关于国际金融学论文
金融论文范文精选3篇(全文)

金融论文范文精选3篇最近几年,在深化体制改革、保持经济增长、克服通货紧缩的过程中,人们的眼光已越来越多地转向了民间投资,扩大民营企业融资的问题也日益引起了各方面的关注,进展民间金融的问题也日益提上了政策研讨的日程;而加入WTO、进一步对外开放的前景也引起了人们关于如何“对内开放”问题的讨论。
的确,在这方面,有许多问题值得进一步的分析与探讨。
改善资源配置进展民间金融,扩大民营企业的融资渠道,不仅是扩大民间投资、增加就业的需要,更重要地,它是ZG经济进一步健康进展、金融市场和金融体制进一步进展、健全的需要。
在我们的经济中,目前非国有经济对GDP贡献已达63%,对工业增加值的贡献已达74%,而在全部银行信贷资产中,非国有经济使用的比率不到30%,70%以上的银行信贷仍然由国有部门利用(证券市场上的直接融资也主要是为国有企业服务的)。
而国有部门目前对工业增加值的贡献率只有不到30%。
这种情况的后果,自然是一方面在国有企业和国有银行之间存在大量的坏账,而另一方面则是非国有经济的“融资渠道不畅”,制约着整个经济的进一步进展,也制约着金融市场的成熟和进展。
纠正资源配置的上述扭曲,显然是当前ZG经济改革和进展所面临的一个重大课题。
进展市场竞争与改善市场治理进展民间金融,也有利于进展金融业的市场竞争和对竞争的治理。
过去20年ZG的市场化改革和市场竞争的进展,在很大程度上得益于民营经济的进展和它们带来的竞争机制。
但是,过去我们积极在制造业进展民营经济,引入市场竞争的同时,却忽视了在金融市场上进展民营经济和市场竞争,致使在金融领域内仍是国有企业、国有银行处于垄断地位,竞争严峻不足。
这种状况不仅不利于金融市场的进展,也不利于对金融市场进行规范、治理的进展与成熟。
其原因在于:政府对市场的治理水平,是随着市场竞争的展开而逐步提高的,治理者只能随着被治理者的成长而成长;只有市场竞争主体进展了、竞争存在了、展开了,治理者才会知道问题会出在什么地方,应该管什么、怎么管。
国际金融论文英文版

Which is better,floating or fixed rate? Summary:This article first introduces the basic principles of the floating exchange rate system and the fixed exchange rate system ,shows the role of economic stability that monetary and fiscal policy play under the two exchange rate system.Then it introduces the Bretton Woods system and course and causes why fixed exchange rates system changed into floating exchange rate system in 1973, from which it sum up the support and against views of the two exchange rate systems and carry out specific assessment. At last, it summaries experiences since operating the floating exchange rate system,puts international cooperation at a very important place, and puts forward the direction of the floating exchange rate system reform in the future.Key words:floating exchange rate system ,fixed exchange rate system, expansionary monetary policy, expansionary fiscal policy, Bretton Woods systemFirst 、Floating exchange rateF loating exchange rate system is the systtem that Government's monetary authorities do not influence the exchange rate through the foreign exchange market intervention ,in which the exchange rate is completely flexible.1 、Mechanism of floating exchange rateThe foreign exchange market equilibrium conditions: meet the interest rate parityR=R*+ (Ee-E) /E, R is the domestic interest rate, R * is the foreign interest, Ee is the expected exchange rate, E is the current exchange rateDomestic money market equilibrium condition: interaction of money demand and money supplyMs/P=L(R,Y), Ms is the money supply, P is the domestic price level, R is the national interest,Y is national outputCombine the two formulaMoney market equilibrium determines the domestic interest rate R.Then through the " Interest rate parity" determines the country's exchange rate. From this, we know the exchange rate formes from the foreign exchange market and the domestic money market mutual decision. When the two asset market equilibrium is achieved, the current exchange rate E and interest rate R all come out. From this we can see any factor which influences domestic money market equilibrium will affect the country's exchange rate. Following , through AA-DD model let ’s focus our attention on how monetary and fiscal policies affect the exchange rate .2 、Policy under floating exchange rate system used for economic stabilityShort-term equilibrium in open economy :AA-DD modelAA curve is the combination of all the output and exchange rate ,which lead to assets market equilibrium in short-term, DD curve is the combination of all the output and exchange rate ,which reach product market equilibrium in short-term. The intersection of two curves is short-term equilibrium at which the asset market and product market can reach equilibrium at the same time. Expansionary monetary policy will cause AA curve shifts to the right, expansionary fiscal policy would make DD curve shift to the right.(1) Expansionary monetary policyIncreasing of the money supply will lead to currency depreciation, expansion of production, thereby increasing employment.(2) Expansionary fiscal policyIncreasing in government spending leads to increasing demand for money, to promote the interest rates.As a result the currency appreciates.Second 、Fxed rateFixed exchange rate system is the system that the Government's monetary authorities influences the exchange rate through the foreign exchange market intervention, in which the exchange rate is fixed at a certain level.1 、Introduction of fixed exchange rate mechanismThe foreign exchange market equilibrium: also meet the “interest rate parity”, R = R * + (Ee-E), but because the Central Bank fixed the exchange rate at a certain the level E0 ,expected exchange rate and the current exchange rate is the same . Interest rate parity under the fixed exchange rate is R = R *.Money market equilibrium: also meet Ms/P = L (R, Y), but because the interest rate remains in R *, the money market equilibrium equation under the fixed exchange rate is Ms/P = L (R *, Y).It means that the Central Bank must make use of the foreign exchange market intervention to make money supply meet the equation.Put the two togetherAnd different from floating exchange rate system, under fixed exchange rate system the equilibrium interest rate can initially be get by foreign exchange market equilibrium.That is,every c ountry is the recipient of world interest rates.Then through the money market equilibrium their own money supply is determined. For example: a country's output increase will raise the demand for money, to maintain the fixed exchange rate their level of interest rates have to stay at the level of the world ,avoiding increasing.So it requires the central bank must increase the money supply, to prevent currency appreciation. Central bank intervenes in the foreign exchange market by buying foreign exchange intervention.The process of it is to launch the base currency to the market, increasing the money supply.2 、Policy under fixed rate system used for economic stabilityAA-DD model(1) Expansionary monetary policyIn order to increase output, the central bank will increase the money supply through the purchase of domestic assets, which makes the exchange rate raises. In order to maintain a fixed exchange rate, the central bank has to sell international reserves in the foreign exchange market, in exchange for local currency to reduce the money supply.Ultimately when the increasing of the central bank domestic assets exactly is equal to the reduction of official reserves, the economic returns to the original balance.A n d totally different from fixed exchange rate system, under floating exchange rate system, monetary policy can not affect the money supply and the output but can only affect the international reserves.That is, in this case monetary policy is ineffective and the central bank losts its ability of using monetary policy to stabilize the economy.(2) Expansionary fiscal policyOutput increasing raises the demand for currency.To prevent excess money demand fromcausing higher interest rate and currency appreciation, the Central Bank must purchase foreign assets in the foreign exchange market,thereby increasing the money supply so that the exchangerate unchanged ,output increases, and official reserves increases.And different from monetary policy, fiscal policy works very well in improving output. Compared with floating exchange rate system, under fixed rate system fiscal policy enables output increasing more and has better stimulation in economic. Under floating exchange rate system, expansionary fiscal policy causes the local currency appreciation, followed by the expansion of exports, by which the direct impact of fiscal policy on expanding aggregate demand is partly offset.Under fixed exchange rate system, the foreign exchange market intervention of the Central Bank, making money supply increases in the non-active, has additional expansion effect.Third 、the fixed exchange rate changes into the floating exchange rate systemJuly 1944, four countries in New Hampshire's Bretton Woods in the United States held international monetary conference to determine a new fixed exchange rate system. The "Bretton Woods agreement" requires national currencies maintaining fixed rates against the U.S. dollar exchange rate, and the ratio of US dollar to gold price must fix at 35 dollars per ounce. The official reserves of members held in the form of gold or U.S. dollars, and had the right to exchange gold at official price in the U.S. Federal Reserve banks. That is the so-called "double hook": all national currencies were pegged to the dollar, and the dollar was pegged to gold, other currencies indirectly maintaining a fixed exchange ratio with gold. The system is the gold exchange standard based on the basic reserve currency of U.S. dollar .In the system the United States had a special status, because it did not interfere in the foreign exchange market,but could still use monetary policy to maintain the stability of the economy.If the United States increased the supply of the dollar, in order to maintain the fixed exchange rate against the dollar and prevent their currency from appreciation to the dollar, other countries must use their currency to purchase US dollar assets, expanding their money supply. So we can see that under the dollar standard system the role of monetary policy played by every country is not symmetrical.America can use monetary policy not only to influence its national economy, but also affect foreign economic and other countries in order to keep the fixed rate against the US dollar have to abandon monetary policy on economic stability and was forced to import in the United States monetary policy, all which makes the United States have the huge economic power.Natural asymmetry of the system, eventually led to crash ofBretton Woods system in 1973 after the war .After the 1960s American excessive expansion of fiscal policies, resulting in the early 1970s the market’s strong expectation of devaluation on the dollar, a large number of people’s selling dollar makes other national monetary supply sprawl; at the same time, the United States expansionary monetary policy makes inflation of the whole world intensify, so foreign governments refuse to import American inflation because of implementing such a fixed exchange rate system and to pay the appropriate policy of the United States. Later the world economy fell in a series of crisis.In the end, the United States Government unilaterally announced stopping gold convertibility, which is regarded as the proclamation that Bretton Woods system meltdown. Fourth 、compare floating exchange rate system with fixed exchangerate system about the advantages and disadvantagesFacts have proved that the fixed exchange rate system could not be reinstated.Since 1973, industrialized countries have adopted floating exchange rate system.1 、Endorsement of floating exchange rate system(1) Monetary policy autonomyUnder fixed exchange rate system ofBretton Woods system, besides US other countries in order to maintain fixed rate with US dollar, hardly use the monetary policy to achieve the internal and external balance, but can only import US's inflation.In final several years the fixed rate of exchange system's, Central Banks can only strictly limit the international payments day by day to guarantee strict control over the domestic currency supplies. But this control is only successful in the aspect of strengthening the monetary policy function, and will actually have the twist effect on the international trade.Under the floating exchange rate system, Central Bank restores the control of currency, and does not need to undertake the duty of stabilizing its currency value any longer.Moreover, every country can choose the long-term inflation which the fund is willing to accept, instead of importing foreign country’s inflation passively. One of the most powerful theories supportin g floating exchange rate is that it can isolate the influence brought by the overseas continuing inflation with the help of automatic exchange rate adjustment. This isolation mechanism is the purchasing parity: When world economics' change is about currency, the purchasing parity will maintain effective in long-term, and the exchange rate change will finally counter-balance inflation rate differences exactly among the countries. Under the floating exchange rate system, the international foreign exchange market will be able to adjust automatically the exchange rate to the very point at which the influence of the US inflation on other national is eliminatedThus it avoids the difficult problem on once again determining the currency value under the fixed rate system.(2) SymmetryUnder Bretton Woods system, the United States is in the center of the international monetary system, leading to two kinds of asymmetry: the U.S. dollar serves as the international reserve currency ,so other countries are "pegged" to dollar.That is, the Fed decided the world's money supply, while other central banks can not decide on the supply of currency; any country could devalue against the dollar, while the dollar can not devalue against other currencies.F loating exchange rate system can eliminate the asymmetry: other currencies are no longer pegged to the dollar, do not have to be large U.S. dollar holdings, and will be free to determine the money supply; when U.S. monetary policy or fiscal policy change its own exchange rate, there is no special obstruction; all countries exchange rates are resulted from the market not the government.(3) Automatic stabilizer functionUnder fixed exchange rate system, the falls of export demand would lead to " fundamental imbalance."Under floating exchange rate system, depreciation would make the demand for national products pick up.Under fixed exchange rate system, since the central bank reduces money supply, output will eventually reduces to a lower level. The impact effect is different between the two systems.Floating exchange rate system can promote the economy itself to adjust relatively painlessly and quick: export demand falls-> reduce demand on the domestic currency->local currency depreciate->increase demand on national goods.2、Opposition viewpoint against floating exchange rate systemDurring War I to World War II, the practice of floating exchange rates also made people sceptical about it and thought that it will adversely affect the world economy.(1) Lacks the sense of disciplineCritics argue floating exchange rates: under floating exchange rate central banks have no discipline, so they may take expansion of the monetary policy and fiscal policy.Supporters of floating exchange rates have this explanation: in the Bretton Woods system, binding of the United States is relatively small, resulting in exacerbating global inflation in the late 20th 60s, and the erroneous policy of the United States will affect economic conditions in other countries .Under the floating exchange rate system, when policy of one government is not implemented, the impact of inflation will be limited in this country.(2) Destabilizing speculation on currency and money market unrestCritics argue floating exchange rates: experience and practice of floating exchange rates show that, money market speculation may cause a greater range of exchange rate fluctuations. Expectation on a currency devaluation is to come true automatically. Destabilizing effect from selling the weak currency, not only impedes international trade, but also might make people expect the future inflation, causing wage – price going up spirally again leading to a new round of depreciation.Countries may be caught in the "vicious cycle" of devaluation and inflation.Another objection is: when there are fluctuations in domestic currency markets, the floating exchange rate will make the economy more vulnerable. The fixed exchange rate can eliminate the impact on the economy from the instability in the domestic money market. If most of the economic impact comes from the domestic money market, the view of supporting fixed exchange rate is stronger.However, if output fluctuations in the market is dominated, then the fixed exchange rate system would have a more adverse impact on the economy.Supporters of floating exchange rates have this explanation: Under the fixed exchange rate system, when central bank appears unexpected reserves loss, people expect the currency will depreciate, then speculators sell a lot of this currency ,exacerbating the reserve loss ,which may result in unnecessary depreciation. Under the floating exchange rate system, the instability of speculation will eventually lead to jeopardizing the interests of speculators.As a result the speculators with instability will be drived out of the market,and the left is speculators who can speed up the adjustment of the exchange rate approaching to its long-term value to avoid long-term loss.(3) Not conducive to international trade and international investmentCritics argue floating exchange rates: inherent variability of floating exchange rate makes relative international price become so unpredictable.It will have adverse affect on international trade and investment. The exchange rate for international trade increases risk and cost, so that the trade and revenue from it go down. Return on investment has more uncertainty and it hinders the flow of capital for production.Supporters of floating exchange rates have this interpretation: international traders can avoid t h e risk through forward foreign exchange market and floating exchange rate makes the forward foreign exchange market expand. Opponents believe that transaction cost of the operation offorward foreign exchange is too high to believe it can completely eliminate the exchange rate risk.(4) Mutually uncoordinated economic policyCritics argue floating exchange rates: the Bretton Woods systems helps to set up the orderly international trade system,in which countries will not use competitive devaluations once happened in the Great Depression. Under t he floating exchange rate, countries’free dom of changeing their exchange rate may motivate them to "beggar thy neighbor". For example, expansionary monetary policy causes currency devaluation to improve their current account, output, employment, but at the same time makes the currency of foreign currencies appreciating with the foreign current account deterioration, that is, the output of own country increasing is at the price that the output of its neighboring countries goes down.The promoters of floating foreign exchange rates gave such explainations to the situation: The exchange rate adjustments under the Bretton Woods System were unfair,and fixed exchange rate, as a so-called 'solution' to the international balancing issues of monetary policies, had only granted United States an overpower on global monetary regulations, and consequently created abuse of the priority. Under the floating foreign exchange rate policy, many countries had realized the importance of international cooperations, and have been positively exploring and seeking a new form of international cooperation on monetary policy. for better prospects on economical development on participating countries.(5)The misconception of autonomyCriticizers of the floating FX rate claimed that domestic monetary policies are not necessarily completely free, but also influenced by movements on FX rates. For example, when money supply of a country increases, the depreciation on local currency causes increase on price level of imported products. To ensure the residents' wellbeing remain unchanged, labourers will claim for wage raises and eventually result into increases on inflation. Moreover, as local manufacturers use imported products as resources of reproduction, depreciation on local currency causes increases on the production costs, and hence on commodity prices. Therefore, floating FX rate has positive impacts on inflation level.Besides, criticizer had also stated that the insulating effect of floating FX rate on foreign inflation is limited. For example, foreign inflation increases foreign production and meanwhile increases foreign demands on domestic commodoties and hence increases domestic products.Floating FX rates pomoters' explaination to this is, however, that the influences shall be rectified through use of legally reguated floating FX rates.Fifth 、the experience of floating exchange rate system since 19731 、The experience of running a floating exchange rate system neither fully supports the agreement or confirms the criticism.Viewpoint of isolating the economy and the inflation for a long time is important, in a shorttime possibly is untenable.The role that the exchange rate takes as the macro economic goal causes the independency which Central Bank enjoys under the floating exchange rate system reducing.No empirical data provides support for the "vicious cycle".Viewpoint that flexible exchange rate would hamper international trade and investment is not supported by credible experience.Durable fixed exchange rate may not be achieved unless the creation of a single currency.2 、But draw a clear conclusion: International cooperation is important.We use“both countries model”(the HH -FF model) to explain how a country behavior does affect its trade partner’s economy, to see the importance of the coordination of countries' policy.National produce market balance (HH curve): Y=C (Y-T) +I+G+CA (EP*/P, Y-T, Y*-T*), Y is national output, T is national tax, C (Y-T) is the expense; I is the investment, G is the government purchases, E is the currency exchange rate, P is the domestic price level, P* is the foreign price level, Y* is the foreign country’s output, T* is the foreign tax, CA (EP*/P, Y-T, Y*-T*) is national current account.Foreign manufacture market balance (the FF curve): Y*=C* (Y*-T*) +I*+G*-CA (EP*/P, Y-T, Y*-T*)/(EP*/P), C* (Y*- T*) is the foreign resident’s expends, I* is the foreign investment,G* is the foreign government purchasesUnify bothNational expansionary monetary policyMoney supply increases, equilibrium level of national output market increases,the equilibrium level of foreign output market reduces, this is known as "beggar thy neighbor" policy, to improve own situation in the cost of damaging neighboring countries.National expansionary fiscal policyBoth domestic and foreign output increasesand there is a good cycle in long-term: Y up ->Y * up –> Y up, one country’s expansionary fiscal policy will boost the world economy and achieve a win-win situation.A country's economic policies have spillover effects which affect the economies of other countries, which shows the interdependence between countries.Because of this dependency, policy coordination in promoting the sound development of world economy plays a very important role. Sixth 、Conclusion: the direction of the floating exchange rate reform Fixed exchange rate is unlikely to resume in the near future. Because maintaining the fixed exchange rate for a long term needs strict control over capital flows, such efforts are doomed to a lack of credibility, not lasting long. So fixed exchange rate system can hardly bring the benefits its supports promised.With more policy coordination among countrys,the operation of a floating exchange rate system will be more favorable. Enhancing international cooperation and coordination is the overall direction and the main objectives of the current floating exchange rate system. References:保罗·R ·克鲁格曼茅瑞斯·奥伯斯法尔德《国际经济学》马正兵《固定汇率制和浮动汇率制的福利比较及启示》价格月刊 2009 年 5 月第 384 期刘兴华《汇率制度选择问题的理论之争及评析》吉首大学学报 2004 年 1 月第 1 期赵武《汇率制度和货币政策的协同分析》广东金融学院学报 2005 年 5 月第 3 期王梁《汇率理论与制度的发展历史》金融理财刘华《议浮动汇率制下货币政策的调节机理》华中农业大学学报 2008 年第 3 期。
国际金融论文-金融之我观

金融之我观作为国际工程管理专业的学生,国际金融实务是必修的一门课程。
而随着一学期的国际金融课程即将结束,我们对于国际金融的认识也加深了许多,对于这门课的学习也感触颇深。
首先,从《金融实务》的视角看,金融是货币流通和信用活动以及与之相联系的经济活动的总称。
如果说金融是现代经济的核心,那么国际金融就是现代世界经济发展的命脉所在。
随着世界经济一体化趋势与世界经济差异化发展博弈的日益深化,金融自由化向更广的层面和更深的层次不断拓展和发展。
同时,伴随着国际贸易的扩张和发展,国家间资金流通和信用融通的规模、速度、方式也产生了极大变化,国家间的货币兑换、汇率利率等内部及外部的变动和波动,在国家间经济往来乃至全球稳定中的重要作用更加凸显。
因此对于国际工程管理的专业的学生来说学习必要的国际金融知识是十分有必要的,对于提高我们对国际经济形势的判断把握和宏观财经数据的分析能力显得尤为重要。
同时也开拓了我们的视野,增长了见识,让我们可以更好的理解各种国际金融信息,了解我们生活所在的全球一体化世界。
同时也有助于更深刻地理解全球化背景下国际和国内经济金融问题产生的根源,认识一国经济和金融政策的潜力和局限性,充实投资方面的知识,使自己具备一定的理财能力。
通过对国际金融的学习,使我们了解了国际金融市场,外汇与汇率,国际货币,国际收支,外汇市场和外汇交易,汇率制度和外汇管制等基本知识。
从而使我们在日常生活中对于基本的金融知识有了更深层次的理解。
例如我们在财经类报纸上或在金融机构大厅里看到每天的外汇行情时,会思考或查阅资料以了解不同国家货币间的汇价是如何决定的,以及汇率的变化是什么原因造成的。
而且随着全球经济一体化趋势的日渐明显,资本的国际流动和国际资本市场对于中国经济发展的重要性日益突出,但与之相伴的金融风险也越来越大。
如何应对这种挑战,趋利避害是摆在中国金融界和政府面前的一项重要课题。
因此,我们在分析金融危机成因和后果的基础上应确定一些相应的应对策略。
关于国际金融危机论文精选范文

关于国际金融危机论文精选范文随着全球经济的发展,金融危机的爆发会影响到世界的经济。
下面是店铺为大家整理的关于金融危机论文,供大家参考。
金融危机论文范文篇一:《世界金融危机的影响分析》一、危机成因的多元性和危机本质的系统性首先,从经济角度看,这是自上世纪80年代以来,尤其是冷战结束后美、英等西方国家推崇的新自由资本主义运行机制的弊端在金融全球化背景下的总爆发,集中暴露出它们所推崇的金融领域“去规制化”进程严重忽视金融全球化发展本身的规律和特点,缺乏对金融体系运行的有效监管,丧失了应有的预警功能。
其次,当前的金融/经济危机是经济全球化、信息化背景下首次出现的全球经济的严重失衡。
此次金融危机的政治原因本质上是全球化的经济运行体制与国别化的经济决策体制之间长期的结构性矛盾凸现的结果。
一方面,世界经济体系的全球性市场运行对资源的全球配置需求以及相应的全球经济治理体制能力的要求不断提高,而现有全球经济治理体制的充分性、合法性和有效性却存在不同程度的缺陷;另一方面,作为国际经济的本质特征之一的经济政策制定的国别化,进一步加剧了全球化的经济运行体制与国别化的经济决策体制之间矛盾的累积和激化。
二、世界经济格局新的结构性调整和重组拉开序幕金融危机对世界经济发展的走势有五方面的影响:其一,从危机发生至今全球工业产值和贸易规模的萎缩比例来看,此次金融危机导致的全球经济衰退程度已经超过上世纪20年代末至30年代初的大萧条时期。
其二,贸易保护主义势头在各国经济衰退的阴影下有所抬头。
第三,美、欧、日等国经济实力都因受到危机的直接严重影响而削弱,但新兴大国群体性崛起的势头也受到不同程度抑制,未来新兴大国的增长态势将更大程度取决于各自完成经济刺激和结构优化调整的政策效应和时间长短。
第四,本次金融危机无法改变全球化经济深入发展的大趋势,包括美、欧、日等发达经济体和新兴大国等所谓“全球化中心国家”之间的经济发展(或衰退)相互密切关联和影响将持续加深。
国际金融专业毕业论文研究方向分析与指导

国际金融专业毕业论文研究方向分析与指导一、引言国际金融专业是当前高校热门的专业之一,随着全球经济一体化的加深,国际金融领域的需求也越来越大。
因此,选择一个合适的毕业论文研究方向对于顺利完成学业和未来的职业发展都十分重要。
本文旨在对国际金融专业毕业论文研究方向进行分析与指导,帮助学生选择适合自己的研究方向。
二、国际金融专业研究方向分类国际金融专业的研究方向可以分为宏观和微观两个层面。
宏观层面关注全球经济形势、国际金融政策等大范围的问题,而微观层面则关注企业、金融市场等具体实体的运作与管理。
下面将对每个层面进行详细的分析。
2.1 宏观层面研究方向2.1.1 国际金融市场与金融政策这一研究方向关注国际金融市场的运作机制以及各国的金融政策对全球经济的影响。
学生可以选择研究某个国际金融市场的特点和规律,并探讨金融政策对该市场的影响以及全球经济的波动性等问题。
2.1.2 国际货币体系国际货币体系是国际金融体系的核心,研究这一方向可以探讨国际货币体系的演变、各种货币汇率的形成机制以及全球金融危机等问题。
此外,还可以研究区域性货币联盟的发展和对全球金融格局的影响。
2.1.3 国际金融监管与风险管理在当前全球金融市场频繁波动的背景下,国际金融监管和风险管理成为了热门的研究领域。
学生可以选择研究国际金融监管的现状、挑战和改革方向,以及各种风险管理工具和策略的应用与效果等问题。
2.2 微观层面研究方向2.2.1 国际公司财务管理这一研究方向关注国际公司在全球化背景下的财务决策和管理问题。
学生可以选择研究国际公司的跨国融资策略、外汇风险管理和国际税收筹划等问题,以及全球化背景下的国际合并与收购等议题。
2.2.2 国际金融市场分析研究这一方向可以着重分析国际金融市场的交易行为和价格形成机制。
学生可以选择研究某个特定国际金融市场的运作特点、资产定价模型和投资组合策略等问题,以及市场波动对企业的影响和投资者的情绪行为等议题。
国际财务与金融1300字论文

国际财务与金融摘要:国际财务与金融是指跨国企业在全球化背景下进行资金筹措、投资和风险管理等活动的过程。
本文将从国际财务与金融的定义、现状及问题分析、国际财务与金融的风险管理和未来发展等方面出发,分析国际财务与金融的关系和作用,并提出一些对企业进行国际财务与金融管理的建议。
关键词:国际财务;国际金融;跨国企业;风险管理;未来发展;建议一、引言随着经济全球化的加速和跨国企业的兴起,国际财务与金融越来越受到企业和社会的关注。
国际财务与金融是指跨国企业在全球化背景下进行资金筹措、投资和风险管理等活动的过程。
本文将从国际财务与金融的定义、现状及问题分析、国际财务与金融的风险管理和未来发展等方面出发,分析国际财务与金融的关系和作用,并提出一些对企业进行国际财务与金融管理的建议。
二、国际财务与金融的定义国际财务与金融是指跨国企业在全球化背景下进行资金筹措、投资和风险管理等活动的过程。
国际财务与金融涉及到跨国企业之间的资金流动、货币汇率风险、国际税收政策等方面的问题,需要企业具备跨文化、跨国界的财务和金融知识和技能。
三、国际财务与金融的现状及问题分析目前,国际财务与金融面临着一些问题。
例如,跨国企业在进行国际财务与金融管理时缺乏专业知识和经验,容易出现误判和失误,导致企业不必要的风险和损失。
此外,国际财务与金融还面临着汇率风险、政治风险、市场风险等方面的挑战,需要企业采取有效措施进行风险管理。
四、国际财务与金融的风险管理1. 汇率风险管理汇率风险是指跨国企业在进行国际财务与金融活动时,由于汇率波动而导致的资产负债表价值变化的风险。
企业可以采取货币对冲、远期合约等方式进行汇率风险管理。
2. 政治风险管理政治风险是指跨国企业在进行国际财务与金融活动时,由于政治环境变化而导致的资产负债表价值变化的风险。
企业可以采取多元化投资、政治保险等方式进行政治风险管理。
3. 市场风险管理市场风险是指跨国企业在进行国际财务与金融活动时,由于市场环境变化而导致的资产负债表价值变化的风险。
国际金融中心建设探究论文

国际金融中心建设探究论文在全球经济中,国际金融中心的地位愈加重要。
许多国家都在积极探索如何建立自己的国际金融中心,以吸引更多金融机构和资本流入。
本文将围绕国际金融中心建设进行探究,从什么是国际金融中心、国际金融中心的功能、重要性以及建设过程等方面进行阐述。
一、什么是国际金融中心国际金融中心是指汇聚了全球金融资源、主控金融规则和全球重要金融流动的区域或城市。
它具有众多金融服务机构、国际知名金融品牌、高质量的人才和优越的金融基础设施。
具有规模化、国际化和信誉化等特点。
目前,世界上最著名的国际金融中心包括纽约、伦敦、香港、新加坡等,它们不仅是跨国公司和投资者的首选地,也是全球金融业务的集散地。
二、国际金融中心的功能国际金融中心的功能不仅仅是为跨国公司和投资者提供资金和金融管理服务,它还扮演着重要的规划和管理角色。
国际金融中心的主要功能包括:1.融资:国际金融中心能够提供大量资金给跨国公司和金融机构。
2.资金管理:国际金融中心还为跨国公司和金融机构提供资金管理服务。
3.风险管理:作为重要的金融管理中心,国际金融中心为跨国公司和金融机构提供风险管理服务,以让他们对金融风险有更好的把控。
4.金融监管:国际金融中心有更高的监管能力,以确保金融活动合法合规。
三、国际金融中心的重要性国际金融中心对于一个国家的经济发展意义重大。
首先,它可以带来大量的经济收入,许多跨国公司和金融机构会在国际金融中心注册,并将其作为全球业务的管理和控制中心。
这会带来大量的经济收入和就业机会。
其次,国际金融中心可以吸引外来投资,顺应全球化潮流,提升国家的国际竞争力。
此外,国际金融中心的建设还可以带动相关产业的发展,如金融科技、法律服务、会计等,进一步推动城市和国家的发展。
四、国际金融中心的建设过程国际金融中心的建设需要充足的资金、高质量的人才和完善的法律规章支撑。
在建设国际金融中心过程中,应该首先从以下几个方面着手:1.加强金融市场监管:建立一套完备的金融监管机制,确保金融市场的稳定和正常运行。
有关国际金融研究论文

有关国际金融研究论文国际金融创新是国际金融业发展的巨大推动力,因而,研究国际金融创新对推动我国金融企业改革有着十分重要的意义。
下面是店铺为大家整理的国际金融研究论文,供大家参考。
国际金融研究论文范文一:国际贸易和国际金融的关系分析[论文关键词]国际贸易国际金融关系[论文摘要]比较英国和美国在第一次世界大战前和两次世界大战之间的一段时间资本的流动状况,引入变量,来找出国际贸易和国际金融之间的联系。
如果对贸易和金融的控制由于某个共同原因同涨同落,那么两者之间的联系则很难说清。
分别在两个不同地域研究这两个作为研究案例的国家的贸易和金融之间的联系,也许有助于解决这个问题他们都在一战以前都对商品市场和资本市场采取显而易见的放任主义政策,在两次世界大战期间贸易摩擦增多。
另一种解释是两国都正是地使用经济计量经济学工具,接下来的证明中我们也将采用这种方法。
作者首先研究英美与和其贸易更加密切的贸易伙伴之间的贸易流和资本流与其他贸易国家的不同。
显然,密切的贸易伙伴之间贸易流和资本流都很大。
如果与其它国家的资本流动一样,这是因为在计算中计入了发展水平、殖民地地位、货币政策、违约和社会制度。
尽管以前的研究都没有建立贸易和金融模型,但是这些研究都表明这些因素在这两个国家对贸易和资本流的决定都起重要作用。
一、经验统计作者又依据已存的一些理论假设,依靠公式模型的理论,可能会发现一些不同的理论和预期得到的贸易和金融在数据上的正相关的关系。
下面列举了一些可能的理论:1.金融相当于对贸易的输入。
由于双方更强的金融基础设施建设导致了更少的交易成本和更小的风险,更大的国家间的资金流从而产生。
但由于更便宜的交易信贷,金融的发展也使得贸易繁荣。
2.信息溢出。
通过商业活动,产生了贸易联系;贸易联系加强了两个经济体之间的信息交流,但这也反过来刺激出更大的将金融资本的流动。
相反的因果关系也是可以想象的:更强的财政的交互作用何能会导致更客观的信息交换,这也会刺激更多的贸易。
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1互联网金融对传统银行业的影响分析课程名称:国际金融学论文题目:互联网金融对传统银行业的影响分析姓名:龚墩花学号:309专业:金融年级:2014级班级:3班摘要:随着信息技术的快速发展,互联网金融逐渐兴起。
本文在总结互联网金融的概念、特征和功能的基础上,阐述了互联网金融在战略、客户渠道、融资、定价以及金融脱媒等方面对传统银行业产生的影响。
本文认为,互联网金融短期不会动摇银行传统的经营模式和盈利方式,但从长远来说传统银行应大力利用互联网金融模式,以获得新的发展。
与此同时,互联网金融业的持续健康发展要依靠互联网金融企业的自律、积极创新,还要吸引更多的客户、加强系统安全建设等。
当前,移动支付、网上银行、手机银行、云金融等金融创新业务在我国蓬勃发展,由此形成了一种新的金融模式——互联网金融。
大数据时代给金融机构发展和品牌创立、传播既带来挑战,也带来机遇。
随着互联网金融的发展壮大,新兴互联网金融公司和传统金融机构将展开激烈竞争,未来甚至可能改变传统金融业的经营模式和运行格局。
互联网金融对传统银行业的影响分析引言:2013年6月13日支付宝联合天弘基金推出了余额宝,至2013年12月31日,余额宝的客户数已经达到4303万人,规模1853亿元。
余额宝在2013年的快速崛起,带动起了整个互联网金融的发展。
有人将“互联网金融”评选2013年度金融领域的流行词之一。
互联网金融产业作为信息时代的产物,在人们生活中发挥着越来越重要的作用,同时也引入了许多不同种类的商业模式。
新型商业模式的引进,不仅弥补了传统银行的局限性,为传统银行业注入了新的生命活力,而且作为一种区别于传统银行间接模式与资本市场直接模式的新型模式,对我国部分企业资金的疏导起到了促进作用。
一、互联网金融的概念、特征和功能(一)互联网金融的概念。
经过多年发展,互联网企业的业务没有停留在向金融机构提供技术支持和服务层面,通过深度挖掘积累下来的数据信息,将业务拓展至金融领域,构建出互联网金融模式并成为信息技术与金融资本相结合的新兴领域。
平、邹传伟(2012)认为,互联网金融模式是既不同于商业银行间接融资、也不同于资本市场直接融资的第三种金融融资模式。
从融资模式角度看,互联网金融模式本质上是一种直接融资模式。
但与传统直接融资模式相比,互联网融资模式具有信息量大、交易成本低、效率高等特点。
二)互联网金融的特征。
1、金融资源的可获得性强。
Sherman Chan将金融排斥定义为:人们在金融体系中缺少分享金融服务的一种状态,包括社会中弱势群体缺少途径或方式接近金融机构,以及在利用金融产品或金融服务方面存在困难和障碍。
当前经营模式下,传统商业银行无法高效应对小微企业和部分个人客户的业务要求,导致对某些客户的金融排斥。
互联网金融模式下,客户能够突破地域限制,在互联网上寻找需要的金融资源,缓解金融排斥,提升社会福利水平。
2、交易信息相对对称。
传统融资模式下,金融机构获得投资企业,特别是小微企业的信息成本较高,收益与成本不匹配。
互联网金融通过社交网络生成和传播信息,任何企业和个人的信息都会与其他主体发生联系。
交易双方通过互联网搜集信息,能够较全面了解一个企业或个人的财力和信用情况,降低信息不对称。
当贷款对象违约时,互联网金融企业可以通过公开违约和降低评级信息等方式,增加违约成本。
3、资源配置去中介化。
传统融资模式下,资金供求双方信息经常不匹配。
资金需求方无法及时得到资金支持的同时,资金供给方也不能找到好的投资项目。
互联网金融模式下,资金供求双方不再需要银行或交易所等中介机构撮合,可以通过网络平台自行完成信息甄别、匹配、定价和交易,去中介化作用明显。
(三)互联网金融的功能。
1、平台功能。
通过互联网金融企业搭建的网络金融平台,客户可自行选择适合的金融产品,只需动动手指,即能开展支付、贷款、投资等金融活动,方便快捷,免去客户跑腿、等待之苦。
2、资源配置(即融资)功能。
互联网金融本质上是一种直接融资方式。
互联网金融模式下,我们能够方便地查阅交易对手的交易记录;找到合适的风险管理工具与风险分散工具;通过信息技术深入分析数据,全面、深入掌握对手信息,提高了资源配置效率。
随着互联网金融模式兴起,“自金融”的概念应运而生。
3、支付功能。
互联网金融模式下,商家和客户之间的支付由第三方来完成,方便、快捷,成本更低。
第三方支付或将削弱商业银行、传统支付平台的地位。
目前,中国人民银行为约200家第三方支付企业颁发了支付业务许可证。
2012年,我国第三方互联网在线支付市场交易规模达3.8万亿元。
4、信息搜集和处理。
传统金融模式下,信息资源分散庞杂,数据难以有效处理应用。
互联网金融模式下,人们利用“云计算”原理,可以将不对称、金字塔型的信息扁平化,实现数据的标准化、结构化,提高数据使用效率。
二、互联网金融模式对传统银行业的影响(一)重新审视金融战略,适应互联网金融模式带来的挑战。
互联网金融模式的出现为中小银行提供了与大银行竞争的契机。
如果能够利用好这一模式,积极创新,将在一些新兴业务上赶超大银行,形成竞争力。
传统银行业可能因为互联网金融模式发生竞争格局的改变。
一些互联网企业已不满足只做第三方网络支付平台,而是凭借数据信息积累与挖掘的优势,直接向供应链、小微企业信贷等融资领域扩,未来可能冲击传统银行的核心业务、抢夺银行客户资源、替代银行物理渠道,颠覆银行传统经营模式和盈利方式。
(二)拓展银行业务的客户和渠道。
客户是商业银行等金融机构各项业务的基础。
互联网金融模式有利于商业银行拓展客户基础。
2012年,全球互联网用户达24亿人;我国互联网用户为5.65亿人,网购人数1.93亿人。
在互联网金融模式下,商业银行可以与自身战略结合,一方面挖掘、吸引新客户;另一方面增加客户粘合度,拉近与客户间的业务关系。
互联网金融模式下,银行传统目标客户群可能发生改变,传统物理网点优势弱化,追求多样化、个性化服务的中小企业及个人客户更倾向于通过互联网参与各种金融交易。
商业银行传统价值创造和实现方式将发生改变,能够提供快捷、低成本服务的金融机构会得到市场青睐。
(三)提升资源配置效率,有效解决小微企业融资难题。
互联网金融企业拥有大数据、云计算和微贷技术。
这三项技术可以使互联网金融企业全面了解小企业和个人客户的经营行为和信用等级,建立数据库和网络信用体系。
在信贷审核时,投资者将网络交易和信用记录作为参考和分析指标。
贷款对象如违约,互联网金融企业还可利用网络平台搜集和发布信息,提高违约成本,降低投资者风险,在服务中小企业融资及个人贷款具有独特优势。
因此,互联网金融模式可以超越传统融资方式的资源配置效率,大幅减少交易成本,有力支持实体经济发展。
在传统的金融模式中,传统银行作为金融中介,除了股票等直接投资方式以外的所有投资活动都以商业银行为中心展开,而互联网金融的发展带动了金融脱媒的步伐,资本市场上,直接融资取代了间接融资,在互联网金融模式中,银行丧失了其霸主地位,投资方直接与融资方实现了资金对接。
降低了投融资的成本,提高了投融资效率,绕开银行,较低的门槛满足了草根阶层的融资需求。
(四)价格发现功能,推动利率市场化。
互联网金融模式能够客观反映市场供求双方的价格偏好,是商业银行等金融机构应对利率市场化的有效方式。
互联网金融作为交易平台,资金借方报价,贷方依据对流动性、风险等因素偏好选择贷款对象,双方议价成交,交易完全市场化。
随着利率市场化推进,金融机构不能完全依赖央行的基准利率指导,应主动在市场上寻找利率基准。
互联网模式下,金融机构可以通过互联网金融市场利率走势,判断特定客户群的利率水平。
如果还能够深入研究挖掘数据,甚至可以形成完全由市场决定的“利率指数”,从而完善贷款定价基础。
(五)加速金融脱媒。
传统银行在金融业务往来中,主要充当资金中介的职能。
互联网金融将加速金融脱媒,使商业银行的资金中介功能边缘化。
在互联网金融模式下,互联网企业为资金供需双方提供金融搜索平台,充当资金信息中介的角色。
从融资角度看,资金供需双方利用搜索平台寻找交易对象,之后的融资交易过程由双方自己完成。
从支付角度看,第三方支付平台已能为客户提供收付款、自动分账以及转账汇款等结算和支付服务,与传统银行支付业务形成替代。
(六)倒逼传统银行转型倒逼传统银行业转型2013 年,在我国银行业经历两次“钱荒”的同时,余额宝等互联网理财产品却呈井喷式增长。
2013 年前三季度,我国上市银行净利润增速是 12.99% ,分别比 2011 年和 2012 年同期下降 16.19 和 4.37 个百分点,有关专家预计 2014 年上市银行利润增幅或将低于10% 。
尽管互联网金融与传统银行业之间并非“零和博弈”,但互联网金融对传统金融产品和服务的替代性正不断增强,倒逼银行业必须告别“傍大款、垒大户、靠资源、吃利差”的传统经营模式,积极应对互联网金融的挑战。
(七)促进发展利率市场互联网金融模式较传统银行业模式相比,其交易程序是遵循交易双方或多方的自由意志,更符合市场化规则,潜意识降低政府对经济的过分干涉途径,互联网金融模式是完善数据库的方式,同时也为推进市场进程创造了条件,也通过对价格的控制为利率市场化贡献了力量。
(八)改变金融行业局面传统银行业中需要较为复杂的交易流程,实际上传统银行业基本上垄断了贷款等业务,却因其复杂的手续和与现实脱节的利率成为金融领域前进的障碍。
正是互联网金融模式的产生,以简易可行的交易流程,大幅提升了交易效率,很大程度地改善了传统银行业一枝独秀的局面。
三、互联网金融模式发展趋势和传统银行业的应对策略(一)发展趋势总体来看,互联网金融机构发展速度虽快,但交易量相对较小,短期不会动摇商业银行传统经营模式和盈利方式。
笔者认为,互联网金融行业的持续健康发展,需要注意以下四点:首先,互联网金融企业应自律,业务发展不能钻法律空子和监管漏洞,应以支持实体经济为出发点。
其次,互联网金融企业应积极创新,不断嫁接金融服务与信息科技功能,探索新业务领域,与传统金融业务模式形成互补。
再次,互联网金融企业要利用自身资源,打破地域界限,吸引更多客户,操作尽可能“傻瓜化”。
最后,互联网金融企业应加强系统安全建设,保障交易者的资金、信息安全。
从社会环境看,人们应给予互联网金融企业更加开放、宽容的态度。
保证金融稳定和安全的前提下,相关部门可以考虑突破地域、行业限制,鼓励金融业竞争,维护好社会金融生态环境。
传统银行模式在互联网时代仍有优势。
传统银行资金实力雄厚、认知和诚信度高,基础设施完善,物理网点分布广泛,实体银行可建立看得见摸得着的信任。
传统银行除提供存贷业务、财富存管业务和为支付结算提供媒介外,还为社会提供流动性保险,支持正常经济活动。
一些金融业务需要专业人士经验判断,信息技术无法完全替代。