Phrases
Phrases--S
Phrases-----S1.return safe and sound// take sb to safety2.for the sake of…// for sb’s sake3.for sale // on sale// bring-and -buy sale 义卖4.in the same boat // It is the same with…=So it is with…5.far from satisfactory6.be satisfied with…//satisfy one's needs/ desire /curiosity7.It goes without saying that…8.scarcely…when…9.arrive on the scene10.on schedule //ahead of schedule /behind schedule // be scheduled to do11.scold sb for (doing ) sth12.make a score// win by a score of 2-0 // scores of… // score a goal/ point13.start from scratch14.screw up one’s courage15.search sb/sp for sth // search for…// in search of…16.be seated // seat oneself // take one’s seat //seats for the concert17.second only to…// second to none18.a top secret//let out a secret// keep a secret //the secret of health //keep sth. secret from (sb.)19.a sense of security20.see sb off// see to sb’s welfare // see to it that…//see through…// seeing that…21.seem strange // seem to do //It seems that…//It seems as if…// Theres seems to be…22.seize an opportunity //seize the city// seize your meaning //be seized with panic23.sell sth. at a bargain // sell.. at a loss //sell out… // sell well24.send for a doctor //send the criminal to prison // send up //send out //send off25.senior to sb by …//junior to sb by…26.a sense of hearing/sight /smell/taste /touchcommon sense // make sense (of…) // the sense of duty/right and wrongin a (narrow) senseThere is no sense in doing sth35.be sensible of sth // be sensitive to sth36.separate A from B / / separate at the corner // hold separate views on the issue37.a series of car accidents //TV series38.be serious about his future // take sth seriously39.serve the people heart and soul //serve as a blanket // serve to do sth…//serve sb right40.after-sale service // at one’s service //put… into service41.set about doing …//set out to do // set aside…for/to do sth // set off //set up //set sb doing sth42.settle sb down //settle down in London /settle down to sth //settle up43.put sb./ sth. in the shade 使…相形见绌，使…黯然失色44.cast shadows on…// under(in) the shadow of…//a shadow of suspicion45.shake hands with sb= shake sb by the hand46.take shape (of…)// in shape// in the shape of… //out of shape //shape one’s future/career47.share in one’s joys and sorrows //share sth with sb //share sth between/.among sbbear/shoulder a share of responsibility48.a sharp sense of smell //make a sharp turn //a sharp contrast //ten o’clock sharp49.a black sheep // separate the sheep from the goats50.take shelter from the rain // food, clothing and shelter // shelter sb /sth from …51.be shocked at/by sth //be shocked to do sth //a great shock to sb //culture shock52.shoot at …//shoot questions at sb53.short weight //be short of…//run short of…//for short of…//in short //in short supply54.a shortage of water // water shortage55.be on show // a variety show //show sb around .. //show off //show up56.be sick of…=be tired of…=be bored with…=be fed up with…57.at first sight // at the sight of…//in /out of sight // catch sight of…58.as a sign of…// show no sign of…// sign the contract //sigh up for//…59.keep silence //in silence //be/keep silent (about sth )60.be similar to …61.It is/has been … since (did)62.sing high praise for…//sing to the piano//sing in chorus63.skim through/.over the book // skim off the fat from …64.have a good sleep // sleep a sound sleep // sleep away one's life醉生梦死65.slide into the room //slide into the habit of getting up late66.haven’t the slightest idea of sth // not …in the slightest67.slip into the room //slip sth into…// let the chance slip by //slip through one’s finger //(make) aslip of the pen/tongue68.smell sth burning // smell sweet // smell of milk69.smooth away differences70.a danger to society // go into society //in the old society71.a solution to the problem72.have something to do with…//.something of(like)…\73.as soon as possible //no sooner…than…// sooner or later74.be in deep sorrow // to one’s (great) sorrow //the joys and sorrows of life75.a sort of…//all sorts of…//books of all sorts // sort of peculiar // sort out sth from76.keep body and soul together // serve the people heart and soul //put one's heart and soul intothe work //with one's heart and soul全神贯注, 全心全意77.a spare room // one’s spare time // spare ten minutes to sb //spare no efforts(pains) to do sth//spare sb. his life78.speak highly of…// speak ill of sb // speak out against… // speak of…//generally speaking79.at a speed of…// at top/full speed //speed up80.in high/low spirits81.in spite of…=despite =regardless of…82.on the spot //be spotted with satrs83.spring up like mushrooms84.on the stage // at an early stage85.stand still //stand one’s ground // stand the test of time // can’t stand doing sthstand by //stand for…//stand out86.living standards //up to the standard//fall short of the standard87.make an early start // from start to finish // wake up with a start //start from scratch88.stay awake/alive // stay away from…//stay up late89.(sth) stick in one’s mind //be stuck in the mud/snow// stick to a post /one’s words90.within a stone’s throw of…e to a stop // bring sth to a stop // stop a taxi //stop sb/sth from doing92.get straight A’s //come straight ot the point /straight away93.be strict with sb //be strict in sth94.strive(struggle) for…//strive against… // strive to do sth95.substitute A for B=replace B with A //substitute for a teacher// substitute as a typist96.all of a sudden97.suffer pain/huge losses // suffer from a headache98.be suitable for sb/sth99.a large/good sum of money //sum up100.be superior to …// be inferior to …101.medical supplies //in short supply //supply sb with sth//supply sth to sb102.be supposed to do //be supposed to have done103.be(make) sure of..//be sure that//be sure to do //know sth for sure //to be sure //sure enough 104.take sb by surprise=surprise sb //to one’s surprise // do sth in surprise //(sth) come as a surprise to sb //be surprise at sth /to do sth/that…105.be surrounded with/by… //social surroundings //the surrounding countryside106.make/conduct/do/carry out a survey of…107.feel sympathy for sb //out of sympathy //a letter of sympathy sympathize with sb。
Phrases for Module 4
Phrases for Module 4Unit 1 Module 41. crowd in (想法，问题等)涌上心头crowd into one’s mind/head 涌入心头/脑海2. be worth doing sth; be worthy of being done; be worthy to be done;it’s worthwhile to do sth/doing sth; 做某事是值得的make it all worthwhile 使…值得3.show consideration to sb 体贴某人；under consideration 在考虑中4. concern oneself with 让自己关注(be concerned about/for sth 对…担心/忧虑；be concerned with/about sth 对……关注5. show the connection between …and…显示出…和…之间的联系6. fight for 为…而战fight against fight with7. put…to death 将…处死8. a specialist in women’s illnesses 妇科疾病的专家9. devote all one’s life to 将自己的一生献给…致力于…devote oneself to 献身于，专心于10. rather than 而不是A rather than B,would rather do sth than do sth11. refer to 查阅，参考，谈到12. carry on 继续13. move off 离开;出发；启程14 by chance 碰巧= by accident15. observe sb do/doing sth 观察某人做某事observe that…16. be determined to 下定决心…17. respect sb for sth 因….尊敬show/have respect for sb尊重sb;give/send one’s respects to sb 代某人问候某人18. come across sb/sth 遇见，come down下来come over过来come out出来come to 谈到；共计;苏醒 come up with 赶上；提出；想出19. argue for…为…辩护argue against…反对…argue with sb.（about/over sth）与…争论20. inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事21. lead a….life 过着……的生活22.gain a doctor’s degree 获得了博士学位23.cheer the achievements of women 为妇女的成就喝彩24. support a family 支撑一个家庭25. get upset 感到不安26. be of great importance 很重要27. look down upon/on sb/sth 看不起look up to 向上看;尊敬look forward to 期盼;look into 调查;往里看look on sb as 把某人看作look out 当心;look through 浏览28. behave oneself 守规矩，表现得体29. be intended for 为…准备；专供……使用的30. be placed second to 放在…之后second to 次于；second to none 最好的31. explain sth to sb=explain to sb sth 向某人解释某事32. free from 不受……伤害（影响）33. deliver a baby 接生；生孩子be delivered of a baby = give birth to a baby;deliver a speech 发表Unit 2 Module 41.If so 如果这样if not如果不是这样;if possible 如果可能的话;if necessary 如果必要的话2. work the land 耕种土地3. keep time for 留些时间做4. be satisfied with/to do sth 对……感到满意to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意的是5. in addition 除此而外6. regret to do sth 遗憾要做某事regret doing/having done sth 后悔做了.某事7. build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发8. make a difference 产生影响，区别9. get exhausted 感到筋疲力尽11. struggle for 为…而战/挣扎；努力争取;struggle with/against 与作斗争struggle with sb 与某人并肩作战;struggle to do sth 努力做某事;struggle to one’s fee t 挣扎着站起来12. the past five decades 在过去的五十年13. be born into a poor family 出生于一个贫困家庭14. make it possible to…使…成为可能15. graduate from…从…毕业16. as a result 结果17. keep…free from/of 使…免受（影响，伤害），使不含（有害物）18. circulate one’s knowledge 传播知识19. thanks to 幸亏,由于；由于due to；owing to on account of20. rid …of…使…摆脱…be rid of get rid of 去掉；摆脱21. be/keep free of/from 远离…使…免受（影响，伤害等）22. mean little to sb. 对某人意义不大23. equip sb with sth 给某人配备某物equip sb for sth 使某人具有做某事的能力24. would rather do sth 宁愿would rather do A than do B; would do A rather than do B;would rather (that )sb did sth;would rather that sb had done sth 宁愿某人做某事25. prefer to 更喜欢…26. lead to 导致27. awake from 从…中醒来28. with the hope of 带着…的希望29. focus on 集中（注意力，精力）于30. every two or three years 每两三年every few years 每隔几年31. be suitable for 对…合适32. the water supply 水的供应33. get confused 感到困惑be confused about 对感到困惑34. be prepared to 准备…35. insist on 坚持36. refer to 指的是…参考…查阅…37. be rich in 富含…38. be good for 对…有好处39. reduce diseases 减少疾病Unit 3 Module 41. slide on a banana skin 在香蕉皮上滑倒2. in particular 特别的3. fall down 掉下4.convince sb of sth ;convince sb that 使某人相信convince5. on one’s occasion 曾经，有一次6. be content with 对…满意;be content to do sth 乐于做某事content oneself with 满足于to one’s heart’s content 心满意足7. badly off(worse off) 贫困well off (better off) 富裕8. astonish us with the deep feelings 用深厚的感情打动…9. be born in poverty 出生贫寒10. in between 在……之间11. be/feel depressed at/about/by 对……感到忧虑、沮丧12. be well-known throughout the world 举世闻名13. be astonished to do sth/at sth/by sth 对……吃惊to one’s astonishment 令人惊讶的是14. pay special attention to 特别注意…15. a social failure 一个社会生活中的失败者fail to do sth;fail in sth 失败，未能做到16. overcome difficulties 克服困难17. be unkind to sb 对…不好18. be bored with 对感到厌烦19. whisper to sb;in a whisper= in whispers 低声说20. how vast the sky is 天空多么广阔21. try a third time 又试了一次22. improve your English vocabulary 扩大英语词汇量23. pick up 拾起…/接某人24. be caught in a snowstorm 遭遇到暴风雪25. on the edge of a mountain 在大山边缘26. pick out 挑出27. cut off 切断,隔绝…28. as if 似乎,好像29. eat every mouthful with great enjoyment每口都吃得津津有味30. star in 主演…31. be buried in 被埋葬在…32. knock into 撞到…33. in the open air 在户外34. play on words 说俏皮话35. treat...as…把…看作(consider…as; look on…as; think of…as; regard…as)36. a sense of success/humour 成功感, 成就感/ 幽默感37. in a mountainous area 在山区38.react to sth 对……作出反应Unit 4 Module 41. be curious about sth 对……好奇be curious to do sth 急于做某事2. act out 表演出来3. the purpose of language 语言的目的4. make a statement on 发表关于…声明5. at a major hotel 在大酒店6. represent the Chinese government 代表中国政府7. look around in a curious way 好奇地四处张望8. closely followed by…后面紧跟着…9. introduce…to…介绍…10. approach sb 靠近…approach to (doing)sththe approaching examinations 即将到来的考试the approach of spring 春天的到来11. in defence (of) 防御、防卫；defend against/from防御12. major in sth 主修…专业13. take a few steps away from 离开…退开几步14. sb/sth be likely to do sth 很可能= it is possible/probable (for sb) to do sth15. reach his hand out to 伸出手去…16. spoken language 口语English-speaking countries17. keep physical distance, 保持身体距离18. kiss sb on the cheek 亲吻某人的脸颊19. shake hands with sb 与…握手20. nod at 对…点头21. avoid difficulty in communication 避免交流中的困难avoid doing sth.22. with the help of 在…的帮助下23. in general 一般而言= generally speaking24. even if 即使25. in most cases 在多数情况下;as is often the case 这是常有的事; 通常如此in any case 无论如何;In some cases 在某些情况下;in case 以防万一;in case of 如果，假使26. be similar to 与…相似27. turn one’s back to 背对…;对……置之不理28. the universal facial expression 通用的脸部表情29. be intended to 打算…30. put/set…at ease 使…放心at ease 舒适，自由自在with ease 容易地31. lose face 丢面子face to face 面对面make a face做鬼脸；32. look away from sb 从…转过眼神(不看)；看别处；转移视线33. hold your arms across your chest 双臂抱胸34. give a hug to sb 拥抱…35. be willing to 愿意…36. look directly at an adult 直视一个成人look sb in the eye 直视…37. be wrong about 误解…misunderstanding of/about sth 误解;误会misunderstand each other 互相误解. Unti 5 Module 41. a theme park 主题公园amusement park游乐园2. provide sb with sth 提供provide sth for sb3. amuse oneself 自娱自乐,消遣4. escape their busy life for a while 暂时逃避他们繁忙的生活5. various ways 各种方式 a variety of 各种各样，种类繁多6. meet this need 满足这种需要7. have fun together 一起玩得高兴for fun, great fun8. in recent decades 在最近几十年里9. more than 不仅仅more than pleased/ a teacher/5010. get around 四处走动,四处传开11. charge money for admission 收取门票费12. make a profit 挣钱13. not just…but also 不仅…而且…14.have a certain idea 某种特定的思想15. be based on 以…为基础16. athletic competition 运动竞赛1723. the challenge for …..的挑战18. a brand of sports equipment 某种品牌的运动装备19. come to life 活跃起来20. in the clothing of minority people 穿着少数民族人的服装21. a place of fantasy 梦幻之地22. get close to 靠近…be close to23. the early settlers in America 早期美洲移民24. marine or ocean parks 海洋公园25. within easy reach of 离…很近26. go on imaginary trips 进行虚拟的太空旅行take a journey deep into space 作一次太空旅行27. advanced computer techniques 先进的电脑技术28. experience life 感受生活29. large amounts of money 大量的钱30. remind him of the holiday 使他想起假日31. be pulled into a black hole 被拖进黑洞32. survive an airplane crash 在坠机事件中幸存33. mysterious creatures 神秘的生物34. for a break 作为间歇35. take a ride on 乘坐35.science and technology-based theme parks 以科技为基础的主题公园36.up-to-date information 最新的信息37.hands-on learning 实践性学习38..a good combination of fun and learning 娱乐和学习的良好结合39.point out 指出。
U4 phrases
Phraes in Unit 4Text:1.rush through 匆忙做完rush sb to sp=sb be rushed to sp 快速把某人送往某地in a rush=in a hurry 急忙地；the gold rush 淘金热；(during) the rush hour(公共交通)高峰时间, 上下班拥挤的时刻*How time rushes by!/How years have rushed by=How time flies! 时间飞逝2. 1) It has been / is some time since sb did sth…自从。
以来有多长时间了since后的动词若为延续性或状态性动词,应译为否定或相反,若为短暂性动词按字面意思翻译.e.g. It has been /is years since I enjoyed myself. 我很久没这么开心了。
It is(has been) ten years since I joined the army. 我参军已经十年了.2) It will /may be+ 一段时间+ before sb does/do…过多久才(从句时态用一般现在时)e.g. It will be a long time before we meet them again. 要过很长时间我们才能见到他们。
Scientists say it may be five or six years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. 科学家说可能要过五六年才能对人类做药物试验。
It was +时间段+before sb did…过多久才(从句时态用一般过去时)e.g. It was some time before we realized the turth. 过了一段时间我们才意识到真相。
phrases
1. put presents in each other’s bag, someone else’s book2. 序数词：first, second, third, fourth, fifth, fiftieth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth, fortieth, fourteenth, ninety----ninetieth once(一次), twice(两次), three times(三次)3. walk across the street, walk through the desert4. east, west, south, north----- eastern, western, southern, northernin the south of China= in the southern part of China5. He is proud of our great country. He is my pride.6. Remember to read English! (动词开头，祈使句)Remembering words is very important. （动名词做主语）7. invent---inventor---invention发明invite(邀请)8. at the beginning/start of9. I have my bike repaired. I have (=let) Tom repair my bike.10. five meters wide----English is widely used.terrible---terribly possible---possibly true----truly11. Walking is good for your health. in good health keep healthy eat healthily12. a map of China, a map of the world13. They enjoyed themselves. = They had a good time.He looks after himself well.（他把他自己照顾地好）My pen is red. Your pen (=yours) is black.14. offer them magazines= offer magazines to them15. to my surprise, be surprised at …, It is surprising!He is moved(人感动的) at the moving(动人的) film.16. make a contribution to protecting our environment (to+动词ing, 极特别)17. fall asleep---fell asleep, feel happy---felt happy18. like---unlike像、不像, like---dislike喜欢、不喜欢19. dirty---dirtier---dirtiest20. What have you done with the pen?21. many thousands of sheep, several thousand sheepseven hundred students, seven hundred s of the students in our school22. preferred (双写)，preferring23. Mother is worried about me. =Mother worries about me.24. except me除了我之外, an expert一位专家, expect to do期望做某事25. Good luck (to you)! He’s lucky. Luckily, I passed the exam.lucky---unlucky luckily---unluckily26. E-mail address, home address27. 小偷的妻子站在架子上，用一把小刀穿过一片叶子，要了狼的半条命。
phrases雅思单词
10 Key Phrases for Task 2 Essays搭配动词：1. 借鉴：draw on2. 提升，提高，改善：improve, sharpen,boost3. 学习：learn, gain4. 获得：acquire5. 丰富：enrich6. 鼓励：encourage7. 深化：deepen8. 涵盖，涉及：involve9. 促进,推广：promote，encourage10 .提供：provide11. 发展：develop, improve, build 成长成全面发展人才，成长成适应能力强的人12. 树立，建立：build13. 满足…要求、标准：meet one’s needs，satisfy one’s requirements14. 拓展：expand15. 扩展：broaden16. 为…打下基础：provide a foundation for…17. 为…做准备：prepare18. 增强：increase19. 共同解决：work together to20. 实现：achieve,realise, fufil21. 尽全力去…：strive to22. 集中精力：concentrate on23. 充分利用：make the best use of24. 轻松利用：have easy access to25. 做（实验）：do, perform, conduct26. 掌握：master27. 熟练掌握：become proficient in28. 更重视：place more importance on29. 参与：participate in, take part in30. 与…互动：interact with31. 调整：adjust32. 激发：stimulate, spur33. 提高…意识：raise…awareness of34. 面临，面对：face, confront with35. 培养：foster36. 需要：require, need37. 通过：by, through38. 引入：introduce39. 举办：hold, run40. 让，驱使：let, make, allow,drive41. 履行：fulfil42..引起，造成，导致：cause, attribute to, lead to43. 过着：lead, live44. 形成：develop, form45. 威胁：threaten46. 解决：address, solve47. 探索: explore48. 体验:experience49. 依赖:rely on50. 欣赏:appreciate51. 占用:take up52. 节省: save53. 升级，更新: upgrade, update54. 改造：reform, remodel55. 翻新：renovate56. 拆毁：demolish57. 伤害，破坏：damage, destroy,harm58. 给…让出空间：make space for…59. 缺乏;lack of, be short of60. 吸引：attract61. 传播：spread62. 弱化;weaken，erode 降低：lower 抑制，限制：limit 减少：reduce63. 尊重：respect64. 构成…的一部分：form part of…65. 接触到某种文化或某种媒体的影响：be exposed to66. 震慑：deter67. 预防：prevent68. 安装:install69. 滥用：misuse70. 为…做贡献：contribute to…71. 阻碍：hinder72. 对…至关重要：is vital to73. 监管：regulate, minor, supervise74. 罚款：fine75.控制:control76. 包含：contain77. 影响：affect, influence(v. n. )技能类短语（skill）1.团队合作能力team-work skills2.沟通能力communication skills3.社会交往能力social skills4.电脑，计算机能力computer skills5.解决问题能力problem-solving skills6.外语能力foreign language skills7.创造力creative skills8.艺术能力artistic skills9.读写能力reading and writing skills10.思考和学习能力thinking and learning skills11.领导能力leadership skills12.学术能力academic skills13.认知能力cognitive skills14. 分析能力analytical skills15. 批判思考能力critical thinking skills16. 独立思考能力independent thinking skills17. 复杂问题思考能力intellectual skills效率类短语：efficient,efficiency1.让学习变得更高效make learning more efficient2.提高他们的效率improve/increase their efficiency3.减少干扰reduce distractions4.更好地利用他们的时间make the best use of their time5.提升他们（工作或学习）的表现boost their performance6.让我们的生活更方便，更舒适make our lives more convenient and comfortable7.让交通更高效make traffic more efficient8.（广告，新闻节目，报纸等）影响人们的看法influence people’s opinions9.让国家变得更具有竞争力make the country more competitive权利类短语1.给他们更多的自由give them more freedom2.给他们更多选择性increase their choice3.应该纯属个人的选择should be a personal choice4.（学生或员工）可以更灵活的安排时间can have more flexible schedules5.（员工）拥有工作的稳定性have job security6.员工福利employee benefits7.收到平等的对待are treated fairly8.促进性别平等，促进男女平等promote gender equality9.侵犯他们的隐私invade their privacy责任类短语：responsibility, be responsible for1.教给孩子良好的举止teach their children good manners2.给他们建议和支持give them advice and support3.工作的家长们working parents4.取得好成绩achieve good grades/get good grades5.老年人elderly people6.满足学生们的需求meet students’ needs7.提供一个友好的学习环境provide a friendly learning environment8.做义工do volunteer work/do voluntary work9.改善公共服务improve public services10.创造就业create jobs/create employment opportunities11.减少贫困现象reduce poverty12.通过立法来…introduce laws to13.举办大规模的宣传活动以鼓励人们去… run campaigns to encourage people to14.促进公平的竞争promote fair competition15.提供可靠的信息provide reliable information16.良好的家庭教育good parenting17.良好的学校教育good schooling环境类短语（环境污染，能源危机，转基因食品，动植物）1.破坏环境damage the environment2.工业生产industrial production3.交通污染traffic pollution4.化石燃料fossil fuels5.人口的快速生长rapid population growth6.节约能源conserve energy7.履行他们/它们对环境的义务meet/fufil their environmental responsiblilites8.变得过度拥挤become overcrowded9.转基因食品genetically-modified food10.砍伐森林log forests/cut down forests11.濒危动物，很可能会灭绝的动物endangered animals12.动物实验do animal experiment健康类短语:health, healthy1.保持健康的生活方式lead/live a healthy lifestyle2.过着不健康的生活lead/live an unhealthy lifestyle3.家里做的饭菜home-made/home-cooked food4.快餐fast food5.户外运动outdoor sports/activities6.推广健康的生活方式promote healthy lifestyles7.改善医疗服务improve healthcare services8.人口的老龄化population ageing9.导致压力和焦虑cause stess and anxiety10.花过多的时间上网spend too much time online11.有一种强烈的归属感have a strong sense of belonging12.在生活中承受很大压力lead a stressful lifestyle财务类短语1.崇尚消费的社会consumer society2.形成良好的消费习惯develop good/healthy spending habits3.涉及很高的费用involve high costs4.低价航线的航空公司low-cost airlines5.贫富差距the gap between rich and poor6.获得高额的利润make large profits7.为。
Phrases 集锦
Phrases 集锦Aadd1、增加2、加起来3、补充说add……to把……加到add to 增加、增进add up to 总共是、总计是add up加起来agree/agreementsththing agree with sb 1、适合某人The climate here didn’t agree with me. 2、相一致=consist withagree on/upon sth 就……取得一致意见固定搭配：agree to one’ssuggestion/plan/program/arrangement/term agree to do sth 愿意做arrive at/come to/reach/make an agreement达成协议sign an agreement with与……达成协议advantagehave an advantage over sb 在某方面比某人占优势have the advantage of 有……方面的优势take advantage of 利用（弱点、机会）占某人便宜to one’s advantage 对……有利give sb an advantage over 是某人在……有利attend/attentionattend school/class/church 上学、上课、去教堂attend a meeting/conference/party/wedding 参加会议、聚会、婚礼pay attention to 注意draw/catch/attract one’s attention to 令某人注意某事call/fix/focus one’s attention to 全神贯注于apply 1、适合2、申请3、涂抹于4、运用apply oneself to doing 致力于、专心做apply to sb/sth 1、与……有联系2、适应于apply sth to sth 1、把……应用到2、把……涂抹在adapt 1、改编2、适应3、改造adapt for 被改编成adapt from 由……改编成adapt oneself to=adjust oneself to 使适应于adopt（收养、采纳）/adjust （调整、适合）adopt measures=take measures/actionadjust to=accommodate to 适应approach 1、接近靠近2、研究处理3、与……打交道4、向……提议an approach to （接人待物或思考问题）方法at the approach of 在……将到的时候make an approach to 对……进行探讨approach sb about/on sth 为某事与某人打交道辨析：by the means/with the method/in the wayargueargue with sb over/about sth与……争论……argue sb into/out doing说服某人做/不做argue that认为argue for/against赞成/反对argue sb down驳倒某人accessaccess to到……入口have access to 有权利/资格使用……be easy/hard access 容易/困难接近give access to 接见、准许进入have/get/gain/obtain access to可以进入、使用admitbe admitted to/into被……录取admit doing/having done承认做（过）某事admit of容许有……的余地，有……可能admit sb to be承认某人其他：at length 1、最终终于2、充分详细above all最重要的after all毕竟、别忘了in all总共Bbasis基础、根据（用于抽象概念）/base基础、底部、底座be the basis of是……的基础on the basis of以……为基础be based on以……为基础be based in把（总部、基地）设在breakbreak out=burst out突然发生（指火灾、战争、疾病、争吵）break away from挣脱、脱离、打破常规break into=burst into闯入、强行进入；突然break down 打破；出故障；身体垮掉、精神崩溃；计划失败、和谈破裂、公司破产、通讯中断、瓦解；化学分解；把……分类break in闯入；插话break up物理分解；打碎、粉碎；拆散、驱散；分手、关系破裂break off=knock off打断、中断、停止工作break through突围，突越障碍，冲垮、克服blameblame sb for sth/sth on sb因某事责怪某人sb be to blame某人应受责备place/lay/put blame on sb责怪某人banput a ban on=ban sth禁止lift/remove the ban on解除对……的禁令under a ban被禁止ban/stop/keep/prevent sb from doing sth禁止某人做……bringbring on引起、导致（+坏结果）；使前进；把……端上来bring about引起、导致、造成bring back拿回、使恢复、使回忆bring down降价；使倒下、翻到bring……to an end结束bring out取出；说出、阐明；生产、制造bring forward提出、提议bring in介绍、吸引、引进；赚钱；收庄稼bring sth to mind使想起bring……to life使苏醒、使活跃起来bring up呕吐；抚养bring sth to light发现；将……公诸于世Ccomecome on快来、赶快；得了吧；加油come about=bring about发生、产生；造成come across偶然遇到、碰见；被理解；横跨过come along陪伴come out出来；出版；泄露=let out;真相大白；开花、发芽；获得名次；结果是；去掉、褪色；发现come true实现come up with想出、提出；追及、赶上come off掉落、跌落；举行、进行、发生；成功come to苏醒；涉及、谈到；总数为、总计；降临、发生come up（价格、温度）上升；走进；发芽；问题被提出come up to达到；符合come upon（灾难、恐惧）突然向……袭来；突然产生；偶遇、发现come over顺便来访；复习come around拜访come by努力获得；从旁边走过；做生意come at攻击、扑向come through公开、公布come of是……的结果；出身于carrycarry on with sth=carry on doing继续、坚持、进行carry out实行、执行、履行（其后常用名词：promise,views,advice,policy orders)carecare for照顾=look after;喜欢；想要care about在乎、介意callcall off取消call for需要；去取某物call up打电话call out大声喊叫；召集、召唤call at拜访某地call on拜访某人call on sb to do号召某人干……call back回电话；召回call in请来、找来；召集cutcut down 砍刀；削减、减少cut across抄近路cut in插嘴cut up剪成碎片cut through打穿cut off切掉、中断、停止供应cut out省略、删除、减下来contactbe in (out of)contact with与……有（没有）联系keep in contact with保持联系get into/in contact with取得联系lose contact with失去联系contractmake/sign/carry out/break/concel a contract 与……定合同/签/履行/毁/取消合同by/on contract以承包方式、以合约consistconsist of由……组成consist with=agree with和……一致consist in=lie in在于be consistent with与……一致conditionin bad condition=in a bad state/situationin/out of condition状况好/不好on condition that在……条件下；倘若=as long ason no condition=at no time在任何条件下都不casein any case无论如何in one’s case就……的情形看in this/that case如果这样/如果那样in case of假如、万一in no case绝不（用于句首半倒装）in case 假如、万一；以防、以免covercover with用……盖住……cover an area of占地面积为be covered with/by被覆盖cover a lot of ground走很长的路cover the event采访under cover隐藏着cover sth up掩盖、隐瞒under the cover of在……掩护下；趁着；打着……的幌子from cover to cover从头到尾conclusionreach/come to/draw/arrive at a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总而言之、综上所述bring……to a conclusion把……了结to conclude最后conclude sth with sth以……使某事结束considerconsider sth/sb to be认为、当做be considered to be被认为consider doing考虑做all things considered就各方面而言be considerate of sb/sth体谅某人；对……考虑周全it’s considerate of sb to do sth某人做……很周到take sth into considerarion把……考虑在内under consideration在考虑中congratulationaccept one’s congratulations接受……的祝贺express one’s congratulations表示祝贺send/offer one’s congratulations to sb on sth因某事向某人表示祝贺congratulate sb on sth向某人祝贺congratulate oneself on为……感到自豪charactera man of character有个性、有骨气的人a leading character主角be in/out of character符合/不符合某人性格give sb a good character给某人好评get a good/bad character得到好/坏名声commentmake comments on/upon对……做出评价have comments from听取……的意见其他：compare A to B把A比作B compare A with B A 与B比较be concerned in涉及be concerned with与……有关be concerned over/about/for=be anxious about担心、忧虑be closely with与……关系密切Ddiedie of死于疾病、情感、饥饿等内因die from死于刀伤、吸烟等外因die away逐渐停止消失die down逐渐减弱平息（主要指风、雨、火、大浪）die off相继死去die out绝种、灭绝、消失die back枯萎die hard旧习惯难改掉direct vt.指挥、导演、命令adj.直接的、率直的adv.直接地direct sb to do指导、命令某人做……direct sb to sw给某人指路direction[C]in all directions=in every direction四面八方In the direction of朝……的方向[U]under the direction of=under one’s direction在……的指导下follow one’s directions照说明去做distance/distantin the distance在远处at the/a distance稍远处keep sb at a distance=keep one’s distance from与……保持距离be distant toward sb对……冷淡be distant from离……远一点dateout of date过期的，过时的up to ate现代的，最新的date back to/from追溯到have a date with与……约会fix/make a date for sth约定做某事的时期delightto one’s delight/joy/enjoyment令某人高兴的事delight sb with用……取悦某人take delight in sth/doing sth以做某事为乐delight in sth/doing sth干……高兴be delighted with/at/by为……而高兴be delighted to do很高兴做deligthful令某人高兴的，主语为物其他：deal with=cope with处理do with处理、应付decline下降；委婉拒绝be on the decline=be in decline正在下降drop out辍学do away with=abolish废除develop发展；培养；染上疾病；冲洗胶卷；养成习惯develop a bad cold患上严重感冒Eexperimentexperiment with对……进行试验experiment in某方面的实验experiment on/upon在……身上做实验by experiment通过实验do/make/perform/carry out an experiment做实验engagebe engaged in=be obsorbed in=be buried in=be occupied with忙于；从事于be engaged to与……订婚endend in以……告终（加胜利、失败等名词）end (up) with以……结束（着重于某事的结局）end up结果是，下场是（+介词短语、adj、-ing）evidence/evidentgive/show/bare evidence of有……的迹象in evidence显而易见call sb in evidence叫某人来作证be evident to sb that某人很清楚it’s quite evident/obvious/clear (to sb) that很显然entertainentertain sb to sth用……招待某人entertain sb with sth用……使某人快乐find an entertainment in以……为乐entertainer艺人Ffeedfeed sb on=feed sth with给……吃……feed sth to sb拿……喂be feed up with=be tired of=be bored with对……感到厌倦feed sb sth=feed sth to sb提供意见，灌输feed Awith B=feed B into A供给，把……放进机器fallfall into the habit=get into the habit染上……习惯fall behind落后fall in love with爱上fall on/upon节日；恰逢；落在……上fall for爱上；欺骗fall to pieces崩溃，垮台，解体其他：find out查明，弄清figure out计算出；想出；弄明白，理解；解决问题Ggivegive up放弃，投降，让位give in屈服，让步give out分布；宣布；用尽= run out;精疲力竭；发出光和热give off发出give bake归还，返回；恢复give away泄露秘密；出卖暴露；分发；捐赠；放弃；失去机会；公布答案gogo through经历，遭受；获得通过；被批准；查找；检查；讨论go after追赶，追求，设法得到go back to追溯到go against反对，违背，对……不利go all out to do 全力以赴go by从旁经过，时间流逝，错过机会，遵守，依据，按照go in for从事，参加比赛，爱好，喜欢，赞成go along进行，一起去go over付息，仔细检查，审阅go ahead继续做，前进go for去请、去取、去做，努力获取，喜欢，适应于=be true of，抨击go out外出，去旅行，熄灭=go off，衣着过时，公布，播出go with伴随，与……相配go without没有……也行go off离开，走掉；熄灭；闹钟响起；爆炸；变质，变坏getget it理解，领悟；作对了get through打通电话+to sb；考试及格；成功的度过熬过；用尽完成get over康复；克服；复习，掌握；越过get on/along with进展顺利；相处get off/on下/上车get across被理解get down to doing开始认真干……get around四处走动，旅行=get round=get about；消息传开get away from摆脱，避免，离开get out of从……出来，摆脱get in touch with与……联系get into陷入……guaranteeguarantee sth/that保证……guarantee sb sth=guarantee sth to sb向某人保证……guarantee sb against/from担保某人免受损失be under guarantee在保修期内guarantee to do保证做Hholdhold on别挂断，等会；继续，持续，坚持hold on to抓住不放，保留hold out伸出；坚持；维持；硬撑hold back阻止，阻碍=keep back；控制；隐瞒，保密；退缩hold up举起，抬起；使停止，使延迟；抢劫hold over威胁，笼罩hold down镇压=put down;抑制压制；缩减=cut down；保持职位hold off推迟，延迟hanghang up挂起；挂断电话hang on握住不放；坚持下去；不挂断hang out闲逛，闲荡；经常出没hang back退缩havehave sb do=let/make sb do=get sb to do让……做……have sb done sb与do是被动have sb doing让……一直干下去；用在否定或条件句中译为不容忍handhand out分发hand over移交give/lend sb a hand帮某人忙hand in hand手牵手；与……齐头并进hand in上交hand down传下去be home to=be the home of……的发源地Iimpressimpress sth on sb=impress sb with sth 使……对……印象深刻be impressed by/at被……感动；对……有印象make/leave/creat an impression on sb给某人留下印象one’s impression of sb/sth对……的印象have a good impression of sb对某人有好印象give sb the impression of给……留下印象be under the impression that认为觉得impress sth on sth在某物上盖印章interestshow/lose interest in sth对……有/失去兴趣at 5% interest以5%d 利息have no/some/much/little interest in对……有/没有兴趣with interest有兴趣in the interest of为了某人利益be interested in对……有兴趣Kkeepkeep out of不进入keep sb/sth out of不牵扯进去，不惹事keep off远离，避开keep up保持，维持，继续knockknock over打翻，撞死knock out摧毁，敲出knock off停止，中断Llooklook around/about/round for四处寻找look away from把目光从……移开look forward to期望，盼望look into调查=investigate；向里看，窥视look over越过……看，仔细检查look back on/upon/at/to回顾look through浏览，看穿，审核look up to尊敬look on as=think of as认为，看做look up向上看；查阅；探访look back over one’s shoulder回头look down on/upon俯视，轻视=think little/badly/nothing of sb look out小心laylay out展示，摆出；安排，筹划lay off下岗，失业laid-off workers下岗工人lay aside=set aside放在一边；拒绝；留出金钱lay down放下其他：let out泄露；发出，放出，释放let alone=not to mention更不必说，更谈不上leave behind留下，落后leave alone让……一个人呆着leave out省去，删除leave for动身到某处live up to达到某人期望at last最终（last:持续，延续；经久耐穿；够用；维持）long for=cry for渴望be limited to被限制limit to把……限制在……中set a limit to=put a limit on限制lean down弯下身子Mmomentfor the moment暂时，目前for a moment一会儿，片刻in a moment=in no time立即，马上at the moment此刻，现在，目前at any moment随时at the last moment在最后一刻the moment=the minitue/instant=as soon as=immediately=directly 一……就……makemake out of改制成，把……造就成make sense of理解，弄明白make out辨别出；理解；结果是make sense讲得通，有意义make for有利于，倾向于make up for补偿；弥补be made into被制成be made of由……制成（看出原材料）make it约定时间，成功be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）make use of利用be made in在某地被制造make up one’s mind下定决心make of=think of想出，认为make up组成，构成be made up of=consist of=be composed of由……组成；虚构，编造；化妆；安排；和好和解；补足凑足；弥补make good on one’s word履行诺言moremore than +数词=over超过；+名词不仅；+adj.非常no more than+数词=only=nothing more than 仅仅；+比较级和……一样不no less than+数词多达；+比较级和……一样not more than至多，不超过meanmean doing意味着做……mean to do打算做……had mean to do=meant to have done本打算做mean sb to do打算让某人做be meant for打算用作moodbe in a bad/blue mood=feel sadbe in a good mood=feel cheerfulbe in no mood to do/for doing没有做……的心情in the mood for doing/to do 有做……的心情measuremake sth to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物take one’s measure=take the measure of给某人量尺寸take measures采取措施mindchange one’s mind改变主意、计划make up one’s mind做出决定keep……in mind记在心里mind your step小心脚下，慢走have sth on mind为某事操心、忧虑mind sb doing sth介意某人做be out of one’s mind发疯mind your own business管好你自己的事Nnotemake/take notes of记录compare notes with sb与……交换意见take note of注意到leave a note for sb给……留便条note /write down记下be noted for=be famous for因为……而出名be noted as=be famous as作为……而出名not a little非常not a bit=not at all=not in the least一点也不Oobserveobserve on/upon评论take observe of=notice注意到某个细节out ofsix out of seven七个中的六个out of job失业out of danger脱离危险out of control失控out of contact失去联系out of date过时out of use不好用了out of luck倒霉out of order坏了；乱七八糟out of balance失去平衡out of reach够不到out of sight看不见out of shape变形out of question毫无疑问out of the question不可能成为问题out of one’s power力所不能及out of patience失去耐心out of pity/sympathy/kindness with出于对……的可怜/同情/好心out of place不恰当Ppickpick up捡起，拿起，扶起；用车接某人；收听，接收；无意中学会；便宜的买到；收拾，整理；生意好转；恢复健康；加快速度；染成……习惯=develop=get intopick out分辨出，挑选，显眼pullpull out抛出，拿出；驶出，开出；拔出；离开pull in车子开进；停车；到岸pull on匆忙的穿上，套上pull over把车开到一边pull up拔起，使停止pull off扯下，脱去pull down拆毁，降低pull through度过难关，从病中恢复过来putput into放进，把……变成put sth into practice实施put away放好，收拾起来put down放下，写下，记下put out熄灭，出版，生产，伸出put up举起，挂起，张贴，建起，提供住宿；提高价格、速度put on穿上，上演put up with容忍，忍受=tolorateput back拿回put off推迟，拖延put forward提出，提议；推荐，推举，把时针向前拨put through接通电话，完成put on weight发福put across解释清楚，表达put in order整理、整顿put asside把……放在一边，忽视，不顾，储存，留出prepareprepare to do准备干prepare for sth为……做准备prepare sth正在准备prepare sb for sth使某人为……做好了准备be prepared for为……做好了准备pointon the point of doing=be about to do正要做……off the point离题的there is no point in doing干……没意义to the point中肯的，得要领的that’s the point这就对了come straight to the point=get down to the point谈正题，开门见山that’s not the point 那不是问题所在，你没说点上passpass by经过，忽略；避开passer-by过路人pass away去世pass on to传递，流传pass down流传pass over忽略，回避presentpresent sb with sth=present sth to sb赠与，给予提交，呈现=hand in陈述，表达，提出想法=set out=state介绍=introduce其他：peer up注视着be in pain处在痛苦中no pains,no gains.spare no pains to do=spare no effort to do不遗余力干某事in place在适当位置in place of代替in one’s place在别人位置上；替别人想puzzle over/about关于某事而思索do a word puzzle猜字谜Rrun vi.跑步，流淌，行驶，机械运转，竞选vt.管理，经营，开动，驱动[n]赛跑，路线，航线run across偶尔遇见run a risk of=take a risk冒险run into difficulties陷入困境run after追赶run/have a fever=run a temperature发烧run for竞选run into跑进，撞上，偶然遇到，碰到困难或麻烦in the long/short run从长远/短期看来the run of趋势趋向run out=run short=give out用完vi. run away逃跑，逃走run out of=run short of=use up用完vt.run down流下；跪下；钟表停止run over在……驶过，碾过refer to1、涉及到，适应于This rule refers to everyone.These books refer to Asian problems.2、查阅refer to the dictionary=look up a word in the dictionsry3、提及，提到Please don’t refer to his past again.4、指的是When I said someone was stupid,I wasn’t referring to you. refer……to……把……委托给……，按……参照refer to……as将……称之为resultas a result/consequence因此，结果result from=lie in因……而产生as a result/consequence of=because of=on account of因为，由于result in=bring about=lead to导致，造成……结果raise举起，喂养、饲养，种植，提出问题，招募重兵，募捐rise(rose,risen)太阳升起；水位、价格等上升；起立、起床rise to feet站起来relyrely on it that相信，指望rely on依赖，相信=depend on reliable可信赖的，可依靠的rely on one’s doing=rely on sb to do指望某人做……respectrespect sb for sth因……而尊敬respect oneself自尊respect the law遵守法律in respect of就……而言have/show respect for sb对……表示尊敬out of one’s respect to出于对……的尊敬in all respcts=in every respect各方面give/send one’s respects to sb代某人向某人问候Sshowshow sb around/round领某人参观show off炫耀show sb in领某人进来show sb out送某人出去show up出现，来到某处show sb to the door把某人送到门口setset about doing着手做某事set down放下set aside把……放在一边，不顾，拒绝，留出，拨出set in以……为背景，接近，来临，开始set sail扬帆起航set off出发，引爆，引起set out出发，动身=set off;开始做某事=set about doing;阐述，陈述set up竖起，建造，张贴=put up;建立，创立，成立国家组织等set foot on踏上set sth on fire=set fire to sth纵火烧set a price on sb悬赏缉拿某人set the pace定速度speedat a speed of以……的速度at full speed=at top speed全速at low/high/ordinary speed以低/高/普通速度with great/all speed高速的pick up speed=speed up加速shapetake shape成型，具体化，有显著发展in shape在形状上，在外形上；处于良好状态，健康out of shape状况不佳，变形be shaped like形状上像get sth into shape成适当形式，整理in the shape/form of呈……形状，以……形式in any shape/form以任何形式searchsearch for寻找=look for=hunt forsearch sb/sp搜身，搜查某地search sb/sp for sb/sth为找某物、人而搜查stick n.棍棒；枝条vt.刺，戳；卡住，难住；粘贴stick with继续做，坚持stick out突出，伸出，刺穿stick to坚持（原则、诺言、思想）be stuck困住了stick on粘在一起stick by继续支持某人strike:敲打，钟敲响；罢工；划火柴；迷住；打动；给……留下深刻印象；袭击a good idea strike/occurred to/come to me其他：separate A from B把A和B分开（AB是连在一起）divide into把整体分成部分seek to do=try/attempt to do尝试干settle on停留see through看穿in low spirists低落a spirist of一种……的精神stand:站台，站，忍受Can you stand stand on a stand?你能忍受站在站台上吗？seedo干完了see+宾语+补语doing正在干done表被动I saw him beaten by his father.与see同种用法的单词：五看、四室、两听、一感觉即：see,observe,notice,watch,pay attention tomake,have,get,letlisten to,hearfeelTtaketake away拿走，带走；剥夺，夺去；使离开take place发生，进行take sb in接纳，收容；欺骗；引进take sth in吸收，领会，理解；改小衣服take on承担，从事，雇佣，呈现take one’s place代替，就坐take over接管，接手take out取出，拔掉，清除，把某人带去take sth for granted理所当然take turns轮流take great trouble to do不辞辛劳干某事，费力做某事take pains to do努力做某事take after像……一样take up占空间，时间；把……进行下去；开始从事，拿起，举起take back收回（所说的话、指责）take A for B把A误认为Btake off脱掉，起飞，休假，取消，走红take sth as=regard as=consider as=look on as=think of as把……看做turnturn against背叛，翻脸，敌对，与……反目成仇turn away转身走开；转变方向；把脸转过去；拒绝看，拒之门外，打发走turn back折回，调转，赶回去turn down关小，拒绝，驳回turn up出现，调大turn into把……变成，把……翻译成turn in上交，交还turn over翻过来，翻身，翻耕，移交，仔细考虑turn out关掉，生产，制造，结果是，证明是，解雇turn around/round转过身，转过来in return作为回报turn about回头，向后转in turn依次，轮流timeof all time有史以来，自古以来in no time=at once=mmediately=right away立即，马上at no time=in no way=in no case=on no condition=under no circumstance=by no means=in no sense绝不in time=sooner or later及时，迟早from time to time=now and then=once in a while=at times时常at a time一次。
phrases new
abide by 遵守above all 首先；尤其是be absorbed in 全神关注地做accord with 与…一致according to 根据…account for 解释accuse sb of 控告某人某事as above 如上be acquainted with 与…熟识act on 作用于，根据…办事adapt oneself to使…适应于add to// increase 增加add up to 总数为；等于说adhere to 附着于…上all but 除…外全都have advantage over 比…有优势agree on就…达成一致all of a sudden＝suddenly at random任意地ahead of (in advance/ beforehand) 提前all at once 突然amount to 合计；等于be annoyed with sb at /for sth对…生气answer for…对…负责anything but 决不apart from除…以外apologize to sb for sth appeal to 求助于；引起…的兴趣apply for 申请apply ….to…把…应用于… approve of disapprove of arise from 起因于as a consequence / result of由于…的原因as a whole 就整体来看as concerns 关于be ashamed of 因…感到羞愧be associated with ..与…有联系at a loss 不知所措feel at ease／at home 自由自在at hand 在手边；附近at intervals 间或at times 有时at large 充分；详细；逍遥自在地at length 终于；详细地at one’s disposal 任人处置at no time in no case by no means under on circumstances 决不attend to 注意；照顾at one’s convenience 在某人方便时at one’s expense at one’s cost 以…为代价at the risk of 冒…险attach importance to 认为…有意义attribute …to ／o we …to把…归因／归功于；be based on on the basis of 以…为基础be on a diet go on a diet 节食blame…sb. for sth blame …on sb谴责break down 破坏；（身体）搞跨break in 闯入；打断break off 折断；中止；结束break through 突破bring about changes 引起；导致；带来bring out 发表；出版；公布bring light to 显露；揭露bring up培养；养育be busy (in) doing 忙于做by accident /by chance碰巧；意外地by all means 无论如何by means of 用…的方式by no means 决不by and by 不久以后；后来by comparison by contrast by far the best 大大地；很by virtue of 依靠…的力量；由于by way of 经由；通过call at 访问；停（泊）在call for 要求；需要call off ／cancel 取消can’t but 不得不can’t…too 无论怎样…也不过分be capable of be able to do care about 关心carry out 执行；进行catch on e’s breath 屏息be characterized by以…为特征cheer up 振奋起来charge …with控告charge …for 索费；要钱clear away 清除；收拾clear up 整理；（天）转晴come to 共计；苏醒come to nothing 毫无结果commit …to …将…提交…compare … to 把…比喻成compare …withcomplain of/ about to sb.抱怨be composed of ＝be made up of =consist of=comprise concentrate on/upon 专心于be concerned about / with /for关心be confident of ＝have confidence in conform to / with 与…一致／相符consist in 在于consist ofbe contrary to 与…相反object to oppose to on the contrary相反cope with deal with do with handle tacklecount for much ／nothing ／little 关系重大／无足轻重feel like doing//would like to do想要做…count on depend on rely on live on rest on feed on 依靠be entitled to sth/ to do 有权利做cut off 切开；使隔绝；中断deal in 从事于decide on sth 决断；选定decide to do devote oneself to dedicate oneself to sth 献身于dispose of 处理；解distinguish A from B tell from 区分embark on 从事；着手do away with ＝get rid of 废除；去掉draw on凭借；利用draw in (on)顺便走访due to 由于dwell on 详述；细想dwell in =live in enter into 参与；从事enter for 报名参加（竞赛）be equivalent to 相当于ever since 从那时起exchange … for 以…交换…excuse from 使…免除expose oneself to sth暴露于fall back on 凭借；求助于be familiar to 为…所熟悉；be familiar with熟悉…be fed up with 厌烦figure out 想出；推测；理解find out make out find fault with 找茬it follows that由此可见…Tom cheats on the test, but it doesn’t follow that everyone in the room cheats.for fear that / lest / in case 惟恐；以免for one thing,一则for another 另则for one’s purpose / for the purpose of 为了…的目的；对…来说on purpose 故意地for that reason 由于那个缘故for the present /for the time being 目前，暂时for the sake of 为了…起见；为了…缘故free …from… 使…摆脱…free from无…的；免去…的be frightened/ afraid of 害怕from behind 从…后面from time to time 时不时get/be accustomed to sth.习惯于get along with与…相处；进展get by 通过；勉强混过get on one’s nerves 使人不安，心烦give off 放出（烟，气味）；释放give out分发；用尽give rise to 引起，造成give way to让位于；被…替代given sth // given that （+句子）已知假定；go all out 全力以赴go back on 违背；食言go by 路过；遵循；依照go in for 从事；参加；爱好go into 进入；参加；调查go out 外出；熄灭go over 检查；复习hand in/ out 递交/ 分发hang on 坚持下去；（电话）不挂断happen to do 碰巧做hard ly/scarcely / barely …when／before == no sooner than 一…就；（否定词在句首，要局部倒装）have a good command of 精通have a word 有几句话要讲have/ get access to 可进入；可获得…have much/ little in common with 有很多相似/ 没有相似head for 向…行进hold back退缩阻止hold on 继续坚持hold out 维持；提出；展示hold up 支持；举起；阻挡in the hope of / that = in hopes that 希望…be identical with/to 和…完全一样if only 要是…就好了（后接过去时的虚拟语气）only if 只有当…时才be ignorant of 不知道impose… on…把…强加给… in a sense 在某种意义上in a way 稍微；在某种程度上in this way 用这种方式in accordance with 与…一致；依据；按照in addition (to) 除…外；另外in advance 预先；提前in all 共计in any case再任何情况下都in no case 决不in association with …与相联系in blossom 正开着花in brief=in short=in a word 简而言之in charge of 负责；主管in the charge of 由…主管in consequence 因此in contact with 和…接触in detail 详细地in excess of 过度；过量in exchange for 为了换取in favor of 有利于；赞成；支持in general = generally speaking 总之in good condition 处于良好状态in harmony with 与…和谐；与…一致in high/ low spirits 情绪高/低in honor of 为纪念；向…表示敬意in proportion to 与…成比例in itself / nature 就其本质而言in large 大规模地in light of 由于；鉴于in one’s opinio n 依照某人的看法in one’s way 妨碍；阻碍in particular 尤其是特别是in person/ personally 亲自in place of 代替；而不是in pursuit of追求in preference to 在…之先；优先于in regard to 关于in return for 作为…的报酬；替换in spite of 尽管（后接名词）in stock / out of stock备有；现货/ 没有现货in terms of 依据；就…来说in that 在…方面；因为in the absence of 缺少…时in the air在空中；在流行/传播中；in the dark 一无所知in the event of// in case of如果发生；万一in the eyes of 从…观点看（not）at all / in the least 丝毫；一点in the long/ short run 从长远观点看/在短期内in the meantime=at the same time 同时in vain徒然地；无结果地(在句首引起局部倒装) in view of …在看来；鉴于be inclined to 倾向于be dependent on 依赖be in dependent of 和…无关；不依赖于be indifferent to 对…淡漠；/无影响be inferior / superior to 次于/ 优于inquire about 查问inquire into 调查；追究inquire sth of sb 想某人打听interfere with 干涉；打扰invest in 投资be involved in 涉入；卷入it goes without saying that 不言而喻i t’s (high) time that 正该…的时候（后接一般过去时）it isn’t the case 情况并非如此be jealous of 嫉妒be keen on 喜欢；着迷keep an eye on 注意；留意；照看keep … in mind 记住；不忘lack(in) vi/vt.. I lack wisdom.be lacking in he is lacking in courage.lack of the plants died for lack of water.lay/place basis for 打下…基础lay emphasis on 强调lay off （临时）解雇the lay-off下岗的人let alone 更别提live up to 实现；不辜负make sense 讲得通；有意义make sure 确定make up 组成；捏造；化装make up for 弥补；补偿many a student= many studentsmay/ might as well 不妨；还是…的好mistake A for B 把A误认为B name A after B 以B给A命名none other than 不外是；就是not a little 很；相当多not a bit 一点也不not so much …as 与其说…不如说now and again= now and then ；不时地(now) that / seeing that / since 既然object to objection to 反对be obliged to 不得不be occupied with/ in 忙于；从事于occur to sb某人想起eg. An idea occurs to me .我想起一个主意。
useful phrases
Useful Phrases1.at the thought of一想到…2.as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论3.be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有4.access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解5.by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地，意外. Without6.accident(=safely) 安全地，7.in accord with 与…一致. out of one’s accord with 同…。
不一致8.in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据9.on one’s own account1) 为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责3) (=by oneself)依靠自己10.take…into account(=consider)把…考虑进去11.give sb. an account of 说明，解释 (理由)12.account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释，说明。
13.on account of (=because of) 由于，因为。
14.on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)15.accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth.16.on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告17.be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于。
18.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解，熟悉19.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编，改写(以适应新的需要)20.in addition (=besides) 此外，又，加之in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外21.adhere to粘附; 坚持，遵循22.adjust..(to)调节; 适应;23.admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地。
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Bookk11 unit2 Detectivestories 一、核心词汇一）单词1. vt.侦查；探测；检定2. n. 跑步锻炼的人；慢跑者3. adj.法庭的；法医学的4. vt.喷射；喷溅5. n．指纹；手印6. n.污点；污处7. vt.包；裹8. vt.缚；绑9. n..（人体的）驱干10. n．外科医生11. vt.照X光；照X射线12. adj.不正常的；反常的；变态13. n．紧急情况；紧急事件14. n陪审团；评判委员会；陪审员15. n. 关押；监禁16. n.评估；评价17. n.寡妇18. vt.补偿；赔偿；酬报19. n．＆adj.最大量（的）；最20. n.动机；目的21. adv. 野蛮地；残酷地22. n．病房；病室23. adj.跛的；瘸的24. n.惊险读物（电影）25. adj.机密的；秘密的26. n.（政府的）部门27. n．葬礼；丧礼28. n.纪念物；纪念碑29. n.趋势；趋向30. n.失业；失业状态31. n.纳税人32. vt.输入；进口；引进33. n.铝34. adj.过剩的；剩余的n.剩余35. n.火焰36. n.蔬菜水果商37. 蔬菜水果商店38. n.小巷，胡同39. vi.＆vt.说；谈论；评论40. n.应试者；候选人；候补者41. vt.陈设；布置42. vt.开除；赶出43. n.津贴；补助44. adj.古怪的；奇特的；特殊的Phrases：1. 偶尔；时常2. 了解；理解；3. 犯罪现场4. 分辨辨别5. 提出6. 根据法律7. 关于至于8. 快速穿越，快速阅读，扮演，排演Language points:1. people collected samples of blood that had sprayed over the front and back seats and after laboratory tests, they found the blood belonged to three different people.警方采集了溅在汽车前后座位上的血样，经过实验室化验之后确定是三个人的血。
(P12,para2)这是一个并列复合句，由and连接前后两个句子。
在前一个句子里有一个由that引导的定语从句that had sprayed over the front and back seats修饰前面的blood。
在后一个句子里有一个宾语从句the blood belonged to three different people用作found的宾语。
A sample of blood可说blood sample，意思是“样品、标本、实例”的意思。
56%of the women in the sample said that they supported the go vernment’s policies.在抽样的人中有56%的妇女说她们支持政府的政策。
Here are some sample questions from last year's exam．这是去年考试中的一些样题。
spray n.①浪花，水花，飞沫e.g. Sea spray 海上的浪花A cloud of fine spray came uo from the watefall.飞瀑溅起一片水雾。
②喷剂，喷雾的液体e.g. a can of insect spray (=used to kill insects)一罐喷雾杀虫剂body spray 喷雾香水spray在本句用作不及物动词，意思是“飞溅”，还可以表示“（液体）喷雾”的意思。
There was a hole in the hose, and water sprayed out all over me.水管上有个洞，水溅了我一身。
The paint was sprayed evenly on the wa11．墙上油漆喷得很均匀。
spray也常用作及物动词，意思是“向……喷雾状的（液体）”。
spray sb/sth (with sth) 往…上撒，向…扫射（或抛洒）如：The his crops with pesticide．农民给庄稼喷洒农药。
She sprayed herself with perfume．她往自己身上喷了香水。
The gunman sprayed the building with bullets.持枪歹徒向那座房子扫射。
Pieces of glass sprayed all over the room.屋里到处落满了玻璃碎片。
spray sth (on/onto/over sb/sth)喷，喷洒，向…喷洒e.g. spray the conditioner onto your wet hair.往你的湿头发上喷些护发素。
She’s had the car sprayed blue.她让人把她的车喷成了蓝色。
补充：spray can 喷雾罐sprayer 喷雾器，喷枪spray gun 喷枪2. Several people reported seeing such a man and some said that the man had followed them and threatened them with he bow and arrow.有好几个人都报告说看到过这样一个人，还有人说那个人曾经跟踪过他们，还用弓箭威胁过他们。
（P12 para4）threatenv. threaten sb (with sth) 扬言要，威胁，恐吓e.g. They broke my windows and threatened me.他们砸碎我的窗子并威胁我。
The attacker threatened them with a gun.袭击者用枪威胁我们。
He was threatened with dismissal if he continued to turn up late for work.他受到警告，如果继续上班迟到，就被辞退。
threaten to do sth 要挟说要做某事e.g. the hijackers threatened to kill one passenger every hour if their demands were not met.劫机者要挟说，如果他们的要求得不到满足，他们每过一个小时就杀死一名乘客。
补充：threatening adj.1.威胁的，恐吓的Threatening letters 恐吓信Threatening behaviour威胁行为2.阴沉沉的，乌云密布的e.g. The sky was dark and threatening.天空乌云密布，阴沉沉的.threateningly adv.e.g. he glared at her threateningly.他气势汹汹地瞪着她。
3. The officer had been sceptical about their story, bu t as he had no proof that the couple’s story was false, he had simply written a report and saved it in the police computer.这个警官从一开始就怀疑他们所说的情况，可是他没有证据表明这两人说的是假话，他只能将情况写成报告存在警方的电脑档案里。
(P13 para5)这是一个并列复合句，由but连接前后两个句子，在but后as he had no proof…是后一句的原因状语从句。
that the couple's story was false是proof的同位语从句。
同位语从句通常由that引导，用于表示前面名词的内容，对其加以解释、说明或补充。
that在此仅起连接引导作用，在从句中并不担任语法成分。
如：Have you got any proof that you own this car? 你有证据证明这车是你的吗？Researchers in America have found proof that non-smokers can develop cancer by working in smoky rooms.美国的研究人员已经找到证据，表明不吸烟的人在有人抽烟的房间里工作可能会患癌症。
同位语从句与定语从句是有区别的，下面句子里that引导的是定语从句，它在从句中担任宾语：What's the proof that you want? 你想要什么证据？evidence与proof的意思与用法差不多。
如：The police did not have enough evidence to charge him with the murders.警方没有足够的证据指控他犯了谋杀罪。
Detectives have found evidence of a violent struggle at the victim's house.侦探们已经找到证据，表明在被害者家里曾经有过激烈争斗。
There was some evidence that his story was false.有证据表明他的故事是虚构的。
Sceptical adj.美国人常写成skeptical, 后面经常接of或about,表示怀疑的内容。
sceptical about/of sth 怀疑某事e.g. I am sceptical about his chances of winning.我怀疑他取胜的可能性。
The public remain sceptical of these claims.公众对这些说法仍持怀疑的态度。
She looked highly sceptical.她一脸深表怀疑的神色。
Everyone says our team will win, but I'm skeptical about it。
尽管人人都说我们队会赢，但我还是怀疑。
The more we read about the causes of that fire, the more sceptical we became.我们对有关导致火灾原因的材料看得越多，我们就越怀疑。
4. However, after taking his hair and blood samples for DNA testing, the police told him about the blood stains and the fingerprint on the car keys matched his, and he confessed.但是，当警察把他的头发和血样进行了基因检测以后，并把有关血迹的事告诉他，而且车钥匙上的指纹和他的指纹相同时，他才认罪了。