国际公法英文名解汇总纲目版
国际法名词解释
国际法名词解释汇总一、国际公法名词解释1.Archipelagic sea lane passage群岛海道通过baseline直线基线economic zone专署经济区clause5.jus cogens强行法7.neutralized states中立国p.77/ sector principle扇形原则9.attaches附属国/添附10.natural prolongation principles自然延长原则11.pacta sunt servanda约定必须遵守批of effectiveness有效原则13.par in parem non habet jurisdictionem平等者之间无管辖权14.accretion添附sanguinis血统主义sic stantibus17.retortion报复18.extra territorial asylum领事庇护、域外庇护19.a delict jure genetium20.treaty-contracts21.international comity国际法院22.Drago Doctrine23.trust territories24.cession割让26.signature ad referendum暂签shelf大陆架Congress维斯特法利亚国会/立法会29.Diplomatic Corps外交团legation premises使馆（外交人员的经营场所）31.nuncios32.the peaceful co-existence principle和平共处原则34.Full Power全权证书35.change's daffaires36.exequatur37.letter of Credence国书;LiHaopei;ShiJiuyong;He Qizhi;Zhaolihai39.Caonnally w-making contract造法性条约41.Super-national Law超国法42.the right of collective self-defence集体自卫权43.jus non scriptum44.the nation's penal obligation国家刑事责任Usage/ International Custom国际习惯/国际惯例46.Instant International Customary Law47.persona non grata不受欢迎的人Treaty拉忒兰条约49.consular privileges and immunities领事人员特权与豁免p.263/外交特权与豁免control有效控制51. aut dedere aut punire 引渡或仲裁52. transit passage 过渡条款53. Sector Principle 扇形原则54. Asylum 庇护55. erga omnes obligations 各国对国际社会承担的责任56. Lauterpacht;Grotius;Austin 劳特派特、格老秀斯、奥斯汀58. opinio juris法律确信59. Optional Compulsory Jurisdiction60. Jus ad Bellum61. Extradition 引渡62. Environment Impact Assessment 环境影响评估（？）63. Double vote 双重否决64. High Seas公海65. Right of visit登临权66. Right of Hot Pursuit67. Transit Passage 通过权68. Parrallel Exploitation System平行开发制69. Prescription 时效70. Special Mission 特别使团解释并比较:1. de jure recognition / de facto recognition 法律承认/事实上的承认2. Good office / mediation / Conciliation斡旋/调停/协商、和解p.6363. Initialling / siganature ad referendum p.1984. Revision / Amendent / Modification修订/修正案/更改p.2135. territorial Asylum / extra-territorial Asylum域内庇护/域外庇护p.1406. Universal Jurisdiction / protective Jurisdiction普遍管辖权/保护性管辖权7. Right of self-preservation自保权p.798. rendition投降9. retorsion / reprisal 报复/报复性掳掠10. right of innocent passage / right of transit passage无害通过权/通过权p.31611. exequatur / letter of Credence12. authentication / signature 认证/签署p.19813. international delinquency14. indemnity / reparation二、国际私法名词解释1.Fraus Omnia Comunpit2.lex loci re sitae3.state immunity国家豁免权4.characteristic performance5.remission revoi一级反致6.Bustamante Code布斯塔曼特法典7.lex loci solutionis合同履行地法8.lex volutatis当事人合意选择的法律9.Bartoles巴托鲁斯10.Renvoi au second degre11.Migratory marriage12.Bona vacantia13.Interregional conflicts law区际法律冲突14.act jure gestionis15.putative marriage事实婚姻16.locus regit actum （in arbitration law）场所支配行为17.the proper law of the arbitration agreement仲裁协议所适用的准据法18.ana-national or denationalized approach开除国籍的手段19.jurisdiction concerning the jurisdiction （in arbitration law）20.the collected jurisdiction21.favor validitatis / ut res magis valeat quam pereat （in arbitration law）22.severability of arbitration clause可分离的仲裁条款23.the jurisdiction doctrine under internet circumstance在英特网环境下的管辖权原则24.pro-arbitration专家仲裁25.theory of Party-autonomic意思自治说26. law District 法律管辖权27. Amiable Arbitration28. Ad Hoc Arbitration29. rule of double actionability 双重可诉原则30. Mandatory rules 强制性规定30. domicile of choice 住所地的选择31. preliminary question 先决问题32. Inderect Renovi 间接反致33. lex causae34. lex loci delicti35. formula of attribution 归属的惯例36.Reese;Fuld;Cavers;Cook;Rabel;Dicey; Mancini:Beale;Savigny;Story;Huber ;Bartolus里斯、富德、卡弗斯、库克、拉沛尔、戴赛、孟西尼、？、萨维尼、施托里、胡伯、巴托鲁斯37. Severability of Arbitration Agreement 可分离的仲裁条款38. the collected jurisdiction of China middle court39. local law theory本国法学说40. Comitas Gentium41. bilateral conflict rules 双边冲突规范42. depecage43. lex arbitri 仲裁法44. Proper law doctrine 准据法原则三、国际经济法1.passing of Risk2.FCA或交承运人mechanism in WTO4.Cumulative assessmenternment Procurement6.Safeguard Measures保障措施value （in customs valuation）扣减价格8.the new development of WTOWTO 的新发展。
国际公法英文教程
国际公法英文教程摘要：I.引言- 介绍国际公法的概念- 简述国际公法的重要性II.国际公法的渊源- 概述国际公法的来源，包括国际条约、国际惯例、国际法庭判例等- 介绍国际法院的作用III.国际公法的基本原则- 阐述主权平等原则- 介绍不干涉原则- 介绍禁止使用武力原则IV.国际公法的主体- 介绍国家和国际组织作为国际公法的主体- 简述国际人权法和国际人道法的重要性V.国际公法的适用- 介绍国际公法的适用范围- 阐述国际公法与国内法律的关系VI.国际公法的问题与挑战- 讨论当前国际公法面临的主要问题与挑战，如国际恐怖主义、气候变化等- 探讨国际公法如何应对这些问题与挑战VII.结论- 总结国际公法的重要性- 强调国际公法在解决国际问题中的作用正文：国际公法是规范国际关系的基本法律制度，涉及到国家之间的权利和义务，具有重要的现实意义。
国际公法的渊源包括国际条约、国际惯例、国际法庭判例等，其中国际法院是一个重要的机构，负责解决国家之间的法律争端。
国际公法的基本原则包括主权平等原则、不干涉原则和禁止使用武力原则。
主权平等原则是指所有国家在国际关系中都应该被视为平等的主权国家，不干涉原则是指国家不应该干涉其他国家的内政，禁止使用武力原则是指国家不能使用武力来解决国际争端。
国际公法的主体包括国家和国际组织。
国际组织如联合国、世界贸易组织等，也在国际公法中扮演着重要的角色。
国际人权法和国际人道法是国际公法的重要组成部分，涉及到人类尊严和生命财产安全等问题。
国际公法的适用范围广泛，可以适用于所有国家之间的交往。
国际公法与国内法律的关系是相互补充的，国内法律不能取代国际公法，反之亦然。
当前国际公法面临的主要问题与挑战包括国际恐怖主义、气候变化等。
针对这些问题，国际公法需要不断地完善和发展，以应对日益复杂的全球化环境带来的挑战。
国际公法重点
第一章导论第一节国际法的概念与特征一、国际法的概念国际法是调整国际法主体，主要是国家之间具有权利义务内容关系的行为规范的总称。
二、国际法的名称及其演变1.国际法学之父——格老秀斯。
2.“国际法”之词源。
万民法→Inter nation al Law→万国公法→国际（公）法。
胡果·格老秀斯（Hugo Grotius，1583-1645），“国际法学之父”。
出生于荷兰，亦为国际法及海洋法鼻祖，其《海洋自由论》主张公海是可以自由航行的，为当时新兴的海权国家如荷兰、英国提供了相关法律原则的基础，以突破当时西班牙和对海洋贸易的垄断，并反对炮舰外交。
三、国际法的社会基础“有社会就有法”1.独立国家及由其组成的国际社会是国际法的社会基础。
2.国际社会的组织化趋势强化了国际法的地位。
“相信组织，通过组织解决问题”3.国家间的共同利益是形成国际关系的纽带，国际法是协调各种国家利益的一种重要手段。
4.有什么样的国际社会现实，就有什么样的国际法。
5.平等互利有利于国际法的发展，强权政治和霸权主义是国际法的死敌。
四、国际法的性质—国际法是法律吗？1.关于国际法的法律性的分歧。
否定说和肯定说2.国际法是法律。
什么是法律？社会-规则-遵守和有拘束力3.国际法有拘束力的证明。
●各国通常宣示遵守国际法，实践中遵守。
●各国缔结国际协议，接受其中的权利和义务。
●国际法有制裁的规则。
●……4.国家为什么要遵守国际法？●相互主义的作用。
互尊主权和领土完整；平等互利；和平共处。
●遵守国际法符合国家的利益。
或多或少反映各国利益；共同的最高利益。
●伙伴间的监督。
“无赖国家、流氓国家”●跨界交流的客观需要。
交往、全球化：“没有规矩，不成方圆”。
●有强制执行力。
自卫、集体安全机制、国际刑事法院。
五、国际法的特征与国内法相比较，国际法具有以下特征：1．主体主要是国家。
2．主要根据国家间的协议而达成。
3．强制力较弱。
4．渊源主要是条约和习惯。
国际经济法-英文名解汇总-纲目版
国际经济法英文名解汇总纲目版第一章国际经济法总论Merchandise theory 重商主义学说Absolute advantage theory 绝对优势理论学说Comparative advantage theory 比较优势理论学说International economic law 国际经济法World bank (group) = WBG世界银行（集团）World trade organization = WTO 世界贸易组织International monetary fund = IMF 国际货币基金组织Treaty on European union 欧盟条约Law of conflict of laws 国际私法/法律冲突法Natural person 自然人Legal person 法人Transnational corporations 跨国公司Quasi-international agreement 准国际协议General agreement on tariffs and trade = GATT 《关税与贸易总协定》UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议/联合国贸发会议EU 欧盟ASEAN 东南亚联盟CCM 加勒比共同市场NAFTA 北美自由贸易区Organization of petroleum exporting countries = OPEC 石油输出国组织UNCITRAL 联合国国际贸易法委员会WIPO 世界知识产权组织第二章国际货物买卖法United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods = CISG 《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》/《销售合同公约》Negotiation 洽商Terms of transaction 交易条件Inquiry 询盘Buying offer = Bid 买方发盘/递盘Selling offer 卖方发盘To sign a contract 签订合同Offer 要约Offeror 要约人Offeree 受要约人Invitation for offer 要约邀请Quotation 报价单Price list 价目表Catalogues 商品目录Specific person 特定的人Sufficiently definite 十分确定Cross offer 碰头要约Withdrawal （要约的）撤回Revocation （要约的）撤销Irrevocable 不可撤销Reasonable time 合理的时间Public offer 公开发盘Acceptance 承诺Late acceptance 逾期承诺Official holidays 正式假日Non-business days 非营业日Mirror-image rule 镜子反射规则Additions 添加Modifications 更改Limitations 限制Material alteration 实质上的变更Received of the letter of acceptance rule 到达生效原则Corporation 公司Firm 商行Partnership 合伙Insurance to be effected by the buyer 保险由买方负责Inspection clause 检验条款Claim clause 索赔条款Confirmation of sales 销售确认书Contract of sales 买卖合同Concurrent condition 对流条件Delivery 交货Take delivery 受领Shipping documents 装运单据Counter-offer 反要约/还盘Right 权利Claim 要求Breach of contract 违约Fundamental breach of contract 根本违反合同Anticipatory breach of contract 预期违反合同Adequate assurance of his performance 提供充分保证Damages 损害赔偿Specific performance 实际履行Repair 修理Declare the contract avoided 宣告合同无效Warsaw-Oxford Rules 《华沙——牛津规则》International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms = Incoterms 《国际贸易术语解释通则》ICC 国际商会Electronic Data Interchange = EDI电子数据交换Departure 启运（E组术语）Main carriage unpaid 主运费未付（F 组术语）Main carriage paid 主运费已付（C组术语）Arrival 到达（D组术语）1.EXW = EX Works……(named place) 工厂交货……（指定地点）2.FCA = Free Carrier……(named place) 货交承运人……（指定地点）3.FAS = Free Alongside Ship……(named port of shipment) 船边交货……（指定装运港）4.FOB = Free on Board……(named port of shipment) 船上交货……（指定装运港），又称离岸价格5.CFR = Cost and Freight……(named port of destination) 成本加运费……（指定目的港）6.CIF = Cost Insurance and Freight……(named port of destination) 成本、保险费加运费……（指定目的港）7.CPT = Carriage paid to……(named port of destination) 运费付至……（指定目的地）8.CIP = Carriage and Insurance paid to……(named port of destination) 运费及保险费付至……（指定目的地）9.DAF = Delivered at Frontier……(named place) 边境交货……（指定地点）10.DES = Delivered Ex Ship……(named port of destination) 目的港船上交货……（指定目的港）11.DEQ = Delivered Ex Quay……( named port of destination) 目的港码头交货……（指定目的港）12.DDU = Delivered Duty Unpaid……(named port of destination) 未完税交货……（指定目的地）13.DDP = Delivered Duty Paid……(named port of destination) 完税后交货……（指定目的地）Equivalent electronic message 相等的电子单证Ship's rail 船舷Document transaction 单证交易Specific goods 特定货物Unascertained goods 非特定货物Specified goods 特定化货物In transit 路货Tender or delivery of goods 提供或交付的货物第三章国际货物运输与保险法律制度Ship owner 船舶所有人Disponent owner 二船东Affreightment in a general ship 件杂货运输合同/零担运输合同/提单运输Liner shipping 班轮运输Charter party = C/P 租船合同Voyage charter party 航次租船合同Single trip C/P 单航次合同Return trip C/P 往返航次租船合同Consecutive single trip C/P 连续单航次合同Consecutive return trip C/P 连续往返航次租船合同Contract of affreightment 包运租船合同Standard form 标准合同形式Gencon “金康”合同Safety port clause 安全港条款Always floating clause 永远漂浮状态条款Time charter party 定期租船合同Baltime 波尔泰定期租船合同Bareboat charter party = charter by demise 光船租赁合同Contract of affreightment 海上货物运输包运合同/海上货物运输总合同Combined transport 联合运输Combined transport contract 多式联运合同Frustration 合同受阻Due diligence to make the ship seaworthiness 谨慎处理使船舶处于适航的状态Deviation 绕航Freight 运费Freight prepaid 预付运费Freight to collect 到付运费Dead freight 亏舱费/空舱费Demurrage 滞期费General average contribution 共同海损费用Package limitation of liability 单位责任限制Sea waybill 海运单Bill of lading = B/L 提单Prima facie evidence 初步证据Conclusive evidence 绝对证据Shipped (or on board) B/L 已装船提单Received for shipped B/L 收货待运提单/备运提单Dock receipt 场站收据Straight B/L 记名提单Bearer B/L = open or blank B/L 不记名提单/空白提单/持票人提单Bearer 持有人To bearer 交与持有人Order B/L 指示提单To order 凭指示To order of ... 凭某某人指示Clean B/L 清洁提单In apparent good order and condition 上列外表状况良好Unclean B/L = claused B/L = foul B/L 不清洁提单Mate's receipt 大副收据Letter of indemnity 保函Long form B/L 全式提单/繁式提单Short form B/L 简式提单/略式提单Direct B/L 直达提单Transshipment B/L 转船提单through B/L 联运提单Ocean through B/L 海上联运提单Contracting carrier 订约承运人Successive carriers 连续的承运人On-carrier 接运承运人Actual carrier 实际承运人Pure ocean through B/L 纯海上联运提单Combined transport B/L 多式联运提单Liner B/L 班轮提单Charter party B/L 租船提单On deck B/L 舱面提单/甲板提单On deck risk 甲板险Anti-dated B/L 倒签提单Advanced B/L 预借提单Electronic B/L 电子提单CMI Rules for Electronic Bill of Lading 《国际海事委员会电子提单规则》Vessel and nationality 船名和船舶国籍Ports of loading and unloading and ofcall 装货地和目的地或中途停靠港地Description ofgoods,marks,packages,numbers,meas urement or weight 货物品名、标志、包装、件数、体积或重量Freight and charges 运费和应当给付承运人的其他费用Date of signing at ... 提单签发的日期、地点和分数Signed by carrier master 承运人或船长签署Name of vessel 船名Carrier 承运人Shipper 托运人Consignee 收货人Notify party 通知人To be notified 需通知Freight payment 运费支付Jurisdiction clause 管辖权条款Paramount clause 首要条款Carrier's liability clause 承运人责任条款Period of carrier's responsibility clause 承运人责任期间条款Loading,Discharging and Delivery Clause 装货、卸货和交货条款Package limitation 赔偿责任限额Deck cargo and live animals clause 甲板货和活动物条款Cargo in container clause 集装箱货物条款Forwarding,Substitute ofvessel,Through carriage and Transhipment clause 转运、换船、联运与转船条款General average clause 共同海损条款New Jason Clause 新杰森条款Both to blame collision clause 互有过失碰撞条款Original B/L 正本提单Copy 副本Non-negotiable 不能流通Letter of indemnity 保函Defraud a third party 对第三者有欺诈的意图Endorsement 背书Assignor 出让人Assignee 受让人Endorsement in blank 空白背书Special endorsement 特定背书International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bill of Lading = The Hague Rules 《统一提单的若干法律规定的国际公约》/《海牙规则》From tackle to tackle “钩至钩”原则Common carrier 公共承运人Private carrier 私人承运人Harter Act 《哈特法》Seaworthiness 船舶适航的标准Loading 装货Handling 搬移Stowage 配载Carrying 运送Custody and caring 保管和照料Discharging 卸货Navigation of ship 驾驶船舶Management of ship 管理船舶Actual fault or privity 实际过失或私谋Inherent vice 固有缺陷Latent defect 潜在缺陷Ejusdem genesis rule 同类规则Protocol to Amend the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading = The Visby Rules 《关于修订统一提单若干法律规定的国际公约议定书》/《维斯比规则》Special drawing right = SDR 特别提款权Breach of contract 违约Tort 侵权行为Himalayan clause 喜马拉雅条款Independent contractor 独立的承包商United Nations Convention on Carriage of Goods by Sea 《1978年联合国海上货物运输公约》/《汉堡规则》Common understanding 共同谅解书International multimodal transport国际多式联运International multimodal transport of goods 国际货物多式联运Container 集装箱Container freight station = CFS 集装箱货运站Port to port 港到港Door to door 门到门运输Uniform Rules for a Combined Transport Document 1973 《联运单证统一规则》Combined transport operator 多式联运经营人/联运人Principal 本人Multimodal transport document 多式联运单证Ocean bill of lading 海洋提单Way bill 铁路运单Air waybill 航空货运单/空运单Convention for Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Transportation by Air = Warsaw Convention 《统一国际航空运输某些规则的公约》/1929年《华沙公约》Hague Protocal 《修改1927年10月12日在华沙签订的国际航空运输某些规则的公约的议定书》/《海牙议定书》Guadalajara convention 《统一非订约承运人所办国际航空运输某些规则以补充华沙公约的公约》/《瓜达拉哈拉公约》Air consignment note = ACN 空运单证/空运托运单CIM 国际铁路货物运输公约CMR 国际公路货物运输公约Wilful misconduct 故意的不当行为Insurance broker 保险经纪人The slip 承保条Insurance policy 保险单Marine insurance 海上保险/水险Valued policy 定值保单Valued insurance 定值保险合同Unvalued policy 不定值保单Unvalued insurance 不定值保险合同Voyage 航程保单Time policy 定期保单Open policy 预约保险合同/预约保单/开口保单Original slip 原始承保条Floating policy 流动保险合同/流动保单Insurable interest 保险利益/可保利益Legal interest 法律所认可的利益Pecuniary interest 经济上的利益Definite interest 确定的利益Utmost good faith 绝对诚信Disclosure 告知Warranty 保证Promissory warranty 允诺的担保Principle of indemnity 损失补偿Proximate 近因原则Perils of the sea 海上风险/海难Natural calamity 自然灾害Fortuitous accidents 意外事故Extraneous risks 外来风险Total loss 全部损失Actual total loss 实际全损Constructive total (loss) 推定全损Partial loss 部分损失Particular average = P.A. 单独海损General average = G.A. 共同海损General average contribution 共同海损分摊Sue and labour expenses 诉讼与营救费用Salvage charges 救助费用Abandonment 委付Subrogation 代位求偿Free from particular average 平安险/单独海损不赔With particular average 水渍险All risks 一切险Additional risks 附加险General additional risks 一般附加险Theft,pilferage and non-delivery 偷窃提货不着险Rain fresh water damage 淡水雨淋险Risk of shortage 短量险Risk of contamination 玷污险Risk of leakage 渗漏险Risk of clashing & breakage 碰损破碎险Risk of odour 串味险Damage caused by sweating & or heating 受潮受热险Risk damage 钩损险Loss of damage caused by breakage of packing 包装破裂险Risk of rusting 锈损险Special additional risk 特别附加险War risk 战争险Strikes risk 罢工险On deck risk 舱面险Import duty risk 进口关税险Rejection risk 拒收险Failure to deliver risk 交货不到险第四章国际贸易结算与支付法律制度International payment 国际支付Foreign exchange control 外汇管制International Monetary Fund = IMF 国际货币基金组织Forward transaction 远期外汇交易Swap transaction 掉期交易Currency option 外币期权交易Bill 票据Drawer 出票人Drawee = payer受票人/付款人Payee 受款人Negotiation 权利转让Assignment 债权让与Predecessors 前手Holder for value 付了对价的持票人Holder in due course 正当持票人Protected holder 受保护持票人Bill of exchange = draft = bill 汇票Promissory note 本票Check = cheque 支票Issue 出票Preparation 做成Delivery 交付Endorsement 背书Presentment 提示Acceptance 承兑Payment 付款Dishonour 拒付Recourse 追索Electronic funds transfer = EFT 电子资金划拨Originator 发端人Beneficiary 受益人Originator's bank 发端人银行/接受发端人支付指令的银行Intermediary bank 中间银行Beneficiary's bank 受益人银行Remittance 汇付/顺汇Reverse remittance 逆汇Collection 托收Letter of credit 信用证Remitter 汇款人Remitting bank 汇出行Paying bank 汇入行Payee 收款人Mail transfer = M/T 信汇Telegraphic transfer = T/T 电汇Demand draft = D/D 票汇Payment in advance 预付货物Payment after arrival of goods 货到付款Banker's demand draft 银行即期汇票Remittance against documents 凭单付款Principal = customer 委托人/本人/（银行的）客户Subagent 代理人的代理人Remittance letter 托收委托书Privity of contract 合同关系Remitting bank 托收行Collecting bank 代收行Drawee 付款人/汇票受票人Clean collection 光票托收Documentary collection 跟单托收Documents against payment = D/P 付款交单Documents against acceptance = D/A 承兑交单Uniform Rules on the Collection = URC 《托收统一规则》URC522 Collection order 托收指令Collection instruction 托收指示Discount 贴现Application form 开证申请书Applicant 开证申请人Issuing bank 开证行Advising bank 通知行Beneficiary 受益人Negotiating bank 议付行Confirming bank 保兑行Paying bank 付款行Transferee = second beneficiary 受让人/第二受益人Reimbursing bank 偿付银行/清算银行Documentary L/C 跟单信用证Clean L/C 光票信用证Revocable L/C 可撤销信用证Irrevocable L/C 不可撤销信用证Confirmed L/C 保兑信用证Unconfirmed L/C 不保兑信用证Sight L/C 即期信用证Usance L/C 远期信用证Transferable L/C 可转让信用证Divisible L/C 可分割信用证Revolving L/C 循环信用证Non-revolving L/C 非循环信用证Reciprocal L/C 对开信用证Standby L/C 备用信用证/担保信用证/保证信用证/履约信用证Binding promise 有约束力的允诺Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credit = UCP 《跟单信用证统一惯例》UCP600All discrepancies 全部不符点Accounting receivable = A/R 应收账款Factoring 保理Forfaiting = invoice discounting 福费廷/发票贴现/包买票据Securitization 资产证券化Project financing 项目融资The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law = UNCITRAL 联合国国际贸易法委员会Origin contract 原始合同Assignment contract 转让合同Assignment 转让Assignor 转让人Assignee 受让人Obligor 债务人Subsequent assignment 后继转让Assignment of international receivables 国际应收款的转让International assignment of receivables 应收款的国际转让Notification of the assignment 转让通知Payment instruction 付款指示Competing creditors 竞合求偿人Trust receipt T/P 信托收据International factoring 国际保付代理/国际保理第五章WTO与中国的对外贸易管理制度GATT 关税与贸易总协定WTO 世界贸易组织IMF 国际货币基金组织Round （各轮贸易谈判）回合Plurilateral trade agreement 诸边贸易协议/复边贸易协议Marrakesh Agreement onEstablishing the World Trade Organization 《马拉喀什建立世界贸易组织协定》/《WTO 协定》Forum 场所Doha development agenda = DDA 多哈发展议程Contracting party 缔约方Member 成员方Separate customs territory 单独关税区Chinese Taipei 中华台北Free riding 免费搭车Ministerial conference 部长会议General council 总理事会Council 理事会Committee 委员会Dispute Settlement Body & Appellate Body 争端解决机构与上诉机构Secretariat 秘书处Most-favored-nation Treatment = MFN 最惠国待遇原则GSP 普遍优惠制Enabling clause 授权条款National treatment 国民待遇GATS 《服务贸易总协定》Schedule 减让表TRIPS 《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》Transparency 透明度原则Decision: Accession of the People's Republic of China 《关于中华人民共和国加入的决定》Protocol on the Accession of the People's Republic of China 《中华人民共和国加入WTO议定书》Report of the Working Party on the Accession of China 《中国加入工作组报告》Protocol of Provisional Application = PPA = Grandfather clause 《临时适用议定书》/祖父条款Marrakesh Protocol to the GeneralAgreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 《1994年GATT马拉喀什议定书》1.Agreement on Agriculture 《农业协定》2.Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures = SPS 《实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定》3.Agreement on Textiles and Clothing = ATC 《纺织品与服装协定》Multifibre Arrangement = MFA 《国际纺织品贸易协定》/《多种纤维协定》4.Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade = TBT 《技术性贸易壁垒协定》5.Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures = TRIMs 《与贸易有关的投资措施协定》/TRIMs 协议6.Agreement on Antidumping = AD 《反倾销协定》Material injury 实质性损害7.Agreement on Implementation of Article VII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 《海关估价协定》/《关于履行GATT1994第7条的协定》8.Agreement on Preshipment Inspection = PSI 《装运前检验协定》9.Agreement on Rules of Origin = RO 《原产地规则协定》10.Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures 《进口许可程序协定》11.Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures = SCM 《补贴与反补贴措施协定》/《反补贴协定》12.Agreement on Safeguards = SG 《保障措施协定》Serious injury 严重损害General Agreement on Trade in services = GATS 《服务贸易总协定》Specific commitments 具体承诺开价单Schedule of specific commitments 具体义务承诺表Cross-border supply 跨境提供Consumption abroad 境外消费Commercial presence 商业存在Movement of personnel 自然人流动Horizontal commitments 水平承诺Sector-specific commitments 部门承诺Plurilateral trade agreement 复边协议Trade Policy Review Mechanism = TPRM 贸易政策评审机制Sunset clause 日落条款Material injury 实质损害Close Economic Partnership Arrangement = CEPA 《内地与香港/澳门关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement = ECFA 《两岸经济合作架构协议》第六章国际投资法UNCTAD 联合国贸发会议Equity joint venture 中外合资经营企业/股权式合营企业Contractual joint venture 中外合作经营企业/契约式合营企业Wholly owned foreign enterprise 外商独资企业Build-Operate-Transfer = BOT 建设——经营——转让Build-Own-Operate-Transfer = BOOT 建设——拥有——经营——转让Build-Own-Operate = BOO 建设——拥有——经营Build-Lease-Transfer = BLT 建设——租赁——转让Build-Transfer-Operate = BTO 建设——转让——经营Stabilization clause 稳定条款Lex contractus = law of the parties 契约条款法/当事人法Association of Southeast Asian Nations = ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟/东盟North America Free Trade Agreement = NAFTA 《北美自由贸易协定》FTAA 美洲自由贸易区Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States 《解决国家与他国国民之间投资争议公约》/《华盛顿公约》International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes = ICSID 解决投资争议国际中心Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency = MIGA 《多边投资担保机构公约》/《汉城公约》Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures = TRIMs 《与贸易有关的投资措施协定》/TRIMs 协议第七章国际金融法Bank for International Settlement = BIS 国际清算银行Purchase 购买Repurchase 重购Draw 提取Special drawing right = SDR 特别提款权World Bank Group = WBG 世界银行集团The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development = IBRD 国际复兴开发银行The International Finance Corporation = IFC 国际金融公司The International Development Association = IDA 国际开发协会International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes = ICSID 解决投资争议国际中心Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency = MIGA 多边投资担保机构Operations evaluation department = OED 评价检查部门Hard loan 硬贷款/世界银行贷款Soft loan 软贷款/国际开发协会援助贷款Blend 混合贷款United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations 联合国跨国公司中心The Basle Committee on Banking Supervision 巴塞尔银行监管委员会London Inter-Bank Offered Rated = LIBOR 伦敦同业银行拆放率Definition and interpretation 定义与释义Loan currency 贷款货币Loan amount 贷款金额Purpose for loan 贷款的用途Condition precedent 贷款的先决条件条款Final maturity and disbursement 贷款期限和发放Interest rate and interest 贷款的利率和利息Representation and warranties 陈述与保证Covenant 约定事项Negative pledge 消极保证条款/保证不作为条款Pari passu covenant 平等地位条款Financial covenant 财务约定事项Repayment 贷款的偿还Pre-repayment 贷款的提前偿还Governing law and jurisdiction 法律适用和司法管辖条款Assignment 权利或义务的让与Set-off 抵消条款Events of default 违约事件条款Syndicated loan = Corporate Finance 国际辛迪加贷款/国际商业银团贷款/银团贷款Lead manager 经理行Term sheet 贷款条件清单Mandate letter 委任书Commitment letter 义务承担书Information memorandum 信息备忘录Novation = substitution 更新/合同更新/合同替代Assignment 让与Sub-loans 转贷款Transferable loan certificate = TLC 可转让贷款证Transferable participating certificate = TPC 可转让贷款参与证Transferable loan instrument = TLI 可转让贷款票据Lead manager 牵头银行/经理银行Agent bank 代理银行Participant 参与贷款银行Project finance 国际项目贷款Take or pay contract 提货或付款协议第八章知识产权国际保护的法律制度Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights = TRIPS 《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》Convention Establishing World Intellectual Property Organization 《建立世界知识产权组织公约》World Intellectual Property Organization = WIPO 世界知识产权组织Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property 《保护工业产权巴黎公约》Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works 《保护文学艺术作品伯尔尼公约》/《伯尔尼公约》Universal Copyright Convention 《世界版权公约》Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations = Rome Convention 《保护表演者、录音制品制作者与广播组织罗马公约》Copyright and Related Rights 版权和邻接权Trademark 商标Geographical indications 地理标志Industrial designs 工业品外观设计Patent 专利权Cross-license 交叉许可Layout-designs of integrate circuits 集成电路布图设计/拓扑图IPIC 《集成电路知识产权条约》/《IPIC条约》Protection of undisclosed information 未披露信息的保护Contractual licences 协议许可Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks 《商标国际注册马德里协定》/《马德里协定》Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purpose of the Registration of Marks 《商标注册用商品和服务国际分类尼斯协定》/《尼斯协定》Hologram mark 全息商标Patent Co-operation Treaty 《专利合作条约》International Patent Classification = IPC 国际专利分类法第九章国际税法Tax residence 税收居所The source of income 所得来源地/所得来源国Substantial presence test 实际存在标准OECD 经济合作与发展组织The tie-breaker clause 序列选择性冲突规范的解决原则Effective management 实际管理Principle of permanent establishment 常设机构原则Distinct place 显著的地点Stability, productivity, dependence 稳定性、生产性和依附性Associated permanent establishment 关联性常设机构Unassociated permanent establishment 非关联性常设机构Dependent agent 非独立地位的代理人Principle of fixed base 固定基地原则International double non-taxation 国际双重免税Tax-systematic double taxation 税制性双重征税Juridical double taxation 法律性双重征税Economic double taxation 经济性双重征税Method of tax exemption 免税法/豁免法Method of full exemption 全额免税法Method of exemption with progression 累进免税法Method of tax deduction 扣除法Method of tax credit = foreign tax credit 抵免法/外国税收抵免Full credit 全额抵免Ordinary credit 限额抵免/普通抵免Limitation on credit 抵免限额Direct credit 直接抵免Indirect credit 间接抵免Dividend-deduction system 股息扣除制Split-rate system 分劈税率制/双税率制Imputation credit system 归集抵免制/估算抵免制Schedular treatment 其他处理法International tax sparing credit = shadow tax credit 国际税收绕让抵免/饶让抵免/影子税收抵免/虚构抵免Tax evasion 逃税Tax avoidance 避税Tax refugee 税收逃难者Associated enterprises 跨国关联企业/联属企业Transfer pricing = Transferring price 转移定价/转让价格/划拨价格Arm's length deal 公平市场上的正常交易Tax haven 避税港/避税地Base company 基地公司Thin capitalization 资本弱化Foreign source income 外国来源所得Deferral of domestic taxation 延期纳税/国内纳税递延Unitary entity theory 单一实体论Separate entity theory 独立实体论Controlled foreign company = CFC 受控外国公司Agreement on Exchange of Information in Tax Matters 《税收事务情报交换协定》International tax treaty 国际税收协定/国际税收条约Tax treaty shopping 滥用国际税收协定/套用税收协定Direct conduit company 直接导管公司Stepping-stone conduit company 踏脚导管公司The abstinence approach 禁止法The exclusion approach 排除法The look-through approach 透视法Beneficiary owner 受益所有人The subject-to-tax approach 征税法The channel approach 渠道法The derivative approach 衍生法第十章国际经济争端处理法律制度Mediation or conciliation 调解Arbitration 仲裁/公断International arbitration = Inter-state arbitration国际仲裁/国家间仲裁Domestic arbitration 国内仲裁International commercial arbitration = transnational arbitration 国际商事仲裁/跨国仲裁Subject-matter 客体Commercial 商事Arbitration court of International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会仲裁院CIETAC 中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会CMAC 中国海事仲裁委员会Arbitration clause 仲裁条款Submission agreement 仲裁议定书Lex arbitri 仲裁地法Country of origin 裁决地法Delocalized arbitration 非内国化或非地方化仲裁Anchored 定位于Floating 浮动的Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes = DSU 《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》Dispute settlement body = DSB 争端解决机构Negative consensus 全体一致否决/反向协商一致Good offices, conciliation, mediation 斡旋、调解和调停Composition 组成Compliance panel 相符性专家组/21.5条专家组。
(完整版)国际私法英文专业词汇对照表
索引词表中文索引英文索引AADR解决方法Alternative Dispute ResolutionB巴托鲁斯Bartolus 本地法说Local Law Theory 本国法lex partriae 比较损害方法comparative-impairment approach 并入或采纳adoption 跛脚婚姻limping marriage BOT投资方式Build-Operate-Transfer 部分裁决partial award 布鲁歇Brocher 不歧视待遇non-discriminate treatmentC常设仲裁机构permanent arbitration agency 场所支配行为locus regit actum 承认与执行外国法院判决recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments 程序规范procedure rules 重叠适用的冲突规范double conflict rules 冲突法the conflict of laws 冲突规范conflict rules 船舶抵押权ship mortgage 船舶留置权possessors lien on vessel 船舶碰撞collision船舶所有权ownership of ship 船舶优先权maritime lien 垂直的法律冲突vertical conflict of lawsD达让特莱D’Argentre 代理agency 戴赛Dicey 单边冲突规范unilateral conflict rules 单式运输分合同sub-contracts 单一反致single renvoi 单一破产制unitary bankruptcy 当事人合意选择的法律lex voluntatis 当事人意思自治autonomy of will 德帕涅Despagnet 地理标准geographic criterion 地域效力terr ito ria lity 定期租船合同time charter 定性qualification 东道国法律law of host country 动态连结点variable point of contact 杜摩兰Dumoulin 独任仲裁员sole arbitrator 对人诉讼管辖权in personam jurisdiction 对物诉讼管辖权in rem jurisdiction 多式运输经营人combined transport operatorE二级识别secondary characterization法定继承intestate succession 法定住所s ta tu tor y d o mic ile 法定管辖s ta tu to r y ju r isd ic tio n 法官知法jura novit curia 法律关系本座说Doctrine of the Seat of Particular Legal Relationships 法律规避e v a s i o n o f l a w 法律适用规范rules of application of law 法律选择规范choice-of-law rules 法人legal person 法人的国籍nationality of legal person 法人的住所domicile of legal person 法域law district 法院地法lex fori 法则区别说Statutist Theory 反致r e n v o i 非当地化de-localization 非国内化d e-n a t i o n a l i s e 非内国裁决标准non-domestic award test 非政府组织nongovernmental organization 非自执行条约non-self-executing treaty 废除豁免论The Doctrine of Abolishing Immunity 分割方法choosing and picking, depecage 分类classification 分析法学与比较法说the Theory of Analytical Jurisprudence and Comparative Law 附带问题incidental question 复合破产制pluralism bankruptcy 夫妻关系matrimonial relationship 伏特Voet个案识别说qualification case by case 公共秩序保留reservation of public order 公共政策public policy 共同海损general average 管辖权选择方法jurisdiction-selecting rules 光船租船合同bareboat charter 国籍的积极冲突positive conflict of nationality 国籍的消极冲突negative conflict of nationality 国际保理international factoring 国际贷款协议international loan agreement 国际法律冲突international conflict of laws 国际股票international shares 国际惯例International Usages 国际交往互利Mutual Benefit in International Communication 国际礼让说C o m i t y T h e o r y 国际贸易术语解释通则Incoterms 国际民商法International Civil and commercial Law 国际民商事关系International Civil and commercial legal relations 国际民事案件管辖权international civil jurisdiction 国际民事诉讼程序international civil litigation 国际民事诉讼法International Civil Procedure Law 国际破产international bankruptcy 国际商会仲裁院Court of Arbitration，ICC 国际商事仲裁international commercial arbitration 国际私法Private International Law 国际私法规范rules of private international law 国际司法协助international judicial assistance 国际条约International Conventions 国际统一程序法条约conventions on international procedure law国际统一冲突法条约conventions on conflict of laws 国际统一实体法条约conventions on international uniform substantive law 国际债券international debentures 国际证券international securities 国际仲裁international arbitration 国际组织international organization 国家豁免state immunity 国家及其财产豁免immunities of states and their property 国民待遇National Treatment 国有化nationalizationH海难救助salvage at sea 海事赔偿责任限制limitation of liability for maritime claims 《海牙规则》Hague Rules 《海牙—维斯比规则》Hague-Visby Rules 《汉堡规则》Hamburg Rules 航次租船合同voyage charter 合理的方法rational solution 合同contract 合同缔结地法lex loci contractus 合同自体法理论the proper law of the Contract 横向冲突horizontal conflict 胡伯Huber 互惠说reciprocal 汇票bill of exchange 混合法则statuta mixta 婚姻举行地法lex loci celebrationisJ既得权说the Theory of Vested or Acquired Rights 监护custody 间接代理indirect agency 间接反致indirect remission 间接管辖权indirect international jurisdiction 间接送达indirect service abroad 简易陪审团审判Summary Jury Trial 交互式ODR模式Interactive ODR Venues 结果选择方法result-selecting rules 结婚Marriage 解决投资争端国际中心International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes, ICSID “借用”法规”borrowing” statute 禁治产制度interdiction 静态连结点constant point of contact 居所residence 绝对豁免论The Doctrine of Absolute ImmunityK卡弗斯Cavers 康恩Kahn 客观标志原则the Objective Contacts Doctrine 客观连结点the objective point of contact 柯里Currie 肯塔基方法Kentucky Method 空间法律冲突inter-spatial conflict of laws 库克Cook 库恩K u h nL离婚Divorce 离线仲裁调解机构National Arbitration and Mediation 里斯Reese 立遗嘱能力capacity 连结点point of contact 连结对象object of connection 连结因素connecting factor 临时仲裁、特别仲裁ad hoc arbitration agency 领事裁判权consular jurisdiction 领事代理consular agency 领事途径consular mechanism 领域标准territorial testM美国仲裁协会AAA American Arbitration Association 孟西尼Mancini 民法施行法EGBGBN内国裁决domestic awardOODR Online Dispute ResolutionP票据negotiable instruments 聘请法官Rent-a-Judge 平等豁免论The Doctrine of Equal Immunity 平面的法律冲突horizontal conflict of laws破产bankruptcy 普遍的效力universality 普遍优惠待遇Treatment of Generalized System of PreferenceQ旗国法law of the flag 起作用的事实operative facts 戚希尔Cheshire 侵权行为t o r t 侵权行为地法law of the place of wrong 侵权行为地法lex loci delicti 亲子关系parent-children relationship 区别制separate system 区际私法private inter-regional law 区际法律冲突inter-regional conflict of lawsR人的法则statuta personalia 人际法律冲突Inter-personal conflict of laws 任意性惯例non-exclusive usages 任意管辖权non-exclusive jurisdiction 瑞典斯德哥尔摩商会仲裁院The Arbitration Institute of Stockholm Chamber of CommerceS萨维尼Savigny 商标trade mark 涉外私法Foreign Private Law 涉外因素foreign elements 识别characterization时际法律冲突Inter-temporal conflict of laws 实际国籍nationalitéeffective 实体规范s u b s t a n t i v e r u l e s 世界知识产权组织仲裁中心WIPO Arbitration Center 时效问题Limitation of actions, statute of limitation 实质性连结因素标准material connecting factors criterion 首席仲裁员chief arbitrator 收养a d o p t i o n 属地管辖权territorial jurisdiction 属人法lex personalis 属人管辖权personal jurisdiction 属人理由的豁免immunity ratione personae 属物理由的豁免immunity ratione matrriae 双边冲突规范bilateral conflict rules 双重反致double renvoi 双重可诉原则rule of double actionability 司法标准juridical criterion 司法管辖豁免immunity from jurisdiction 斯托雷S t o r y 诉讼代理litigation agency 诉讼费用担保security for costT特殊管辖权specific jurisdiction 特征性履行方法Characteristic Performance 提单Bill of Lading, L/B 调解mediation or conciliation 挑选法院fo r um shopp ing 同一制unitar y s yste m 推定存活presumption of lifeW瓦赫特尔Waechter 外国裁决foreign award 外国法的适用application of Foreign Laws 外国法内容的查明ascertainment of foreign law 外国法院说foreign court theory 外交途径diplomatic mechanism 魏斯Weiss 问题的分类classification of issues 物的法则statuta realia 物权Real Rights 物之所在地法lex rei sitae; lex situsX系属公式formula 狭义的反致r e m i s s i o n 先决问题preliminary question 限制豁免论The Doctrine of Relative or Restrictive Immunity 香港仲裁中心Hong Kong International Arbitration Center, HKIAC 协议管辖jurisdiction by agreement 小型审判Mini Trial 协商negotiation 信托trusts 行为地法lex loci actus 虚假冲突false conflicts 宣告死亡declaration of absence 选择适用的冲突规范alternative conflict rules 选择住所domicile of choiceY一般管辖权general jurisdiction 一般趋势general trends 依功能分析方法functional analysis approach 依规则选择方法Rule-selection Techniques 一级识别primary characterization 意思自治原则Party Autonomy 遗嘱w i l l s 遗嘱方式有效性formal validity 遗嘱撤销revocation 隐存的法律冲突potential conflict of laws 英国伦敦国际仲裁院London Court of International Arbitration 友好仲裁amiable composition 优惠待遇Preferential Treatment 有利益关系的州interested state 有效控制effective control 域外送达service abroad 域外调查取证extraterritorial discovery and taking evidence abroad 原始住所domicile of originZ真实冲突true Conflicts 争议的国际性质标准the international nature of dispute test 政府利益分析说Governmental Interests Analysis 政府间组织inter-governmental organization 直接管辖权direct international jurisdiction 直接送达direct service 直接调整方法direct approach 殖民地间的法律冲突intercolonial conflict of laws 支票c h e q u e知识产权intellectual property 治外法权说exterritoriality 执行豁免immunity from execution 仲裁a r b i t r a t i o n 仲裁裁决arbitral award 仲裁程序arbitration procedure 仲裁地的主张lex loci sever 仲裁地place of arbitration 仲裁条款arbitration clause 仲裁员异议challenge to arbitrator 仲裁协议arbitration agreement 仲裁协议书submission to arbitration agreement 中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会China International Economic and Trade ArbitrationC o m m i s s i o n,C I E T A C 中国海事仲裁委员会China Maritime Arbitration Commission, CMAC 中间裁决in te r lo cu to r y a wa r d 中央机关途径central authority mechanism 重力中心说the Center of Gravity Test 重力中心地Center of Gravity 纵向冲突ve r tic a l c on f lic t 主观连结点subjective point of contact 住所d o mic ile 住所地法lex domicile 著作权c o p yr ig h t 专利权p a t e n t 专属管辖权excusive jurisdiction 转化transfor mation 转致transmission 准据法applicable law, lex causae 准据法说lex causae准正legitimation 自动执行条约self-executing treaty 自然人权利能力Legal capacity 自然人的行为能力Disposing capacity 自体法说the Proper Law Doctrine 自助式ODR模式Automated ODR Venues 最惠国待遇the Most Favored-nation Treatment, MFN 最密切联系说Doctrine of the Most Significant Relationship 最密切联系地法law of the place of the most significant relationship 最密切联系原则the Most Closest Connect Doctrine 最真实联系说the Most Real Contact Doctrine 最终裁决final award。
组织
联合国机构名称中英对照International Court of Justice 国际法院Security Council 安全理事会General Assembly 联合国大会Secretariat 秘书处Office of the Secretary General 秘书长办公室Office of Legal Affairs 法务局Department of Political and Security Council Affairs 政治安全局Department of Economic and Social Affairs 经济社会局Office of Public Information 公共资料处Department of Conference Services 会议局Office of General Services 总务处United Nation Conference on Trade and Development Secretariat 联合国贸易开发事物局Unite Nation Industrial Development Organization 联合国工业开发机构United Nations Administrative Tribunal 联合国行政裁判所International Law Commission 国际法委员会United Nation s Commission on International Trade Law 国际贸易法委员会Committee on the peaceful Uses of the Seabed and the Ocean Floor beyond the Limits of National Jurisdiction 公海海底海床和平利用特别委员会Enlarged Committee for Program and Coordination, ECPC 扩大计划调整委员会Economic and Social Council 经济社会理事会Statistical Commission 统计委员会Population Commission 人口委员会Commission for Social Development 社会开发委员会Commission on Human Rights 人权委员会Commission on the Status of Women 妇女地位委员会Commission on Narcotic Drugs 麻醉药委员会Council Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations 民间机构委员会Committee on Housing, Building and Planning 住宅建筑企划委员会Committee for Development Planning 开发计划委员会Special Committee on Peace-Keeping Operations 维护和平活动特别委员会United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 联合国贸易开发会议Trade and Development Board, TDB 联合国开发委员会United Nations Development Program, UNDP 联合国开发计划处United Nation Children's Fund, UNICEF 联合国儿童基金会United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 联合国工业开发组织United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 联合国资本开发基金会United Nations Institute for Training and Research, UNITR 联合国调查训练研究所United Nations FAO Intergovernmental Committee of the World Food Program 联合国FAO世界粮食计划国际委员会International Narcotics Control Board, INCB 国际麻醉药管制委员会Trusteeship Council 信托投资理事会International Labor Organization, ILO 国际劳工组织Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO 联合国粮食农业组织United Nation Educational Scientific and Culture Organization, UNESCO 联合国教育科学文化组织International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO 国际民间航空组织World Health Organization, WHO 世界卫生组织International Telecommunications Union, ITU 国际电信同盟World Meteorological Organization, WMO 世界气象组织Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟International Maritime Consultative Organization, IMCO 国际海事协议组织International Finance Corporation, IFC 国际金融组织International Monetary Fund, IMF 国际货币基金会International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, IBRD 世界银行International Development Association, IDA 国际开发协会General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, GA TT 有关关税贸易一般规定International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA 国际原子能组织World Federation of Trade Unions, WFTU 世界劳工组织International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, ICFTU 国际自由劳工联盟International Chamber of Commerce, ICC 国际工农商会International Federation of Agricultural Producers, IFAC 国际农业生产联盟Inter-Parliamentary Union, IPU 诸国会议同盟International Organization of Employers, IOE 国际雇佣者组织World Veterans Federation, WVF 世界退伍军人联盟International Union of Local Authorities, IULA 世界地方自治联盟United Towns Organization, UTO 姊妹市团体联盟重要的世界组织北大西洋公约组织(北约)North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)北美自由贸易区North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA)东盟自由贸易区ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA)非洲经济共同体African Economic Community国际奥林匹克委员会International Olympic Committee (IOC)国际保护自然资源联盟International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)国际红十字International Red Cross (IRC)国际能源机构International Energy Agency (IEA)国际难民组织International Refugee Organization (IRO)国际清算银行Bank for International Settlements (BIS)国际人权联合会International Federation of Human Rights国际移民组织International Organization for Migration (IOM)经济合作与发展组织(经合组织) organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)欧洲联盟(欧盟) European Union (EU)石油输出国组织(欧佩克) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)世界残疾人组织理事会Council of World Organizations Interested in the Handicapped (CWOIH)世界和平理事会World Peace Council (WPC)世界工会联合会(世界工联) World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)世界贸易组织World Trade Organization (WTO)世界青年大会World Assembly of Youth (W AY)亚非会议Asian-African Conference亚太经合组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)亚太安全合作理事会Council on Security Cooperation in Asia and Pacific Region (CSCAP)英联邦British Commonwealth of Nations (Commonwealth)安全理事会Security Council联合国大会General Assembly联合国教育科学文化组织United Nation Educational Scientific and Culture Organization （UNESCO ）世界气象组织World Meteorological Organization （WMO ）国际金融组织International Finance Corporation （IFC)国际货币基金会International Monetary Fund (IMF)国家航空航天局National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)。
国际公法知识点复习考点归纳总结
国际公法复习题一．名词解释国际法国际法主要是国家之间的法律，它是为满足以国家为成员的国际社会需要而产生的，主要是调整国家之间的法律关系确定国家间权利义务的法律原则规则和制度。
他们是通过国际程序而形成的。
国际法编纂是指国际法的法典化，即把国际法的原则、规则和制度制定为系统的条文,并且把正在形成的国际法原则、规则和制度以法典的形式作出规定，以促进国际法的发展。
国家是指由定居在一定范围的领土之上的居民在一个独立自主的政府之下组成的社会。
国家必须具备有固定的居民、确定的领土、政府和主权四个要素，国家是国际法的基本的主体。
国际争端：国际争端是国际法的两个主体间关于法律上或事实上的论点的分歧，法律上的见解或利益的矛盾对立，国际争端主要是国家之间的争端。
调停由第三方代表在争端当事国间做些有利谈判的斡旋工作，并提出解决争端的建议，并且可以参加谈判。
国际法基本原则是指那些被各国公认或接受的、具有普遍约束力的、适用于国际法各个领域的、构成国际法基础的法律原则。
．外交团外交团是由驻在一国的各国外交使节全体组成的团体。
他是礼节性的团体、其团长由到任最早等级最高的使馆馆长担任。
他不具有任何法律职能。
国际组织一般指由若干国家的政府、民间团体或个人为特定的国际合作目的通过协议而创立的常设国际机构。
国际法意义上的国际组织是指由若干个国家的政府为特定的国际合作目的，依据国际条约而设立的国际常设机构，即政府间国际组织。
国家承认即对国家的承认，通常是指既有国家确认某一实体为国际法意义上的国家并表示愿意与之交往的行为。
国家继承是指一国对某一领土的国际关系所负的责任由别国取代。
国家责任：国家责任是指国家对其国际不当行为所应负担的国际法律责任。
国家责任的执行：国家责任的执行是指从事国际不当行为的国家履行因其不当行为而对受害国所负担的有关义务，其目的和作用在于消除国际不当行为的后果，从而有效地维护受害国的权利。
国家债务：国家债务是指被继承国对另一国家、某一国际组织或其他国际法主体所负担的任何的财政义务。
国际公法_英文名解汇总_纲目版
国际公法_英文名解汇总_纲目版国际公法英文名解汇总纲目版第一章国际法导论International law 国际法Jus civile 市民法Jus gentium 万民法Jus inter gentes = law of nations 万国法/万国公法Positive morality 实在道德International comity 国际礼让Treaty on European Union = Treaty of Maastricht 《欧洲联盟条约》/《马斯特里赫特条约》Naturalists 自然法学派Solidarists 社会连带法学派Normativists 规范法学派Positivists 实在法学派Sources of law = sources du droit = fontes juris 法律渊源Monism 一元论Dualism 二元论第二章国际法基本原则Jus cogens 强行法/强制法/绝对法Sovereignty 主权The Right of People to Self-determination 民族自决权第三章国际法主体Single State 单一国Federation 联邦Confederation 邦联Protected State 被保护国Permanent Ueutralized State 永久中立国Fundamental Right 基本权利Secondary Rights 派生权利Right of Independence 独立权Right of Equality 平等权Right of Self-preservation 自保权Right of Jurisdiction 国家管辖权Territorial Jurisdiction 属地管辖权/属地优越权Personal Jurisdiction = nationality jurisdiction = active personality principle 属人管辖权/国籍管辖/积极国籍管辖Protective Jurisdiction = passive personality principle 保护性管辖权/消极国籍管辖Universal Jurisdiction 普遍性管辖权Judicial immunities 外国国家的司法豁免权Recognition 国际法上的承认Effective control 有效统治Succession 国际法上的继承第四章国际法上的居民Nationality 国籍Inhabitant 居民Original nationality 原始国籍/出生国籍Jus sanguinis 血统主义Jus soli 出生地主义Acquired nationality 因加入而取得国籍Naturalization 入籍/归化Release 放弃（国籍）Deprive 剥夺（国籍）Dual nationality 双重国籍Active conflicts 国籍的积极抵触Stateless person 无国籍人Passive conflicts 国籍的消极抵触Alien 外国人Deportation 驱逐出境National treatment = doctrine of equality of treatment = NT 国民待遇/平等待遇原则International standard of treatment “文明世界”的“国际标准”/“最低标准”Most favorable national treatment = MFNT 最惠国待遇Differential treatment 差别待遇Extradition 引渡Principle of Non-extradition of Political Offenders 政治犯不引渡原则Attentat clause = Assassination Clause 行刺条款/比利时行刺条款/暗杀条款Principle of identity 相同原则/罪名同一原则/双重犯罪原则Principle of speciality 罪行特定原则Asylum 庇护Territorial asylum 领域庇护/域内庇护Extra-territorial asylum 域外庇护Refugee 难民Nansen passport 南森护照Convention refugees 公约难民Mandate refugees 章程难民Principle of non-refoulement 不推回原则/禁止驱逐、送还原则Diplomatic protection 外交保护Doctrine of continuous nationality 国籍连续原则Exhaustion of local remedies 用尽国内救济原则Calvo clause 卡尔沃条款Calvo doctrine 卡尔沃主义第五章国家法律责任International responsibility 国际法律责任/国际责任Primary rules 确定合法、非法的行为规则/是非规则/首要规则Secondary rules 国际法律责任规则/一般法律责任规则/责任规则/次级规则Distress 危难Necessity 危急情况Restitution 恢复原状Reparation 广义赔偿Compensation 狭义赔偿/经济赔偿Satisfaction 抵偿第六章领土法Land territory 领陆Territory Waters 领水Air space 领空Subsoil beneath state territory 底土Enclave 飞地Ownership 所有权Domination 统治权Condominium 共管Leased territory 租借International servitude 国际地役Internal waters 内水Internal rivers 内河Boundary rivers 界河Non-national rivers 多国河流International rivers 国际河流Inter-oceanic canals 通洋运河Occupation 先占/占领Vacant land 无主地Effective occupation 有效占领Prescription 时效Accretion 添附Cession 割让Conquest 征服Plebiscite 全民投票/全民公决Self-determination of peoples 民族自决The exchange of territory 交换领土Reversionary rights 收复失地Boundaries of state territory 国家边界第七章国际海洋法The common heritage of mankind 人类共同继承财产The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 《联合国海洋法公约》Base line 基线Normal baseline 正常基线Straight baseline 直线基线Archipelagic baseline 群岛基线Innocent passage 无害通过Contiguous zone 毗连区/邻接区/海上特别区Exclusive economic zone 专属经济区Continental shelf 大陆架High seas 公海Flag of convenience 方便旗Right of visit 登临权/临检权Right of hot pursuit 紧追权Straits used for international navigation 用于国际航行的海峡Transit passage 过境通行Archipelagic waters 群岛水域Right of archipelagic sea lanes passage 群岛海道通过权International sea-bed area 国际海底区域Single exploitation system 单一开发制Parallel exploitation system 平行开发制第八章国际航空法Air defence identification zone = ADIZ 防空识别区/空中识别区Cabotage 国内载运权The International Civil Aviation Organization = ICAO 国际民用航空组织Dol = wilful misconduct （承运人的）加害行为/故意造成损害的不法行为/故意的行为/不在乎地不顾后果的行为Two tier liability “双梯度”责任制度/两级责任制Aut dedere aut judicare 或引渡或起诉原则Aut dedere aut punier 或引渡或处罚第九章外层空间法Outer space 外层空间第十章国际环境法Sustainable development 可持续发展Pollution from vessels 船舶污染Pollution by dumping 控制海洋倾倒Pollution from land-based sources 陆源污染第十一章外交关系法Consular provision 委任文凭Consular exequatur 领事证书Diplomatic relations 外交关系Consular relations 领事关系Diplomatic Privileges andImmunities外交特权与豁免第十三章国际条约法The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 《维也纳条约法公约》Treaty 条约Convention 公约Convention 专约Agreement 协定Protocol 议定书Final act 最后议定书/蒇事议定书Covenant 盟约Charter 宪章Statute 规约Exchange of Notes 换文Declaration 宣言Joint statement 联合声明Bilateral treaty 双边条约Multilateral treaty 多边条约Negotiation （条约）谈判Full power 全权证书Adoption 议定Authentication 认证Signature 签署Ratification 批准Accession 加入Reservation 保留Registration 登记Publication 公布Pacta sunt servanda 条约必须遵守原则Pacta tertiis nec nocent nec prosunt 约定对第三者既无损，也无益Termination 条约的终止Invalidation 条约的失效Suspension 条约的暂停施行/条约的中止/条约的停止施行Interpretation 条约的解释Revision 条约的修订Amendment 条约的修正Modification 条约的修改第十四章国际组织法International organization 国际组织Inter-governmental organization 政府间组织International institutional law 国际组织法Concert of Europe 欧洲协商Non-governmental organization 非政府间国际组织Organization of petroleum exporting countries = OPEC 石油输出机构/石油输出国组织Organization for economic cooperation and development = OECD 经济协力开发机构/经济合作与发展组织/经合组织General Assembly 联合国大会Security Council 安全理事会/安理会Economic and Social Council 经济与社会理事会/经社理事会Trusteeship Council 托管理事会International Court of Justice 国际法院Secretariat 秘书处Specialized International Organization 专门性国际组织Specialized Agencies 联合国专门机构International telecommunication union = ITU 国际电信联盟Universal postal union = UPU 万国邮政联盟World meteorological organization = WMO 世界气象组织World health organization = WHO 世界卫生组织International labour organization = ILO 国际劳工组织Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations = FAO 联合国粮食及农业组织/联合国粮农组织United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization = UNESCO 联合国教科文组织International monetary fund = IMF 国际货币基金组织International bank for reconstruction and development = IBRD 国际复兴开发银行/世界银行International civil aviation organization = ICAO 国际民用航空组织International finance corporation = IFC 国际金融公司International maritime organization = IMO 国际海事组织International development association = IDA 国际开发协会World intellectual property organization = WIPO 世界知识产权组织International fund of agricultural development = IFAD 国际农业发展基金（组织）United Nations Industrial Development Organization = UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织World trade organization = WTO 世界贸易组织International atomic energy agency = IAEA 国际原子能机构Collective security 集体安全保障Peace-keeping operations = PKO 联合国维持和平行动Regional organization 区域性国际组织Organization of American States = OAS美洲国家组织Arab League = League of Arab States = AL = LAS 阿拉伯国家联盟/阿拉伯联盟/阿盟African union = AU 非洲联盟/非盟Organization of African Unity = OAU 非洲统一组织/非统组织Association of Southeast Asian Nations = ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟/东盟European community = EC 欧洲共同体ECSC 欧洲煤钢共同体EUBATOM 欧洲原子能共同体EEC 欧洲经济共同体European union = EU 欧洲联盟Shanghai Cooperation Organization =SCO 上海合作组织/上合组织Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation organization = APEC 亚太经合组织第十五章国际人权法Human Rights 人权The responsibility to protect 保护的责任The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 《世界人权宣言》The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》The International Covenant onEconomic,Social and Cultural Rights 《经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》第十六章国际刑法International criminal law 国际刑法International crimes 国际犯罪The direct enforcement model 直接执行模式The indirect enforcement model 间接执行模式International penal judicial assistance 国际刑事司法协助Extradition 引渡Principle of non-extradition of political offenders 政治犯不引渡原则Assassination Clause = Attentat clause 行刺条款/暗杀条款/比利时行刺条款Transfer jurisdiction of criminal procedure 刑事诉讼移管/刑事诉讼移转管辖Recognition and enforcement of foreign penal judgements 外国刑事判决的承认和执行International criminal jurisdiction 国际刑事管辖第十七章国际争端法International disputes 国际争端Legal disputes = justiciable disputes 法律性质的争端/可裁判的争端Political disputes = Non-justiciable disputes 政治性质的争端/不可裁判的争端Compulsive means 强制方法Negotiation 谈判Consultation 协商Good office 斡旋Mediation 调停International inquiry 国际调查/调查Conciliation 和解/调解Bryan peace treaties 《布赖恩和平条约》/冷却条约International arbitration 国际仲裁/国际公断Jay treaty 杰伊条约Permanent court of arbitration 常设仲裁法院Judicial settlement 司法解决The permanent court of international justice 常设国际法院International court of justice 国际法院Contentious jurisdiction 诉讼管辖权Optional compulsory jurisdiction 任意强制管辖Connally reservation 康纳利保留条款Advisory jurisdiction 咨询管辖权Regional agency = Regional arrangement 区域机关/区域办法第十八章战争法Law of war 战争法Law of armed conflict 武装冲突法Animo belligerendi 交战意向Jus ad bellum 诉诸战争权Suspension of arms 停战Surrender 投降International humanitarian law 国际人道法Crimes against humanity 违反人道罪War time neutrality 战时中立War neutrality law 战时中立法Permanent neutralized state 永久中立国/中立化国家War crimes 战争犯罪。
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国际公法英文名解汇总纲目版第一章国际法导论International law 国际法Jus civile 市民法Jus gentium 万民法Jus inter gentes = law of nations 万国法/万国公法Positive morality 实在道德International comity 国际礼让Treaty on European Union = Treaty of Maastricht 《欧洲联盟条约》/《马斯特里赫特条约》Naturalists 自然法学派Solidarists 社会连带法学派Normativists 规范法学派Positivists 实在法学派Sources of law = sources du droit = fontes juris 法律渊源Monism 一元论Dualism 二元论第二章国际法基本原则Jus cogens 强行法/强制法/绝对法Sovereignty 主权The Right of People to Self-determination 民族自决权第三章国际法主体Single State 单一国Federation 联邦Confederation 邦联Protected State 被保护国Permanent Ueutralized State 永久中立国Fundamental Right 基本权利Secondary Rights 派生权利Right of Independence 独立权Right of Equality 平等权Right of Self-preservation 自保权Right of Jurisdiction 国家管辖权Territorial Jurisdiction 属地管辖权/属地优越权Personal Jurisdiction = nationality jurisdiction = active personality principle 属人管辖权/国籍管辖/积极国籍管辖Protective Jurisdiction = passive personality principle 保护性管辖权/消极国籍管辖Universal Jurisdiction 普遍性管辖权Judicial immunities 外国国家的司法豁免权Recognition 国际法上的承认Effective control 有效统治Succession 国际法上的继承第四章国际法上的居民Nationality 国籍Inhabitant 居民Original nationality 原始国籍/出生国籍Jus sanguinis 血统主义Jus soli 出生地主义Acquired nationality 因加入而取得国籍Naturalization 入籍/归化Release 放弃（国籍）Deprive 剥夺（国籍）Dual nationality 双重国籍Active conflicts 国籍的积极抵触Stateless person 无国籍人Passive conflicts 国籍的消极抵触Alien 外国人Deportation 驱逐出境National treatment = doctrine of equality of treatment = NT 国民待遇/平等待遇原则International standard of treatment “文明世界”的“国际标准”/“最低标准”Most favorable national treatment = MFNT 最惠国待遇Differential treatment 差别待遇Extradition 引渡Principle of Non-extradition of Political Offenders 政治犯不引渡原则Attentat clause = Assassination Clause 行刺条款/比利时行刺条款/暗杀条款Principle of identity 相同原则/罪名同一原则/双重犯罪原则Principle of speciality 罪行特定原则/罪名专用原则或专一原则Asylum 庇护Territorial asylum 领域庇护/域内庇护Extra-territorial asylum 域外庇护Refugee 难民Nansen passport 南森护照Convention refugees 公约难民Mandate refugees 章程难民Principle of non-refoulement 不推回原则/禁止驱逐、送还原则Diplomatic protection 外交保护Doctrine of continuous nationality 国籍连续原则Exhaustion of local remedies 用尽国内救济原则Calvo clause 卡尔沃条款Calvo doctrine 卡尔沃主义第五章国家法律责任International responsibility 国际法律责任/国际责任Primary rules 确定合法、非法的行为规则/是非规则/首要规则Secondary rules 国际法律责任规则/一般法律责任规则/责任规则/次级规则Distress 危难Necessity 危急情况Restitution 恢复原状Reparation 广义赔偿Compensation 狭义赔偿/经济赔偿Satisfaction 抵偿第六章领土法Land territory 领陆Territory Waters 领水Air space 领空Subsoil beneath state territory 底土Enclave 飞地Ownership 所有权Domination 统治权Condominium 共管Leased territory 租借International servitude 国际地役Internal waters 内水Internal rivers 内河Boundary rivers 界河Non-national rivers 多国河流International rivers 国际河流Inter-oceanic canals 通洋运河Occupation 先占/占领Vacant land 无主地Effective occupation 有效占领Prescription 时效Accretion 添附Cession 割让Conquest 征服Plebiscite 全民投票/全民公决Self-determination of peoples 民族自决The exchange of territory 交换领土Reversionary rights 收复失地Boundaries of state territory 国家边界第七章国际海洋法The common heritage of mankind 人类共同继承财产The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 《联合国海洋法公约》Base line 基线Normal baseline 正常基线Straight baseline 直线基线Archipelagic baseline 群岛基线Innocent passage 无害通过Contiguous zone 毗连区/邻接区/海上特别区Exclusive economic zone 专属经济区Continental shelf 大陆架High seas 公海Flag of convenience 方便旗Right of visit 登临权/临检权Right of hot pursuit 紧追权Straits used for international navigation 用于国际航行的海峡Transit passage 过境通行Archipelagic waters 群岛水域Right of archipelagic sea lanes passage 群岛海道通过权International sea-bed area 国际海底区域Single exploitation system 单一开发制Parallel exploitation system 平行开发制第八章国际航空法Air defence identification zone = ADIZ 防空识别区/空中识别区Cabotage 国内载运权The International Civil Aviation Organization = ICAO 国际民用航空组织Dol = wilful misconduct （承运人的）加害行为/故意造成损害的不法行为/故意的行为/不在乎地不顾后果的行为Two tier liability “双梯度”责任制度/两级责任制Aut dedere aut judicare 或引渡或起诉原则Aut dedere aut punier 或引渡或处罚第九章外层空间法Outer space 外层空间第十章国际环境法Sustainable development 可持续发展Pollution from vessels 船舶污染Pollution by dumping 控制海洋倾倒Pollution from land-based sources 陆源污染第十一章外交关系法Consular provision 委任文凭Consular exequatur 领事证书第十三章国际条约法The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties《维也纳条约法公约》Treaty 条约Convention 公约Convention 专约Agreement 协定Protocol 议定书Final act 最后议定书/蒇事议定书Covenant 盟约Charter 宪章Statute 规约Exchange of Notes 换文Declaration 宣言Joint statement 联合声明Bilateral treaty 双边条约Multilateral treaty 多边条约Negotiation （条约）谈判Full power 全权证书Adoption 议定Authentication 认证Signature 签署Ratification 批准Accession 加入Reservation 保留Registration 登记Publication 公布Pacta sunt servanda 条约必须遵守原则Pacta tertiis nec nocent nec prosunt 约定对第三者既无损，也无益Termination 条约的终止Invalidation 条约的失效Suspension 条约的暂停施行/条约的中止/条约的停止施行Interpretation 条约的解释Revision 条约的修订Amendment 条约的修正Modification 条约的修改第十四章国际组织法International organization 国际组织Inter-governmental organization 政府间组织International institutional law 国际组织法Concert of Europe 欧洲协商Non-governmental organization 非政府间国际组织Organization of petroleum exporting countries = OPEC 石油输出机构/石油输出国组织Organization for economic cooperation and development = OECD 经济协力开发机构/经济合作与发展组织/经合组织General Assembly 联合国大会Security Council 安全理事会/安理会Economic and Social Council 经济与社会理事会/经社理事会Trusteeship Council 托管理事会International Court of Justice 国际法院Secretariat 秘书处Specialized International Organization 专门性国际组织Specialized Agencies 联合国专门机构International telecommunication union = ITU 国际电信联盟Universal postal union = UPU 万国邮政联盟World meteorological organization = WMO 世界气象组织World health organization = WHO 世界卫生组织International labour organization = ILO 国际劳工组织Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations = FAO 联合国粮食及农业组织/联合国粮农组织United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization = UNESCO 联合国教科文组织International monetary fund = IMF 国际货币基金组织International bank for reconstruction and development = IBRD 国际复兴开发银行/世界银行International civil aviation organization = ICAO 国际民用航空组织International finance corporation = IFC 国际金融公司International maritime organization = IMO 国际海事组织International development association = IDA 国际开发协会World intellectual property organization = WIPO 世界知识产权组织International fund of agricultural development = IFAD 国际农业发展基金（组织）United Nations Industrial Development Organization = UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织World trade organization = WTO 世界贸易组织International atomic energy agency = IAEA 国际原子能机构Collective security 集体安全保障Peace-keeping operations = PKO 联合国维持和平行动Regional organization 区域性国际组织Organization of American States = OAS美洲国家组织Arab League = League of Arab States = AL = LAS 阿拉伯国家联盟/阿拉伯联盟/阿盟African union = AU 非洲联盟/非盟Organization of African Unity = OAU 非洲统一组织/非统组织Association of Southeast Asian Nations = ASEAN东南亚国家联盟/东盟European community = EC 欧洲共同体ECSC 欧洲煤钢共同体EUBATOM 欧洲原子能共同体EEC 欧洲经济共同体European union = EU 欧洲联盟Shanghai Cooperation Organization =SCO 上海合作组织/上合组织Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation organization = APEC 亚太经合组织第十五章国际人权法Human Rights 人权The responsibility to protect 保护的责任The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 《世界人权宣言》The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》The International Covenant on Economic,Social and Cultural Rights 《经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》第十六章国际刑法International criminal law 国际刑法International crimes 国际犯罪The direct enforcement model 直接执行模式The indirect enforcement model 间接执行模式International penal judicial assistance 国际刑事司法协助Extradition 引渡Principle of non-extradition of political offenders 政治犯不引渡原则Assassination Clause = Attentat clause 行刺条款/暗杀条款/比利时行刺条款Transfer jurisdiction of criminal procedure 刑事诉讼移管/刑事诉讼移转管辖Recognition and enforcement of foreign penal judgements 外国刑事判决的承认和执行International criminal jurisdiction 国际刑事管辖第十七章国际争端法International disputes 国际争端Legal disputes = justiciable disputes 法律性质的争端/可裁判的争端Political disputes = Non-justiciable disputes 政治性质的争端/不可裁判的争端Compulsive means 强制方法Negotiation 谈判Consultation 协商Good office 斡旋Mediation 调停International inquiry 国际调查/调查Conciliation 和解/调解Bryan peace treaties 《布赖恩和平条约》/冷却条约International arbitration 国际仲裁/国际公断Jay treaty 杰伊条约Permanent court of arbitration 常设仲裁法院Judicial settlement 司法解决The permanent court of international justice 常设国际法院International court of justice 国际法院Contentious jurisdiction 诉讼管辖权Optional compulsory jurisdiction 任意强制管辖Connally reservation 康纳利保留条款Advisory jurisdiction 咨询管辖权Regional agency = Regional arrangement 区域机关/区域办法第十八章战争法Law of war 战争法Law of armed conflict 武装冲突法Animo belligerendi 交战意向Jus ad bellum 诉诸战争权Suspension of arms 停战Surrender 投降International humanitarian law 国际人道法Crimes against humanity 违反人道罪War time neutrality 战时中立War neutrality law 战时中立法Permanent neutralized state 永久中立国/中立化国家War crimes 战争犯罪。