词法 ②

Exercises1. -----Oh, so many people in the park?-----Nobody likes to stay at home _____ Sunday morning.2. Shanghai Disneyland has started to be built and it will be open _____ five years.3. -----Your coat looks very nice. What’s it made_____?-----Cotton, and it is made _____ Wuhan.4. Bonnie looks very smart and is always _____ pink because pink is her favorite color.5. I like flowers. I hope to study at a school _____ many flowers and trees in it.6. I wrote _____ my brother last Saturday, but I haven’t heard _____ him up to now.7. Mary heard somebody call her, so she turned _____ to see who it was.8. She had to sell the house even though it was _____ her own wishes.9. Education is one of the key words _____ our time.10. We mustn’t be too strict _____ young people, nor can we let them do whatever they like.11. They use chopsticks _____ place of knives and forks at meals.12. There was not an empty seat anywhere in the concert hall _____ last Thursday’s event.13. I’d like to take a photo _____ these beautiful flowers.14. The Eiffel Tower is the tallest building _____ Paris.15. An artist went to a beautiful part of the country for a holiday and stayed _____ a farmer.16. A serious study of physics is impossible _____ some knowledge of mathematics.17. I have an appointment _____ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.18. The Smiths are praised _____ the way they bring up their children.19. Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library _____ a book about it.20. I know nothing about his career _____ that he is a graduate of Oxford University.21. We are for peace and _____ war.22. She told me that she has two other cars _____ the one she drives to work.23. It is high time we found a solution _____ the problem.24. When you sleep in the open, old newspapers can serve _____ a blanket.25. I spent a lot time in the early Eighties travelling _____ London and Paris.介词●根据形式分：简单介词（in, on, for等）合成介词（inside, without等）双重介词（from behind, from among等）动词-ing形式的介词（including, regarding等）短语介词（in front of, out of等）●根据意义分：表示时间、场所、方向等的介词①表示时间的介词：after, before, around, at, in, on, by, till/until②表示场所、方向的介词：across, along, at, in, on, above, under/below, beside,behind, before/in front of, between, among③其他介词：about, from, with, of, to, as, for, besides, except一、表示时间的介词：1. in / on / at2. by / untilby 表示“在……之前，截止到……”，表示到什么时候动作已经完成。

（Can you repair my bike by Friday?）until 表示“直到……为止”，表示动作持续到什么时候（You can stay on the bus until London.）在终止性动词（短暂性动词：open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, join, borrow, lend, buy, arrive, reach, start, marry, end）的否定式中，二者可互用(We didn’t begin to watch TV until / by 9:00 / The work won’t be finished by / until tomorrow)3. in / afterin：从现在算起的一段时间以后，通常用于将来时或含有将来意义的句子（I’ll come back in three days / I think he can come back in three days）after：表示以过去时间为起点的一段时间以后，通常与过去时连用（He came back after three days）after 除与时间段连用外，还可与时间点连用，此时可用于将来时（in不能与时间点连用）He will arrive after five o’clock.after可以与某些表示活动的名词连用，表示“在……之后”（after school, after class.）二、表示场所，方位的介词1. at / inat：表示“在某地（较狭窄的场所），小地方”at home, at a factory, at schoolin：表示“在某地（较宽敞的场所），大地方”in Beijing, in the world2. on / above / over / under / below3. along / across / past / throughalong：沿着——along the riveracross：表示“横穿（平面）”——across the riverpast：表示“经过”——past the city hallthrough：表示“通过（空间）——through the city4. on / in / toon：表示“与……毗邻，接壤”，强调和表面接触。

Shandong is on the east of Hebei.in：表示“在……范围内”，“在……之中”Beijing is in the east of China.to：表示方位，不接壤Taiwan is in south of China.三、其他介词1. with：表示“用某种具体工具或方法”（With a knife, with a pencil）2. in：表示“用某种材料（如墨水等），用某种语言”，或表示“衣着、声调特点”等（in ink, in pencil, in white）3. by：表示“通过……方法、手段（多为交通方式）（by bicycle）4. besides / except / except forbesides：表示包括后面所提的人或物在内的“除……之外（还有……）”= as well as （Thirty students went to the cinema besides him）except：表示“除……之外”不包括，表示同类之间的关系（His classmates are all sixteen years old except Jim.）except：表示“除……之外”不包括，表示不同类的关系（The article is good except for a few mistake.）四、介词短语have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会、预约of great value / help / importance = very valuable / helpful / important 很有价值、帮助、重要in the meanwhile 同时in the way / in sb’s way 妨碍on behalf of 代表with regard to 关于by chance 偶然in time 迟早build up 增多take over 接收，接管，接任get over 克服feed on 以……为食set aside 留出wear out 穿烂，用坏cut down 削减，缩短for life 一生，钟声across the shoulders 肩宽on the contrary 相反地set about doing sth 开始做某事set out to do sth 开始做某事see to 处理，照管in return 作为回报，作为报答return to 重新利用bring down 降低（价格等）go over 自习检查/查阅，复习in favor of 支持in detail 详细地come across 发现，碰到in the past couple of weeks 在过去的两周里above average 高于平均水平below average 低于平均水平on average 按平均计算in color 以彩色的形式呈现in spite of 尽管a solution to………的解决方法key / answer to the question 问题的答案是……serve as 当做be made into 被制成be divided into 被分成be translated into 被翻译成get into the habit of doing sth 养成做某事的习惯break down 出故障for lack of 因为缺乏……warn sb. against doing sth.= warn sb. not to do sth 警告某人不要做某事response to the accident 事故的责任是……path / road to success 成功的道路是……judge…by…根据……来判断……off the point 不切题，离题。