英文资料及翻译
SYSMAC CJ Series
CJ1G/H-CPU□□H,CJ1M-CPU□□,
CJ1G-CPU
Programmable Controllers
Operation Manual
Revised July 2002
Application Precautions
Observe the following precaution when using the PLC System.
●You must use the CX-Programmer (programming software that runs on Windows)if
you need to program more than one task. A Programming Console can be used to program only one cyclic task plus interrupt tasks.A Programming Console can, however, be used to edit multitask programs originally created with the CX-Programmer.
！Warning Always heed these precautions, Failure to abide by the following △
precautions could lead to serious or possibly fatal injury.
●Always connect to a ground of 100Ωor less when installing the Units. Not
connecting to a ground of 100Ωor less may result in electric shock.
●A ground of 100Ωor less must be installed when shorting the GR and LG
terminals on the Power Unit.
●Always turn OFF the power supply to the PLC before attempting any of the
following .Not turning OFF the power supply may result in malfunction or electric shock..
●Mounting or dismounting Power Supply Units, CPU Units, or any other Units.
●Assembling the Units.
●Setting DIP switches or rotary witches.
●Connecting cables or wiring the system.
●Connecting or disconnecting the connectors.
！Caution Failure to abide by the following precautions could lead to faulty operation △
of the PLC or the system, or could damage the PLC or PLC Units. Always heed these precautions.
●A CJ-series CPU Unit is shipped with the battery installed and the time already
set on the internal clock. It is not necessary to clear memory or set the clock before application, as it is for the CS-series CPU Units.
●The user program and parameter area data in CJ1-H CPU Units is backed up in the CPU Unit when the backup operation is in progress. Do not turn OFF the power supply to the CPU Unit when the BKUP indicator is lit .The data will not be backed up if power is turned OFF.
●If ,when using a CJ1H-CPU Unit ,the PLC Setup is set to specify using the mode set on the Programming Console and a Programming Console is not connected ,the CPU Unit will start in RUN mode .This is the default setting in the PLC Setup. ( A CS1 CPU Unit will start in PROGRAM mode under the same conditions .)
●When creating an AUTOEXEC.IOM file from a Programming Device (a Programming Console or the CX-Programmer)to automatically transfer data at startup, set the first write address to D20000 and be sure that the size of data written does not exceed the size of the DM Area. When the data file is read from the Memory Card at startup, data will be written in the CPU Unit starting at D20000 even if another address was set when the AUTOEXEC.IOM file was created .Also, if the DM Area is exceeded(which is possible when the CX-Programmer is used),the remaining data will be written to the EM Area.
●Always turn ON power to the PLC before turning ON power to the control system. If the PLC power supply is turned ON after the control power supply, temporary errors may result in control system signals because the output terminals on DC Output Units and other Units will momentarily turn ON when power is turned ON to the PLC.
●Fail-safe measures must be taken by the customer to ensure safety in the event that outputs from Output Units remain ON as a result of internal circuit failures, which can occur in relays , transistors, and other elements.
●Fail-safe measures must be taken by the customer to ensure safety in the event of incorrect , missing, or abnormal signals caused by broken signal lines, momentary power interruption, or other causes.
●Interlock circuits, limit circuits, and similar safety measures in external circuits(i.e, not in the Programmable Controller)must be provided by the customer.
●Do not turn OFF the power supply to the PLC when data is being transferred. In
particular, do not turn OFF the power supply when reading or writing a Memory Card. Also, do not remove the Memory Card when the BUSY indicator is lit .To remove a Memory Card, first press the memory card power supply switch and then wait for the BUSY indicator to go out before removing the Memory Card.
●If the I/O Hold Bit is turned ON, the output from the PLC will not be turned
OFF and will maintain their previous status when the PLC is switched from RUN or MONITOR mode to PROGRAM mode .Make sure that the external loads will not produce dangerous conditions when this occurs.(When operation stops for a fatal error ,including those produced with the FALS(007)instruction, all outputs from Output Unit will be turned OFF and onlu the internal output status will be maintained.)
●The contents of the DM, EM and HR Areas in the CPU Unit are backed up bu a
Battery.If the Battery voltage drops, this data may be lost. Provide countermeasures in the program using the Battery Error Flag (A40204) to re-initialize data or take other actions if the Battery voltage drops.
SYSMAC CJ 系列
CJ1G/H-CPU□□H,CJ1G-CPU□□
可编程序控制器
操作手册
2002年7月修订
应用注意事项
使用PC系统时要遵循下列各注意事项。
●如果需要编制一个以上任务，必须使用CX-Programmer（在Windows上运行
的编程软件）。编程器只能用来编制一个循环任务+几个中断任务。然而编程器能用来编辑原先用CX-Programmer生成的多任务程序。△！警告请始终注意这些注意事项。不遵循下列各注意事项可能导致严重伤
害，甚至致命伤害。
●在安装单元时总是连接到接地电阻不大于100Ω的地线上。没有连接不大于
100Ω接地电阻的接地可能导致电击。
●在短接电源单元的GR和LG端子时，必须安装一个不大于100Ω接地电阻的
接地。
●在着手做下列中的任一项前，总是将PC的电源置于OFF。否则可能引起误
动作或电击。
●安装或拆卸电源单元、I/O单元、CPU单元或其他任何单元；
●装配各单元；
●设定DIP开关或旋转开关；
●电缆连接或系统接线；
●连接或断开连接器。
△！注意不注意下列注意事项可能引起PC或系统的错误操作，或可能危及
PC或PC单元。请始终注意这些注意事项。
●CJ系列CPU单元出厂时已安装了电池，且内部时钟已设置了时间。在应用前不必再清除存储器或设置时钟，就像对CS系列CPU单元一样。
●CJ1-H CPU单元内的用户程序和参数区数据，后备在内置快闪存储器内。当
后备操作进行时，CPU单元前面的BKUP指示灯会点亮。当BKUP指示灯点亮时，不要断开CPU单元的电源。如果断开的话，则数据将不被后备。
●在使用CJ1-H CPU单元时，如果PC设置是指定使用编程器上的设置的模式，
而编程器没有连接，则CPU单元会以RUN模式启动。这是PC设置中的缺省设定（在同样条件下CS1CPU单元会以PROGRAM模式启动）。
●在从编程设备（手握编程器或CX-Programmer）生成一个AUTOEXEC.IOM文件以在启动期间自动传送数据时，将第一个写地址置在D20000，并确保所写数据的大小不超过DM区的大小。当在启动时从存储器卡读数据文件时，数据会被写入CPU单元，（从D20000开始，即使在生成AUTOEXEC.IOM文件时设置了另外地址）。此外，如果超过DM区（使用CX-Programmer时是可能的），则剩余数据会被写到EM区。
●请在接通控制系统的电源前总是先接通PC电源。如果PC电源是在接通控制
电源后接通的话，则可能引起控制系统信号，因在PC电源接通时PC输出电源和其他电源的输出端子会瞬时变为ON。
●为了在出现内部电路故障而引起输出单元的输出保持ON的事件时保证安
全，用户必须采取故障安全措施，这情况可能发生在继电器、晶体管或其他元器件内。
●为了在信号线断开、瞬时电源中断或其他原因引起的不正确、丢失或异常
信号事件时保证安全，用户必须采取故障安全措施。
●用户必须在外部电路中（即，不在可编程序控制器内）设有连锁电路、限
位电路和类似的安全措施。
●在传送数据时不要断开PC电源，特别是在读或写存储器卡时不要断开电源。此外，在BUSY指示灯点亮时，不要取出存储器卡。要取出存储卡，先按存储器卡电源开关，等待BUSY指示灯熄灭，然后取出存储器卡。
●如果I/O保持位变为ON,则在PC从RUN或MONITOR模式切换为PROGRAM模
式时，PC的输出不会变为OFF，而会保持其先前状态，确保在这个发生时外部负载不会产生危险情况。（当操作因致命错误停止时，包括FAL（007）指令产生的，输出单元的所有输出都会变为OFF,而只是内部输出状态会被
保持。）
●CPU单元中的DM、EM和HR区的内容都由电池后备，如果电池电压下降，数据可能丢失。在程序中提供预防措施，如果电池电压下降，使用电池错误标志（A40204）再初始化数据或采取其他行动。
英文资料及中文翻译
英文资料及中文翻译 Development of a multi-agent system for robot soccer game 一、Introduction As modern industrial society progresses, the needs for useful robots are growing. Especially, mobile robots are special issue that gradually expands its realm in industrialand studying topics. Researches on mobile robots have been mainly concentrated on single mobile robot. But, the development of multi-agent system is strongly needed by the growth of complexity of tasks for robots to perform. The multi-agent systems have been studied by many researchers[l-3]. Generally, multi-agent system is defined as the system composed of more than 2 robots [4] and performs the given task by cooperation. The system has some different factors compared with single robot system. First, the environment for robots to confront is dynamic. In multi-agent system, the robots themselves constitute dynamic environment, because each robot should recognize the other robots as moving obstacles. Many previous researches on mobile robots assume that the environment is static, even for the researches on single mobile robot[5,6]. Second, since the system performs given task by cooperation, it is necessary to make overall system plan forroles of robots. One of the obvious characteristics of the multi-agent system is cooperation - for example, 4-5 robots carry furniture [7]. To cooperate one another, the changes of robots position must be predictable. There are some ways to know the robots position. For example, robots communicate their position one after another, or a supervisor detects robots' position and transmits them to robots. It is related to communication problem. Third, each component of the system such as robots, a supervisor, sensors, communication equipment is well developed, because they influence the overall system performance. Also, it is necessary to adopt appropriate architecture. Robot soccer is an interesting domain for studying the multi-agent system. The players must work together: It means a sort of cooperation. Also, they play the game in dynamic environment: predictable and unpredictable environment - our robots and opponent's robots, respectively. The main object is to put the ball in opponent's goal as frequently as possible in presence of opponent's robots which have the same task. So, according to a situation, our robots decide which action they take -defense or offense, how they work and so on. In this point, the system needs real-time sensing, quick decision making and fast behaviors. It is related to system architecture and algorithms. As described above , soccer game includes many characteristics of multi-agent system and is abundant in applying AI techniques. One of the advantages of robot soccer game is direct comparison of different systems. Many robot soccer systems are gathered in some competitions. We participated in a Soccer robot competition in Taejon, Korea called MIROSOT96 [8]. MIROSOT makes some rules. The rules describe precise specification for soccer game. The playground is rectangular with its length 130cm, its width 90cm. An orange golf ball is selected as the play ball. The size of a robot is restricted within 7.5*7.5*7.5cm. One team consists of three robots. We purpose to make soccer system with three robots. In this paper, we explain some factors to be considered in establishing complete system. First, since the system architecture is very important, we decide the overall system as a centralized on-line system on the basis of surveys of multi-agent systems. Second, the overall system can be divided into three parts - A robot, communication and vision system. We describe the specifications of components of each part and the reasons to decide them. It would be helpful for later improvement.
英文资料及翻译
SYSMAC CJ Series CJ1G/H-CPU□□H,CJ1M-CPU□□, CJ1G-CPU Programmable Controllers Operation Manual Revised July 2002 Application Precautions Observe the following precaution when using the PLC System. ●You must use the CX-Programmer (programming software that runs on Windows)if you need to program more than one task. A Programming Console can be used to program only one cyclic task plus interrupt tasks.A Programming Console can, however, be used to edit multitask programs originally created with the CX-Programmer. ！Warning Always heed these precautions, Failure to abide by the following △ precautions could lead to serious or possibly fatal injury. ●Always connect to a ground of 100Ωor less when installing the Units. Not connecting to a ground of 100Ωor less may result in electric shock. ●A ground of 100Ωor less must be installed when shorting the GR and LG terminals on the Power Unit. ●Always turn OFF the power supply to the PLC before attempting any of the following .Not turning OFF the power supply may result in malfunction or electric shock.. ●Mounting or dismounting Power Supply Units, CPU Units, or any other Units. ●Assembling the Units. ●Setting DIP switches or rotary witches. ●Connecting cables or wiring the system. ●Connecting or disconnecting the connectors. ！Caution Failure to abide by the following precautions could lead to faulty operation △ of the PLC or the system, or could damage the PLC or PLC Units. Always heed these precautions.
英语复习资料+中文翻译
Unit1 Passage A 4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary 1.The group elected one of its members to be their spokesperson. 小组选出他们的一名成员以作他们的代言人 2.Wage increases are being kept to a(n) minimum in many companies because of the economic depression. 由于经济不景气,在许多公司里工资增长被保持最低。 3.The engineering profession now has many distinct branches. 工程专业现在有许多突出的分支机构 4. Now that you're 13 you should have more sense of responsibility. 现在你十三岁了你应该有更多的责任感 5.Students usually pursue one or more of the subjects which they have studied at "A" level, such as Art, Drama, English, Music, etc. 学生们通常追求的一个或多个学科,在他们已研究过的水平,如艺术、戏剧、英语、音乐等 6.We need to make sure that we exploit our resources as fully as possible. 我们应该确使我们尽可能充分地利用资源 7. Congress is considering measures to restrict the sale of cigarettes. 国会正在考虑采取措施限制出售香烟 8. College courses should be designed to equip students with knowledge and skills to help them survive in modern society. 大学课程的设计应使学生具备知识和技能,以帮助它们在现代社会生存 9. The local government granted $1.1 million so that the old theatre could be taken down and rebuilt. 当地政府提供赠款110万美元使旧剧院可以重建。 10.For his achievement in the medical field, the Mayor awarded him a medal of merit. 对他的成就在医疗领域,市长授予他一枚奖章可取的地方 1.elected（选举） 2.minimum（至少，最少量） 3.distinct,（分开，分支） 4.responsibility,（负责） 5.pursue （追求，继续） 6.exploit（开发） 7.restrict（限制） 8.equip（使具备） 9.granted（授予，补助金）10.awarded （奖品） https://www.360docs.net/doc/0c19463969.html,plete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage 1.The organization provides information on health issues to the public at large 该组织提供信息对整个公众的健康问题作出了重要的贡献 2.On the basis of what the Minister says, we will learn whether the Government's thinking has advanced. 在此基础上的部长说,我们将学习到政府是否的思想已前进。 3. I'd like to say a word or two in support of his proposal. 我想说两句话来支持他的提议。 4. In response to your advertisement in the Bedfordshire Reporter, I am writing to apply for the post of secretary. 在回应你的广告,我现在正在写英国记者申请担任秘书。 5. Our company is aiming at a 50% increase in production this year. 本公司以生产今年增加50%。 1.at large,（整个） 2.on the basis of（在……基础上） 3.in support of,（支持） 4.apply for,（回应） 5.is aiming at（增加）
英语翻译资料
英语翻译资料 Try your hands(小试牛刀) ●不同的人喜欢不同的音乐。 ●老年人喜欢古典音乐，年轻人喜欢流行音乐。 ● 1. Different people like different music. ● 2. The old like classical music. ● 3. The young like popular music. ●思考: 重复的表达是什么？话题是人还是音乐？ ●People’s music preferences vary a lot. Classical music appeals to the elderly; whereas popular music caters to the young. Variations for “喜欢” ●like ●enjoy ●prefer ●favor ●be in favor of ●be fond of ●be crazy about ●be keen on …… ●to one’s taste ●cater to ●appeal to Variations for “我认为” ●I think…? ●I believe/ argue/ insist/ claim/maintain/hold/ deem/ As I see it,/ In my opinion,/ From my point of view,/ As to me,/ As for me,/ As regards me,/ When it comes to me,/As far as I am concerned,… Homework: variations ●我们必须（应该） ●We should (must, have to……） ●We are supposed to do sth. ●We are obliged to do sth. ●We are compelled (forced) to do sth. ●Necessity compels us to do sth. ●It is necessary for us to do sth. ●It is essential (primary) for us to do sth. ●It is our task (duty, job) for us to do sth. ●It is advisable for us to do sth. Unit 1: Text A 4 1. Concentrate! Top students allow no interruptions of their study time. Once the books are open, phone calls go unanswered, TV unwatched and newspapers unread. “This doesn’t mean ignoring important things in your life,” Amanda explains. “It means planning your study time so
英文文献及翻译
Geotextile reinforced by soft soil 1. Introduction Geotextile known, it has high tensile strength, durability, corrosion resistance, texture, flexibility, combined with good sand, to form reinforced composite foundation, effectively increase the shear strength , tensile properties, and enhance the integrity and continuity of soil. Strengthening mechanism for the early 60's in the 20th century, Henri Vidal on the use of triaxial tests found a small amount of fiber in the sand, the soil shear strength can improve the image of more than 4 times in recent years, China's rock Laboratory workers also proved in the reinforced sand can effectively improve the soil's bearing capacity, reduce the vertical ground settlement, effectively overcome the poor soil and continuity of overall poor performance. As with the above properties of reinforced soil and the characteristics of its low price, so the project has broad application prospects. 2.1 Project Overview The proposed retaining wall using rubble retaining wall of gravity, the wall is 6 meters high, the bearing capacity of foundation soil required to 250kPa, while the basement geology from the top down as follows: ①clay to a thickness of 0.7 to 2 meters saturated, soft plastic; ② muddy soil, about 22 - 24 meters thick, saturated, mainly plastic flow, local soft plastic; ③ sand layer to a thickness of 5 to 10 meters, containing silty soil and organic matter, saturated, slightly wet; ④ gravel layer, the thickness of the uneven distribution points, about 0 to 2.2 meters, slightly dense; ⑤ weathered sandstone. Including clay and silty soil bearing capacity is 70kPa, obviously do foundation reinforcement. 2.2 Enhanced Treatment of reinforced foundation cushion Reinforcement replacement method can be used for sand and gravel used for
英语课外英文阅读材料带中文翻译
英语课外英文阅读材料带中文翻译 小学与初中看的英语阅读材料是不同的，先不说其它，就说难度，很明显的，在初中时期，我们选择的英语阅读材料要比小学时期要难得多。今天小编给大家带来英语课外英文阅读材料，希望大家喜欢并且能够有所收获。 英语课外英文阅读材料(一) 眼睛会说话 Much meaning can be conveyed, clearly, with oureyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak. Do you have such kind of experience? In a bus youmay look at stranger, but not too long. And if he issensing that he is being stared at, he may feeluncomfortable. The same in daily life. If you are looked at for morethan necessary, you will look at yourself up and down, to see if there is anything wrong withyou. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel angry toward other’s stare with you that way. Eyes dospeak, right? Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive. But things are differentwhen it comes to stare at the opposite sex. If a man glances at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to avert his gaze, his intentions are obvious, that is, he wishes to attracther attention, to make her understand that he is admiring her. However, the normal eye contact for two people engaged in conversation is that the speakerwill only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does payattention to what the former is speaking, As for the listener, he will,to a certain extent,lookcontinously at the speaker to tell him that he is attentive.
(完整版)新能源汽车英文资料翻译
New energy vehicles New energy vehicles is a new automotive product type, because the development time is not long, the technology is still not mature, so has not yet formed a widely accepted concept, but it certainly is new energy automobile is compared to the traditional fuel vehicles, the new energy vehicles, according to the definition of the scope of the concept size, there are two types of narrow and broad statement.Generalized: used in gasoline and diesel oil as power source of the car.Special: a non conventional vehicle fuel as the advanced technology of powercontrol and drive, the formation of technology has advanced principle, new technology, new structure of automobile.New energy vehicles, including fuel cell cars, hybrid cars, hydrogen powered cars and solar car etc..Hybrid electric vehicle is a vehicle equipped with more than two source:battery, fuel cell, solar cell,Turbine locomotive.The current hybrid vehicles generally refers to the diesel generator, plus battery cars. Advantages:Vehicle starting and stopping, driven only by the battery, do not reach a certain speed,The engine will not work, therefore, can make the engine has been maintained in the best condition, good dynamic performance, very low emissions, and the source and power are the engine, gas can only. Its principle is simply the motor and engine the reasonable arrangement of power output machine. Disadvantages:There are two sets of power,Management control system plus two sets of dynamic,Complex structure,Difficult,The price is high and long distance speed is not fuel-efficient.Pure electric vehicle is composed entirely of rechargeable battery (such as lead-acid batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries or lithium ion batteries provide power source for car).Pure electric vehicle motor fuel to replace machine, low noise, no pollution,and by the use of electrical energy single, electric control system of hybrid electric vehicle is greatly simplified compared. Reduces the cost, the price also can compensate the battery. Pure electric vehicle is mainly used for the airport, community, courts and other places. Disadvantages: only in certain range, the market is smaller. The main reason is because of various categories, the prevailing prices high, life is short, the size and weight of the large, long charging time, serious shortcomings.Fuel cell vehicles refers to the hydrogen, methanol as the fuel, the current through the chemical reaction, depending on the electric motor driven vehicles. The battery power is through the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, rather than through the combustion, directly into electrical energy.The chemical reaction process of fuel cell does not produce harmful products,therefore the fuel cell vehicle is a car without pollution, energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell of high 2 ~ 3 times than the internal combustion engine, so the use of environmental protection and energy, fuel cell vehiclesand is an ideal vehicle.Household car is more and more, oil prices more and more expensive, every car company began to research and development of new energy vehicles.
英文文献及翻译
Talk about modern book design Books are essential to life, is the spirit of human knowledge dissemination of grain, accumulation and development are necessary tools. Records of history books only, science, culture, and promote the popularization of human society material civilization and spiritual civilization development. Books are so important, therefore, is installed * books are of vital significance. Book as art design is an important subject in the 20th century, along with the development of modern science and technology culture more professional. Especially since nearly 30 years, science and technology, the rapid development of economy, consumption level, and improve sales and related technology and changing greatly progress, all these materials in the objective of the modern book greatly promoted the rapid development. Modern book design no longer stay "picture books or" phase, has generally designed to promote overall design ", "or". Six years of international art exhibition in leipzig books prize for the four books: (1) the standard parts such as the book covers, HuanChen, jacket, page layout, catalogue, and illustrations and font, to achieve aesthetics in harmony. 2) design (form and content of books (3) unified. The highest art. (4) the highest quality (technical quality. These standards will book design is the essence of the content, as well as on the specific design books. Books are complex by various factors, books and show their special design of the system. Therefore, the book design process is comprehensive, the overall design, the design is increasingly wide areas. Human civilization in the various cultural form must always belonged to the root of social economy, economy plays an important role in modern book is directly reflects this point. Modern book design due to the progress of the society, the development of science and technology and the sales of modern consumption, books, and the development of modern technology, material, design for the book has laid a solid foundation. Consumer is installed * design books direct service object. Good liquidity sales is book design objective test. But certain technology/process and material is book design necessary material means. Book design service object, sales, good fluidity and technology development inevitable fundamentally in book design itself. Therefore, the study of modern book design can only stay in shape and color of the cover design of elaboration, font, and shall put the long-term, in recognizing the current situation, there is a kind
全新版(第二版)第一册Unit1 TEXT A Writing for Myself 课文及翻译doc资料
Unit1 Writing for Myself 为自己而写 1.The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I've been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write. 从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。 2.When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness and inability to inspire. He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim.He wore primly severe eyeglasses, his wavy hair was primly cut and primly combed. He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar buttons of his white shirts. He had a primly pointed jaw, a primly straight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that he seemed a comic antique. 弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的套装，领带端端正正地顶着白衬衣的领扣。他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。 3.I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed. Late in the year we tackled the informal essay. Mr. Fleagle distributed a homework sheet offering us a choice of topics. None was quite so simple-minded as "What I Did on My Summer Vacation," but most seemed to be almost as dull. I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa, I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. The topic on which my eye stopped was "The Art of Eating Spaghetti". 我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出所料。后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题目供我们选择。像"暑假二三事"那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数一样乏味。我把作文题带回家，一直没写，直到要交作业的前一天晚上。我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗一看。我的目光落在"吃意大利细面条的艺术"这个题目上。 4.This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table - Uncle Allen, my mother, Uncle Charlie, Doris, Uncle Hal - and Aunt Pat served spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was still a little known foreign dish in those days. Neither Doris nor I had ever eaten spaghetti, and