定语从句
（完整版）定语从句详解+例句
Attributive Clause定语从句一、定义定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。
换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
1关系代词：在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分2关系副词：在定语从句中担任状语成分关系词3个功能：1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）；2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）；3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语的是： who, that, which, as宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as定语的是： whose, which先行词是人时，关系代词是：who, whom, that, as先行词是物时，关系代词是：which, that, whose, as关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。
先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由which引导。
唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(完整版)定语从句归纳
定语从句（the attributive clause ）一．什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。
二．定语从句的结构及种类1. 结构：关系词 +主语+谓语+其它2. 种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三．关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词： who ，whom, whose, that ,which, as2.关系副词： when ，where ，why四．关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。
五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。
六．关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who 。
The boy who is standingover there is Tom.He who doesn ’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选w h o m.This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.3.whose①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose. This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.4.that①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a machine that can walk.②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that 可以省略。
I like the present (that) my father sent me.③当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoThe boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.5.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which ，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that6.下列情况下，关系词只能选用that①当先行词为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything 时Is there anything that I can do for you?②当先行词为不定代词all 时Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.③ 当先行词被 all, some, any 修饰时These are all the things that I have done today.④当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.⑤ 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时This is the cleaning room that you can see here.⑥time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last 修饰时This is the last time that I ’ll give y oupocket m o n e y.⑦ 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。
定语从句详解(很全)
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as。
关系副词有：when,where,why,how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。
当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一、定语从句的翻译许多英语初学者往往弄不明白为什么引导定语从句的关系词which不能译为“哪一个”，who不能译为“谁”，when不能译为“什么时候”，where不能译为“什么地方”，等等。
首先，我们必须要明白一点，那就是引导定语从句的which,who,when,where,why等是关系词（关系代词或关系副词），而不是疑问词，所以不能按疑问词的意思来理解。
前面我们讲到，英语中的定语从句总是后置的，即要放在被修饰名词或代词之后；但在汉语中，定语通常是前置的，也就是说定语要放在被修饰名词的前面，并通常表现为“……的”这样的形式。
当我们翻译英语中定语从句的时候，一般可以按汉语习惯，将定语从句翻译在被修饰的名词或代词之前，而其中的关系词一般就是译成汉语中的“……的”。
如：He showed me the article that he had written.他把他写的文章拿给我看。
句中的that he had written为修饰名词the article的定语从句，翻译时就可译为“他写的文章”，其中的关系代词that在此译成了“的”字。
She was not in the train which arrived just now.她不在刚到的那列火车上。
定语从句的用法
定语从句的用法一、定语从句1、定义定语从句（Attributive Clause）是一个附加于名词或代词之上的句子，它用来形容前面的名词或代词。
它的作用是限定或说明某个名词或代词所指的人或事物，是一种非常重要的句子结构。
2、关系词在定语从句中，关系词（Relative Pronoun）的作用是连接主句和定语从句，并将定语从句中的成分与主句中的某个成分联系起来。
一般而言，我们常用关系代词who, whom, whose, which和that来引出定语从句。
关系代词who 指人whom 指人whose 指人或物which 指物that 指人、物或事3、定语从句的构成（1）定语从句通常由关系代词在定语从句中引出关系，并在从句中担任某一成份的角色；（2）定语从句的谓语动词也可由一些连接词（link verb）连接，如be, feel, look, seem, smell, taste, remain，常用于定语从句中；（3）定语从句中如果省略结构，就不能用who/whom来引导定语从句；（4）定语从句中由关系副词引导而不是关系代词。
4、定语从句的用法（1）定语从句可以用来限定、修饰某个名词或代词，例如：The movie《Titanic》, which was released in1997, is still popular today.（《泰坦尼克号》，1997年上映，至今仍颇受欢迎。
）（2）定语从句可以用来替代某个句子中的某个成分，如：My sister, who lives in Beijing, is a doctor.（我在北京居住的姐姐是一位医生。
）（3）定语从句可以用来表示地点，例如：She lives in a small village where there are few people.（她住在一个人很少的小村庄里。
）（4）定语从句可以用来表示时间，例如：He was born in 1992 when the economy began to boom.（他出生在1992年，那时经济开始繁荣。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
(完整版)定语从句讲解
1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二 关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾 语、状语等）。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ，who ，whom ，whose ，which;关系副词有 when ，where ，why 等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。
who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。
在现代英语里，有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。
作 宾语的关系代词who ，whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。
She was the one who did most of the talking 。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
（作宾语，whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom 前面时，不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。
定语从句_语法知识归纳
定语从句语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
一．关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
如下表：例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）①Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
英语定语从句
定语从句先行词指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词。
一般出现在定语从句的前面关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
作宾语时可省略。
I have an apple which is red. This is the place that(which) we visited last time.I have an apple that is green. He is still the boy that he was ten years ago.主句为完整的句子时大多用关系副词，WHEN WHERE WHY主句不完整时用关系代词代指人的有 who whom that代指物的有 which that 表…………的时用 whose1、who, which, that限定性定语从句中的关系代词可理解为必要从句。
The first English book that I read was "The Prince and the Pauper" by Mark Twain. 我读的第一本书是马克·吐温写的《王子与贫儿》。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时;He talked about the teachers and school that he visited. 他在讲他以前访问过的学校和老师。
(5)当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that;Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 那个站在门口的人是谁?(6)关系代词在从句中作表语时;He is not the man that he used to be. 他以前不是这样的人。
注:which在定语从句中指物，可作主语、及物动词或介词的宾语，作宾语时可省略;that在定语从句中既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
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1．This is the only one of the students _____ the truth．A．that knows B．that know C．who know D．which knows2．Do you know the girl _____?A．whom he often talk to B．to who he often talksC．to that he often talks D．he often talks to3．The world _____ we live is made up of matter．A．on which B．of which C．at which D．in which4．There are no children _____ love their parents．A．that do not B．who does not C．that D．who5．I’m one of the boys _____ never late for school．A．that is B．who are C．who am D．who is6．Abraham Lincoln，_____ led the United States _____ these years，was _____ of the greatest presidents．A．he；for；a B．whom；in；oneC．who；at；one D．who；through；one7．Who is the girl _____ wearing a red dress?A．whose B．that C．whom D．that’s8．The old man _____ yesterday is a scientist．A．I spoke B．I spoke toC．whom I spoke D．that I spoke to him9．The young man _____ is an engineer of our factory．A．that you just talked B．whom you just talked toC．which you just talked to D．who you just talked10．The dictionary _____ is sold out in the bookshop．A．you need B．what you needC．which you need it D．that you need it11．Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?A．which B．where C．in which D．what12．Qingdao is the most satisfactory place _____ we’re going to visit．A．which B．where C．that D．in which13．The magazine _____ Betty paid one dollar was very good．A．that B．which C．for which D．to which14．The two things _____ they felt very proud were Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair．A．about which B．of which C．in which D．for which15．He was the man _____ Master of Game was translated．A．by whom B．by who C．by whose D．by him16．This is the factory _____ we visited last week．A．which B．where C．who D．in which17．Is this school _____ we are going to visit tomorrow?A．which B．that C．where D．the one18．Ahead of me I saw a woman _____ I thought was my aunt．A．who B．whom C．of whom D．whose19．This is the key _____．A．which you are looking for B．for which you are lookingC．for that you are looking D．you are looking for which20．The woman _____ is his mother．A．of whom he takes care B．of that he takes careC．he takes care of D．whom he takes care21．He reached London in 1994，_____，some time later，he became a famous actor．A．when B．where C．which D．who22．Such things _____ you described are rare now．A．as B．who C．which D．that23．In those days，he would go to Mr．Black and his family，_____．A．where he was treated as part of themB．for whom it was kindC．with whom he had a wonderful timeD．that was the most pleasant part of his life24．Which sentence is wrong?A．The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth．B．Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform?C．Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land．D．People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth．25．The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945．A．when B．during that C．in which D．which26．He was born in the year _____ the Anti－Japanese War broke out．A．which B．when C．on which D．during which27．We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou，_____ live my grandparents and some relatives．A．which B．that C．who D．where28．Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?A．which B．what C．why D．for that29．Some of the roads were flooded，_____ made our journey more difficult．A．which B．it C．what D．that30．He must be from Africa，_____ can be seen from his skin．A．that B．as C．who D．what31．Mr．Wu，_____ everybody likes，is going to give us a talk on chemistry．A．whom B．that C．which D．/32．The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight，_____ he had been dreaming of for years．A．that；which B．where；thatC．in which；what D．where；which33．He has to work on Sundays，_____ he does not like．A．and which B．which C．and when D．when34．Is there a restaurant around _____ I can have something to eat?A．when B．that C．where D．which35．As many members _____ were present agreed to the plan．A．who B．that C．which D．as答案及解析：1．选A。
the only one of the students是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。
2．选D。
关系代词为whom或者that，在从句中作介词宾语，可以省略。
3．选D。
介词in与live搭配，提到关系代词之前。
4．选A。
children是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数。
5．选B。
boys是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数。
6．选D。
who引导非限制性定语从句；through表示“经过”。
7．选D。
that’s是定语从句的主语和谓语动词。
8．选B。
关系代词为whom或者that，在从句中作介词to的宾语，可以省略。
9．选B。
关系代词作介词宾语，介词不可省略。
10．选A。
关系代词为that或者which，在从句中作宾语，可以省略。
11．选A。
先行词是shop，关系代词在从句中作主语。
12．选C。
当先行词被形容词最高级修饰的时候，定语从句用that引导。
13．选C。
介词for与paid搭配，提到关系代词之前。