英汉篇章的翻译

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篇章翻译英译汉

篇章翻译英译汉

英译汉San Francisco“San Francisco, open your Golden Gate,” sang the girl in the theatre. She never1 finished her song. That date was 18th April,1906. The earth shook and the roof suddenly divided,buildings crashed2 to the ground and people rushed out into the streets. The dreadful earthquake destroyed the city that had grown up when men discovered gold in the deserts of California.3 But today the streets of San Francisco stretch over more than forty steep hills,rising like huge cliffs above the blue waters of the Pacific Ocean.The best way to see this splendid city,where Spanish people were the first to make their homes,is to take one of the old cable cars which run along the nine main avenues. Fares are cheap; they have not risen,I‟m told,for almost a hundred years.4You leave5 the palm trees in Union Square --- the heart of San Francisco --- and from the shop signs and the faces around you,you will notice that in the city live people from many nations --- Austrians,Italians,Chinese and others6 --- giving each part a special character. More Chinese live in China Town than in any other part of the world outside China.7 Here,with Chinese restaurants, Chinese post-boxes, and even odd telephone-boxes that look like pagodas,it is easy8 to feel you are in China itself.Fisherman‟s Wharf, a place all foreigners want to see,is at the end of the ride. You get out, pause perhaps to help the other travelers to swing the cable car on its turntable (a city custom),and then set out to find a table in one of9 the gay little restaurants beside the harbor. As you enjoy the fresh Pacific seafood you can admire the bright red paint of the Golden Gate Bridge in the harbor and watch the traffic crossing beneath the tall towers on its way to the pretty village of Tiberon .漫步旧金山“旧金山,敞开你的金门吧!”剧院里女歌手唱道,可惜她再也没能唱完1。

Unit 18 英汉篇章翻译(三).

Unit 18 英汉篇章翻译(三).

Unit 18 英汉篇章翻译(三)教学目的要求:了解如何使用各种技巧进行篇章的翻译。

初步了解语篇翻译的难点及其处理;通过对本文的翻译,了解翻译的艰辛,同时通过对主人公事迹的学习,加强学生的德育教育,寓德育教育于课堂教育中。

教学重点:把握在语篇翻译中使用各种翻译技巧,了解语篇翻译的难点及其处理。

教学难点:长句的翻译。

教学内容:Three Days to SeeBy Helen Keller摘自:许明龙译,选自《英语名作佳译赏析》,世界图书出版公司,1999。

转引自:南开大学外国语学院英语系《英语翻译教程》,天津:南开大学出版社,2004。

作者简介:Helen Keller, 美国女作家及教育家,一岁半时,由于生病失聪、失明。

她通过刻苦努力,取得了甚至常人都无法取得的成就。

她勤奋写作,并到世界各地演讲,她的事迹感动和激励了一代代的青年。

她的主要著作有《我的一生〉,《海伦·凯勒日记〉,《给我三天光明〉。

Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigour, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days of months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the epicurean motto of “eat, drink and be merry,” but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.有时我想,把每一天都当做生命的最后一天来过,也许是一种极好的生活准则。

新编英汉互译教程,谭卫国,第2章:Pricinples for Translation

新编英汉互译教程,谭卫国,第2章:Pricinples for Translation
2.Be feasible mainly forpractical texts.
(i.e. tourism/advertising texts)
Principles of Translation
Name
Principles/Proposals
Applications/Comments
P15:Yan Fu严复
2.Normativeness/elegance:The version itself should be normative.(i.e.,proper words,expressionsandsentencesshould be employed in a normative manner, or in accordance with thegrammatical rulesof the target language)
P18:Liu Zhongde
刘重德
Triple principles信达切
1.Faithfulness:
2.Expressiveness:
3.Closeness:The TT should be as close to the original style as possible.
P19 VS严复&泰特勒
3.The translation should have all theeaseof original composition.
P13:Eugene A. Nida
尤全·A·奈达
Dynamic → Functional Equivalence(功能对等论):
“动态对等”中的对等包括四个方面:1. 词汇对等,2. 句法对等,3. 篇章对等,4. 文体对等。在这四个方面中,奈达认为“意义是最重要的,形式其次”(Translatethe meaningof the original in such a way.)

新英汉翻译课件教程 chapter 2 翻译的过程

新英汉翻译课件教程     chapter 2 翻译的过程

例1:Having discovered an unknown island, they wintered upon it. (G.A.Lensen: Russian’s Eastward Expansion) 【译文】他们发现了一个无名小岛后,便住了下 来,在那里过冬。 【解析】这是个“主-谓”结构的简单句,译文的 靓点是“wintered upon it”,“winter”用作名词是 “冬天”,用作动词译为“过冬”。“过冬”肯定 是住下来过,因此增加了“住下来”使句子顿时鲜 活。 比如“shadow”我们对它的认识就是“阴影、影 子”,但“Shadow him and see what is going to happen.”却是“跟踪他看看会发生什么”,它用 作动词时意思却变为“如影随形地跟踪”。
译文欣赏
1.无论是中国还是美国,都不会缩小贸易的重要性。 2. 几乎是毫无意识地,我用手指抚摸着我所熟悉的 叶片和花朵,这新长的叶子和新开的花朵迎来了南 方美好的春天。 3. 话说,人生幸福只需三条:有所爱,有所为,有 所盼。 4. 爱丽丝无所事事,跟姐姐一起闲坐岸边,开始感 到厌倦了。姐姐正在看书,她瞥了一两眼,但是那 书上并没有图画或对话。爱丽丝想,一本书中如果 没有图画或是对话,那它又有什么用呢?
【译文】让我们回到密西西比去,回到亚拉巴马去, 回到南卡罗来纳去,回到佐治亚去,回到路易斯安 娜去,回到我们北方城市中的贫民区和少数民族居 住区去。要牢记,这种状况是能够,也必将改变的。 我们不要陷入绝望而不可自拔。 朋友们,今天我对你们说,在此时此刻,我们 虽然遭受种种困难和挫折,我仍然有一个梦想。这 个梦想是深深扎根于美国的梦想中的。 我梦想有一天,这个国家会站起来,真正实现 其信条的真谛:“我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的: 人人生而平等。” 【解析】译文再现原文交际情景,选词组句紧扣原 文,给读者描述了一件发生在异国他乡的事件。译 者运用直译手法,刻意保留原文的语言和文化差异, 文化色彩,使译文“洋气”一点。直译可以缩短民 族文化交流的差距。

翻译技巧删减和否定翻译法

翻译技巧删减和否定翻译法

I. Review and comments on the assignments
27. They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment and his obligations as an American. 他们想要确定, 他是否履行了受雇条件, 是否履行了作为 美国公民所应尽的职责。 28. Each country has its own customs. 各国有各国的风俗。 29. You may borrow whichever novel in my bookcase you like best. 我书架上的小说你最爱哪一本, 你就可以借哪一本。 30. Our reception in China, he would tell people, “was enormously gracious and polite”; we were “very businesslike, very precise, no rhetoric on either side.” 他逢人便说,当中国接待我“非常周到,客气极了”;给 我们的待遇“好得不得了”; 会谈“非常务实, 非常明确, 双方都不说空话。”
早睡早起使人身体健康。(省略连词and 和 不定冠词a )
II. Omission in translation
5.As it is late, you’d better go home.
时间不早了,你该回家了。(省译原因的 从属连词as) 6.Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled. 金属热胀冷缩。(省译从属连词when) 7.I won’t go if you are not going. 你不去,我也不去。(省译连词if)

汉翻英之语篇翻译

汉翻英之语篇翻译

在此情形下,翻译研究所要解决的问题就 是如何将“信息的丢失”减少到最低程度, 换个角度讲,也就是如何做到译文语篇对 原文语篇意义、信息最大程度地传递。既 然构成语篇总体信息的各信息单元并非等 量齐观,而是存在着主、次与重心和非重 心之层次差别,英汉语篇存在如上所述的 差异,那么在语篇翻译时,译者的最重要 任务就是要保证对原文语篇中承载的主要 信息、中心信息在译文语篇中得到顺畅传 递。
受西方传统哲学“神凡二分”、“科学主 义”、“形式主义”的影响,英吉利等西方 民族在思维方式上具有一种“重理性、重分 析、重形式完备”的鲜明特征。(司显柱, 1999b)这一特征反映在英语语篇构建上, 就是谋篇布局一般总是以一个核心结构为核 心,其他结构或成份都是直接或间接地依附、 服务于这个核心结构,从而形成以核心结构 控 制 各 种 关 系 的 层 次 结 构 ( hierarchical structure)如:
东边闪电出日头,西边闪电必有雨,南边闪电 天气热,北边闪电有雷雨。(如果东边闪电则 出日头,如果西边闪电则必有雨,如果南边闪 电则天气热,如果北边闪电则有雷雨)。
If it lightens in the east, it will be sunny; if it lightens in west, it will be rainy; if it lightens in south, it will be sultry, if it lightens in the north, it will be stormy.
因此,语篇翻译的实质是着眼于整个语篇宏 观题旨的传译(tendering)。为此,译者在翻译 中往往要对原文语篇的构建模式、衔接方式 按译文语篇的构建特征作相应地调整;不仅 如此,在此过程中,遇到由于文化差异较大 而对译文读者构成“阻滞点”的语句还需做 出调整。当然,由于语言、文化间普遍共性 的存在,有些情况下,译者无须对原文语篇 的构建及其表现形式作出更动,这在同语族 内的跨语翻译如英德语之间的翻译较为常见。 在这种情形下,自上而下看,译文语篇实现 了对原文语篇信息的传译;自下而上看,两 者还常常做到了句句对应。

英译汉篇章翻译3

英译汉篇章翻译3

英译汉篇章翻译练习(3)I took home a briefcase full of troubles. As I sat down on that hot and humid evening, there seemed to be no solutions to the problems thrashing around in my brain. So I picked up a book, settled into a comfortable chair and applied my own special therapy—supper-slow reading.I spent three or four hours on two short chapters of Personal History by Vincent Sheena—savoring each paragraph, lingering over a sentence, a phrase, or even a single word, building a detailed mental picture of the scene. No longer was I in Sydney, Australia, on a sticky heart-wave night. Relishing every word, I joined foreign correspondent Sheena on a mission to China and another to Russia. I lost myself in the author’s world. And when finally I put in down, my mind was totally refreshed.Next morning, four words from the book—“take the long view”—were still in my mind. At my desk, I had a long-view look at my problems. Once more, super-slow reading had given me not only pleasure but perspective, and helped me in my everyday affairs.I discovered its worth years ago….Previously, if I had been really interested in a book, I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decided, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar.I has stared with the practical object of making my book last. But by the end of the second week I began to realize how much I was getting from super-slow-reading itself. Sometimes just a particular phrase caught my attention, sometimes a sentence. I would read it slowly, analyze it, read it again—perhaps changing down into an even lower gear—and then sit for 20 minutes thinking about it before moving on. I was like a pianist studying a piece of music, phrase by phrase, rehearsing it, trying to discover and recreate exactly what the composer was trying to convey.。

专八翻译_108散文篇章_精选

专八翻译_108散文篇章_精选

专八翻译_108散文篇章_精选第一部分汉译英1. 丑石(An Ugly Stone)2. 匆匆(Rush)3. 冬夜(Winter Night)4. 互助(Helping Each Other)5. 黄昏(Dusk)6. 盼头(Something to Lookl Forward to)7. 媲美(Beauty)8. 枪口(The Muzzles)9. 鸲鹆(The Story of a Myna) 10. 铜镜(The Bronze Mirror) 11. 学校(The College)12. 野草(Wild Grass)13. 种梨(Planting a Pear Tree) 14. 哀互生(Mourning for Husheng) 15.落花生(The Peanut)16. 盲演员(A Blind Actor)17. “孺子马” (An”Obedient Horse”)18. 小麻雀(A Little Sparrow) 19. 雄辩症(A Case of Eloquence) 20. 大钱饺子(A Good-luck Dumpling) 21. 荷塘月色(Moonlight over the Lotus Pond)22. 黄龙奇观(A View of Huangllong)23. 枯叶蝴蝶(Lappet Butterfies)24. 泡菜坛子(A pickle Pot)25. 田水哗啦(The Irrigation Water Came Gurgling) 26. 我若为王(If IBe King)27. 西式幽默(Western Humour)28. 项脊轩志(Xiangjixuan)29. 夜间来客(A Night Visitor——A True Story abouta ”Celebrity”Being Interviewed)30. 珍禽血雉(China‘s Native Pheasant)31. 常胜的歌手(A Singer Who Always Wins) 32. 健忘的画眉(The Forgetful Song Thrush) 33. 可爱的南京(Nanjing the Beloved City) 34. 鲁迅先生记(In Memory of Mr.Lu Xun)35. 苗族龙船节(The Miao Drangon-Boat Festival) 36. 秋天的怀念(Fond Memories of You)37. 献你一束花(A Bouquet of Flowers for you) 38. 鸭巢围的夜(A Night at Mallard-Nest Village) 39. 玫瑰色的月亮(The Rosy Moon)40. 内画壶《百子图》(Snuff Bottles with Pictures Inside) 41. 维护团结的人(A Man Upholding Unity)42. 我有一个志愿(I Have a Dream)43. 运动员的情操(Sportsmen‘s Values)44. 神话世界九寨沟(Jiuzhaigou,China‘s Fairyland)45. 生命的三分之一(One Third of Our Lifetime)46. 我可能是天津人(I Might Have Come from Tianjin) 47. 五台名刹画沧桑(The famous Monastery Witnesses Vicissitudes) 48. 爱梦想的羞怯女孩(A Shy Dreamer)49. 永久的憧憬和追求(My Lnging and yearning)50. 老人和他的三个儿子(The Old Man and his three sons) 51. 乐山龙舟会多姿多彩(dragon-Boat Festival at Leshan) 52. 撷自那片芳洲的清供(AnOffering from his Sweet homeland) 53. 三峡多奇景妙笔夺开工(The Scenic Three Gorges Captured ) 54. 初中国旅游可到哪些地斱(Tips on Traveling to China the First Time)第二部分英译汉1. A Ball to Roll Around(滚球)2. A Boupquet for Miss Benson(送给卞老师的一束花)3. A Boy and His Father Become Partners(父子伙伴情)4. A Gift of Dreams(梦寐以求的礼物)5. A Hard Day in the Kitchen(厨房里的一场闹刷)6. A Nation of Hypochondriacs(一个疑病症患者的国度)7. Are Books an Endangered Species? (书籍是即将灭绝的物种吗?)8. A Sailor‘s Christmas Gift(一个海员的圣诞礼物)9. A Tale of Two Smut Merchants(两上淫秽照片商的故事)10. A Visit with the Folks(探访故亲)11. Canadian Eskimo Lithographs(加拿大爱斯基摩人的石版画) 12. Divorce and Kids(离婚不孩子)13. Doug Heir(杜格?埃厄)14. Fame(声誉)s Journey(费利西娅的旅行) 15. Felicia‘16. Genius Sacrificed for failure(为育庸才损英才) 17. Glories of the Storm(辉煌壮丽的暴风雨) 18. Han Suyin‘s China(韩素音笔下的中国) 19. Hate(仇恨)20. How Should One Read a Book? (怎样读书?) 21. In Praie of the Humble Comma(小小逗号赞) 22. Integrity——From A Mother in Mannville(正直) 23. In the Pursuit of a Haunting and Timeless Truth(追寻一段永世难忘的叱实)24. Killer on Wings is Under Threat(飞翔的杀手正受到威胁) 25. Lifein a Violin Case(琴匣子中的生趣)26. Love Is Not like Merchandise(爱情不是商品) 27. Luck(好运气)28. Mayhew(生活的道路)29. My Averae Uncle(艾默大叔——一个普普通通的人) 30. My Father‘s Music(我父亲的音乐)31. My Mother‘s Gift (母亲的礼物)32. New Light Buld Offers Energy Efficiency(新型灯泡提高能效) 33. Of Studies(谈读书)34. On Leadership(论领导)35. On Cottages in General(农舍概述)36. Over the Hill(开小差)37. Promise of Bluebirds(蓝知更鸟的希望)38. Stories on a Headboard(床头板上故事多)39. Sunday(星期天)40. The Blanket(一条毛毯)41. The Colour of the Sky(天空的色彩)42. The date Father Didn‘t Keep(父亲失约)43. The Kiss(吻)) 44. The Letter(家书45. The Little Boat That Sailed through Time(悠悠岁月小船情) 46. The Living Seas(富有生命的海洋)47. The Roots of My Ambition(我的自强之源)48. The song of the River(河之歌)49. They Wanted Him Everywhere——Herbert von Karajan(1908-1989) (哪儿都要他)50. Three Great Puffy Rolls(三个又大双暄的面包圈) 51. Trust(信任)52. Why measure Life in Hearbeats? (何必以心跳定生死?)53. Why the bones Break(骨折缘何而起)54. Why Women Live Longer than Men(为什么女人经男人活得长)丑石 An Ugly Stone贾平凹 Jia Pingwa我常常遗憾我家门前的那块丑石呢:它I used to feel sorry for that ugly 黑黝黝地卧在那里,牛似的模样;谁也不知black piece of stone lying like an 道是什么时候留在这里的.谁也不去理会它。

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汉语段落
主题句不明显 段尾可引出新主题
现在的写作已不再是一些专门家的事情,而是越来越 社会化、生活化,这当然很好。“作家”如今更多地 被赋予职业的意义,它标明的仅仅是一个职业而已。 只要是写了一点作品、或者有这个努力和爱好的,都 被他视和自视为“作家”。与其他行当和职业不同, 如从来没有把股长或科长厅长说成是政治家,也没有 把一个在部队干的人叫成军事家。作家在职业的意义 上被如此轻浮地界定,事出有因。所以现在,妓女、 商人、政客、主持人、艺人、杀人犯、道德家,无论 各行各业的人都可以因为自己的理由去写作,并产生 卖点,成为“名作家”。从商品社会里看,这很正常。 美国一个杀人犯,出来后把杀人的过程写出来,畅销 并已致富。原来此刻一切都是为了卖,能卖即是成功。
First, context is very important to
understanding
intercultural
communication. There are two
ways individuals use context in
communication: one is low-context
张炜:精神的背景——消费时代的写作和出版
——2003年8月在烟台出版咨询年会上的发言
9.1.2 英汉篇章结构对比
英语篇章:
汉语篇章:
主题----段落
(层层递进;直线 展开)
不同层面,同一论点, (螺旋形上升)
英语篇章
Intercultural communication is an interdisciplinary field of study which incorporates research from disciplines such as social psychology, sociology, cultural anthropology, socio-linguistics, and, of course, communication. One of the most important areas of research addressed by intercultural scholars is how misunderstandings can be minimized when people communicate with others from different cultures.
第九章:英汉篇章的翻译
9.1英汉篇章对比
英语篇章: 开门见山,直奔主题 章法:introduction
bHale Waihona Puke dy汉语篇章: 迂回曲折,委婉含蓄。 章法:起承转合
conclusion
9.1.1 英汉段落结构对比
英语段落:
key sentence
key sentence
by example by space by contrast
译文
不同文化之间的交流是一门跨学科的研究 科目,它综合研究社会心理学、社会学、人文 人类学、社会语言学以及传播学等学科。研究 不同文化之间交流的学问,最重要的研究课题 之一就是不同文化背景的人交往的时候,如何 尽可能减少误解。
首先,了解背景情况对不同文化之间的交 流非常重要。人与人之间的交往有两种情况: 一种是外向的,另一种是含蓄的。
and the other is high-context.
Low-context communication is like a computer program; everything must be specified in the coded message or the computer program will not run. In a lowcontext culture like the United States, individuals must express themselves as explicitly as possible for effective communication to occur. high-context communication, in contrast, is like communication between twins who were raised together. Twins intuitively understand each other and use shortened sentences and words when they talk.

外向的就象是计算机的程序,一切都按 照编好的程序进行,否则就运转不了。 美国的文化是外向型的,美国人表达自 己思想的时候尽可能简单明了,以有利 于传播或交流。与此相反的是同含蓄的 人交流,这种交流就象是在一起的孪生 兄弟姐妹之间的交往。因为他们心领神 会,谈话时只需简短的句子和言词。
by cause and effect
例证方式展开
Many examples of a connection between “right” and “straight” can be found. In Mexican Spanish you indicate straight (ahead) by saying “right right”; in Black American English, “right on” is an expression of approval, often for a sentiment eloquently or deftly phrased. “Straight” meaning conventional, “correct” or “proper” is a commonplace in colloquial English today. In Russian, right is “prava”, a cognate of “pravda”, which means “true”. And in many languages “true” has the additional meaning of “straight” or “accurate”, as in “his aim was
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