信息管理英语共15页word资料

信息管理英语结课作业专业：信息管理与信息系统学号：姓名：日期：2019年6月14日rmationInformation, in its most restricted technical sense, is a sequence of symbols that can be interpreted as a message. Information can be recorded as signs, or transmitted as signals. Information is any kind of event that affects the state of a dynamic system. Conceptually, information is the message (utterance or expression) being conveyed. This concept has numerous other meanings in different contexts.[1] Moreover, the concept of information is closely related to notions of constraint, communication, control, data, form, instruction, knowledge, meaning, mental stimulus, pattern, perception, representation, and especially entropy.信息,在其最受限制的技术意义上,是一个序列的符号,可以被解释为一个消息。

信息可以被记录为标志,或传输信号。

信息是任何类型的事件,影响一个动态系统的状态。

从概念上讲,信息是信息(话语或表达式)的表达。

这一概念具有许多其他在不同语境下的含义。

[1]此外,信息的概念密切相关的概念约束、通信、控制、数据、形式、指令、知识、意义,精神刺激,模式,感知的代表性,尤其是熵。

2.How to measure information?Numerically, information is measured in bits (short for binary digit). One bit is equivalent to the choice between two equally likely choices. When there are several equally likely choices, the number of bits is equal to the logarithm of the number of choices taken to the base two.The mathematical expression for information content closely resembles the expression for entropy in thermodynamics.在数字上，使用位（是二进制数的缩写）来度量信息。

一位表示在两个发生概率完全相同的选择中选择其一。

当有几种相同的概率选择时，位数等于可选择数的以二为底的对数。

用于信息内容的数学表达式很类似于热动力学的熵的表达式。

3.What is the difference between data and information?Data is raw material for data processing. data relates to fact, event and transactions. Data refers to unprocessed informationrmation is data that has been processed in such a way as to be meaningful to the person who receives it. it is any thing that is communicated.For example,researchers who conduct market research survey might ask a member of the public to complete questionnaires about a product or a service. These completed questionnaires are data; they are processed and analyze in order to prepare a report on the survey. This resulting report is information. 数据处理的数据是原材料。

数据涉及的事实、事件和交易。

数据指未处理的信息。

信息数据被处理方式有意义的接收它的人。

它是沟通的任何东西。

例如，进行市场调查的研究人员调查成员市民可能会问到有关产品或服务的完整问卷。

这些问卷数据；他们的处理和分析，以便编写报告的调查。

这个生成的报告的信息。

4.Roll-up access,Roll-down access（上卷访问,Roll-down访问）Imagine being able to distribute critical path information almost effortlessly to project stakeholders at various levels in your project hierarchy or corporate structure. Roll-up/roll-down is a unique feature that allows project information to flow up and down a pyramid the way communications naturally flow in the AEC environment. By providing a simple way to consolidate calendars across projects and participants, the Roll-up/Roll-down feature helps you avoid scheduling conflicts and missed deadlines. Each Workspace displays a calendar on its Summary Page.想象一下可以分发关键路径信息几乎毫不费力地各级项目涉众在项目层次结构或公司结构。

上卷/ roll-down是一个独特的特性,允许项目信息流程向上和向下一个金字塔通信的方式自然流动环境工程。

通过提供一个简单的方式来巩固日历跨项目和参与者,上卷/ Roll-down功能帮助您避免调度冲突和错过的最终期限。

每个工作区显示一个日历在总结页面。

5.BPRBusiness process re-engineering is the analysis and design of workflows and processes within an organization. According to Davenport (1990) a business process is a set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined business outcome. Re-engineering is the basis for many recent developments in management. The cross-functional team, for example, has become popular because of the desire to re-engineer separate functional tasks into complete cross-functional processes.[citation needed] Also, many recent management information systems developments aim to integrate a wide number of business functions. Enterprise resource planning, supply chain management, knowledge management systems, groupware and collaborative systems, Human Resource Management Systems and customer relationship management.业务流程再造是分析和设计工作流和流程的组织内。

根据达文波特(1990)业务流程是一组逻辑相关的任务执行以实现定义的业务结果。

再造的根源是许多的近期发展管理。

这个跨职能团队,例如,已经成为受欢迎的原因,希望重新设计任务为单独的功能完整的跨职能的过程。

[需要引证],许多最近的管理信息系统的发展目标来集成业务功能的很多。

企业资源计划、供应链管理、知识管理系统、群件和协作系统、人力资源管理系统和客户关系管理。

6.CRMCustomer relationship management (CRM) is a widely implemented model for managing a company’s interactions with customers, clients, and sales prospects. It involves using technology to organize, automate, and synchronize business processes—principally sales activities, but also those for marketing, customer service, and technical support.[1] The overall goals are to find, attract, and win new clients; nurture and retain those the company already has; entice former clients back into the fold; and reduce the costs of marketing and client service.[2] Customer relationship management describes a company-wide business strategy including customer-interface departments as well as other departments.[3] Measuring and valuing customer relationships is critical to implementing this strategy.[4] 客户关系管理(CRM)是一个被广泛实现的模型来管理公司和客户的互动、客户和销售前景。