被动语态的特殊结构 2013 01 02
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结高中英语知识点归纳:被动语态的构成和用法总结被动语态是英语语法中的一种语态形式,用来表示动作的承受者与执行者的关系。
在被动语态中,句子的主语是动作的承受者,而动作的执行者通常被省略或放在介词“by”后。
在本篇文章中,我们将对高中英语中被动语态的构成和用法进行归纳总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成通常有以下几个要素:主语 + be动词 + 过去分词。
1. 主语(Subject):被动语态的主语是动作的承受者,通常是句子中的宾语。
2. be动词(Auxiliary verb):be动词根据句子的时态、人称和数进行变化,代表不同的情况,包括am/is/are(was/were)。
3. 过去分词(Past participle):过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常表示动作的完成或被动。
下面是一些例子,展示了被动语态在不同时态和人称中的构成形式:时态 | 构成形式-----------------一般现在时 | am/is/are + 过去分词一般过去时 | was/were + 过去分词一般将来时 | will be + 过去分词现在进行时 | am/is/are + being + 过去分词过去进行时 | was/were + being + 过去分词现在完成时 | have/has been + 过去分词过去完成时 | had been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中有着广泛的应用。
以下是几种常见的使用情况:1. 强调动作的承受者:被动语态可以突出句子中动作的承受者,使其成为句子的主要焦点。
例如:- The house was destroyed by the earthquake.(房子被地震摧毁了。
) - The book was written by a famous author.(这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
)2. 描述客观事实:当注重描述客观事实时,被动语态可以更加准确地传达信息。
被动语态的构成与用法

被动语态的构成与用法被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念之一,它用来表达动作的承受者是谁,而不是由谁来执行。
被动语态的构成相对简单,但在实际运用时有一些需要注意的规则。
本文将详细介绍被动语态的构成和用法。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成主要由以下两部分组成:助动词be的各种时态形式 + 过去分词。
具体的构成规则如下:1. 现在时态的被动语态构成:am/is/are + 过去分词例如:- The book is written by a famous author.(这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
)- The essay is being corrected by the teacher.(这篇文章正在被老师批改。
)2. 过去时态的被动语态构成:was/were + 过去分词例如:- The house was built many years ago.(这所房子在很多年前建造的。
)- The cake was eaten by the children.(蛋糕被孩子们吃掉了。
)3. 将来时态的被动语态构成:will be + 过去分词- The package will be delivered tomorrow.(这个包裹明天将被送到。
)- The decision will be made by the committee.(这个决定将由委员会作出。
)4. 完成时态的被动语态构成:have/has been + 过去分词例如:- The report has been submitted to the manager.(这份报告已经提交给经理了。
)- The work will have been finished by next week.(这项工作到下周将已经完成。
)二、被动语态的用法被动语态的用法主要体现在以下几个方面:1. 强调动作承受者:当句子的重点在强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时,常常使用被动语态。
各种时态的被动语态构成

各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时: S + am/is /are +Vpp 一般过去时: S + was/were +Vpp 一般将来时: S+ will/shall/is going to+be+ Vpp 过去将来时: S+would+be +Vpp现在进行时: S+ am/is/are + being + Vpp过去进行时: S+ was/were + being+ Vpp现在完成时: S+ have/has + been+ Vpp 过去完成时: S +had +been + Vpp情态动词: S+ can/may/must/should + be+ Vpp1.watch / let / have / hear/ see /notice/help sb + V. 用于被动语态时,to 还原。
2.只有及物动词才有被动语态,不及物动词则没有被动语态。
但有些不及物动词后面跟上介词或副词后,变成一个动词短语,相当于一个及物动词,就可以形成被动语态。
3. 没有被动语态的词,表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式,另外,像happen = take place, break out(爆发),break down(坏了) result from(缘于),belong to, consist of等只用主动语态,而不用被动语态4. 大多数系动词:be , feel (摸起来),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),look(看起来),等词无被动语态,它们的主动形式表示被动意义。
5. 被动语态中,修饰动词的副词放在be形式之后,本身与动词构成词组的位置不变。
E.g. a. The baby is well looked after by the man. / The baby is well taken care of by the man. b. The film is thought highly of by these people.1. (10年高考I 32题)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ____ . A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made2. (10年高考II15题)Linda, make sure that the tables ___ before the guests arrive.A. be setB. setC. are setD. are setting3. (09年高考I 26题)His sister left home in 1998, and ____ since.A. had not been heard ofB. has not been heard ofC. had not heard ofD. has not heard of4. (09年高考II 8题)Progress ____ so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be5. (08年高考I 9题)The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front ___ to arrive.A. is expectedB. is expectingC. expectsD. will be expected6. (07年高考I 35题) The flowers were so lovely that they _____ in no time.A. soldB. had been soldC. were soldD. would sell7. (06年高考I 29题) The water _____ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.A. was feltB. is feltC. feltD. feels8.(06年高考II 31题) Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _____ yesterday.A. was happeningB. was happenedC. had happenedD. happened9. (05年高考I 33题) The hero’s story _____ differently in the newspapers.A. was reportedB. was reportingC. reportsD. reported10. (04年高考I 28题) Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to ____ before theparty. A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 11. (04年高考II 34题) According to the art dealer, the painting ____ to go for at least amillion dollars. A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting12. (04年高考III 25题) --- The window is dirty. ----- I know. It ____ for weeks.A. hasn’t cleanedB. didn’t cleanC. wasn’t cleanedD. hasn’t been cleaned13. (03年高考30题) Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will ___ fresh for severaldays. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed14. All those old buildings ______ down tomorrow.A. will be knockedB. will knockC. will have knockedD. knock15. Every possible means ___ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.A. is usedB. are usedC. has been usedD. have been used16. It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.A. designedB. has been designedC. will be designedD. will have been designed17. Selecting a mobile phone for use is no easy task because technology _____ so rapidly.A. is changingB. has changedC. will have changedD. will change18. They ___ day and night.A. are made workB. are made to workC. made to be workedD. are making to work19. Dinosaurs ____ about 65 million years ago.A. were disappearedB. are disappearedC. disappearedD. disappear20.The dog ____ the big tree, or it’ll run away.A. has to tie itB. must be tied onC. should tie toD. should be tied to21. - __ the sports meet might be put off. - Yes, it all depends on the weather.A. I’ve been toldB. I’ve toldC. I’m toldD. I told22. It is said that pandas _____ in our country year after year.A. are being disappearedB. are disappearingC. will be disappearedD. will disappear23. The accident ______ last week.A. was happenedB. happenedC. is happenedD. are happened24. His Selected Poems _______ in 1970.A. were publishedB. was publishedC. is publishedD. has been published25. That big room _____ for meetings.A. usesB. shall useC. is usingD. can be used26. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______ eachyear. A. is washing away B. is being washed awayC. are washing awayD. are being washed away27. The radar sets _____ for a long time without any trouble.A. have been runningB. have been runC. have runD. were running28. Do you remember _____ to Dr. Henry during your last visit?A. to be introducedB. being introducedC. having introducedD. to have introducedII. 单句改错:1. Many new buildings were built since 2000.2. Look! A frog is swallowed by a snake over there.3. Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.4. This book is worth being read.5. The baby is being taken care by the parents.6. The boy was made stay at home doing his homework.。
被动语态的构成与用法

被动语态的构成与用法被动语态又称为动词的被动形式,指主语是动作的承受者或受事者。
在被动语态中,动作的执行者通常不明确或者不重要。
被动语态的构成和用法对于英语学习者来说是一个重要的知识点。
本文将详细介绍被动语态的构成和用法,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成一般是由"be"动词的不同形式(如am, is, are, was, were, has been, have been等)加上及物动词的过去分词形式构成。
1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成:被动语态的一般现在时构成为:am/is/are + 过去分词。
例如:- 主动语态:They sell tickets for the concert.- 被动语态:Tickets are sold for the concert.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成:被动语态的一般过去时构成为:was/were + 过去分词。
例如:- 主动语态:She wrote a letter yesterday.- 被动语态:A letter was written by her yesterday.3. 现在进行时的被动语态构成:被动语态的现在进行时构成为:am/is/are + being + 过去分词。
例如:- 主动语态:He is painting the wall.- 被动语态:The wall is being painted by him.4. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:被动语态的现在完成时构成为:has/have been + 过去分词。
例如:- 主动语态:They have built a new bridge.- 被动语态:A new bridge has been built by them.5. 过去进行时的被动语态构成:被动语态的过去进行时构成为:was/were being + 过去分词。
例如:- 主动语态:She was cooking dinner at 6 o'clock yesterday.- 被动语态:Dinner was being cooked by her at 6 o'clock yesterday.二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者:被动语态的使用能够突出动作的承受者或受事者,使其成为句子的重点。
被动语态的构成与用法

被动语态的构成与用法时间过得真快,想要了解被动语态的构成的小伙伴赶紧来看看吧!下面由小编为你精心准备了“被动语态的构成与用法”,本文仅供参考,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的知识点!被动语态的构成与用法被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be 有人称、时态和数的变化。
被动语态的用法有哪些一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1)am/is/are done (过去分词)一般现在时。
2)has /have been done 现在完成时。
3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时。
4)was/were done 一般过去时。
5)had been done 过去完成时。
6)was/were being done 过去进行时。
7)shall/will be done 一般将来时。
8)should/would be done 过去将来时。
9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)。
2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为:情态动词be过去分词。
2)有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
3)当“动词宾语宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。
4)在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。
5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词介词”,“动词副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。
被动语态结构

被动语态结构被动语态结构是一种语言结构,通常用于描述和表达动作的状态、结果或受害者的存在。
它的主要特点是受害者一般在句子的主语位置,而动作做者可能出现在句子中也可能不出现,有时甚至暗示出动作做者,它表示的是一种对动作有所反应,而非自发地行为。
被动语态结构的组成被动语态结构由三个主要部分组成,即:被动助动词、及物动词和宾语。
被动助动词通常是“be”,如“is”、“am”、“are”、“was”、“were”等,及物动词是在被动句中描述动作的动词,宾语是指被动句中的受害者。
被动语态的用法被动语态的用法可分为三种:实义被动语态、虚拟被动语态和双重被动语态。
实义被动语态是指句子中表示一种实际存在,已经发生或正在发生的动作。
例如:The house was built three years ago.(这座房子三年前就建成了)虚拟被动语态是指句子中表示一种假设的,未发生的动作,常跟“should”、“would”、“might”等表示假设的助动词搭配使用,使句子表示某种假设。
例如:The house should be built next year.(这座房子明年应该建成)双重被动语态是指用两次被动结构来表示句子的主语,可以来替代一次被动结构,来表示句子的主语。
例如:The house is being builtnow.(这座房子现在正在建设中)被动语态中的被动语汇在英语中,被动语汇一般包括及物动词、介词和动名词,以及形容词、副词和名词等。
及物动词的被动语汇是指及物动词的被动形式,如:build(建造)的被动形式:be built(被建造)。
介词的被动语汇是指介词的被动形式,如:in(在……里)的被动形式:be in(在……里被……)。
动名词的被动语汇是指动名词的被动形式,如:build (建造)的被动形式:be built(被建造)。
形容词的被动语汇是指形容词的被动形式,如:strong(强壮的)的被动形式:be strong (被强壮)。
被动语态的构成

被动语态的构成被动语态是英语语法中常用的一种句式结构。
它用来表达主语是动作的接受者,而非执行者的情况。
被动语态由"be"动词的不同形式配合主动语态的过去分词构成。
本文将介绍被动语态的构成及其用法。
1. 被动语态的构成方式被动语态的构成由以下几个要素组成:1.1 "be"动词的形式:根据谓语动词的时态和语态,选择适当的"be"动词形式。
例如,一般现在时使用"is/am/are",一般过去时使用"was/were",现在完成时使用"has/have been"等。
1.2 谓语动词的过去分词:使用动词的过去分词形式作为被动语态的核心。
过去分词的形式有规律变化和不规律变化两种。
大多数动词的过去分词形式是在动词原形后面加上"-ed",例如:"worked","played"。
不规律变化的过去分词形式需单独记忆,例如:"written","taken"。
1.3 主动语态中的宾语:在主动语态中作为宾语的人或事物成为被动语态中的主语,放在被动语态句子的前面。
2. 被动语态的用法被动语态在实际表达中有多种用法,下面列举了几个常见的用法:2.1 强调动作的承受者:通过使用被动语态,可以将动作的承受者放在句子的前面,以达到强调的效果。
例如:"The new product was developed by our team."(新产品是我们团队开发的。
)2.2 描述客观事实:当我们不关心或不知道动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态来描述客观事实。
例如:"The book was translated into multiple languages."(这本书已经被翻译成多种语言。
被动语态理解被动语态的结构和用法

被动语态理解被动语态的结构和用法被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念,用于描述句子中的动作或状态受到其他主体的影响。
相较于主动语态,被动语态更加常用于强调受动者或者不确定或不重要的动作主体。
本文将介绍被动语态的结构和用法,帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。
一、被动语态的结构被动语态的结构主要由be动词和过去分词构成,其中的be动词用来表示时态,过去分词则表示动作或状态的完成。
根据不同的时态,被动语态的结构可以有所变化。
下面以不同时态举例说明:1. 现在时态:am/is/are + 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:They clean the house every week.- 被动语态:The house is cleaned every week.2. 过去时态:was/were + 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:She cooked dinner yesterday.- 被动语态:Dinner was cooked yesterday.3. 将来时态:will be + 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:They will finish the project tomorrow.- 被动语态:The project will be finished tomorrow.4. 现在完成时态:has/have been + 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:He has written three books.- 被动语态:Three books have been written.需要注意的是,如果原主语是人称代词(如I, you, he, she, it, we, they),那么被动语态的结构中可以省略be动词中的is/am/are/was/were部分,并将过去分词放在人称代词之后。
二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中的使用相对频繁,可以用于多种情况下。
1. 强调受动者:被动语态常常用来强调受动者,即动作或状态的承受者。
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被动语态的特殊结构
★与很多种“时态”不同的是,英语中只有两种语态,即主动语态和被动语态。
★尽管被动语态的基本结构为“be + V-ed”,但是并非只有“be + V-ed”能表达被动,例如“get + V-ed”也可以表达被动。
同时,也并不是所有的“be + V-ed”结构都表达被动,有些V-ed已经形容词化了,此时“主语+ be + V-ed”是“主+ 系+ 表”结构,V-ed说明主语的特征或所处状态。
常用的特殊句式,短语或词组如下:
1、“get + V-ed”型被动语态
sb get killed sth get stolen sb get injured sb get lost
??
2、“be + V-ed + prep”一般理解为“某人对…感到…”或“某人因…而感到…”
be amazed at/by be surprised at/by be shocked at/by be astonished at/by be interested in be satisfied with be pleased with be excited about
be tired of be bored with be
be surrounded with be covered with be decorated with
be made in be made of be made from be made up of
be born in be born on be born into / to
be lost in be absorbed in be buried in
be considered as be regarded as be seen as
3、主语+ 半系动词+ adv / adj / 数量词
The cloth washes well. The pen writes well. The book sells well.
The music sounds beautiful. The soup tastes delicious. The girl looks beautiful
The satellite weighs 10 tones. The tree measure 90 meters. The jacket costs 150 yuan.
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4、在一些短语中或句型中,一般用来表达主动的V-ing此时表达被动含义
The famous book is worth reading twice.
The broken radio needs repairing.
The careless driver was to blame for the traffic accident.
5、it be + V-ed that 主语……It is said that Tom has finished all his tasks.
主语be + V-ed to do Tom is said to have finished all his tasks.
It is reported that
It is widely believed that
be expected to be supposed to。