2014考研英语翻译 直击要点轻松拿下分值
2014年考研英语大纲 翻译考点剖析
2014年考研英语大纲翻译考点剖析针对考研翻译这个模块，2014年的考研大纲中没有任何变化，考生完全可以按照原来的步骤复习。
考研翻译考点如下：1.词汇层面个别词在具体语境中的翻译（尤其是名词、动词、形容词）；代词；专有术语（人名、地名、机构名称）；考研教育\网2.句法方面定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）3.被动语态4.特殊结构倒装结构、强调结构、插入结构、比较结构、否定结构、并列结构、省略结构等在前期的复习过程中，我们发现同学们要想拿到这个满分10分，还是具有一些难度的。
针对拆分后的每个分句（通过一定时间的练习，大家对拆分都有了一定的把控，基本上能把一个复杂的句子按照采分点分成2个，3个或四个分句），但是拆分完了如何组合，对于部分学生来说就是弱点了，因为拆分涉及到每个分句个别词的翻译是否准确到位，再就是针对各个分句如何来排序使之更加符合汉语表达习惯。
通过观察学生的译文我们发现学生的主要弱点是不擅长或者没有意识通过语境去调整词的意思。
很多学生自认为自己的译文已经很好了，但是一对照参考译文觉得自己的译文一塌糊涂。
这是正常现象，翻译的重点就是考察学生通过具体语境确定具体词义的能力。
但是意识到自己的问题在今后的练习中多加注意，在老师的正确引导下，相信这个10分题型拿到令人满意的分值（一般学生拿到5-6分，复习较好的学生可以拿到8-9分）是大有希望的。
另外，建议大家把十年真题中所有划线部分的句子背下来，背这些句子的好处第一有利于你写作，第二把这些长难句背下来大家对英语的结构、英语的叙事顺序和英语和汉语的差别都会有一定得感觉。
翻译这部分还是以真题为主。
翻译对于英语（二）的同学与英语（一）的同学有点差异，英语（一）主要是翻译五个句子，都是比较长比较难的句子。
英语（二）比较简单，是一个段落，一个段落肯定有难的也有简单的，不可能都是难句长句，简单句比较好处理。
英语（二）的复习资料比较少，就是把英语（一）近十年的完形填空的空填回去，用形填空作为一个翻译的材料进行英译汉，基本能够满足英语（二）的需求。
2014考研英语翻译高分复习指导策略(精)
2014考研英语翻译高分复习指导策略随着2014考研英语大纲新鲜出炉,2014年研究生入学考试即将进入百日倒计时。
为帮助各位考生在之后阶段备考,万学海文公共课教研中心组织老师们对考研各科、各模块精细分析,为考生提供高效备考策略。
在此,主要对考研英语翻译部分进行分析和给出学法指导。
一、查漏补缺词汇:考研英语大纲要求5500词汇,之前考生应该已完成2遍以上复习,本阶段需要用1个月时间左右结合2014考研大纲词汇,把这5500词进行梳理,尤其是基础词汇和核心词汇,如果仍有漏洞请务必补充。
尤其注意那些眼熟却不能立刻准确说出意思的单词(因为他们往往是考研高频词汇。
如果基础较弱或进度较慢同学,可以基础词汇和核心词汇为主复习;其他同学尽量对这5500词都可以掌握。
翻译不同于阅读或者其他题目,同学们不仅要对某个单词意思有大概了解,更要精确表达出来,因此这个阶段的复习中,要加强单词意思准确度。
除了之前一直强调的一词多义、熟词生意,也要注意词组的积累。
语法:考研翻译对语法常考点如下:句子主干和修饰成分的辨别;核心名词与修饰成分的辨别;三大从句(名词性从句、定语从句及状语从句;特殊结构(强调结构、倒装结构、省略结构、并列结构、比较结构等;it作形式主语。
考生可以根据自己情况,来对这些语法点有选择性、有重点性复习。
不仅要复习某个语法点,更要在翻译中巩固该语法点的考查方式。
例如《考研语法特训手册》课后提供的训练题目,或者《钻石卡学员I阶段讲义》语法部分分语法点整理的句子练习,或者其他相似材料。
二、"充分理解"到"准确表达"的华丽转身通过基础阶段阅读训练,相信不少考生已经具备了理解文章的能力,对上下文中把握词义,理解句子关系已经有了一定自信。
但是进入这个阶段,对于翻译,开始要动笔译出了。
开始训练阶段,译文译出后再修改,到后来就需要一次成型,只作微调,避免涂改,保持卷面干净整洁。
需要注意以下几点1.表达符合汉语习惯通过给钻石卡学员的日常答疑,发现个别同学译出的文章句不成句。
名师指导：教你如何轻松拿下考研英语翻译题
名师指导：教你如何轻松拿下考研英语翻译题在考研英语中，如果让考生们选择放弃一个题型，相信大部分的同学都会毫不犹豫的选择翻译题。
究其原因，不外乎一下理由，一是分值比较小，只有十分；二是考察的面比较广，也是相对难度比较大的题型。
而大部分的考生在基础方面都比较薄弱，在复习过程中也没有很重视基础环节，同时由于各种原因而在复习过程中也将这部分内容淡化，结果就导致了很多考生在对翻译题的时候一筹莫展、望而却步。
在正式面对考研题目的时候，可能因为试题难度加大、时间紧迫，结果就导致了很多考生放弃了这一题型。
怎么才能很好的解决这一方面的难题呢，下面就为广大考生讲解一下。
大致来讲，翻译不外乎就是考察考生对英语理解和汉语表达的能力。
在考研英语中，翻译其实跟阅读理解有很大的联系，为了更加符合英语考核的测试规律，其设题都是要突出上下文语境，因此，在做题之前，一定要对全文进行一次整体的阅读，准确理解句子含义。
汉语表达能力，说白了，翻译就是考察学生对英语汉语词汇、语法和意群等进行编码和再编码的过程，所以，考生的汉语表达不仅要准确通顺，同时还要考虑到上下文衔接，通过全文来准确理解汉语的意思。
想要提高考生应对翻译题的能力，就是提高考试英语理解和汉语表达的能力。
如何才能有效的提高这方面的能力呢？同学们可以从以下几点进行加强。
语序调换准确表达英文的意思表达有多都是跟汉语不同的，为了能够更加准确的表达其意思，很多时候都要根据汉语习惯改变原文顺序，做到准确、通顺地表达原文句子的含义。
将原来的英文句子顺序打乱，进行重新调整与组合，这样改写后的汉语句子才能更加准确表达原句各个成分之间的逻辑联系，同时又能照顾到汉语的思维与表达习惯。
另外还有一点，为了正确表达句子的整体含义，通常就需要弄清句子中哪些是主干，哪些是修饰，它们之间有什么逻辑关系，来使汉语表达更加通顺流畅。
把握结构理解单句考研翻译多是对结构比较复杂的英语文字材料进行考查，例如英语的长难句，拆分句子结构等。
2014考研英语翻译满分法宝
2014考研英语翻译满分法宝考研(微博)英语翻译提醒的考察重在语句理解和语法运用，这种提醒不是只的有一定的词汇的量就可以做到满分的效果，同样需要同学们多加练习。
平时可以把考研阅读中的长难句拿出来翻译，提高一些动手能力。
这样长时间的积累很在很大程度上提高同学们翻译的能力，下面太奇考研英语辅导老师总结了翻译应对策略，希望能够对同学们有所帮助。
首先有两点：1、英语翻译的正确率在于英语语法的熟练运用，英语语法的运用重在理解英语的语法结构、逻辑结构。
2、避免中式翻译英语，站在美式思维的角度来适当的调整翻译思维。
一、理解原句将句子切分进行简化分析(1)主干与修饰成分要分开(2)主句与从句要分开(3)并列成分要分开(4)不定式的符号要分(5)过去分词和现在分词要分开(6)用标点符号进行拆分拆分句子：(1)句子的主干是：Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry;(2)定语从句：which后面是一个定语从句，其先行词是social science;(3)方式状语：in the same reasoned，orderly，systematic，and dispassioned manner 是方式状语。
其中的reasoned，orderly，systematic，and dispassioned是并列定语，修饰manner;(4)定语从句：that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena是定语从句，其先行词是manner;(5)拆分后句子的总结构是：Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry(主干) which seeks to study humans and their endeavors(定语从句) in the same reasoned，orderly，systematic，and dispassioned manner(方式状语) that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.(定语从句)二、直译、只加不减原则1、直译不符合汉语习惯的时候，要意译。
2014考研英语备考方法：做好翻译题的最佳捷径
2014考研英语备考方法：做好翻译题的最佳捷径考研是一个极具选拔性和自学性的考试，在学习中必须具备良好的心态和策略，这是成功的保证。
英语卷面分为基础型题目(完型和翻译)和技巧性题目(阅读和作文)，英语基础好的学员大约花5-6个月时间，稍差的学员花6-8个月甚至更长的时间，每天保证英语学习时间为3-4小时能达到预期目标。
英语学习必须有连贯性，要合理安排时间。
前期把基础打好，中期进行专项训练，后期进行技巧培训。
作为一项复杂的脑力劳动，翻译有时比创作都难，常常让人觉得绞尽脑汁仍难以满意。
任何做翻译的人，恐怕都会有过“两句三年得，一吟双泪流”的感慨。
但是，对于考研的学生来说，要在高度紧张的十几分钟内阅读一篇400词的文章并翻译大概150词(5句话)，是没有足够的时间和精力来字斟句酌的。
许多考生都觉得：在做翻译时，理解英语已不容易，要用中文表达更是困难。
那么，如何才能在考研英语考试中正确地理解英文并将其“准确、通顺、完整”地表达成地道的中文呢?我们认为，对于参加考研的学生来说，除了增加自己的词汇量和文化知识储备之外，还要努力学习一些有关英语句型结构方面的基本知识，这是因为任何英译汉的翻译方法和技巧都是基于对英语句子结构的正确分析和理解基础之上的。
任何脱离英语句子结构的翻译都不可能达到“准确、通顺、完整”的翻译标准。
所以，对于每位参加考研的考生来说，利用平时的时间认真研究英文的句型结构及其与汉语的区别是做好考研翻译题的最佳捷径，是以不变应万变的完全之策。
一、英语的基本句型(简单句)句子都是由一些词按照一定的顺序组成的，这种组合是有一定规律可循的。
研究表明，英语语句的规律性是非常明显的，它一般是以动词为核心的。
所以，按照英语中的动词的类型(五种，即：不及物动词、系动词、单宾动词、双宾动词和复合动词)可以把英语句型划分为五种基本的句型。
1.主语+不及物动词 (SV句型)【例句】 The girl is crying.【译法】可以直接顺译成汉语。
2014考研英语一真题试题及答案(翻译)
2014考研英语一真题试题及答案（翻译）Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music.46) It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. 47) By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. 48) Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring thedisorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. 50) One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.【句型分析】本句主句主干为it is the reason，why引导定语从句，修饰the reason。
2014考研英语二全文翻译答案超详解析
2014考研英语二全文翻译答案超详解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health.Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their facescovered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity, _18_in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity _19_.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign _20_ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured、【答案】B concluded【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。
2014考研英语阅读精析四
2014考研英语阅读精析四2014考研英语阅读精析四Unit2 学习能力Text 1正文It doesn’t come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can’t remember it. You just waste your valuable time. Maybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting.One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading. You remember better what you r ead when you know why you’re reading.Why does a clerk in a store go away and leave you when your reply to her offer to help is, “No, thank you. I’m just looking”? Both you and she know that if you aren’t sure what you want, you are not likely to find it. But suppose you say instead, “Yes, thank you. I want a pair of sun glasses.” She says, “Right this way, please.” And you and she are off -- both eager to look for exactly what you want.It’s quite the same with your studying. If you chose a book at random, “just looking” for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that -- nothing. But if you do know what you want, and if you have the right book, you are almost sure to get it. Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying “to find out more about”, “to understand the reasons for”, “to find out how”. A good student has a clear purpose or reason for what he is doing.This is the way it works. Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, “I want to know why StephenVincent Benet happened to write about America. I’m reading this article to find out.” Or, “I’m going to skim this story to see what life was like in medieval England.” Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better.Reading is not one single activity. At least two important processes go on at the same time. As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately. But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself as you react to what you read. You have a kind of mental conversation with the author. If you expressed your ideas orally, they might sound like this: “Yes, I agree. That’s my opinion too.” or “Ummmm, I thought that record was broken much earlier. I’d better check those dates,” or “But there are some other facts to be considered!” You don’t just sit there taking in ideas -- you do something else, and that something else is very important.This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes. In other words, a good reader is a critical reader. One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions. Facts can be checked by evidence. Opi nions are one’s own personal reactions.Another part of critical reading is judging sources. Still another part is drawing accurate inferences.Text 1习题1. If you cannot remember what you read or study, ________.[A] it is no surprise[B] it means you have not really learned anything[C] it means you have not chosen the right book[D] you realize it is of no importance2. Before you start reading, it is important ________.[A] to make sure why you are reading[B] to relate the information to your purpose[C] to remember what you read[D] to choose an interesting book3. Reading activity involves ________.[A] only two simultaneous processes[B] primarily learning about ideas and evaluating them critically[C] merely distinguishing between facts and opinions[D] mainly drawing accurate inferences4. A good reader is one who ________.[A] relates what he reads to his own knowledge about the subject matter[B] does lots of thinking in his reading[C] takes a critical attitude in his reading[D] is able to check the facts presented against what he has already knownText 1全文翻译如果你不能记住你所读或者所学的东西，那你读什么或学什么就无关紧要了，这一点毫不出奇。
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2014考研英语翻译直击要点轻松拿下分值
考研英语翻译题型是历年必考的题型，其实英语翻译能运用到英语试卷中的各个部分，都是看到英文单词很快在脑海中翻译出中文的意思以便答题，而试卷中的翻译部分由一篇400字左右的文章组成，其中划出5个句子，要求考生在30分钟内译完。
下面太奇考研英语辅导老师教给同学们当做翻译题型时怎样能很快找到解题方法。
同学们可以从以下几方面掌握解题思路：
1、了解原文，要翻译的文章是一个有机整体，都围绕着主旨展开。
因此必须先通读全文，了解文章整体内容，准确把握作者作者想要表达的主题思想。
注意通读不等于全读。
在此基础上，还需要认真分析画线部分与上下文之间的各种关系。
2、将直译的汉语进行润色加工，在准确理解画线部分英语句子的含义后，如何用通顺的汉语将其表达出来是关键。
表达是理解的结果，是把已经理解了的原作内容选择适当的译文重新表达出来。
由于两种语言存在着语言，语法以及表达方式上的差异，所以在翻译的时候必须做相应的调整和改变，使中文读者阅读译文时感到自然流畅。
3、随语境选词义，英语词汇的最大特点就是词汇意义随上下文的语境不断变化，因此，在考研英语翻译中，考生切忌随意照搬英文词典上的意思，而要根据上下文重新确定某些词汇的意义。
4、理清句子结构，英语是形合式语言，讲究形式逻辑的配合;汉语是意合式语言，讲究意义逻辑的配合。
理解英语句子首先要分析其语法结构，然后才能了解其意义;理解汉语句子则主要依赖各词语间意义的配合。
考研英语的翻译题目基本上都是长句，若考生理不清句子的内在形式逻辑--语法结构，便无法理解句子的意义。
在掌握解题思路的前提下，从以下技巧来进行翻译。
1、化长句为短句
英语多长句，汉语多短句。
一方面，是因为英语连词功能强大，可以将数个简单句连为一个复杂句;而汉语中的分句主要依靠标点符号(主要是逗号)连为复句。
另一方面，英语中的短语和短句有明显的形式之分，有谓语动词存在即为句子，反之即为短语，短语只能是句子的组成部分;而汉语的短语和短句有时界限模糊，可以将短语当短句使用，如“社会和谐”既可以说是一个“主语+谓语”的短句，也可以视为主谓短语。
这样，在英译汉时常常需要将英语长句截分为汉语短句，而截分点一般就是连词和短语。
如果句中有标点符号，标点符号也可以视为天然的截分点。
2、增补法。
英汉两种语言由于词法和句法经常存在一些差异，翻译时为了使译文为汉语服务，必要时，从词法语法方面需要考虑，在汉语译文里适当增补一些润滑的词语。
单纯词汇的增补往往是因为汉语英语单词的不对称性。
也就是说汉语词汇和英语直接并非一一对应。
句子成分的补充是因为英语里的某些省略不能在汉语里省略。
3、删减法。
由于英汉语言多方面的差异，英语中不可缺少的成分信息如果直译到汉语中去，会影响译文的简洁和通顺。
为了使译文更符合汉语的表达习惯，更具可读性，需要省略一些的多余的词语。
但必须不能改变英语原句的含义。
很多介词在短语中也经常省略。
比如，定冠词the如果不译成汉语的指示代词，在很多情况下可以省略。
4、反译法。
有些句子英语是从正面说的，汉语需要从反面来表达才更符合我们的习惯。
否定译成肯定。
英语中双重否定如果译成汉语双重否定就会不通顺，在这种情况下，我们需要将它译成肯定句。
例1：He never visited us but he brought us some gifts.
他每次来拜访我们都会带礼物。
例2：There is no rule that has no exception.
只要有规则，就有例外。
前重心向后移
西方人说话一般重心靠前，先表态，后说事实;中国人说话刚好相反，重心后置，先说事实，后表态。
如英语中的问候语“Nice to meet you”，其中nice是表态，to meet you 是事实;汉语一般会说“见到你很高兴!”，其中“见到你”是事实，“很高兴”是表态。
在翻译英语长句时，我们要注意将表示作者态度或观点的词放到句子后半部翻译。
例6：①There is no agreement ②whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. (1999年考研英语第74题)
译文：②所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中特有的概念，还是指历史探究中各个具体领域适用的研究手段，①人们对此意见不一。
解析：原文中①是表态，②是事实，汉语译文则要逆序翻译。