2017年12月六级真题(第一套)
2017年12月英语六级试题真题及答案解析
2017年12月英语六级试题真题及答案解析2017年12月的大学英语六级考试已经结束了，考生最想知道的就是考试的答案了。
下面店铺整理了2017年12月英语六级试题真题及答案解析，供大家参考!2017年12月英语六级试题真题及答案解析Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on invention. Your essay should include the importance of invention and measures to be taken to encourage invention. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.参考范文My View on InventionDrawing a comparison between modern life and ancient life, we cannot imagine what life will be like now without invention. Invention must be attached great importance to, as it is invention that contributes to the advancement of our society. There are several examples which can be cited to illustrate this concept. I can think of no better illustration than the following one. If Edison hadn't invented the light bulb, we would have lived a life as the blind in the night.Given that invention plays such an essential role in our life, what can we do to cultivate this precious spirit? For one thing, it is advisable for the social media and publicity department to vigorously inform the public of the importance of invention. For another, the relevant authority should set up favorable regulations to encourage invention. For example, they can set up the practice of giving premiums or issuing patent certificate toinventors.Finally, I want to use the following saying as our mutual encouragement, “Invention is the spirit of human being’s progress.”At no time should we underestimate the power of invention. Therefore, when an idea comes to your mind next time, just make your own invention.Part Ⅱ Listening ComprehensionSection A1. C) It links the science of climate change to economic and policy issues.2. B) It would be more costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it.3. A) The transition to low-carbon energy systems.4. C) Plan well in advance.5. B) What determines success.6. D) It means being good at seizing opportunities.7. D) Practice is essential to becoming good at something.8. C) Being passionate about work can make one wealthy.Section B9. A) The stump of a giant tree.10. B) Wind and water.11. D) It was created by supernatural powers.12. C) By lifting them well above the ground.13. A) They will buy something from the convenience stores.14. A) They can bring only temporary pleasures.15. D) Small daily savings can make a big difference in one’s life.Section C16. B) They are necessary in our lives.18. B) They feel too overwhelmed to deal with life’sproblems.18. A) They expand our mind.19. B) It came from a 3D printer.20. C) When she was studying at a fashion design school.21. C) It was hard and breakable.22. D) It marks a breakthrough in printing material.23. A) They arise from the advances in technology.24. D) It is intensely competitive.25. D) Sharing of costs with each other.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension选词填空26. G) hypotheses 假设27. B) contextual 上下文的，情境的，前后关联的28. A) arena 舞台，竞技场29. C) convincing 有说服力的，使人信服的30. I) incorporate 合并，使并入31 .D) devoted献身于，把…专用于32 .N) reaping 收获33 .E) digits 数字34 .M) pride 以...自豪35 .F) hasten 加速长篇阅读36. D) For instance, new technologies that are building upon existing technology have not found their footing well enough to appeal to a mass audience…37. K)That, too, explains the heavy Washington presence at this year’s show, as these new technologies intrude upon heavily regulated areas.38. B) In some ways, the answer is yes. For years, smartphones, televisions, tablets, laptops and desktops…39. L) Curran, the Accenture analyst, said that increased government interest in the show makes sense as technology becomes a larger part of our lives.40. F) “So much of what CES has been about is the cool. It is about the flashiness and the gadgets,”…41. A) Scan the highlights of this year’s Consumer Electronics Show (CES), and you may get a slight feeling of having seen them before.42. H) And when it comes to the hyper-connected super-smart world that technology firms are painting for us…43. E) Companies are promoting their own standards, and the marker has not had time to choose a winner yet as this is still very new.44. I) Companies have already won part of the battle, having driving tech into every part of our lives…45. C) Basically the tech industry seems to be in an awkward period now.篇章阅读Passage One46. A) it is unfair to those climate-vulnerable nations47. C) They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused.48. C) They have to bear consequences they are not responsible for.49. B) There is no final agreement on where it will come from.50. D) Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once.Passage Two51. C) Teenagers’mental problems are often too conspicuous not to be observed.52. D) Many hitherto unobserved youngsters may havepsychological problems.53. B) Their behaviors do not constitute a warning signal.54. A) They are almost as liable to depression as the high-risk group.55. B) It provides new early-warning signals for identifying teens in trouble.Part Ⅳ Translation(30 minutes)参考译文With the improvement of living standards, holiday is occupying a more and more prominent position in Chinese people’s life. In the past, making a living takes most of Chinese people’s time, which gives them rare chance to go off on a trip. However, tourism has undergone rapid growth in China for the past few years. The prosperity of economy and the emergence of the affluent middle class trigger an unprecedented tourism boom. Not only does domestic traveling become common, but traveling abroad is also enjoying an increasing popularity among Chinese people. During the National Day holidays in 2016, tourism consumption amounts to more than 400 billion yuan. According to the statistical data by the World Trade Organization, China will have become the world's largest tourism country by 2020, and she will also see the fastest growth in overseas traveling expenditure in the next few years.。
2017年大学英语六级考试真题及答案详解
2017年大学英语六级考试真题及答案详解Part I Writing (30 minutes)Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My Views on University Ranking. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 目前高校排名相当盛行;2. 对于这种做法人们看法不一;3. 在我看来……My Views on University RankingPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Into the UnknownThe world has never seen population ageing before. Can it cope?Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older. The UN had the foresight to convene a “world assembly on ageing” back in 1982, but that came and went. By 1994 the World Bank had noticed that something big was happening. In a report entitled “Averting the Old Age Crisis”, it argued that pension arrangements in most countries were unsustainable.For the next ten years a succession of books, mainly by Americans, sounded the alarm. They had titles like Young vs Old, Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm, and their message was blunt: health-care systems were heading for the rocks, pensioners were taking young people to the cleaners, and soon there would be intergenerational warfare.Since then the debate has become less emotional, not least because a lot more is known about the subject. Books, conferences and research papers have multiplied. International organisations such as the OECD and the EU issue regular reports. Population ageing is on every agenda, from G8 economic conferences to NATO summits. The World Economic Forum plans to consider the future of pensions and health care at its prestigious Davos conference early next year. The media, including this newspaper, are giving the subject extensive coverage.Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question. Governments in rich countries now accept that their pension and health-care promises will soon become unaffordable, and many of them have embarked on reforms, but so far only timidly. That is not surprising: politicians with an eye on the next election will hardly rushto introduce unpopular measures that may not bear fruit for years, perhaps decades.The outline of the changes needed is clear. To avoid fiscal (财政) meltdown, public pensions and health-care provision will have to be reined back severely and taxes may have to go up. By far the most effective method to restrain pension spending is to give people the opportunity to work longer, because it increases tax revenues and reduces spending on pensions at the same time. It may even keep them alive longer. John Rother, the AARP’s head of policy and strategy, points to studies showing that other things being equal, people who remain at work have lower death rates than their retired peers.Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that their pensions will be less generous. Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worth holding on to. That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from, partly thanks to the post-war baby-boom and partly because over the past few decades many more women have entered the labour force, increasing employers’ choice. But the reservoir of women able and willing to take up paid work is running low, and the baby-boomers are going grey.In many countries immigrants have been filling such gaps in the labour force as have already emerged (and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off). Immigration in the developed world is the highest it has ever been, and it is making a useful difference. In still-fertile America it currently accounts for about 40% of total population growth, and in fast-ageing western Europe for about 90%.On the face of it, it seems the perfect solution. Many developing countries have lots of young people in need of jobs; many rich countries need helping hands that will boost tax revenues and keep up economic growth. But over the next few decades labour forces in rich countries are set to shrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate: to at least twice their current size in western Europe’s most youthful countries, and three times in the older ones. Japan would need a large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present. Public opinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high. Further big increases would be politically unfeasible.To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root, “old” countries would have to rejuvenate (使年轻) themselves by having more of their own children. A number of them have tried, some more successfully than others. But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives or providing more child care. Modern urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large families. Women find it hard to combine family and career. They often compromise by having just one child.And if fertility in ageing countries does not pick up? It will notbe the end of the world, at least not for quite a while yet, but the world will slowly become a different place. Older societies may be less innovative and more strongly disinclined to take risks than younger ones. By 2025 at the latest, about half the voters in America and most of those in western European countries will be over 50—and older people turn out to vote in much greater number than younger ones. Academic studies have found no evidence so far that older voters have used their power at the ballot box to push for policies that specifically benefit them, though if in future there are many more of them they might start doing so.Nor is there any sign of the intergenerational warfare predicted in the 1990s. After all, older people themselves mostly have families. In a recent study of parents and grown-up children in 11 European countries, Karsten Hank of Mannheim University found that 85% of them lived within 25km of each other and the majority of them were in touch at least once a week.Even so, the shift in the centre of gravity to older age groups is bound to have a profound effect on societies, not just economically and politically but in all sorts of other ways too. Richard Jackson and Neil Howe of America’s CSIS, in a thoughtful book called The Graying of the Great Powers, argue that, among other things, the ageing of the developed countries will have a number of serious security implications.For example, the shortage of young adults is likely to make countries more reluctant to commit the few they have to military service. In the decades to 2050, America will find itself playing an ever-increasing role in the developed world’s defence effort. Because America’s population will still be growing when that of most other developed countries is shrinking, America will be the only developed country that still matters geopolitically (地缘政治上).Ask me in 2020There is little that can be done to stop population ageing, so the world will have to live with it. But some of the consequences can be alleviated. Many experts now believe that given the right policies, the effects, though grave, need not be catastrophic. Most countries have recognised the need to do something and are beginning to act.But even then there is no guarantee that their efforts will work. What is happening now is historically unprecedented. Ronald Lee, director of the Centre on the Economics and Demography of Ageing at the University of California, Berkeley, puts it briefly and clearly: “We don’t really know what population ageing will be like, because nobody has done it yet. “注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
新东方李超：2017年12月英语六级阅读真题及答案解析汇总(官方完整版2).doc
A)dependent形容词：依靠的，依赖的，固定搭配be dependent on…
B)Embarking分词：上船
C)Emergency名词：紧急情况
D)feeding分词：喂
E)grazes动词：放牧，吃草，吃零食，擦过
F)halted分词或动词过去式：停止
G)handful名词：一把 固定搭配a handful of
英语六级阅读解析 第一套Section A
In the past 12 months,Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, anda prolonged fuel shortage.Now, Africa’s largest in facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have
H)multitude名词：大量 固定搭配a multitudeof
I)originated分词或动词过去式：起源originate from
J) reduction名词：减少量，简化
K) reproduces动词：复制
L) security名词：安全
M)terror名词：恐惧
N) unchecked形容词：不加约束的
2017年12月份英语六级(CET6)真题与答案(卷一)
2017年12月份英语六级（CET6）真题与答案（卷一）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Respect others, and you will be respected. " you can cite examples to ilustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200。
Part IIListening comprehension(30miutes)Section aQuestions1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard1.a)they reward businesses that eliminate food wasteb)they prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stalec) they facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needyd) they forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed2. a)it imposed penalties on businesses that waste foodb)it passed a law aiming to stop overproductionC)it voted gainst food import from outside europed) it prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.3. a) it has warmed its people against possible food shortage.b) it has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foodsc)it has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.d) it has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.4 .a)the confusion over food expiration labels.b)the surplus resulting from overproductionc)americans' habit of buying food in bulkd)a lack of regulation on food consumptionQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. a) it has started a week-long promotion campaign.b)it has just launched its annual anniversary salesc) it offers regular weekend sales all the year roundd)it specializes in the sale of ladies designer dresses6. a)price reductions for its frequent customers.b)coupons for customers with bulk purchases.c)free delivery of purchases for senior customers.d) price adjustments within seven days of purchase.7. a)mail a gift card to her.b) allow her to buy on credic) credit it to her accountd) give her some coupons.8. a) refunding for goods returnedb) free installing of appliances.c)prolonged goods warranty.d)complimentary tailoringSection bDirections: in this section, you will hear two passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear Iree or four questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard9. a)they are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.b)they have more than twenty different hair texturesc)they have twenty-four different body shapes in totald)they represent people from virtually all walks of life.10.a)they do not reflect young girls aspirationsb)they are not sold together with the originalc) their flat feet do not appeal to adolescentsd) their body shapes have not changed much11. a)in toy storesb) in shopping malls.c)on the internetd)at barbie shopsQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. a )moveable metal type began to be used in printingb) chinese printing technology was first introducec)the earliest known book was publishedd) metal type was imported from korea13. a) it had more than a hundred printing presses.b)it was the biggest printer in the 16th century.c) it helped the german people become literate.d) it produced some 20 million volumes in total14. a)it pushed handwritten books out of circulation.b)it boosted the circulation of popular works.c)it made writing a very profitable career.d) it provided readers with more choices.15. a) it accelerated the extinction of the latin language.b) it standardized the publication of grammar books.c) turned translation into a welcome profession.d) it promoted the growth of national languagesSection cDirections: in this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. the recordings will be played only once. after you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, c and d)Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. a) they get bored after working for a period of time.b) they spend an average of one year finding a job.c)they become stuck in the same job for decades.d) they choose a job without thinking it through.17. a)see if there will be chances for promotion.b)find out what job choices are available.c)watch a film about ways of job hunting.d) decide which job is most attractive to you.18. a)the qualifications you have.b)the pay you are going to get.c)the culture of your target company.d) the work environment you will be in.19. a) it is as important as christmas for african-americans.b) it is a cultural festival founded for african-americans.c) it is an ancient festival celebrated by african-americans.d) it is a religious festival celebrated by african-americans20. a)to urge african-americans to do more for society.b) to call on african-americans to worship their godsc) to help african-americans to realize their goals.d) to remind african-americans of their sufferings.21. a)faith in self-determinationb)the first fruits of the harvestc) unity and cooperative economicsd creative work and achievement.22. a)they recite a principleb)they take a solemn oathc)they drink wine from the unity cupd) they call out their ancestors' names.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard23. a) it is one of the world's most healthy diets.b) it contains large amounts of dairy products.c)it began to impact the world in recent years.d) it consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.4. a) it involved 13, 000 researchers from asia, europe and america.b) it was conducted in seven mid-eastern countries in the 1950sc) it is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.d)it has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.25. a) they care much about their health.b) they eat foods with little fat.c)they use little oil in cookingd) they have lower mortality ratesPart III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.In the past 12 months,Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest in facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect,leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria's largest tomato producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of26 .The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by 27 on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks.It 28 incredibly quickly,breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. it is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan Africa.In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets,the insect's effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0. 50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.Given the moth's ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria's minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may"create serious problems for food 32 "in the country.Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.Despite being the continent's second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year.as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.A) dependent I）originatedB) Embarking J) reductionC) emergenc K) reproducesD) feeding L）securityE) grazes M）terrorF) halted N) uncheckedG) handful O）uncheckedH) multitudeSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.who's really addicting you to Technology?A."Nearly everyone i know is addicted in some measure to the internet, "wrote tony Schwartz in The New York Times. it's a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distractionB. There's little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the net has difficulty concentration than it takes to post a status update. as one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartz's online article, "As I was reading this very excellent article.I stopped at least half a dozen times to cheek my email.C.There's something different about this technology: it is both invasive and persuasive. but who's at fault for its overuse？To find solutions, it's important to understand what we’re dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected the tech, your boss, your friends and you.D.The technologies themselves and their makers, are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention spans. Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows：what the internet is doing Our brains, wrote, The net is designed to be an interruption system, a machine geared to dividing attention.E.Online services like Facebook, twitter and the like, are called out of manipula-tion--making，products so good that people can't stop using them. after studying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learned it all starts with the business model. since these services rely on advertising revenue, The more frequently you use money they make.It’s no winder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible. these products aren't habit-forming by chance; it's by design. they have an incentive to keep us hooked.F.However, as good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep them at bay.For example, we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge to check.According to adam marchick, ceo of mobile marketing company kahuna, less than 15 percent of smartphone users ever bother to adjust their notification setlings--meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to the app makers' every preset trigger.Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to adjust these settings so it's up to us to take steps ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs, not the needs of the app makers.G.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. take email, for example. this system couldn't care less how often you use it. Yet to many, email is the most habit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day--we're obsessed, but why? Because that's what the boss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs, A slowResponse to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.H.Your friends are also responsible.Think about this familiar scene.People gathered around a table, enjoying food and each others company. there's laughter and a bit of kidding. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.I.Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone, the person belches(打嗝）-loudly.Everyone notices. unless the meal takes place in a beer house, this is considered bad manners. The impolite act violates the basic rules of etiquette. one has to wonder why don’t we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals, meetings and conversations as wedo to other antisocial behaviors somehow, we accept it and say nothing when someone offends. J.The reality is taking one's phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious. once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to do the same, starting a chain reaction. the more people are on their phones, the fewer people are talking until finally you are the only one left not reading email or checking twitter. from a societal perspective, phone checking is less like belching in public and more like another bad habit. our phones are like cigarettes-something to do when were bored or when our fingers need something to toy with seeing others enjoy a smoke,or sneak a quick glance, is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it.K.The technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing )these gadgets. but there's still someone who deserves scrutiny--the person holding the phone.L. I have a confession. even though i study habit-forming technology for a living, disconnecting is not easy for me.I'm online far more than I'd like like Schwartz and so many others, I often find myself distracted and off tack.I wanted to know why so i began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. that's when i discovered an uncomfortable truth. i use technology as an escape. when I'm doing something I'd rather not do, or when I'm someplace I'd rather not attention was often a good thing, like when passing time on public transportation, but frequently my tech use was not so benign. when i faced difficult work, like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. i could easily escape discomfort.temporarlly.by answering email or browsing ing the web under the pretense of so-called"research. "though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere, i finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do with new-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination(拖延）M.it's easy to blame technology for being so distracting, but distraction is nothing new. Aristotle and Socrates dehated nature of “akrasia”--our tendency to do things agninst our interests. If we're honest with ourselves, tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds,if we weren’t on our devices. We’d likely do similarly unproductive.N.personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever, and there's no doubt companies are engineering their products and services to be more compelling and attractive but would want it any other way the intended result of making something better is that people use it more. that's not necessarily a problem, that's progress.O.These improvements don't mean we shouldn't attempt to control our use of technology. In order to make sure it doesn't control us, we should come to terms with the fact that it's more than the technology itself that’s responsible for our habits. our workplace culture, social norns and individual behaviors all play a part to put technology in its place, we must be conscious not only of how technology is changing, but also of how it is changing us.36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate.37. The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38. Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching39. To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us.40. Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of internet distractions41. when one person starts checking their phone, the others will follow suit.42.The great majority of smartphone users don' t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their own purposes.43.The internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.44. The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should45.White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employersSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.who's really addicting you to Technology?A."Nearly everyone i know is addicted in some measure to the internet, "wrote tony Schwartz in The New York Times. it's a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distractionB. There's little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the net has difficulty concentration than it takes to post a status update. as one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartz's online article, "As I was reading this very excellent article.I stopped at least half a dozen times to cheek my email.C.There's something different about this technology: it is both invasive and persuasive. but who's at fault for its overuse？To find solutions, it's important to understand what we’re dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected the tech, your boss, your friends and you.D.The technologies themselves and their makers, are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention spans. Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows：what the internet is doing Our brains, wrote, The net is designed to be an interruption system, a machine geared to dividing attention.E.Online services like Facebook, twitter and the like, are called out of manipula-tion--making，products so good that people can't stop using them. after studying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learned it all starts with the business model. since these services rely on advertising revenue, The more frequently you use money they make.It’s no winder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible. these products aren't habit-forming by chance; it's by design. they have an incentive to keep us hooked.F.However, as good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep them at bay.For example, we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge to check.According to adam marchick, ceo of mobile marketing company kahuna, less than 15 percent of smartphone users ever bother to adjust their notification setlings--meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to the app makers' every preset trigger.Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to adjust these settings so it's up to us to take steps ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs, not the needs of the app makers.G.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. take email, for example. this system couldn't care less howoften you use it. Yet to many, email is the most habit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day--we're obsessed, but why? Because that's what the boss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs, A slowResponse to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.H.Your friends are also responsible.Think about this familiar scene.People gathered around a table, enjoying food and each others company. there's laughter and a bit of kidding. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.I.Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone, the person belches(打嗝）-loudly.Everyone notices. unless the meal takes place in a beer house, this is considered bad manners. The impolite act violates the basic rules of etiquette. one has to wonder why don’t we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals, meetings and conversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors somehow, we accept it and say nothing when someone offends. J.The reality is taking one's phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious. once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to do the same, starting a chain reaction. the more people are on their phones, the fewer people are talking until finally you are the only one left not reading email or checking twitter. from a societal perspective, phone checking is less like belching in public and more like another bad habit. our phones are like cigarettes-something to do when were bored or when our fingers need something to toy with seeing others enjoy a smoke,or sneak a quick glance, is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it.K.The technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing )these gadgets. but there's still someone who deserves scrutiny--the person holding the phone.L. I have a confession. even though i study habit-forming technology for a living, disconnecting is not easy for me.I'm online far more than I'd like like Schwartz and so many others, I often find myself distracted and off tack.I wanted to know why so i began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. that's when i discovered an uncomfortable truth. i use technology as an escape. when I'm doing something I'd rather not do, or when I'm someplace I'd rather not attention was often a good thing, like when passing time on public transportation, but frequently my tech use was not so benign. when i faced difficult work, like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. i could easily escape discomfort.temporarlly.by answering email or browsing ing the web under the pretense of so-called"research. "though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere, i finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do with new-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination(拖延）M.it's easy to blame technology for being so distracting, but distraction is nothing new. Aristotle and Socrates dehated nature of “akrasia”--our tendency to do things agninst our interests. If we're honest with ourselves, tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds,if we weren’t on our devices. We’d likely do similarly unproductive.N.personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever, and there's no doubt companies are engineering their products and services to be more compelling and attractive but would want it any other way the intended result of making something better is that people use it more. that's not necessarily a problem, that's progress.O.These improvements don't mean we shouldn't attempt to control our use of technology. In order to make sure it doesn't control us, we should come to terms with the fact that it's more than the technology itself that’s responsible for our habits. our workplace culture, social norns and individual behaviors all play a part to put technology in its place, we must be conscious not only of how technology is changing, but also of how it is changing us.36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate.37. The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38. Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching39. To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us.40. Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of internet distractions41. when one person starts checking their phone, the others will follow suit.42.The great majority of smartphone users don' t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their own purposes.43.The internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.44. The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should45.White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employersPart IVTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from chinese into English. you should write your answer on answer sheet 2.太湖是中国东部的一个淡水湖,占地面积2250平方公里,是中国第三大淡水湖,仅次于鄱阳和洞庭。
2017年12月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总
2017年12月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总【完整版】2017年12月CET6全国大学英语六级考试阅读理解共分为三部分，包括选词填空（第26-35题），长篇阅读/匹配阅读（第36-45题）和仔细阅读（第46-55题），以下是完整真题及参考答案。
Part III Reading Comprehension阅读理解(40 minutes)（题号：26-55）Section A 选词填空（题号26-35）Directions：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage though carefully before making your choice. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria’s largest tomato-producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of __26__.The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by __27__ on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It 28 incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan America.In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets, the insect’s effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0.50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.Given the moth’s ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria’s minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may “create serious problems for food 32 “in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.Despite being the continent’s second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year, as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.答案及解析26. C) emergency27. D) feeding28. K) reproduces29. I) originated30. G) handful31. F) halted32. L) security33. N) unchecked34. A) dependent35. J) reduction【解析】26. 根据介词后面需要搭配名词或动名词的原则，可知此空格处应填入名词结构，再根据前文语境中的destroy等词汇锁定答案为emergency，这里的a state of emergency，意为紧急状态。
【星火英语版】2017年12月大学英语六级参考答案
【星火英语版】2017年12月大学英语六级参考答案星火英语四六级2017年12月六级参考答案六级听力一Conversation OneM: And now, for the latter side of the news, Europe is setting an example for the rest of the world when it comes to food waste.W: That’s right, John. This week, the Italian government passed legislation that aims to dramatically reduce the amount of food waste in the country. New laws have been put into place that will make it easier for farms and supermarkets to donate and sell foods to those who are in need.M: Yes, in an addition to this, businesses will now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste.W: Italy is not the only country to focus on reducing food waste. Just earlier this year, the European parliament voted in favor of legislation that would stop grocery giants from unfair trading practices that result in overproduction, thus creating waste.M: In France, the government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods and imposed harsh penalties on businesses that fail to comply with the regulations.W: While there is still much progress to be made, other countries could learn a thing or two from the example set by France and Italy. In the United Sates, up to 40% of all food goes uneaten. Despite the fact that one in seven American households lacks regular access to good food, one major cause of this problem is the confusion over food expiration labels, which are currently not regulated by the government.M: All this could change soon. This wave of new laws in Europe will definitely put more pressure on law makers to reduce food waste here. We turn now to aspokesperson from Harvard University’s Food Law and Policy Clinic for more on the story. And now, let’s welcome professor Edward Baker to speak to us.1: What does the woman say about the new laws in Italy?2: What did the European parliament do to reduce food waste?3: What has the French government done recently?4: What is the major cause of food waste in the United States?Conversation TwoM: Thank you for calling the South Avenue Department Store. How can I be assistant to you today?W: Hello. I was in your store this past weekend and bought a few items. Yesterday, my friend told me that the annual anniversary sales had begun. It turned out she bought the same sweater as I did but for a much lower price.M: Yes. Our annual anniversary sales started on Monday. We do offer price adjustments for seven days of purchase to ensure our customers’ satisfaction. You said you did the purchase here this past weekend?W: Yes. I was shopping in your store last Sunday afternoon.M: That would definitely fall within the price adjustment window. Do you have an account with us? We can credit your account directly with the difference if you wish. Otherwise, we can send a gift card by mail if you prefer.W: Crediting my account will be wonderful. Thank you. Now, you’ve mentioned that there is a sale going on. I do remember a dress I quietly like when I was in the shop on Sunday. Is it on offer as well.M: Yes, ma’am. All the new arrivals are 15-20% off. In addition to the sale, we are running a promotion for complementary tailoring if neededW: That’s good news. The dress really caught my eye but I did have some concerns about the length. How long will your alteration take?M: Our tailoring department guarantees alteration to be completed within five working days. If you like, I can send a size for you. If you are able to come this afternoon, you can give your name to the sales manager. And they will be able to assist you.5: What do we learn about the Sax Department Store?6: What did the man say about Sax Department Store’s offers?7: What did the woman want the store to do to address the price difference?8:What is the service Sax department store offers in addition to the promotion sale？Passage 1Barbie dolls have a particular look to them. They are thin, tall, long legged and virtually unlike any real human being. Although, over the years, barbies had more than 180 different careers, including football coach, sign language teacher, ambassador, pr esident and astronaut. Her body shape hasn’t changed much. Last year, MATEL, the company that makes Barbie dolls, added some barbies to its line to have a different skin tones and hair textures. There are now barbies 17 skin tones, 22 eye colours and 24 hair styles that choose from. Last year, MATEL also gave barbie a flat foot rather than 4 fingers to be in heels all the time like original barbie is. Now, they are introducing new barbies with 3 slightly different body shapes. On the original, tall and thin barbies would continue to be sold. In the statement on its website, the company says, it wants barbies to look more like a real people and to give girls everywhere, infinitely more ways that spark their imagination and play out the stories. Although many people say the new barbies are stepping in theright direction. Some people say they don’t go far enough. They say the new Barbie shapes could be even more different from the original tall-thin barbies. Sales of Barbie dolls has been falling every years since 2005 according to CBC news. The toys aren’t in stores yet, but they will be sold online at the Barbie website starting this week for 9 dollars and 99 cents.9. What do we know about the original Barbie dolls?10. Why do some people feel unsatisfied with new Barbie dolls?11. Where will the new Barbie dolls be sold first?Passage 2The earliest printed book we known today appeared in China in the year 868, and metal type was used in Korea at the beginning of the fifteen century, but it was in Germany around the year 1415, that the printing press used in movable metal type was invented. Capitalism turned printing from an invention into an industry , right from the start, book printing in publishing were organized on capitalist lines, the biggest sixteen century printer 一个人名had 24 printing prices and employed more than a hundred workers, only a small faction of the population was literate, but production of books grow as an extraordinary speed. By 500 hundred some 20 million volumes had already been printed, the immediate factors printing was to increase the circulation of works that were already popular in the hand-written form, while less popular works went out of circulation. Publishers were interested only in books that were sold very quickly in sufficient numbers to cover the costs of production and make profit.Thus, while printing enormously increased access to books by making cheap, high volume production possible, it also reduces choice. The great culture impact of printing was facilitated the growth of national languages, most early books were printed in Latin, but the mark for Latin was limited, and it is pursuit of large markets, the book trade soon produced translation into the national languages, and merging at that time.Printing indeed played the key role in standardizing and stabilizing this languages by fixing them print and producing dictionaries and grammar books.12. What happened in Germany around the 1415？13. What does the speaker say about the printer 人名？14. What is the immediate affect of the printing?15. What was the great culture impact the printing?Recording OneYou dream about being a movie star. You live in a big house in Hollywood, go to the Oscars every year, and win. You will be rich and famous. Wait a minute. You also hate having your photos taken and you are very shy. So how could you ever become a movie star? Choosing a right career can be hard. Many people graduate from school or college not knowing what they want to do with their lives and get a job without really thinking about it. For some, things work out fine. But others often find themselves stuck in a job they hate. Your working life lasts in average 40 years, so it’s important to find a job you like and feel enthusiastic about.Luckily, there are many ways you can get help to do this. The Australian website WWW. Careers online. com, compares choosing a career with going to the movies. Before you see a movie, you find out what films are showing. The site suggests you should do the same with your career. Find out what jobs are available and what your options are. Next, decide which movie you like best. If you are not a romantic person, you won’t want to see a love story. In other words, with your career, you should decide which job will suit your personality. Finally, decide how to get movie tickets and find out where the theater is before you go. With your career, you need to find information about where you can work and how to get a job in that profession.So, how do you start? Begin by asking yourself some questions, certain life experiences. Have you travelled overseas? Do you have any extra certificates at your degree? Such as the first aid license, for example. Your physical state and build can also affect which jobs you can do. A person, for example, who is allergic to cats will probably never become an animal doctor. Flight attendants, firefighters and police officers have to be over a certain height and be physically fit. Your personality matters too. Are you outgoing or shy? If you like working alone, a job that requires lots of team work might not suit you.Choosing a career can take time and a lot of thought. However, when you know you can look forward to working in your dream job, you will be glad you thought it through.16. What does the speaker say about many college graduates?17. What does the Australia website suggest you do first to find a suitable job?18. What should you think about when you look for the right job according to the Australian website?Recording 2Kwanzaa is a cultural festival, during which African-American celebrate and reflect upon their rich heritage as the products of the two worlds. It begins December 26th and last for seven days. Kwanzaa was founded in 1966 by Dr. Karenga, a college professor and African-American leader, who believed that a special holiday could help African Americans meet their goals of building strong families, learning about their history and creating a sense of unity. After conducting extensive research in which he studied the festivals of many African groups of people, he decided that the new holiday should be a harvest or first fruit’s celebration. In cooperating ideas from many different harvest traditions. Kwanzaa is a … word meaning the first frui ts of the harvest. The east African language of … was chosen as an official language of Kwanzaa. Because it is a non-tribal language spoken by a large portion of the African population. Also its pronunciation is easy. Kwanzaa is based on seven principles which are unity, self-determination, collective work and responsibility,cooperative economics, purpose, creativity and faith. One principal is highlighted each day of the holiday. In preparation for the celebration, a astroy matters placed on the table. Along with the candle holder was seven candles. One black, three red and three green. The black candle represents the African-American people. The red is for their struggles, and the green represents their hopes for their future. Other items placed on our table are a variety of fruit is of comes gifts and communal unity cup for pouring and sharing drinks. Each day of Kwanzaa usually before the evening meal，family and friends gather around the table and someone lights the candle beginning with the black. After that，candles are lit alternatively from left to right. While the candles is being lit, a principal is recited then each person present takes turn to speak about the importance that the principle has to himself or herself. Next, the ceremony focuses on remembering those who've died. A selected person pours water or juice from the unity cup into a bowl. That person then drinks from the cup and raises it high saying “her thanmbi”，which means that let’s all pour together. All repeat “her thanmbi” seven times and each person drinks from the cup . Then they and names of African American leaders and heroes a cold out to and everyone reflects upon the great things these people did. The ceremony is followed by a meal, and then singing and perhaps listening to African music19.What does the speaker say about Kwanzaa?20. For what purpose did Doctor Karenga create the special holiday?21. What does the word Kwanzaa mean?22. What do people do while each candle is being let at the Kwanzaa celebration?Recording 3The Mediterranean diet is based upon the eating patterns of traditional cultures in the Mediterranean region. Several noted nutritionists in research projectshave concluded that this diet is one of the most healthful in the world in terms of preventing such illnesses as heart disease and cancer and increasing life expectancy. The countries that have inspired Mediterranean diet all surround the Mediterranean Sea. These cultures have eating habits that developed over thousands of years. In Europe, parts of Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and southern France adhere to principles of the Mediterranean diet as to the morocco, Indonesia, and North Africa. Parts of the Balkan region and turkey follow the diet as well as middle eastern countries like Lebanon and Syria, the Mediterranean region is warm and sunny and produces large supplies of fresh fruits and vegetables almost a year round that the people eat many times a day. Wine, bread, all of oil and nuts are other staples of the region. In the Mediterranean sea has historically yielded abundant quantities of fish. International interest in therapeutic qualities of Mediterranean diet began back in the late nineteen fifties. When medical researchers started to link the currency of heart disease with diet, Doctor Ansol Keths performed the epidemiological analysis of diets around the world. In titled of the seven countries study, it is considered one of the greatest studies of its kind ever performed. In it, Keths gathered data on heart disease in its potential causes from nearly thirty thousand men in Greece, Italy, Croatia, Serbia, Japan, Finland, the Netherlands and the United States. The study was conducted over period of decades. It concluded that the Mediterranean people in the study enjoyed some significant health advantages. The Mediterranean groups have lower mortality rates in all age brackets in form of all causes particularly from heart disease. The study also showed that the Mediterranean diet is as high as or higher in fat than other diets, obtaining up to forty percent of all its calories from fat. It has however, different patterns of fat intake. Mediterranean cooking, in its smaller amounts of saturated fat and higher amount of unsaturated fat, mostly in form of all of oil. Saturated fats are fats are found principally in meat and dairy products, although some nuts in vegetable oils also contain them. Saturated fats are used by the body to make cholesterol in high levels of cholesterol has since been directly related to heart disease.23. What has research concluded about the Mediterranean diet?24. What do we learn about the seven countries study?25. What do we learn about the Mediterranean people from the seven countries study?答案：1.C)They facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needy.2.B)It passed a law aiming to stop overproduction.3.D)It has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.4.A)The confusion over food expiration labels.5.B)It has just launched its annual annivcrsary sales.6.D)Price adjustments within seven days of purchase.7.C)Credit it to her account.8.D)Complimentary tailoring.9.A)They are thin,tall,and unlike real human beings.10.D)Their body shapes have not changed much.11.C)On the Internet.12.D) Movable metal type began to be used in printing.13.C) It was the biggest printer in the 16th century.14. A) It boosted the circulation of popular works.15. B) It promoted the growth of national laguages.16.D) They choose a job without thinking it through.17.B) Find out what job choices are available.18.A) The qualifications you have.19. B)It is a cultural festival founded for African-Americans.20. C)To help African-Americans to realize their goals.21. B)The fruits of the harvest.22. A)They recite a principle.23. D)It is one of the world’s most healthy diets.24. A) It is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.25. B) They have lower mortality rates.六级听力二答案：1.A)Say a few words to thank the speaker.2.D)He joined the local history societ when young.3.B) She had a good knowledge of the town's history.4.C)He made an embarrassing remark.5. B) What their rivals are doing.6. D) Their potentials has been underestimated.7. C) She had not seen it yet.8. D) Exporting their motorbikes to Indonesia.9. B) It makes claims in conflict with the exising research.10. C) They run a higher risk of gaining weight.11. D) Go to bed earlier.12. A) All the acting nominees are white.13. D) Only 3.4 percent of film directors are female.14. C) Females color over 40.15. B) They are most underrepresented across TV and film.16. C) One that covers their debts and burial expenses.17. D) Add more insurance on the breadwinner.18. A) When their children grow up and leave home.19.D〕They may not always be negative.20.A) Biased sources of information.21.B) They may have a negative impact on people they apply to.22.C) A positive stereotype may help one achieve better results.23. B) Quit taking the medicine immediately.24. D) It may increase the effect of certain drugs.25. A)Tell their children to treat medicine with respect.六级阅读一26-35 C D K I G F L N A J名词：C 紧急情况 G 少数，一把 H 众多；群众；人群 J 减少L 安全M 恐怖动词：B 从事，着手 D 喂养 E 放牧；擦伤 F 停止I 起源，发起 K复制，再生形容词：A 依靠的，从属的N 未经核对的 O 未受影响的；未触动过的36. E 37.B 38. I 39. C 40.D41. J 42.F 43. A 44. L 45. G46-50 DDBBA46. What do we learn about chemist John Pemberton?D)—He risked breaking local law to make a drink with coca leaves.47. What does the passage say about kola nuts?D)—They were strange to the Europeans when first imported from West Africa.48. How come kola-extract colas became popular?B)—Alcoholic drinks were prohibited.49. Wha is known about the taste of Cola-Cola?B)—It still relies on traditional kola nut extract.50. What is the passage mainly about?A)—The evolution of Cola-Cola.51-55 CBDCD51. What do we learn about American cities twenty years ago?C) There was a clear divide between large and small cities.52. What can be inferred from the passage about 18-hour cities?B) They have seen a rise in property prices.53. Years ago, many downtown cores in small to mid-sized cities_____.D) looked deserted in the evenings54. What characterizes the new downtown areas in 18-hour cities?C) Modernized housing and improved infrastructure.55. What have 18-hour cities brought to the local residents?D) Better job opportunities.六级阅读二26. O) sparking27. L) powered28. H) implemented29. D) eliminate30. G) hopeful31. A) acceptance32. J) installed33. B) currently34. K) noticeable35. F) futile36. G 37.M 38. D 39. E 40.P41. L 42.J 43. O 44. I 45．B46-50 ADBAB51-55 DBDAA51. What does the example of iPhone 6s serve to show?D) The rapid technological progress in a very short period of time.52. What can we expect to see by the year 2020?B) The popularization of smart homes.53. What will business owners do when they become aware of the benefits of the Internet of Things?D) Embrace whatever new technology there is.54. What is the most exciting challenge when we possess more and more data?A) How to turn it to profitable use.55. What does the author think about working from anywhere and at anytime?A) It is feasible with a connection to the internet.六级阅读三26 I permit27 O territory28 F exclusive29 C commercial30 D communities31 E essential32 G independent33 M sponsor34 J secure35 N stocks36. E 37.M 38. C 39. H 40.B41. J 42. G 43. P 44. I 45.D46-50 ACBAD46. A) It is simply uninhabitable for most animals.47. C) stay away from predators.48. B) they can survive well in salty water49. A) They can take refuges in the less salty waters.50. D) The disruption of Lake Natron’s ecosystem.51-55 BCADC51. B) Keep on working.52. C) They would look upon it with contempt.53. A) The busier one appears, the more respect one earns.54. D) The role of knowledge in modern economy.55.C) Find time to relax however busy we are.六级翻译一青海湖青海湖位于海拔3205米、青海省省会西宁以西约100公里处。
2017年大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案
2017年⼤学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案 明确的⽬标是前进的动⼒。
只有确定了⽬标，才能朝着这个⽅向努⼒，下⾯是店铺为⼤家搜索整理的2017年6⽉⼤学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案，希望⼤家能有所收获，更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业⽣考试⽹! Part I Writing. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to judge a person by their appearance. You can give examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Section A 2、Questions2-11 are based on the following passage. Fear can be an effective way to change behavior. One study compared the effects of high, fear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to the dental hygiene(卫⽣).One group of subjects was shown awful pictures of(36)_____teeth and diseased gums;another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth，charts，and graphs.Subjects who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater (37)_____to change the way they took care of their teeth than the low-fear group did. But were these reactions actually(38)_____into better dental hygiene practices? To answer this important question，subjects were called back to the laboratory on two(39)_____(five days and six weeks after the experiment..They chewed disclosing wafers(⽛疾诊断⽚)that give a red stain to any uncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct(40)_____of how well they were really taking care of their teeth.The result showed that the high.fear appeal did actually result in greater andmore(41)_____changes in dental hygiene.That is，the subjects(42)_____to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more(43)_____than did those who saw low-fear warnings. However, to be all effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people begiven(44)_____guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear.If this isn’t done，they may reduce their anxiety by denying the message or the (45)_____of the communicator.If that happens，it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
大学英语四六级考试-2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题参考答案
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套）参考答案Part I WritingHow to handle the relationship between doctors and patients?In recent years, the relationship between doctors and patients has become increasingly tense and complicated. The disputes have intensified day by day. There is a lack of necessary understanding and trust between doctors and patients. The normal health care activities are deeply affected. The relationship between doctors and patients has become an unprecedented common concern of the whole society at this stage.How to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients？Firstly of all, doctors should have medical ethics and humanities, which would require extreme enthusiasm for patients and their technical excellence. Secondly, doctors and patients should communicate with each other. Furthermore, patients should know more knowledge of medicine. Besides, the government should provide more legal protection to help balance the doctor-patient relationship.Although we have a long way to go, we have reasons to believe that the doctor-patient relationship in China is gradually improving.Part IV TranslationMount Hua is situated in Huayin city, 120 kilometers from Xi’an. It is a part of Qinling Mountains, which divide not only southern and northern Shaanxi, but also South and North China. Unlike Mount Tai which attracted numerous people to worship, Mount Hua was rarely visited in the past, for the road to the summit was extremely dangerous. However, people who wish to live long lives often climb the mountain as many herbs grow there, especially some rare ones. Since the installation of cable cars in the 1990s, the number of tourists has increased sharply.听力原文Section AQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.A nine-year-old girl in New Mexico has raised more than $500 for her little brother who needs heart surgery in Houston Texas this July.Addison Witulski's grandmother Kim Allred said Addison probably overheard a conversation between family members talking about the funds needed to get her little brother to treatment.“I guess she overheard her grandfather and me talking about how we’re worried about how we’re going to get to Houston, for my grandson’s heart surgery,” said Allred. She decided to go outside and have a lemonade stand and make some drawings and pictures and sell them.” That’s when Addison and her friends Erika and Emily Borden decided to sell lemonade for 50 cents a cup and sell pictures for 25 cents each.Before Allred knew it, New Mexico State Police Officers were among the many stopping by helping them reach a total of $568. The family turned to social media expressing their gratitude saying, “From the bottom of our hearts, we would like to deeply thank each and every person that stopped by!”1. Who did Addison raise money for?2. How did Addison raise money?Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.Last week, France announced that the country will pave 621 miles of road with solar panels over the next five years, with the goal of providing cheap, renewable energy to five million people.Called “the Wattway,” the roads will be built through joint efforts with the French road-building company Colas and the National Institute of Solar Energy. The company spent the last five years developing solar panels that are only about a quarter of an inch thick and are strong enough to stand up to heavy highway traffic without breaking or making the roads more slippery. The panels are also designed so that they can be installed directly on top of existing roadways, making them relatively cheap and easy to install.France isn’t the first country to kick around the idea of paving its roads with solar panels. In November 2015, the Netherlands completed a 229-foot-long bike path paved with solar panels as a test for future projects. However, this is the first time a panel has been designed to be laid directly on top of existing roads and the first project to install the panels on public highways.3. What was France’s purpose of constructing “the Wattway”?4. What is special about the solar panels used in “the Wattway”?Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Lions have disappeared from much of Africa, but for the past few years scientists have wondered if the big cats were hanging on in remote parts of Sudan and Ethiopia. Continuous fighting in the region has made surveys difficult.But scientists released a report Monday documenting, with hard evidence, the discovery of "lost lions."A team with Oxford University’s Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, supported by a charity organization, spent two nights in November camping in the National Park in northwestEthiopia, on the Ethiopia-Sudan border. The researchers set out six camera traps, capturing images of lions, and they identified lion tracks.The scientists concluded that lions are also likely to live in the neighboring National Park across the border in Sudan. The International Union for Conservation of Nature had previously considered the area a "possible range" for the species, and local people had reported seeing lions in the area, but no one presented convincing evidence.5. What has made it difficult to survey lions in remote parts of Sudan and Ethiopia?6. What was the main purpose of the research?7. What did the researchers find in the National Park?Section BQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: I bet you're looking forward to the end of this month, aren’t you?W: Yes, I am. How did you know?M: David told me you had a special birthday coming up.W: Oh, yes. That's right. This year will be my golden birthday.M: What does that mean? I've never heard of a golden birthday.W: I've actually just learnt of this concept myself. Fortunately, just in time to celebrate. A golden or lucky birthday is when one turns the age of their birth date. So, for example, my sister's birthday is December 9th and her golden birthday would have been the year she turned nine years old. Come to think of it, my parents did throw her a surprise party that year.M: Interesting. Too bad I missed mine. My golden birthday would have been four years ago. I assume you got big plans then.W: Actually yes. My husband is planning a surprise holiday for the two of us next week. I have no idea what he's got in mind, but I'm excited to find out. Has he mentioned anything to you?M: He might have.W: Anything you'd like to share? I'm dying to know what kind of trip he has planned or where we're going.M: You know nothing at all?W: Not a clue. Hard to imagine, isn’t it? Though I must say I think he's been having even more fun keeping the secret from me in the past few weeks.M: I'm sure both of you will have a fantastic time. Happy golden birthday! I can't wait to hear all about it when you get back.8. What is the woman looking forward to?9. What did the woman’s parents do on her sister’s lucky birthday?10. What is the woman eager to find out about?11. What does the man say at the end of the conversation?Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: Mr. Green, what do you think makes a successful negotiator?M: Well, that’s hard to define. But I think successful negotiators have several things in common. They are always polite and rational people. They are firm but flexible. They can recognize powerand know how to use it. They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation, the way it rises and falls and how it may change direction. They project an image of confidence, and perhaps most importantly, they know when to stop.W: And, what about an unsuccessful negotiator?M: Well, this is probably all of us when we start out. We are probably immature and over-trusting. Too emotional or aggressive. We are unsure of ourselves and we want to be liked by everyone. Good negotiators learn fast. Poor negotiators remain like that and go on losing negotiations.W: In your opinion, can the skills of negotiation be taught?M: Well, you can teach someone how to prepare for a negotiation. There are perhaps six stages in every negotiation. Get to know the other side. State your goals. Start the process. Clarify areas of disagreement or conflict. Reassess your position. Making acceptable compromises. And finally, reach some agreement in principle. These stages can be studied. And strategies to be used in each can be planned beforehand. But I think, the really successful negotiator is probably born with six sense about responding appropriately to the situation at hand.W: The artistic sense you’ve just described?M: Yes. That’s right.12. What does the man say about good negotiators?13. What does the man say may be the most important thing to a successful negotiator?14. How is a good negotiator different from a poor one?15. What is the first stage of a negotiation according to the man?Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Some people wonder why countries spend millions of dollars on space projects. They want to know how space research helps people on Earth. Actually space technology helps people on Earth every day. This is called "spin-off technology."Spin-off technology is space technology that is now used on Earth.In early space programs, such as the Apollo missions of the 1960s and 1970s, and in the Space Shuttle missions today, scientists developed objects for the astronauts to use on the moon and in space. We now use some of these objects every day.For example, we have Quartz crystal clocks and watches accurate to within one minute a year. We purify the water we drink with a water filter designed for the astronauts' use in space.The cordless, hand-held tools we use in our homes, such as vacuum cleaners, flashlights, drills and saws came from the technology of these early space programs.On cold winter days we can stay warm with battery-operated gloves and socks, and specially made coats and jackets. All of these clothes are similar to the spacesuit designs that kept astronauts comfortable in the temperatures of the moon, and are spin-offs from space technology.These products are only a few examples of the many ways space technology helps us in our everyday lives. No one knows how new spin-off technology from the International Space Station will help us in the future.16. What do some people want to know about space exploration?17. What did scientists do for the space shuttle missions?18. What does the speaker say about Quartz crystal clocks and watches?Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Well, if I could go back in history and live, I'd like to go back to the 18th century and perhaps in colonial America in Yankee, New England, where one of my ancestors lived, because it was the beginning of something.By the 18th century, there was a feeling of community that had grown. My ancestor was a preacher, traveling around the countryside. People lived in small communities. There were fishermen and farmers who provided fresh food that tasted and looked like food, unlike that in today's supermarkets, and there were small towns, and New York wasn't that far away. I'm deeply attached to the Puritan tradition, not in a religious sense, but they believed in working for something, working for goals, and I like that.They worked hard at whatever they did, but they had a sense of achievement. They believed in goodness in community and helping one another. I love the colonial fabrics, all the silver work, the furnishings, the combination of elegance and simplicity. I love it. The printing, the books, I'm very attached to all that kind of thing that may not all be very entertaining in the modern sense of the world. But I would have enjoyed spending my evenings in that environment, discussing new ideas, building a new world. And I can see myself sitting on a small chair by the fire doing needlework.19. Why does the speaker say she would like to go back and live in the 18th century America?20. What does the speaker say about the Puritans?21. What would the speaker like doing if she could go back to the past?Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.If you are lost in the woods, a little knowledge can turn what some people call a hardship into an enjoyable stay away from the troubles of modern society. When you think you are lost, sit down on a log, or a rock, or lean against a tree, and recite something that you have memorized, to bring you mind to a point where it’s under control. Don’t run blindly. If you must move, don’t follow a stream unless you know it, and in that case, you are not lost. Streams, normally flow through wetland before they reach a lake or a river. Though there are more eatable plants, there may also be wild animals, poisonous snakes, and other hazards. Many experts feel that it’s wisest to walk uphill. At the top of most hills and mountains, are trails leading back to civilization. If there are no trails, you are much easier to be seen on top of a hill, and you may even spot a highway, or a railroad from this point. Nowadays, the first way someone will search for you is by air. In a wetland, or in dense growth, you are very hard to spot. Anytime you go into the woods, somebody should know where you are going, and when you expect to return. Also, when someone comes looking, you should be able to signal to them.22. What does the speaker advise you to do first if you are lost in the woods?23. What will happen if you follow an unknown stream in the woods?24. What do many experts think is the wisest thing to do if you are lost in the woods?25. What should you do before you go into the woods?2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）参考答案Part I WritingHow to best handle the relationship between parents and children?Nowadays, a wide-spread phenomenon occurs frequently that parents make a lot of decisions for their children, even for most critical issues of their life, such as education, work or even marriage. Though many parents regard their children as the apple of their eye, they have no enough knowledge about how to best handle the relationship with their children.We may find several reasons to explain the phenomenon above. First of all, parents, with rich life experience, always think they can make better decisions than teenagers do. Next, they pay too much attention to their only child in the family without caring for their children’s feeling. What’s more, they assert the only way to realize their unfulfilled dreams is letting their children do things that they want them to.How to solve such serious problems? To begin with, parents should make some changes when educating their children, consciously developing children’s capabilities of independent and critical thinking. In addition, children should cope with the difficulties they encounter independently and turn to parents for necessary guidance only at critical moments.Positive parent-child bonds foster autonomy, curiosity, self-esteem and better decision-making skills. So let’s take actions to improve parent-child relationship before it’s too late.Part IV TranslationLocated in the south of Anhui province, Huangshan is known for its unique scenery, particularly its sunrise and sea of clouds. To appreciate the magnificence of mountains, one has to look upward in most cases, but to enjoy the fascinating landscape of Huangshan, one has to look downward. The humid climate of this area offers favorable conditions for tea trees to grow, making it one of China’s major tea-producing areas. There are also numerous hot springs, whose water is helpful for the prevention and treatment of skin diseases. Huangshan is one of the major touristdestinations in China, and also the most popular theme of photography and traditional Chinese paintings.听力原文Section AQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.A New Jersey black bear that walks upright on its two back legs and has become a social media darling has re-emerged and has been captured on video months after its last sighting. The bear named Pedals was spotted in a town of Oak Ridge. In a video posted to Facebook featuring the bear, it appeared to be in relatively good health and was moving quickly.Pedals apparently has an injured leg or paw that doesn’t allow it to walk comfortably on all fours, according to experts. Laurance Hajna, spokesman for the state Department of Environmental Protection, said officials expect the bear to make it through next winter.The bear first gained fame after it was sported the wondering around neighborhoods and was caught on videos that were posted on social media and shown on national television. Last year, supporters pushed for Pedals to be moved to a shelter, but New Jersey officials have said they won’t allow the bear to be captured and transferred to the facility. “The bear would do better in its natural habitat and the agency would step in if its condition deteriorated,” they said.1. What’s the probable reason the bear walks upright on its back legs?2. How is the bear first known for the public?Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.It’s not your imagination: Traffic in the U.S. is actually getting worse. Americans drove more miles last year than any other year on record. The U.S. Department of Transportation says Americans drove nearly 3,150 billion miles last year. That’s about the same distance as 337 round trips from Earth to Pluto. The previous record was 3,003 billion miles in 2007, before the economic recession in high gas prices.The traffic increase comes at the same time as gas crisis drop significantly, the current average gas price in US is 1.77$ per gallon. A year ago, it was 2.31$ per, it was often much higher in recent years. A transportation expert told the reporter the job growth likely plays a part as well, along with some people driving longer distances to and from work.And so all this means more traffic jams on the road. The Texas A&M travel institute found that rush-hour travellers spent extra 42 hours on the road last because of traffic delays. Now, that is depressing.3. What new record did the American drivers set last year?4. What is depressing according to the speaker?Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.A sixteen-year-old asked a stranger at a grocery store to buy him and his mother some food in exchange for carrying the man’s groceries to his car. What happened next will pull at your heartstrings.A wonderful bond formed between the two, and within a couple of weeks, the stranger named White, helped raise $190,000 on a website to support the Memphis teenager and his disabled mother.“When Chauncy approached me, it just pulled at my heart,” White said. “Here comes Chauncy, just trying to get food for him and his Mon off the grace of other people. When I looked at him and saw what he was doing and what he was asking for, I said he was my hero.”“Chauncy is a top student who is doing his best to make it in a world with no money and very few resources,” White explained on the crowdfunding site. “He wants to work and help his mother financially. It’s so rare that we get an opportunity to affect so much change on one life.” White wrote, “I cannot thank you enough for caring about Chauncy. This is his big chance, and you’re making it possible.”5. What did the teenager Chauncy do at the grocery store to get some food?6. What did the stranger do for Chauncy?7. What do we learn about Chauncy?Section BQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: That was my last economics lecture of the week, and here’s the weekend again.W: What are you up to tonight? I was just wondering if we could try out the new restaurant on Charles Street, then go on to Queen Victoria for a drink.M: Sorry, I’m heading home this weekend for my brother’s 18th birthday.W: Oh, that’s great.M: All my relatives are gonna be there, as well as my brother’s horrible friends, of course. Listen, why don’t you come along? Mom would be absolutely delighted to see you again. She’s always asking after you.W: Yes, I’d love to see her too.M: So, please, do come. It’ll be great. And besides, with Jonathan’s wild game to contend with, I’d really welcome an ally.W: That sounds tempting, but I won’t be ready till 5:00, as I’ve got my statistics seminar now. What time are you heading off?M: Well, I was going to leave right away. However, I can hang around for you if you like. It just means that I’ll need to change my ticket.W: But would that be too much trouble for you?M: No, not at all. I’ll go to the station first and see if I can get tickets first for us on the 6:30 train. Then, you can join me there. I’ll text you when it’s done.W: Brilliant. Are you absolutely positive it’s okay? I wouldn’t want to impose.M: Don’t worry. You’re most welcome to join our party. And, as I always say, the more the merrier.W: Look, I’d better go or I’ll be late. So, I’ll meet you down at the station around 6:00?M: Fine. See you later.8. What has the man just done?9. What is the man going to do this weekend?10. What does the man ask the woman to do?11. How will they go to the man’s home?Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: Hi, Jane. How’s everything going?W: So far so good. I’ve just finished my last exam.M: Good. The term is coming to an end. Do you think we should take a holiday overseas to relax and have fun? I’ve saved my tips from my waiter job these past few months, and I should have enough by July.W: Yes, that’s a wonderful idea. I’ve got a little put-aside for a rainy day, but I might need to earn a little more before we go. By the way, what’s it like working in a restaurant?M: Well, it’s really tough, as working a 10-hour shift is like hell. I’m not sure it’ll suit you, but it’s pretty cool if your boss is all right. Do you think we should invite some others to come along? W: Yes, we could ask Tom and Tracy if they’re interested. I haven’t been abroad for a long while, and it would be great to go somewhere by the sea. I can’t wait. And, if Tom goes, we could go sailing. He has a lot of experience with boats, and it’ll work out a lot cheaper to hire one if there’s more of us to share the cost.M: So, that’s a plan. We’ll save as much as we can and go sailing next July. Let’s say Spain, but anywhere cheap will be fine.W: Okay, but first we’d better contact Tom and Tracy and see if they are up for it. If not, it’ll be back to the drawing board.12. What does the man think of doing?13. What has the man been doing for the past few months?14. What does the woman say she needs to do before departure?15. Why does the woman want to invite Tom?Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Most people know Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.Irene Currie was born on September 12th, 1897. At the age of ten, Irene’s talents and interest in mathematics were apparent. Irene entered Sorbonne University in October 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, she left Sorbonne University to help her mother who was using X-ray facilities to help save the lives of wounded soldiers. Irene continued this work by developing X-ray facilities for military hospitals in France and Belgium.After the war, she received a Military Medal for her work. In 1918, Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot visited the Institute where he met Marie Curie. Frederic became one of her assistants and Irene taught him the techniques required to work with radioactivity. Irene and Frederic soon fell in love and got married on October 29th, 1926. Their daughter was born in 1927 and their son in 1932.Like her mother, Irene combined family with career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband Frederic, in 1935, for producing new radioactive elements.Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed blood cancer because of her exposure to radiation. Irene Joliot-Curie died on March 17th, 1954.16. What does the speaker say about Marie Curie’s daughter?17. For what was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?18. In what way were Marie and Irene similar?Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Have you ever heard of the Vikings? They were sea travellers from Norway. More than a thousand years ago, they made three important geographical discoveries.The Vikings’ first major discovery occurred in the ninth century. A man called Naddod was on his way from Norway to the Faroe Island, north of England, when his ship was caught in a storm. The storm blew the ship west for several days. When the weather cleared, Naddod found himself on the coast of a new land. Later, a hiking traveller named it IcelandIn 982, a Viking called Eric the Red sailed west in search of new land. Five hundred miles west of Iceland, he and his men reached an icy rocky mass of land. They sailed around it until they reached the western side. Here, they found some green areas, so they named the island Greenland.Then, in 1001, the Vikings made their most important discovery. The son of Eric the Red, named Leif Ericson, had heard rumors about land west of Greenland. He sailed west and soon found it. He and his men landed in three places. They called the first one Helluland, which means land of flat stones. The Vikings then sailed south and made their second landing. They named this place Markland. Their third landing was at a place they called Vinland.Leif Ericson and his men were the first Europeans to walk on the shores of North America, almost 500 years earlier than Columbus.19. What do we learn about the Vikings?20. What does the passage say about Greenland?21. What does the speaker mainly talk about?Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Where do you think you’ll be in ten years? It’s difficult to know exactly where you will be and what you will be doing, but everyone dreams about the future.You might imagine the job you will get when you finish school. You may daydream meeting your life partner, or living in a big house by the sea. In my dreams, I would have twins, a boy and a girl. We would live in a large two-story house with floors and a staircase made of wood.Now, at the age of 46, I look back on those dreams and smile. Things haven’t turned out exactly as I imagined, but I wouldn’t change what I have now for that imaginary world.In college, I studied international business, and planned to enter a law school. In my third year of university, I realized that I didn’t want to become a lawyer. Instead, I chose to become a language teacher. I did get married, but had more than two children. We had five. Do I live in the dream house with wooden floors? No, I don’t, but I love my home and I wouldn’t want to live in any other place.I believe that as a young person, it is important to dream and make plans. However, it’s also important to realize that not all of your plans will turn out exactly as you wish. One of the biggest lessons I’ve learned in life is this: be happy with what you have.22. What does the speaker think everyone tends to do?23. What does the speaker say he would refuse to do?24. What did the speaker major in during the first two years of college?25. What is one of the biggest lessons the speaker has learned in life?。
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12017年12月六级考试真题（第一套）为了让大家更好地模拟真实考场，文都网校四六级完全按照真题卷面顺序排版了本套真题，Part I 写作部分被放在了试卷的最后一页，与听力部分完全隔开，请大家在备考过程中提早适应卷面顺序！Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you willhear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 1to 4are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)Host a talk on how to give a good speech.B)Give a lecture on the history of the town.C)Say a few words to thank the speaker.D)Introduce the speaker to the audience.2.A)He has worked with Miss Bligh for 20years.B)He has published a book on public speaking.C)He was the founder of the local historysociety.D)He joined the local history society when young.3.A)Her ancestors came to the town in the18th century.B)Her speech was so funny as to amuse the audience.C)She had a good knowledge of the town’shistory.D)She was obviously better at talking than writing.24.A)He was too nervous to speak up.B)He made an embarrassing remark.C)He kept forgetting what he was going to say.D)He read exactly what was written in his notes.Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)What their rivals are doing.C)How they are going to beat their rivals.B)What their retailers demand.D)How dramatically the market is changing.6.A)They are rapidly catching up.C)Their potential has been underestimated.B)They should be taken seriously.D)Their business strategy is quite effective.7.A)She had not seen it yet.C)It simply made her go frantic.B)She had given it to Tom D)It was not much of a big concern.8.A)Restructuring the whole company.B)Employing more forwarding agents.C)Exporting their motorbikes to Indonesia.D)Promoting cooperation with Jayal Motors.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you heara question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre. Questions9to11are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)It focuses on the link between bedtime and nutrition.B)It makes claims in conflict with the existing research.C)It cautions against the overuse of coffee and alcohol.D)It shows that“night owls”work much lessefficiently.10.A)They stand a greater chance to fall sick.B)They run a higher risk of gaining weight.C)They tend to achieve less than their peers.D)They pay greater attention to food choice.11.A)Get up late.C)Go to bed earlier.B)Exercise more.D)Sleep8hours a day.Questions12to15are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A)It has got too much publicity on TV.B)All of the acting nominees are white.3C)It is prejudiced against foreign films.D)Only7%of the nominees are female.13.A)Only3.4percent of film directors were women.B)22percent of movie directors were people of color.C)Half of the TV programs were ethnically balanced.D)Only one-fifth of TV shows had black characters.14.A)Non-white males.C)Asian speaking characters.B)Program creators.D)Females of color over40.15.A)They account for8.5%of the U.S.population.B)They contribute little to the U.S.film industry.C)They are most underrepresented across TV and film.D)They constitute17%of Hollywood movie characters.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the cor-responding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)One that ensures a healthy life for their later years.B)One that can provide for emergency needs.C)One that can pay for their medical expenses.D)One that covers their debts and burial expenses.17.A)Add more insurance on thebreadwinner.B)Save sufficient money for a rainy day.C)Purchase insurance for their children.D)Buy a home with a small down payment18.A)When they have saved enough for retirement.B)When their children grow up and leave home.C)When their family move to a different place.D)When they have found better-paying jobs.Questions19to22are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)They do not help build friendship.C)They do more harm than good.B)They may not always be negative.D)They have often been ignored.20.A)Misinterpretation of Shakespeare.C)Biased sources of information.B)Ignorance of cultural differences.D)Tendency to jump to conclusions.421.A)They persist even when circumstances have changed.B)They are often applied to minorities and ethnic people.C)They are hard to dismiss once attached to a certain group.D)They may have a negative impact on people they apply to.22.A)A positive stereotype may help one achieve betterresults.B)A negative stereotype sticks while a positive one doesnot.C)They impact people more or less in the same way.D)Some people are more sensitive to them than others.Questions23to25are based on the recording you have just beard.23.A)Quit taking the medicine immediately.B)Take some drug to relieve the side effect.C)Use some over-the-counter medicine instead.D)Ask your pharmacist to explain why it occurs.24.A)It may cause serious harm to one’s liver.B)It may increase the effect of certain drugs.C)It may lead to mental problems.D)It may help patients fall asleep.25.A)Ask their children to use legitimate medicines.B)Make sure their children use quality medicines.C)Keep medicines out of the reach of their children.D)Tell their children to treat medicines with respect.Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single linethrough the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.In the past12months,Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy,a sliding currency,and a prolonged fuel shortage.Now,Africa’s largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect,leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.The insect,Tutaabsoluta,has destroyed80%of farms in Kaduna,Nigeria’s largest tomato-producing state,leading the government there to declare a state of26.The insect,also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by27on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks.It28incredibly quickly, breeding up to12generations per year if conditions are favorable.It is believed to have29in South America in the early1900s,and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan Africa.In Nigeria,where tomatoes are a staple of local diets,the insect’s effects are devastating.Retail prices for a30of tomatoes at local markets have risen from$0.50to$2.50.Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new$20million tomato-paste factory has31production due to the shortages.56I)originated J)reduction K)reproduces L)security M)terror N)unchecked O)untouchedA)dependentB)embarkingC)emergencyD)feedingE)grazesF)haltedG)handfulH)multitude Given the moth’s ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes,Audu Ogbeh,Nigeria’s minister of agriculture,has warned that the pest may “create serious problems for food 32”in the country.Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread,which has gone largely 33until now.Despite being the continent’s second-largest producer of tomatoes,Nigeria is 34on $1billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year,as around 75%of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities.A further 35in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each state-ment contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from whichthe information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph ismarked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2.Who’s Really Addicting You to Technology?[A]“Nearly everyone I know is addicted in some measure to the Internet,”wrote Tony Schwartz in The NewYork Times .It’s a common complaint these days.A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the Net and its offspring apps,social media sites and online games of addicting us to distraction.[B]There’s little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the Net has difficulty disconnecting.Many of us,like Schwartz,struggle to stay focused on tasks that require more concentration than it takes to post a status update.As one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartz’s online article,“As I was reading this very excellent article,I stopped at least half a dozen times to check my email.”[C]There’s something different about this technology:it is both invasive and persuasive.But who’s at faultfor its overuse?To find solutions,it’s important to understand what we’re dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected:the tech,your boss,your friends and you.[D]The technologies themselves,and their makers,are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishingattention spans.Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows:What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains ,wrote,“The net is designed to be an interruption system,a machine geared to dividing attention.”[E]Online services like Facebook,Twitter and the like,are called out as masters of manipulation—makingproducts so good that people can’t stop using them.After studying these products for several years,I wrote a book about how they do it.I learned it all starts with the business model.Since these services relyon advertising revenue,the more frequently you use them,the more money they make.It’s no wonder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible.These products aren’t habit-forming by chance;it’s by design.They have an incentive to keep us hooked.[F]However,as good as these services are,there are simple steps we can take to keep them at bay.Forexample,we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge to check.According to Adam Marchick,CEO of mobile marketing company Kahuna,less than15percent of smartphone users ever bother to adjust their notification settings—meaning the remaining85percent of us default to the app makers’every preset trigger.Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to adjust these settings so it’s up to us to take steps to ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs,not the needs of the app makers’.[G]While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers,other technologieshave no such agenda.Take email,for example.This system couldn’t care less how often you use it.Yet to many,email is the most habit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day—we’re obsessed.But why?Because that’s what the boss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs,email is the primary tool of corporate communication.A slow response to a message could hurt not only your reputa-tion but also your livelihood.[H]Your friends are also responsible for the addiction.Think about this familiar scene.People gatheredaround a table,enjoying food and each other’s company.There’s laughter and a bit of kidding.Then, during an interval in the conversation,someone takes out their phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.[I]Now,imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone,the person belches(打嗝)—loudly.Everyone notices.Unless the meal takes place in a beer house,this is considered bad manners.The impo-lite act violates the basic rules of etiquette.One has to wonder:why don’t we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals,meetings and conversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors?Somehow,we accept it and say nothing when someone offends.[J]The reality is,taking one’s phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because,unlike other minor offense,checking tech is contagious.Once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to do the same,starting a chain reaction.The more people are on their phones,the fewer people are talking until finally you’re the only one left not reading email or checking Twitter.From a societal perspective,phone checking is less like belching in public and more like another bad habit.Our phones are like cigarettes—something to do when we’re anxious,bored or when our fingers need something to toy with.Seeing others enjoy a smoke,or sneak a quick glance,is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it.[K]The technology,your boss,and your friends,all influence how often you find yourself using(or overus-ing)these gadgets.But there’s still someone who deserves scrutiny—the person holding thephone. [L]I have a confession.Even though I study habit-forming technology for a living,disconnecting is not easy for me.I’m online far more than I’d like.Like Schwartz and so many others,I often find myself distracted and off task.I wanted to know why so I began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior.That’s when I discovered an uncomfortable truth.I use technology as an escape.When I’m doing something I’d rather not do,or when I’m someplace I’d rather not be,I use my phone to port myself elsewhere.I found7that this ability to instantly shift my attention was often a good thing,like when passing time on public transportation.But frequently my tech use was not so benign.When I faced difficult work,like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time,for example,a more sinister screen would draw me in.I could easily escape discomfort,temporarily,by answering email or browsing the web under the pretense of so-called“research.”Though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere,I finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do with new-age technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination(拖延).[M]It’s easy to blame technology for being so distracting,but distraction is nothing new.Aristotle and Socrates debated the nature of“akrasia”—our tendency to do things against our interests.If we’re honest with ourselves,tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds.If we weren’t on our devices,we’d likely do something similarly unproductive.[N]Personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever,and there’s no doubt companies are engineering their products and services to be more compelling and attractive.But would we want it any other way?The intended result of making something better is that people use it more.That’s not necessarily a problem,that’s progress.[O]These improvements don’t mean we shouldn’t attempt to control our use of technology.In order to make sure it doesn’t control us,we should come to terms with the fact that it’s more than the technology itself that’s responsible for our habits.Our workplace culture,social norms and individual behaviors all playa part.To put technology in its place,we must be conscious not only of how technology is changing,butalso of how it is changing us.36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used,the more profit they generate.37.The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38.Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching.39.To make proper use of technology,we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing butalso how it is impacting us.40.Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of Internet distractions.41.When one person starts checking their phone,the others will follow suit.42.The great majority of smartphone users don’t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their ownpurposes.43.The Internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.44.The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should do rightaway.45.White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employers.8Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfin-ished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a singleline through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.You may have heard that Coca-Cola once contained an ingredient capable of sparking particular devotion in consumers:cocaine.The“coca”in the name referred to the extracts of coca leaf that the drink’s originator,chemist John Pemberton,mixed with his sugary syrup(浆汁).At the time,coca leaf extract mixed with wine was a common tonic(滋补品),and Pemberton’s sweet brew was a way to get around local laws prohibiting the sale of alcohol.But the other half of the name represents another ingredient,less infamous(名声不好的),perhaps,but also strangely potent:the kola nut.In West Africa,people have long chewed kola nuts as stimulants,because they contain caffeine that also occurs naturally in tea,coffee,and chocolate.They also have heart stimulants.Historian Paul Lovejoy relates that the cultivation of kola nuts in West Africa is hundreds of years old. The leafy,spreading trees were planted on graves and as part of traditional rituals.Even though the nuts, which need to stay moist,can be somewhat delicate to transport,traders carried them hundreds of miles throughout the forests and grasslands.Europeans did not know of them until the1500s,when Portuguese ships arrived on the coast of what is now Sierra Leone.And while the Portuguese took part in the trade,ferrying nuts down the coast along with other goods,by1620,when English explorer Richard Jobson made his way up the Gambia,the nuts were still peculiar to his eyes.By the late19th century,kola nuts were being shipped by the tonne to Europe and the US.Many made their way into medicines,intended as a kind of energy boost.One such popular medicinal drink was Vin Mariani,a French product consisting of coca extract mixed with red wine.It was created by a French chemist, Angelo Mariani,in1863.So when Pemberton created his drink,it represented an ongoing trend.When cocaine eventually fell from grace as a beverage ingredient,kola-extract colas became popular.The first year it was available,Coca-Cola averaged nine servings a day across all the Atlanta soda fountains where it was sold.As it grew more popular,the company sold rights to bottle the soda,so it could travel easily.Today about1.9billion Cokes are purchased daily.It’s become so iconic that attempts to change its taste in1985-sweetening it in a move projected to boost sales-proved disastrous,with widespread anger from consumers.“Coca-Cola Classic”returned to store shelves just three months after the“New Coke”was released.These days,the Coca-Cola recipe is a closely guarded secret.But it’s said to no longer contain kola nut extract,relying instead on artificial imitations to achieve the flavour.46.What do we learn about chemist John Pemberton?A)He used a strangely potent ingredient in a food supplement.B)He created a drink containing alcohol without breaking law.C)He became notorious because of the coca drink he developed.D)He risked breaking local law to make a drink with coca leaves.47.What does the passage say about kola nuts?A)Their commercial value was first discovered by Portuguese settlers.B)They contain some kind of energy boost not found in any other food.9C)Many were shipped to Europe in the late19th century for medicinal use.D)They were strange to the Europeans when first imported from WestAfrica.48.How come kola-extract colas became popular?A)Cocaine had become notorious.C)Fountains were set up to sell them.B)Alcoholic drinks were prohibited.D)Rights were sold to bottle the soda.49.What is known about the taste of Coca-Cola?A)It was so designed as to create addiction in consumers.B)It still relies on traditional kola nut extract.C)It has become more popular among the old.D)It has remained virtually unchanged since its creation.50.What is the passage mainly about?A)The evolution of Coca-Cola.C)The medicinal value of Coca-Cola.B)The success story of Coca-Cola.D)The business strategy of Coca-Cola.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Twenty years ago,the Urban Land Institute defined the two types of cities that dominated the US landscape:smaller cities that operated around standard9-5business hours and large metropolitan areas that ran all24hours of the day.Analyzing and comparing cities using the lens of this basic divide gives interesting context to how investment capital flows and housing prices have shifted.In recent years,many mid-sized cities have begun to adopt a middle-of-the-road approach incorporating the excitement and opportunity of large cities with small cities’quiet after midnight.These18-hour cities are beginning to make waves in real estate rankings and attract more real estate investment.What is underlying this new movement in real estate,and why do these cities have so much appeal?18-hour cities combine the best of24-hour and9-5cities,which contributes to downtown revitalization. For decades,many downtown cores in small to mid-sized cities were abandoned after work hours by workers who lived in the suburbs.Movement out of city centers was widespread,and downtown tenants were predominantly made up of the working poor.This generated little commerce for downtown businesses in the evenings,which made business and generating tax revenue for municipal upkeep difficult.With the rise of a new concept in urban planning that aims to make life easier and more convenient,however,increasing popularity for urban areas that caused the real estate pushes,in major cities like San Francisco or New York, has inspired a type of forward thinking urbanity and policy in smaller cities.Transforming downtown areas so that they incorporate modern housing and improved walkability to local restaurants,retail,and entertainment—especially when combined with improved infrastructure for cyclists and public transit—makes them appeal to a more affluent demographic.These adjustments encourage employers in the knowledge and talent industries to keep their offices downtown.Access to foot traffic and proximity to transit allow the type of entertainment-oriented businesses such as bars and restaurants to stay open later,which attracts both younger,creative workers and baby boomers nearing retirement alike.Because of their smaller size,most keep hours that allow people to enjoy themselves,then have some quiet after midnight,as opposed to large major cities like New York,where the buzz of activity is ongoing.These18-hour cities are rapidly on the rise and offer great opportunities for homeowner investment.In many of these cities such as Denver,a diverse and vigorous economy attracted to the urban core has offered stable employment for residents.The right urban mix has propped up home occupancy,increased property values,and attracted significant investment capital.1051.What do we learn about American cities twenty years ago?A)They were divided into residential and business areas.B)Their housing prices were linked with their prosperity.C)There was a clear divide between large and small cities.D)They were places where large investment capital flowed.52.What can be inferred from the passage about18-hour cities?A)They especially appeal to small businesses.B)They have seen a rise in property prices.C)They have replaced quiet with excitement.D)They have changed America’s landscape.53.Years ago,many downtown cores in small to mid-sized cities.A)had hardly any business activity C)exhibited no signs of prosperityB)were crowded in business hours D)looked deserted in the evenings54.What characterizes the new downtown areas in18-hour cities?A)A sudden emergence of the knowledgeindustry.B)Flooding in of large crowds of migrant workers.C)Modernized housing and improved infrastructure.D)More comfortable life and greater upward mobility.55.What have18-hour cities brought to the local residents?A)More chances for promotion.C)Greater cultural diversity.B)Healthier living environment.D)Better job opportunities.Part IV Translation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.太湖是中国东部的一个淡水湖，占地面积2250平方公里，是中国第三大淡水湖，仅次于鄱阳湖和洞庭湖。