阅读训练4
高考英语 阅读理解训练题(4) (2)
落堕市安心阳光实验学校2014高考英语阅读理解训练题（4）附答案I don't ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it's like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics(天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as 3 post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn't want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don't study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women's college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer: 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don't dismiss those concerns. Still, I don't tell them "war" stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that's a sight worth talking about.9. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute(归因于) the author's failures to_____.A. the very fact that she is a womanB. her involvement in gender politicsC. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD. the burden she bears in a male-dominated society10. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C. People's stereotyped attitude towards female scientists.D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurture11. Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about herclass?A. Female students no longer have to worry about gender issues.B. Her students' performance has brought back her confidence.C. Her female students can do just as well as male students.D. More female students are pursuing science than before.12. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students needn't have the concerns of her generation.B. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.C. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.D. Women now have fewer discrimination problems about science career.（C篇）ACDC********************************************************结束社会生活类---[2012·上海卷](C)Researchers in the psychology department at the University ofCalifornia at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference inthe way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain whymen are more likely to suffer from stressrelated disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both menand women have the same “fightorflight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in thefightorflight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (“befriend”)．Scientists have long known that in the fightorflight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tendorbefriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stressrelated disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tendandbefriend regulatory (调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.72. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to ________.A. turn to friends for helpB. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from realityD. seek comfort from children73. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.74. What can be learned from the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How men and women get over stressB. How men and women suffer from stressC. How researchers overcome stress problemsD. How researchers h andle stressrelated disorders【要点综述】本文主要介绍男女对压力反应的区别和原因以及如何克服压力。
二年级上册语文阅读训练及答案(4篇)
二年级上册语文阅读训练及答案(4篇)小学二年级阅读训练及答案一、少年______小的时候很聪明。
有一天，他伯父笑着拿出一包礼物，挂在比___长高出许多的扁担上，对___说：“这礼物是给你的，但是，你不能把扁担横下来，也不能站在高处去拿。
”___眼珠一转，又有主意了。
他把扁担举到一口井边，然后把扁担从井口伸下去，轻而易举地从扁担上取下了礼物。
“真是个聪明的孩子。
伯父翘起了大拇指。
练一练1.在短文中找出和下面意思一样的词，写在括号里。
⑴容易（轻而易举）⑵方法（主意）2.伯父给___的一包礼物在什么地方？用“～～”画出有关内容。
伯父把礼物挂在高出___的扁担上。
3.伯父对___拿礼物有两个要求，一不能，二不能。
伯父要求___不能把扁担横下来，也不能站在高处去拿。
4.___眼珠一转，说明他在（思考）。
5.___是如何按伯父的要求拿到礼物的？用“－－”画出来。
___把扁担举到井边，然后把扁担从井口伸下去，轻而易举地从扁担上取下了礼物。
6.伯父夸___聪明是因为：（___爱动脑筋，按伯父的要求拿到了礼物。
）二、狐假狐威在茂密的森林里，有只老虎正在寻找食物。
一只狐狸从老虎身边窜过去，把狐狸逮住了。
狡猾的狐狸眼珠子骨碌一转，扯着嗓子对老虎说：“你敢吃我？”为什么不敢？”老虎一楞。
老天爷派我来管你们百兽，你吃了我，就是违搞了老天爷的命令，我看你有多大的胆子！”老虎被蒙住了，松开了爪子。
狐狸摇了摇尾巴，说：“我带你到百兽面前走一趟，让你看看我的威风。
”老虎跟着狐狸朝森林深处走去。
狐狸神气活现，摇头摆尾；老虎半信半疑，东张西望。
森林里的野猪啦，___啦，兔子啦，看见狐狸大摇大摆地走过来，跟往常很不一样，都很纳闷。
再往狐狸身后一年，呀，一只大老虎！小小的野兽吓得撒腿就跑。
老虎受骗了。
狡猾的狐狸是借着老虎的威风把百兽吓跑的。
练一练1.短文有2个自然段，标出小节号。
2.在短文中找出和下面意思相近的词写在括号里。
⑴怀疑（半信半疑）⑵奇怪（纳闷）3.在文中找出下面词的近义词，再读一读这些词，是不是有点熟悉？逃——（撒腿就跑）拉——（摇动）张——（东张西望）4.“狡猾的狐狸眼珠子骨碌一转”，“骨碌一转”表示狐狸在（思考）。
四年级上册语文期末阅读理解专项训练4
四年级上册期末课外阅读理解专项训练一．麻雀这是群精明的家伙。
它们贼头贼脑，似乎心眼儿极多，北方人称它们“老家贼”。
它们几千年来生活在人间，精明成了它们必备的本领。
你看，所有麻雀不都是这样吗？春去秋来的候鸟黄莺儿，每每经过城市就有一批成了人们晚间酒桌上的一碟新鲜的佳肴，麻雀却在人间活下来。
这种活在人间的鸟儿，长得细长精瘦，有一双显得过大的黑眼睛，目光却十分锐利。
由于时时提防人，它得处处盯着人的一举一动。
脑袋仿佛一刻不停地转动着，机警地左顾右盼。
它们每时每刻都在躲着人，不叫人接近它们，哪怕那个人并没看见它，它也赶忙逃掉。
它要在人间觅食，还要识破人们布下的种种圈套，诸如支起的箩筐，挂在树上的铁夹子，张在空间透明的网等等。
有时地上有一粒亮晶晶的米，它也只能用饥渴的日光远远地盯着它，却没有飞过去叼起米来的勇气。
它盯着、叫着，然后腾身而去——这是因为它看见了米粒旁边有东西在晃动，惹起它的疑心或警觉。
它们不像燕子那样，在屋檐下搭窝，而是筑巢在高楼的犄角；或者在光秃秃的山墙中间，脱落掉了两块砖的洞眼里。
这些巢儿总是离地很远，又高又险，人手是摸不到的。
它们不仅机警多疑，而且具有不可驯服性。
大多数鸟儿都习惯被人圈养在一方天地的笼中生活，用一身招徕人喜欢的羽翼，耍着花腔，换得温饱。
唯有麻雀甘心在风雨中，过着自由自在的日子。
它们可以飞来飞去，可以直上云端，可以掠过镜子一样的水面，还可以站在钻满绿芽的春树枝头抖一抖疲乏的翅膀。
它们从来不肯在镀银的鸟架上稍息片刻。
如果捉它一只，拴上绳子，它就要朝着明亮的窗子，一边叫，一边胡乱扑飞，飞累了，就倒垂下来，像一个秤砣，还张着嘴喘气。
第二天早上，它己经伸直腿，闭上眼睛死掉了。
它没有任何可驯服性，因此，它不是家禽。
1.作者围绕“麻雀的精明”，主要是从哪三个方面来写的？__________________________________2.根据短文内容填空。
“大多数鸟儿的生活”指的是_________，这种生活的特点是_________。
初中课外古诗文、文言文阅读训练(5篇)
初中文言文阅读训练4学校年级姓名一.古诗文阅读（25分）（一）忆钱塘江（5分）宋·李觏①昔年乘醉举归帆，隐隐山前日半衔。
好是满江涵②返照，水仙③齐著淡红衫。
【注释】①觏：读gòu。
②涵：包含。
③水仙：指水中女神。
这里喻指归帆。
1.这首诗描绘了黄昏（傍晚）时分的景色。
诗中“隐隐”照应了前句中的“醉”一词。
2.此诗想象奇特，比喻生动。
请描绘三、四两句所展现的画面。
（3分）最迷人的是夕阳返照江面，江水一片红光。
水面上，点点白帆也泛着淡红光芒，在夕阳的辉映下，宛如一群穿着淡红衣衫的水仙，凌波微步，美艳动人。
（二）愚公移山（节选）（10分）北山愚公者，年且九十，面山而居。
惩山北之塞，出入之迂也。
聚室而谋曰：“吾与汝毕力平险，指通豫南，达于汉阴，可乎？”杂然相许。
其妻献疑曰：“以君之力，曾不能损魁父之丘，如太行、王屋何？且焉置土石？”杂曰：“投诸渤海之尾，隐土之北。
”遂率子孙荷担者三夫，叩石垦壤，箕畚运于渤海之尾。
邻人京城氏之孀妻有遗男，始龀，跳往助之。
寒暑易节，始一反焉。
3．解释下列句子中加点的词。
（3分）（1）指通豫南，达于汉阴．水的南岸（2）曾不能损．魁父之丘削减（3）寒暑易．节，始一反焉交换4.下列兔子中加点词意义相同的一项是（D）（2分）A. 年且．九十存者且．偷生B. 且焉．置土石始一反焉．C. 杂然．相许吴广以为然．D. 以．君之力固国不以．山溪之险5.用现代汉语下面句子的意思。
（2分）叩石垦壤，箕畚运于渤海之尾。
（他们）凿石头，挖土，用箕畚（装土石）运到渤海边上。
6.实现中国梦，任重而道远。
从选文中愚公的身上，我们可以汲取哪些精神营养？（3分）敢想敢干（不安于现状）；团结合作（广泛依靠群众）；有坚忍不拔的毅力；脚踏实地的实干精神；做事不畏艰险。
（三）钱镠liú（12分）钱镠，临安石鉴乡人。
唐僖宗时，平浙寇王仙芝，拒黄巢，灭董昌，积功自显。
梁开平元年，封镠为吴越王。
三年级 阅读训练3-4
【第三单元】9.古诗三首端午[唐]文秀节分端午自谁言，万古传闻为屈原。
堪笑楚江空渺渺，不能洗得直臣冤。
注释：①自：自从。
②屈原：中国最早的浪漫主义诗人、战国时期楚国政治家。
楚国被攻破以后，屈原愤而抱石投汨罗江自尽，感动天下百姓。
相传端午节习俗就是源自对屈原的纪念。
③楚江：楚国境内的江河，此处指汨罗江。
1.从前两句诗可知，端午节传说是为了纪念爱国诗人_______而设立的。
2.“不能洗得直臣冤”中的“直臣”指的是（）。
A.诗人自己B.屈原C.奸臣D.朝廷中的大臣3.“堪笑楚江空渺渺，不能洗得直臣冤。
”选出对这两句诗理解正确的一项。
（）A.悼念屈原的人都是正义之臣，但他们还是不能将他的冤屈洗刷干净。
B.如果后人不去悼念、祭祀屈原，又怎么能够将正直之臣的冤屈洗刷干净呢？C.尽管后人百般歌颂、急死，像屈原投江这样的悲剧还是发生了，如此冤屈是不能简单地洗刷干净的。
D.后人百般歌颂、祭祀，像屈原投江这样的悲剧总算能洗刷干净了。
4.判断下列说法是否正确。
对的打“√”，错的打“×”。
（1）这首诗写的是端午节这天人们吃粽子、赛龙舟的习俗。
（）（2）这首诗的目的是向我们介绍端午节的由来。
（）（3）这首诗不仅表达了对屈原的同情，还对哪些昏君奸臣进行了抨击和鞭挞。
（）5.你知道每逢端午节的时候，我国民间有哪些习俗吗？写一写。
10.纸的发明指南针的发明指南针是我国古代劳动人民的四大发明之一。
它和造纸术、印刷术、火药一样，是中华民族对世界文明作出的重大贡献。
我国最早使用的指向工具是战国时期的司南。
古人很早就发现了天然的磁铁矿。
人们将整块的天然磁铁打磨成勺子的形状，勺子的柄总是指向南方。
司南做好以后，还需要一个光滑的底盘。
司南的底盘是用青铜做的，有的是个涂漆的木盘。
青铜和漆器都比较光滑，摩擦的阻力比较小，司南转动起来很灵活。
这种底盘内圆外方，四周还刻有表示方位的格线和文字。
现在的出土文物中，就有这样的铜盘和涂漆的木盘。
江苏高三拔高英语阅读理解训练4篇附答案
江苏高三拔高英语阅读理解训练4篇拔高阅读训练1 ______________________________________________________________________ 1拔高阅读训练2 ______________________________________________________________________ 3拔高阅读训练3 ______________________________________________________________________ 4拔高阅读训练4 ______________________________________________________________________ 51.答案与解析 ________________________________________________________________________ 72.答案与解析 ________________________________________________________________________ 73.答案与解析 ________________________________________________________________________ 84.答案与解析 ________________________________________________________________________ 9拔高阅读训练1With so many investments required of us to succeed - time, resources, talents, responsibilities, even finances for our retirement - it’s easy to lose sight of the most difficult investment of all to commit to : ourselves.Getting to the point where you’re ready to start upgrading to you 2.0 isn’t easy. But it doesn’t mean dropping the ball everywhere else. It’s not about omissions, but admissions. Come clean with yourself to kick-start your personal growth.Unstuck starts with “u”No one purposely chooses to stop learning and growing again, it just kind of happens in a lot of daily responsibilities and life. And if it were easy to just kick it into gear（档位）again, you would have already done it. But the truth is inescapable. If ou want to get off that place to higher ground, it’s up to you and only you. No one will just hand you a steady stream of opportunities for growth.You’ve been working in your life, not on itActivity is often confused with acceleration（忙碌）. I was guilty of this for years in working place - staying always busy but not admitting I was bored. I was lost in activity and not steeping back to take time to question what I wanted my life to be. Once I began working on my life - quitting corporate, becoming an entrepreneur, restructuring to my life - I started growing once again. And I’ve never been happier.Things aren’t happening to you, they’re happening for youA victim mentality（心态）is the enemy of personal growth. Lamenting over everything that has gone wrong in your life only wastes energy from working to make more things go right. If youwant to kick-start growth, you must view setbacks as having a purpose, and then put them in their place. The past shouldn’t run or define you - only fuel you.The perfect time to start doesn’t existI had so many things that had to be just right before I could make my long-planned leap from corporate. I’d tell myself, “I’d love to go for it right now, but practically speaking.” Well, guess what? Practicality is poison. It’s the convenient excuse stopping you from what you’re meant to become.It’s time to unplug others’ opinionsGrow where you want to grow. Learn what you want to learn. Wherever you are on the scale of hat you want to learn next - be it beginner or near - expert own it, be proud of it. Pretenses are for pretenders. You’re just trying to become a better version of your genuine self.63.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. If you want to succeed, you have to invest yourself first.B. Upgrading yourself is hard, but you still need to continue.C. Giving up upgrading yourself is just like dropping the ball.D. It’s a kind of responsibility to go on learning though it’s hard.64.The word lament in the last but 4 paragraphs most probably means ________.A. to express sadness and feeling sorry about somethingB. to repeat what happens to you in the past of your lifeC. to show some regretful feeling or thought for our pastD. to recognize something that has gone wrong in the past65.According to the passage, we can infer that ________.A. the busier you are, the happier and better you will beB. what happened shouldn’t prevent you, but protect youC. whoever you are, just grow where you want to growD. how well you grow is actually decided by yourself66.How many aspects does the writer illustrate his idea on personal growth?A. 3B. 7C. 5D. 6拔高阅读训练2Today’s artificial intelligence may not be that clever, but it just got much quicker in understanding. A learning program designed by three researchers can now recognize and draw handwritten characters after seeing them only a few times, just as a human can. And the program can do it so well that people can’t tell the difference.The findings, published in the journal Science, represent a major step forward in developing more powerful computer programs that learn in the ways that humans do.Although computers are excellent at storing and processing data, they’re less-than-stellar students. Your average 3-year-olds could pick up basic concepts faster than the most advanced program.In short, “You can generalize,” said coauthor Joshua Tenenbaum. But there’s something else humans can do with just a little exposure—they can break an object down into its key parts and dream up something new. “To scientists like me who study the mind, the gap between machine-learning and human-learning capacities remains vast,” Tenenbaum said. “We want to close that gap, and that’s our long-term goal.”Now, Tenenbaum and his colleagues have managed to build a different kind of machine learning algorithm (算法)—one that, like humans, can learn a simple concept from very few examples and can even apply it in new ways. The researchers tested the model on human handwriting, which can vary sharply from person to person, even when each produces the exact same character.The scientists built an algorithm with an approach called Bayesian program learning, or BPL, a probability-based program. This algorithm is actually able to build concepts as it goes.In a set of experiments, the scientists tested the program using many examples of 1,623 handwritten characters from 50 different writing systems from around the world. In a one-shot classification challenge, people were quite good at it, with an average error rate of 4.5 percent. But BPL, slightly edged them out, with a comparable error rate of 3.3 percent. The scientists also challenged the program and some human participants to draw new versions of various characters they presented. They then had human judges determine which ones were made by man and which were made by machine. As it turned out, the humans were barely as good as chance at figuring out which set of characters was machine-produced and which was created by humans.The findings could be used to improve a variety of technologies in the near term, including for other symbol-based systems such as gestures, dance moves and spoken and signed language. But the research could also shed fresh light on how learning happens in young humans, the scientists pointed out.63.What is the passage mainly about?A.An advance in artificial intelligence.B. A special learning program for students.C. The application of artificial intelligence.D. A new approach of developing programs.64.By “less-than-stellar students” in Paragraph 3, the author means ________.A.students are better at processing dataB. computers are incomparable to studentsC. students are less smart than computersD. computers are less clever in some aspects65.In the experiments testing BPL, what did the scientists find out?A.Humans were slow at recognizing characters.B.BPL wrote characters in a quite different manner.C.BPL could identify and write characters as humans.D.Humans could create more characters than computers.66.What can be inferred from the passage?puters learn in the same way as humans.B.The findings may help improve human-learning.C.Machine-learning is superior to human-learning.D.Young humans can understand algorithms quickly.拔高阅读训练3A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic, in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole.The hole, which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days, has reached record dimensions, but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south. If it extends further south overpopulated areas, such as southern Greenland, people would be at increased risk of sunburn. However, on current trends the hole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks.Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex(极地漩涡), and the presence of ozone-destroying chemicals such as chlorine(氯) in the atmosphere – from human activities – caused the hole to form.“The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity,” sai d Vincent-Henri Peuch, director of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service. “We monitored unusual dynamic(动态的) conditions,which drive the process of chemical depletion of ozone. Those dynamics allowed for lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic, which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric(平流层的) clouds and the catalytic(催化的) destruction of ozone.”The hole is not related to the Covid-19 shutdowns that have dramatically cut air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis, or part of normal stratospheric weather variability.Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis. Temperatures in the region are already increasing, slowing the depletion of ozone, and the hole will start to recover as polar air mixes with ozone-rich air from lower latitudes. The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring 2011.While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event, the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades. The production of ozone-depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced, under the 1987 Montreal Protocol(蒙特利尔协议), but some sources appear still to be functioning--in 2018, unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas .New sources of ozone-depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic, said Peuch. “However, this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted, and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where the ozone-destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again.”63.What is the possible meaning of the underlined word“depletion”?A. replacementB. consumptionC. increaseD. production64.According to the passage, scientists are concerned about the hole because ______.A. it is expected to be a threat to the mankindB. the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissionsC. it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awarenessD. it warns us of an oncoming climate crisis65.What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A. The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over the Antarctic.B. Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone-destroying chemicals.C. The Montreal Protocol has successfully prevented new emissions.D. Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic.66.The best title for the passage is probably ______.A. Record-size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the ArcticB. Actions Urgently Needed for a New Hole in Ozone LayerC. Environmental Disaster and International CooperationD. How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on Earth拔高阅读训练4We’ve all heard the stories of an actor’s struggles before a career breakthrough: living a hardlife, working part time, being a couch potato before getting that major role. Shelby, the star of “A Dog’s Way Home,” has a hard-luck tale that could top them all. Before her big break, she was living in a landfill, rooting through garbage for her next meal.Shelby’s big break came in April 2017, when animal-control officer Megan Buhler was driving in Cheatham County. Tennessee. Out on an unrelated call, Buhler spotted and approached what she recalled was a noticeably scared puppy emerging from the dump. “I knelt down and just said, ‘Oh, come here, baby,’” said Buhler. “She was so scared, but she came right up to me, and I was able to put her in my truck.” The pair headed to the county animal shelter, where the staff began calling the new resident Baby Girl.Buhler and others didn’t know that 3,200 kilometers away, Hollywood was looking for a dog to play Bella in a film written by Cathryn Michon. The find-a-Bella job went to freelance trainer Teresa Ann Miler. Her mission was to search shelters nationwide for a dog that could play Bella. One day, Miller spotted Baby Girl’s adoption photo. “Honestly, it was a really good picture, and she was flat - out smiling,” Miller said. Then she met Baby Girl, and assessed her on personality and the ability to respond to simple commands. After assessment, she adopted Baby Girl from the shelter, renamed her Shelby and took her to California for training. Miller and Shelby trained for just over three months before filming began. Then they were together each day on the set.Most of the film’s reviews have praised Shelby’s performance. Variety made the comments “an amazing dog, perfect performance!”Shelby has come a long way from the dump. But Buhler said she saw Shelby recently had needed only a second to compare the movie star with the dog she found from piles of trash. “She’s exactly the same,” Buhler said.56.Why does the author mention an actor’s struggle before a career breakthrough at the very beginning?A. To make a sharp contrast between an actor’s struggle and a dog’s struggle.B. To introduce a dog’s similar but even more striking experiences.C. To attract reader’s attention by giving dramatic examples.D. To clearly point out the main idea of the passage.57.What finally helped Baby Girl get the big role in the film?A. Her adoption picture.B. Her flat-out smiling.C. her personality and ability.D. Her miserable experiences.58.By saying “She is exactly the same” in the last paragraph, Buhler probably means __________.A. the dog returned to the piles of trash where she found itB. it took quite a lot of trouble for the dog to change her own fate.C. she’s really excited to see the dog she helped live such a happy lifeD. the dramatic change of the dog’s life hasn’t changed her inner quality59.What do you think may serve as the best title of the passage?A. The Success of “A Dog’s Way Home”.B. From a Landfill Puppy to a Movie Star.C. The Trainer and Her Star Dog.D. Shelby’s Hard-luck Story.1.答案与解析解析：63题考察推理判断题，题目：根据本文，下列哪个是正确的？定位前三段中提到成功需要投入，需要不管更新自我；对比四个选项，选项A 错在first 选项B 正确，原文中提到Getting to the point where you’re ready to start upgrading to you 2.0 isn’t easy. But it doesn’t mean dropping the ball everywhere else.64.考察猜测词义题，题目：倒数第四段中lament什么意思？定位倒数第四段中，前一句中提到：一种受害者的心态是个人成长的敌人。
《昆虫记》名著阅读训练题(含答案)4知识梳理
《昆虫记》名著阅读训练题(含答案)4知识梳理一、选择题1．文段阅读。
看起来，(A)的这个精心安排设计的作战计划是完全成功的。
那个开始天不怕、地不怕的小蝗虫果然中了(A)的妙计，真的是把它当成什么凶猛的怪物了。
当蝗虫看到(A)的这副奇怪的样子以后，当时就有些吓呆了，紧紧地注视着面前的这个怪里怪气的家伙，一动也不动。
在没有弄清来者是谁之前，它是不敢轻易地向对方发起什么攻势的。
这样一来，一向擅于跳来跳去的蝗虫，现在，竟然一下子不知所措了，甚至连马上跳起来逃跑也想不起来了。
已经慌了神儿的蝗虫，完全把“三十六计，走为上策”这一招儿忘到脑后。
可怜的小蝗虫害怕极了，怯生生地伏在原地，不敢发出半点声响，生怕稍不留神，便会命丧黄泉。
在它最害怕的时候，它甚至莫名其妙地向前移动，靠近了(A)。
它居然如此恐慌，到了自己要去送死的地步。
看来(A)的心理战术是完全成功了。
(1)上面选段中的A是_________。
(2)请结合文段内容简要说说它的习性。
_________2．判断对错。
A.《昆虫记》中，作者不但仔细观察食粪虫劳动的过程，而且不无爱怜的称这些食粪虫为清道夫。
（_____）B.蟋蟀在《昆虫记》中被称为不会迷失的精灵。
（_____）3．阅读《昆虫记》选段，回答问题。
（A）不会织网捕猎。
它的捕猎方法是，埋伏在花丛中窥视着，一旦猎物出现，它会飞快地掐住对方的脖子。
它尤其喜爱捕捉家蜂。
一贯爱好和平的蜜蜂，为了采蜜来到花间草丛，用舌头先在花丛中探测，选好一处花粉多的开采区，立刻便忙于收获了。
待它的花篮里装满了花粉，肚子慢慢地鼓起来的时候，A便从花丛下的隐藏处突然蹦了出来，纵身跃起，掐住蜜蜂的后脖颈根部。
后者无助地拼命地挣扎，用蛰针乱扎一气，但攻击者始终不肯放手。
（B）是欧洲最大的蝴蝶，穿着栗色天鹅绒外衣，系着白色皮毛领带。
翅膀上满是灰白相间的斑点，一条淡白色之字形线条穿过其间，线条周边呈烟灰白，翅膀中央有一个圆形斑点，宛如一只黑色的大眼睛，瞳仁中闪烁着黑色、白色、栗色、鸡冠花红色等呈彩虹状的变幻莫测的色彩。
2016中考语文阅读训练100天(4)(含解析)
2016年语文中考阅读100天第 5 天月日班级姓名评价一、古诗词阅读龟虽寿神龟虽寿，犹有竟时。
螣蛇乘雾，终为土灰。
老骥伏枥，志在千里。
烈士暮年，壮心不已。
盈缩之期，不但在天；养怡之福，可得永年。
幸甚至哉，歌以咏志。
1、赏析“老骥伏枥，志在千里。
烈士暮年，壮心不已”。
【答案】这句诗用比喻修辞写出曹操虽然到了晚年，但有志干一番事业，一种对宏伟理想的追求的豪情壮志。
【解析】本题考查对致辞内容的赏析，做好此题，要抓住诗句的特点，本句是把老年的自己比作老马。
表现了豪情壮志。
2、下列对诗词鉴赏不正确的是( )A这是一首抒发人生感慨的咏志诗。
作者以神龟、腾蛇、老骥为喻，表明宇宙万物有生必有死，是自然的规律，人应该利用有限之年，建功立业，始终保持昂扬乐观的积极进取的精神。
B“神龟虽寿，犹有竟时;腾蛇乘雾，终为土灰。
”是全诗的核心。
要求自己利用这短暂的生命建功立业，不要虚度一生。
C、“志在千里”中的“志”就是要统一全国。
作者认为统一全国是符合历史的需要，决心为此奋斗终生。
“老骥伏枥”“烈士暮年”，“壮心不已”都是后人常用以励志之语。
D、“盈缩之期，不但在天;养怡之福，可得永年。
”这四句呼应诗的开头，在承认寿命有限这一客观事实的前提下，强调发挥人的主观作用，反映了诗人的积极进取的人生态度。
【答案】B【解析】“老骥伏枥，志在千里。
烈士暮年，壮心不已。
”是全文的核心。
3、请结合具体诗句分析它怎样的人生态度和精神思想?【答案】《龟虽寿》体观作者达观、积极的人生态度和自强不息的奋斗精神。
表现了作者不甘衰老和寿命不全由天决定，主观努力也起作用的积极奋发的思想感情。
【解析】本题考查对诗词主旨的把握，做好此题，要整体理解全诗，结合关键语句理解主旨。
二、文言文阅读曹冲称象曹冲生五六岁，智意①所及，有若成人之智。
时孙权曾致巨象，太祖②欲知其斤重，访之群下，咸莫能出其理③。
冲曰：“置象大船之上，而刻其水痕所至，称物以载之，则校④可知。
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训练四
细菌与安全
①我们都知道细菌无处不在，即使是我们认为洗得很“干净”的手上也充满了细菌。
虽然多数细菌是无害的，但再多无害甚至有益的细菌，也改变不了有害细菌让我们寝食难安的事实。
人们吃出问题的例子，只有一小部分跟细菌无关——比如河豚中毒或者对各种食物过敏，其他绝大多数都是细菌惹的祸。
②到目前为止
．．．．．，加热仍然是杀死细菌的最有效手段。
一般来说，在121摄氏度下加热15分钟以上。
即使没有把细菌全部杀死，剩下的也成不了气候。
但是许多食物要是加热到这种程度，就没法吃了。
通常的食品加工，只是把细菌的量减少到一定浓度，不会对人产生危害就行了。
③比如说牛奶，所谓巴氏灭菌的“鲜奶”是把牛奶加热到72度左右15秒。
经过这样处理，细菌量会减少到初始量的十万分之一，虽然还有不少，但是在冰箱里放两三周，细菌量也不会长到对人有害的地步。
如果是超高温灭菌，则把牛奶加热到135度以上，1秒钟就可以杀死几乎所有的细菌，即使是放在常温下也能保证几个月没有问题。
当然，这都是指密封保存的情况。
如果对着瓶嘴喝一口，这些处理几乎就算白做了，其中的细菌生长速度会大大增加。
其他食物也是如此。
④无数食品科学家和工程师花了不计其数的工夫，想要找到比加热更好的杀死细菌的方式。
然而到目前为止，最经济实惠、广泛使用的还是加热。
中餐原料有很多不注意卫生的地方，但是中餐的安全问题却不严重，关键就在于中餐一般都是经过高温烹饪、现做现吃。
西方的蔬菜多数是生吃的，所以从种植、运输、保存到分销的各个环节，都要进行严格监控。
否则，沙拉吃下去，就开始拉肚子了。
⑤对于个人来说，注意食品安全，良好的卫生习惯非常重要。
厨房、冰箱都是藏污纳垢的地方，经常清洁（比如用酒精、醋等都有不错的效果），并且保持厨房通风干燥，有助于减少细菌。
家里的食物，尽量减少存货，做饭做菜，
尽量吃多少做多少。
因为减价而囤积大量原料，或者做一次饭吃上一两周，都会为细菌繁殖提供广阔的天空。
尤其是很多特价的蔬菜、肉、蛋、奶、水果，特价的原因就是积压了很长时间，再买回家保存，简直就是考验自己对细菌的抵抗力。
1.细菌与安全有什么关系？
2.第②段中“到目前为止”的作用如何？
3.第③段运用列数字的说明方法，作用如何？
4.第④段将中餐和西餐的做法进行比较，目的是什么？
5.本文认为应该保持怎样的良好卫生习惯？
训练四答案
1.细菌与安全有什么关系？
吃的有害细菌越少，身体越安全。
2.第②段中“到目前为止”的作用如何？
不排除将来会有更有效的杀死细菌手段的可能性，使语言表达更加严密、准确。
3.第③段运用列数字的说明方法，作用如何？
能更加准确、清楚地说明加热在牛奶加工中的杀菌作用。
4.第④段将中餐和西餐的做法进行比较，目的是什么？
说明加热是杀死细菌、保证食品安全的经济实惠、广泛使用的方式。
5.本文认为应该保持怎样的良好卫生习惯？
经常清洁厨房、冰箱；保持厨房通风干燥；减少食物的存放量，吃多少做多少；对食物一般要高温烹调。