zeta potential测试粒度
Zeta-APS如何测量Zeta电位和粒度分布？
Zeta-APS如何测量Zeta电位和粒度分布？How does the Zeta-APS measure particle size distributions?Zeta-APS如何测量粒度分布？The Zeta-APS accurately measures acoustic attenuation (dB/cm) vs. frequency of sound (1 to 100 MHz) of colloidal dispersions. These measurements are commonly referred to as Acoustic Attenuation Spectroscopy. The Zeta-APS also simultaneously measures speed of sound vs. frequency, percent solids, pH, conductivity, and temperature. The attenuation level, as well as, the shape of the acoustic attenuation curve shape is related to the particle size distribution (PSD). PSD’s are calculated from the acoustic attenuation data using software developed and patented by Lucent Technologies. This Lucent Technologies software is based on the Epstein and Carhart (later refined by Allegra and Hawley) theory of acoustic attenuation.Zeta-APS准确测量了胶体分散体的声衰减（dB/cm）与频率（1-100MHz）的关系。
zeta电位纳米粒度 浓度 -回复
zeta电位纳米粒度浓度-回复什么是Zeta电位？Zeta电位是表征分散体系稳定性的重要参数之一。
它衡量了分散体系中带电颗粒与周围溶剂或分散介质之间的电荷分离程度。
也就是说，它指示了颗粒表面电荷与溶质表面电位之间的力平衡。
导致这种电分离的原因是带电颗粒在溶液中的运动和周围分子的碰撞。
具体来说，带有负电荷的颗粒会吸引正电荷的离子和溶剂分子，而带有正电荷的颗粒则会吸引带有负电荷的离子和溶剂分子，从而导致带电颗粒周围的电荷分离。
在分散体系中，Zeta电位的值可以决定分散体系的稳定性。
如果颗粒表面带有一定的电荷，它们会相互排斥，保持一定的距离，从而使体系更加稳定。
相反，如果颗粒表面的电荷很弱或者为零，颗粒之间会发生静电吸引力，导致颗粒聚集并沉降，从而使体系不稳定。
因此，Zeta电位的测量可以反映颗粒对溶剂或分散介质的亲和性和稳定性。
如何测量Zeta电位？测量Zeta电位是通过Zeta电位仪进行的。
这是一种将外加电场和动态光散射技术结合起来，用来确定溶液中分散体系Zeta电位的仪器。
在测量中，外加电场会引起带电颗粒的移动，而动态光散射技术则可以测量颗粒的动态行为。
具体地说，测量Zeta电位的仪器中包括一个装置，可以在溶液中施加稳定的电场。
这个电场会导致带电颗粒运动并产生速度。
同时，仪器中的激光器会照射到带电颗粒上，并测量颗粒的散射光的动力学特性。
通过对散射光的特性进行分析，可以确定颗粒的速度和位置，并计算出Zeta电位的值。
Zeta电位与纳米粒度的关系如何？纳米粒子是具有纳米尺寸的颗粒，其尺寸通常为1到100纳米。
与传统微粒相比，纳米颗粒具有较大的比例表面积和较高的表面电荷密度，因此它们在分散体系中的行为更为复杂。
纳米颗粒的小尺寸可以导致在液体中呈现出不同的电性和交互作用行为。
具体来说，纳米颗粒表面的电荷分离和电化学行为与宏观颗粒存在一定的差异。
纳米颗粒的高比例表面积使得带电颗粒之间的电荷相互作用更加显著，导致纳米颗粒在液体中更容易形成聚集体。
马尔文仪器(中国) ZS90 纳米粒度和Zeta电位及分子量分析仪 说明书
融合多项专利技术 挑战颗粒表征极限持续革新与优化 再创全球纳米分析新标准新一代纳米粒度和Zeta 电位及分子量分析仪颗粒大小及其分布 – 动态光散射Zeta 电位及其分布 – 激光多普勒电泳+PALS+M3---90º光散射技术·经典光散射角度，配合顶尖检测器APD ，成就极高灵敏度和信噪比的光散射仪Zetasizer nano ZS90·独特光学配置能在宽范围内完成高准确度和重复性的粒径检测·完全符合ISO 13321国际标准---新一代高速数字相关器·提供世界上最宽的动态测量范围---光路·独有的混合模式光纤技术的应用，极大程度减少光传输损耗, 提高信噪比动态光散射原理动态光散射检测由于颗粒布朗运动而产生的散射光的波动随时间的变化。
检测器将散射光信号转化为电流信号，再通过数字相关器的运算处理，得到颗粒在溶液中扩散的速度信息，即扩散系数。
通过Stockes-Einstein 方程可以得到粒径大小及其分布。
适用体系：所有能够稳定存在于溶液中作布朗运动的颗粒。
典型体系包括：乳液，有机/无机颗粒，自然/合成高分子溶液，表面活性剂，病毒，蛋白质样品等等。
应用领域：生物，医药，纳米技术，涂层，化妆品领域，化工领域等等。
领先的专利技术,挑战颗粒表征极限-- 90º和12.8 º双角度模式检测散射光·经典的90º光散射，符合ISO 13321，配合高灵敏度APD检测器及混合模式光纤技术，灵敏度比其它90º仪器高出近十倍，能测量粒径小于1纳米的样品，如右图硫胺素的结果·13º下检测,能分辨微量稳定存在的大颗粒·双角度同时检测，得到Malvern独有的缔合度参数--高性能He-Ne激光器,提供更高的信噪比·单色性高，发散性小，相干性好，单位面积功率高·软件自动控制激光能量，带来3.3x105倍的调整范围·较低的能量避免对有色样品加热及破坏颗粒的布朗运动-- APD检测器,灵敏度无出其右·雪崩式光电二极管(APD), 对光强极端敏感·超晶格结构及尖端工艺的应用，极大地降低了暗电流·软硬件结合的自动控制，检测信号完全在APD的线性范围内--标准配置研究级高速数字相关器·拥有超过4000通道·线性范围 >1011·25 ns – 8000s 的超宽动态采样时间，将指数分布与线性分布完美结合，完全收集小粒子和大粒子的动态信息。
zeta电位粒度要求
zeta电位粒度要求英文回答：Zeta Potential and Particle Size Requirements.Zeta potential is a key parameter in understanding the behavior of colloidal particles in suspension. It is a measure of the electrostatic potential at the particle surface, and it can be used to predict the stability of the suspension. The zeta potential can be affected by a number of factors, including the pH of the suspension, the presence of ions, and the type of particle surface.In general, a higher zeta potential will result in a more stable suspension. This is because the electrostatic repulsion between particles will prevent them from aggregating. However, if the zeta potential is too high, the particles will become unstable and will start to precipitate out of solution.The optimal zeta potential for a suspension will depend on the specific application. For example, in the case of pharmaceutical suspensions, a zeta potential of around -30 mV is typically desired. This value provides sufficient electrostatic repulsion to prevent aggregation, while also being low enough to avoid precipitation.The particle size is another important factor to consider when formulating a suspension. The particle size will affect the stability of the suspension, as well as its physical properties. For example, smaller particles will be more likely to aggregate than larger particles. They will also be more difficult to filter or separate from solution.The optimal particle size for a suspension will again depend on the specific application. For example, in the case of injectable suspensions, a particle size of less than 5 microns is typically desired. This value ensuresthat the particles can be easily injected through a needle, while also being small enough to avoid embolization.中文回答：zeta电位和粒度要求。
超声法和激光法测量粒度和Zeta电位的比较
粒度与zeta电位表征进展及超声／电声分析技术在润滑油粒度及电位测量中得优势杨正红(美国康塔仪器公司北京代表处)微粒物料就是粒径在20－30微米以下,具有一些特殊得功能或作用得超细粉体。
１微米以下得纳米材料所表现得特性及应用已引起了前所未有得关注。
粉体颗粒粒度得表征就是这些超细粉体技术应用得基础与关键。
粉体颗粒粒度就是产品得主要质量指标,它可用来预测产品稳定性、功能特性、颜料覆盖能力及进行终产品质控,也就是选择分离过滤设备等得依据、粉体颗粒粒度得表征手段以及分析仪器得选择对产品开发,原料与添加剂质控都就是至关重要得、润滑油及其添加剂得分散稳定性润滑油就是由润滑剂与添加剂组成得,在润滑剂加入中得一种或几种化合物(添加剂),以使其产生某种新得特性或改善润滑剂中已有得一些特性。
添加剂按功能分主要有抗氧化剂、抗磨剂、摩擦改善剂(又名油性剂)、极压添加剂、清净剂、分散剂、泡沫抑制剂、防腐防锈剂、流点改善剂、粘度指数增进剂等类型、润滑油得清净分散性添加剂对润滑油有着极其重要得意义、其一就是润滑油能将其氧化后生成得胶状物、积炭等不溶物或悬浮在油中,形成稳定得胶体状态而不易沉积在部件上; 其二就是将已沉积在发动机部件上得胶状物、积炭等,通过润滑油洗涤作用于洗涤下来。
清净分散剂就是一种具有表面活性得物质,它能吸附油中得固体颗粒污染物,并使污染物悬浮于油得表面,以确保参加润滑循环得油就是清净得,以减少高温与漆膜得形成。
分散剂则能将低温油泥分散于油中,以便在润滑油循环中将其滤掉、清净分散添加剂就是它们得总称,它同时还具有洗涤、抗氧化及防腐等功能。
因此,也称其为多效添加剂。
从一定意义上说,润滑油质量得高低, 主要区别在抵抗高、低温沉积物与漆膜形成得性能上,也可以说表现在润滑油内清净分散剂得性能及加入量上,可见清净分散剂对润滑油质量具有重要影响。
纳米润滑油添加剂1.固体纳米金刚石作为减摩抗磨添加剂作用机理:纳米金刚石颗粒得一次粒径为7～10 nm,与大尺寸得块体金刚石相比较,有许多不同得特点,它就是碳液滴“骤冷”结晶生成得,与静高压缓慢生长得金刚石相比有很多特别得性质、纳米金刚石作为一种无毒无害得新型润滑材料已经受到有关研究单位与企业得关注,然而由于其价格及应用技术等因素得限制,人们对它得认识还需要一个过程。
激光粒度仪测zeta电位原理
激光粒度仪测zeta电位原理English:The principle of measuring zeta potential with a laser particle size analyzer involves the application of the electrophoretic movement of charged particles in a solution under an applied electric field. When a sample is placed in the measurement cell of the instrument, the electric field is applied, causing the charged particles to migrate towards the oppositely charged electrode. As the particles move, they create a voltage gradient, which is then measured by the instrument. This measurement allows for the determination of the zeta potential, which is a measure of the electrokinetic potential at the slipping plane of a particle. The zeta potential provides important information about the stability and behavior of colloidal dispersions, as well as the interaction between particles in a solution.Translated content:使用激光粒度仪测量zeta电位的原理涉及在施加电场下溶液中带电粒子的电泳运动。
Zeta电位及粒度分析仪使用操作规程
Zeta电位及粒度分析仪使用操作规程预览说明:预览图片所展示的格式为文档的源格式展示,下载源文件没有水印,内容可编辑和复制ZetaPALS型Zeta电位及粒度分析仪使用操作规程—美国Brookhaven公司粒度测定：1 打开仪器后面的开关及显示器。
2 打开BIC Particle Sizing Software程序，选择所要保存数据的文件夹（File—Datebase—Create Fold新建文件夹；File—Datebase—双击所选文件夹—数据可自动保存在此文件夹），待机器稳定15~20分钟左右后使用。
3 待测溶液经过离心或过滤处理后，将待测溶液加入比色皿（水相用塑料，有机相用玻璃）中，盖上比色皿盖，插入样品槽，关上黑色盖子和仪器外盖。
4 点程序界面parameters，对测量的参数进行设置：Sample ID 输入样品名；Runs扫描遍数；T emp.设置温度(5-70℃)；Liquid选择溶剂（Unspecified是未知液，可输入Viscosity 和Ref.Index值，可以查文献，其中Ref.Index可由阿贝折射仪测得）；Angle在90°不能改；Run Duration是扫描时间，一般2min，观察程序界面左上角Count Rate如小于20Kcps，则延长测量时间（5min或更长）。
5 Start开始测量。
6 数据分析：程序界面左上角Effective Diameter是直径，Polydispersity是多分散系数（<0.02是单分散体系，0.02-0.08是窄分布体系，>0.08是宽分布体系），Avg. Count Rate是光强；右上角Lognomal可得到对数图，MSD是多分布宽度，Corr.Funct.是相关曲线图（非常重要，数据可信度参考相关曲线图，测量基线要回归到计算基线上）；点击Zoom可选择Intensity、Volume、Surface Area和Number，一般是选择Intensity；点击Lognomal Summary—Copy for Spreadsheet可拷贝数据，点击Copy to Cliboard可将图拷贝到写字板。
Zeta电位及粒度分析仪使用操作规程
ZetaPALS型Zeta电位及粒度分析仪使用操作规程—美国Brookhaven公司粒度测定：1 打开仪器后面的开关及显示器。
2 打开BIC Particle Sizing Software程序，选择所要保存数据的文件夹（File—Datebase—Create Fold新建文件夹；File—Datebase—双击所选文件夹—数据可自动保存在此文件夹），待机器稳定15~20分钟左右后使用。
3 待测溶液经过离心或过滤处理后，将待测溶液加入比色皿（水相用塑料，有机相用玻璃）中，盖上比色皿盖，插入样品槽，关上黑色盖子和仪器外盖。
4 点程序界面parameters，对测量的参数进行设置：Sample ID 输入样品名；Runs扫描遍数；Temp.设置温度(5-70℃)；Liquid选择溶剂（Unspecified是未知液，可输入Viscosity 和Ref.Index值，可以查文献，其中Ref.Index可由阿贝折射仪测得）；Angle在90°不能改；Run Duration是扫描时间，一般2min，观察程序界面左上角Count Rate如小于20Kcps，则延长测量时间（5min或更长）。
5 Start开始测量。
6 数据分析：程序界面左上角Effective Diameter是直径，Polydispersity是多分散系数（<0.02是单分散体系，0.02-0.08是窄分布体系，>0.08是宽分布体系），Avg. Count Rate是光强；右上角Lognomal可得到对数图，MSD是多分布宽度，Corr.Funct.是相关曲线图（非常重要，数据可信度参考相关曲线图，测量基线要回归到计算基线上）；点击Zoom可选择Intensity、Volume、Surface Area和Number，一般是选择Intensity；点击Lognomal Summary—Copy for Spreadsheet可拷贝数据，点击Copy to Cliboard可将图拷贝到写字板。
zeta-potential名词解释
zeta-potential名词解释
Zeta-potential是一个在胶体和表面化学中使用的术语，用于描述颗粒表面的电荷特性。
它是测量颗粒与周围液体介质相互作用的重要参数。
当颗粒表面带有正电荷时，其Zeta-potential为正值。
当表面带有负电荷时，其Zeta-potential为负值。
Zeta-potential的数值大小与颗粒与溶液中其他离子的相互作用有关。
示例
一个典型的应用是在药学领域，研究纳米颗粒在生物体内的输送。
Zeta-potential 的大小可以影响纳米颗粒与血液、细胞等生物介质之间的相互作用和稳定性。
例如，纳米颗粒表面带有正电荷时，可以与负电荷的细胞膜吸引，从而实现精确的靶向输送。
而具有较低的Zeta-potential值的纳米颗粒，则可能会失去稳定性，容易团聚形成颗粒沉积。
zeta potential测试粒度
0.9000
0.8000
0.7000
Correlation Coefficient
0.6000
0.5
0.4000
0.3000
0.2000
0.1000
0 0.1000
10.
1000. Time (us)
1.e+5
1.e+7
1.e+9
DATA INTERPRETATION: CORRELOGRAMS
Raw Correlation Data 0.7000
1/K
The Speckle Pattern
Sample Cell Laser Incident Beam Axis
Speckle Pattern
Screen
Brownian Motion And Scattered Light
Consider 2 stationary particles
Two beams interfere and ‘cancel each other out’ resulting in a decreased intensity in the scattered light
τ
0
t
δt 2δt 3δt 4δt
∞
Time
How A Correlator Works
• If the particles are large, the signal will be changing slowly and the correlation will persist for a long time • If the particles are small and moving rapidly then the correlation will disappear more rapidly
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Hydrodynamic Diameter: Effect of Ionic Strength
1/K (Debye Length) is the thickness of the electrical double layer It is dependent upon the ionic strength of the medium Particle Diameter Hydrodynamic Diameter 1/K In low ionic strength media (eg DI water) the double layer is extended A latex standard diluted in DI water will give the wrong result (too high)
Large Particles
DATA INTERPRETATION: CORRELOGRAMS
Raw Correlation Data
Large particles Medium range polydispersity Presence of very large particles/ aggregates (baseline not flat)
0.9000
0.8000
0.7000
Correlation Coefficient
0.6000
0.5
0.4000
0.3000
0.2000
0.1000
0 0.1000
10.
1000. Time (us)
1.e+5
1.e+7
1.e+9
DATA INTERPRETATION: CORRELOGRAMS
Raw Correlation Data 0.7000
τ
0
t
δt 2δt 3δt 4δt
∞
Time
How A Correlator Works
• If the particles are large, the signal will be changing slowly and the correlation will persist for a long time • If the particles are small and moving rapidly then the correlation will disappear more rapidly
Brownian Motion
• Random movement of particles due to the bombardment by the solvent molecules that surround them
Brownian Motion
• Temperature must be accurately known because we need to know the viscosity • The temperature needs to be stable otherwise convection currents in the sample will cause non-random movements which will ruin correct size interpretation • The larger the particle the more slowly the Brownian motion will be • Higher the temperature the more rapid the Brownian motion will be • Velocity of the Brownian motion is defined by the translational diffusion coefficient (D)
Screen
Brownian Motion And Scattered Light
Two beams interfere and ‘enhance each other’ resulting in an increased intensity in the scattered light
Screen
Brownian Motion And Scattered Light
Consider many particles Screen
Many scattered beams interfere with one another resulting in a very complex intensity pattern of ‘speckles’
Typical Correlogram From Sample Containing Large Particles
Typical Correlogram From Sample Containing Small Particles
Combined Correlograms
Small Particles
Hydrodynamic Diameter
• The diameter which is measured in DLS is a value that refers to how a particle moves within a liquid • It is called the HYDRODYNAMIC DIAMETER • The diameter that is obtained is the diameter of a sphere that has the same translational diffusion coefficient as the particle
Hydrodynamic Diameter: Effect of Ionic Strength
1/K (Debye Length) is the thickness of the electrical double layer It is dependent upon the ionic strength of the medium Particle Diameter Hydrodynamic Diameter In high ionic strength media the double layer is suppressed Latex standards should be diluted in 10mM NaCl to suppress the double layer and hence give the correct result (ISO13321)
Intensity Fluctuations
Large Particles Intensity
Time Small Particles Intensity
Time
How A Correlator Works
G (τ ) = ∫ I (t ) I (t + τ )dt
0 ∞
Intensity
Delay Time
Optical Configuration Of The Nano
DLS and Brownian Motion
Dynamic Light Scattering or Photon Correlation Spectroscopy or Quasi-Elastic Light Scattering measures Brownian motion and relates it to size
Very small particles Medium range polydispersity No large particles/ aggregates present (flat baseline)
0.6000
0.5 Correlation Coefficient
0.4000
0.3000
0.2000
0.7000
0.6000
Correlation Coefficient
0.5
0.4000
0.3000
0.2000
0.1000
0 0.1000
10.
1000. Time (us)
1.e+5
1.e+7
1.e+9
The Cumulants Analysis
• ISO13321 states that a 3rd order fit of a polynomial should be used • Ln[G1] = a + bτ + cτ2 • The value of b = z-average diffusion coefficient • 2c/b2 = polydispersity index (the width of the distribution) • This method only gives a mean and a width and is only a good description for reasonably narrow monomodal samples • It is an INTENSITY mean size
Stokes-Einstein Equation
d(H) = kT 3πηD
where d(H) = hydrodynamic diameter k = Boltzmann’s constant T = absolute temperature η = viscosity D = diffusion coefficient
Intensity Fluctuations
• For a system of particles undergoing Brownian motion, a speckle pattern is observed where the position of each speckle is seen to be in constant motion • This is because the phase addition from the moving particles is constantly evolving and forming new patterns • The rate at which these intensity fluctuations occur will depend on the size of the particles