters might feel like they have gained the job of the future. But in fact, real babysitters might be better positioned.49 . Robot-babysitting jobs do NOT include _______________.A．answering the questions about the technique.B．observing the certain kinds of the robot-babysitter.C．monitoring the potential problems of the auto-vehicles.D．maintaining the vehicles which are out of order.50 . The underlined word “vigilant” most probably means “.”A．grateful B．suspicious C．fit D．alert51 . According to Ramsey, what will happen when auto-vehicles are released into the market?A．A lot of opportunities will be created.B．A large number of people will be out of work.C．Auto-vehicles will become much cheaper.D．Many people will turn to buying auto-cars.52 . What’s this passage mainly about? A．The Rise and Fall of Robot Babysitters.B．The Future of Auto-Vehicles.C．The Life and Employment of the Future.D．The Position of Robot Babysitters.七、(★) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The North StarAmong the pile of stars in the universe, there are a couple that are of great importance to people on Earth. The sun, of course, is one of them. The other is known as Polaris, the North Star. 53 . . Therefore, it is a great compass(指南针).When people in the northern part of Earth look toward Polaris, they can be certain that they are facing north. The permanence of Polaris in the north sky has helped countless people find their destinations.Before the invention of modern navigation tools, sailors relied on Polaris. From the top of their ships, sailors would look for Polaris to figure out their place at sea. They figured out the angle between the star and the horizon to determine their latitude(纬度). As long as the equations were not wrong, the results were very reliable. Polaris also let sailors determine North, South, East, and West. 54 .To those who sail at night, changeable storms and dark clouds were more than annoying things.55 . .It’s possible for a captain to make an accidental wrong turn. The ship could become stranded at sea, and the frustrated captain would have no way to get the ship back on the right course. The sailor’s fears wouldn’t be relieved until the clouds cleared and Polaris came back into view. Even today, sailors sometimes choose to steer by using Polaris on clear nights.56 . . The Big Dipper, a constellation that is well known in astrology, appears to revolve around Polaris. The handle of the Big Dipper always points to the North Star. When people get lost, it’s comforting to know that their problems can be relieved by looking at the sky.A．It’s not difficult to tell the Polaris apart from the pile of other stars in the universe.B．People who are lost can be relieved by gazing up at Polaris.C．By knowing directions and their location, sailors could easily steer their ships.D．They could destroy entire journeys by blocking the view of Polaris.E．It’s certain that the Polaris is part of a constellation(星座), which is not far from it.F．It is special because it is the only star that always appears to be in the same place in the sky.八、概要写作(★★) 57 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.Unfair ComparisonsThanks to social media, the distance between friends is smaller than ever. But does that make us happier? Not necessarily. A recent study has found spending too much time comparing your life with the seemingly perfect lives of your friends on social media can result in depressive symptoms.We’ve all done it ---- browsing through our WeChat friends’ updates while feeling that green-eyed monster holding its head in our minds: Are their homes bigger and more tasteful? Are their vacations more expensive and exciting? Are their careers more successful and rewarding?Comparison is the thief of joy. The more time you spend on social media, the more likely it is for you to feel depressive symptoms, according to a new study out of University of Houston.The study, led by Mai-Ly Steers, examines the potential impact online social comparison can have on a person’s mental health.“The underlying mechanism is social comparison,” Steers said. “The reason why you feel these feelings is that you tend to socially compare yourself with your friends.”This social comparison theory was popularized by US psychologist Leon Festinger in the 1950s. According to an article in The Atlantic, Festinger argued that people have born tendencies to track their progress and measure their self-worth by comparing themselves with other people. That social comparison leads to feelings of insignificance and insecurity. Research has since found that making social comparisons, especially upward comparisons (to people we think above us for whatever reason), are associated with negative health outcomes like depressive symptoms and decreased self-esteem.“You can’t really control the strong desire to compare because you never know what your friends are going to post. In addition, most of our friends tend to post about the good things that occur in their lives, while leaving out the bad. If we’re comparing ourselves with our friends’‘sharable highlights’, this may lead us to think their lives are better than they actually are, and thus make us feel worse about our own lives.”So if you are the jealous type, maybe think about signing off of your WeChat for a while. Your well-being may depend on it.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________九、汉译英(★★) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.58 . 尽管他已经非常尽力，他还是没能弥补损失。
2019届上海高三英语二模汇编--语法填空(解析版)
2019届高三英语二模汇编——语法填空1、2019黄浦二模Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Is Hothouse Earth Avoidable?Nearly 50 years ago, the Club of Rome’s report “Limits to Growth” warned that if economic growth continued fast without regard for the environment, the world could face ecological and economic collapse in the twenty-first century. Yet that is essentially (21)______ has happened. As new research for the Club of Rome shows — and the latest report from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states — the world (22)______ well be headed towards disaster.Many wrongly (23)______(interpret)the “Limits to Growth” as an attack on uncontrolled economic expansion. In fact, the report argued that (24)______ the unlimited-growth pathway was chosen, it would require complementary policies (including funding) (25)______ (preserve) the planet’s limited life-support systems.This argument (26)______ (ignore). Instead, the world has continued to pursue fast growth, without regard for the environmental consequences. This has enabled us to make enormous progress in reducing poverty, increasing longevity, and increasing wealth. (27)______ it has come at a high cost to the formation of the society and the restoration of the planet.As scientists have conclusively shown, in the last decade, we have entered a new geological era, the Anthropocene, in which human activity — in particular, economic activity — has been the dominant factor (28)______(influence) Earth’s climate and environment. In the Anthropocene, our planet’s life-support system is changing faster than ever.Climate change now represents a clear and present danger. If our planet becomes just 2°C warmer than pre-industrial temperatures, we may be placed irreversibly on the path toward “Hothouse Earth” — a situation (29)______ temperatures are many degrees warmer than today, sea levels are considerably higher, and extreme weather events are (30)______(common) — and more destructive — than ever.答案：21. what22. may/might 23. interpreted24. if 25. to preserve26. has been ignored27. But28. influencing 29. where 30. more common/commoner解析：【21题详解】考查表语从句。