英语常用句型结构大全 高考英语独立主格结构
独立主格结构 常见短语

独立主格结构一、什么是独立主格结构?独立主格结构是英语语法中的一种特殊结构,由独立主格词(非谓语动词或名词短语)和主句构成。
独立主格词一般用非谓语动词的-ing形式或名词短语,它在句中起到修饰、补充或解释的作用,与主句之间没有谓语动词的关系。
独立主格结构一般用来表示时间、状态、原因、结果等。
二、独立主格结构的形式独立主格结构的形式可以是:1.现在分词短语:Ving + 宾语2.过去分词短语:Ved + 宾语3.名词短语:名词 + 宾语4.代词短语:代词 + 宾语举个例子:1.Hearing the news, Mary smiled happily.2.Surprised at the result, John shouted with joy.3.His father’s sudden death, the boy cried bitterly.4.Being a doctor, she is always busy with her patients.三、独立主格结构的用法1. 时间、条件和原因独立主格结构可以用来表示时间、条件和原因,常用的表达方式有:•时间:造句的是:现在分词短语 + 时间状语举个例子:•The sun having set, we decided to go home.•条件:造句的是:现在分词短语 + 假设条件举个例子:•The weather being fine, we decided to go for a walk.•原因:造句的是:现在分词短语/过去分词短语 + 因果关系举个例子:•The road being icy, we decided to stay at home.2. 结果和补充说明独立主格结构还可以用来表示结果和补充说明,常用的表达方式有:•结果:造句的是:现在分词短语 + 结果举个例子:•The rain having stopped, they resumed their journey.•补充说明:造句的是:现在分词短语 + 附加说明举个例子:•The book being very interesting, I couldn’t put it down.3. 让步和比较独立主格结构还可以用来表示让步和比较,常用的表达方式有:•让步:造句的是:现在分词短语/过去分词短语 + 让步条件举个例子:•Tired though he was, he kept working.•比较:造句的是:现在分词短语 + 比较对象举个例子:•Excited though she was, I remained calm.四、独立主格结构的注意事项在使用独立主格结构时,需要注意以下几点:1.独立主格词必须在主句中有明确的先行词,且两者之间必须存在逻辑关系。
独立主格结构的八种基本句型

独立主格结构的八种基本句型独立主格8种基本句型:名词/代词+现在分词;名词/代词+过去分词;名词/代词+不定式等。
名词/代词+现在分词:现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。
例:The man lay there, his hands trembling.那人躺在那里,双手颤抖。
So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off.由于许多学生缺席,会议不得不推迟。
His homework having been done, Tom went to sleep.作业做完后,汤姆就睡着了。
注:“独立结构”中的being或having been有时可以省去,这样就成了无动词分句或过去分词分句。
名词/代词+过去分词:过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。
例:The boy lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head.男孩仰面躺着,双手交叉放在头下。
The job not finished, we couldn’t see the film.工作还没做完,我们就看不到电影了。
Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move.她的衬衫被钉子钩住了,她动不了。
后面两个句子也可以看成省略掉了having been,being。
如果加上,这两个句子就又变成了现在分词分句。
名词/代词+不定式:不定式表示的是将来的动作。
例:He suggested going for a picnic, Mary to provide the food.他建议去野餐,由玛丽提供食物。
These are the first two books,the third one to come out next month.这是前两本书,第三本下个月出版。
高考英语 重难点语法讲解独立主格结构

高中语法——独立主格结构独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词(副)词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。
一、独立主格结构的构成形式1、逻辑主语+V-ing这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者,分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作,而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。
如:(1). Such being the case, I couldn’t help but support him.(2). Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper following it closely.(3). Weather permitting, they decided to go for an outing.(4). There being no buses, we had to walk home after work yesterday.(5). The thief fell to the ground, his left foot broken and blood running down from his mouth.(6). Time permitting, we could have done it better.(7). It being noisy, she couldn’t make herself heard clearly.(8). It being too late, he couldn’t find himself any taxis.(9). It being fine, we will go climbing.(10). The Green’s has been broken into th ree times, each resulting in their great loss.(11)The thieves ran away separately, each carrying a bag.1. __________no bus, we had to walk home.A. There beingB. BeingC. Having beenD. There was2. _______no bus, we had to walk home.A. As there beingB. As there wasC. BeingD. There was3. _______Sunday, the library doesn't open.A. BeingB. There beingC. It beingD. Having been4. ______Sunday, the library doesn't open.A. As it beingB. BeingC. It isD. As it is2、逻辑主语+V-ed该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。
5种基本句型和独立主格结构讲解

英语中的五种根本句型结构一、句型1: Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不与物动词,所谓不与物动词,就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。
常见的动词如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen 等。
如:1) Li Ming works very hard.明学习很努力。
2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。
3〕Spring is coming.4) We have lived in the city for ten years.二、句型2:Subject (主语) + Link. V(系动词) + Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。
其系动词一般可分为以下两类:(1)表示状态。
这样的词有:be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。
如:1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。
2) He looked worried just now.刚刚他看上去有些焦急。
(2)表示变化。
这类系动词有:become, turn, get, grow, go等。
如:1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。
2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。
三、句型3:Subject(主语) + Verb (谓语) + Object (宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为与物动词, 所谓与物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。
英语语法独立主格结构

英语语法独立主格结构独立主格结构是英语语法中一种重要的句子结构,它可以帮助我们清晰地表达句子的逻辑关系和语义关系,增强句子的表达力和语言的逻辑性。
本文将详细介绍独立主格结构的定义、形式、用法和相关练习。
一、定义独立主格结构是指在一个句子中,主句的主语和独立主格之间存在一种逻辑上的平行关系。
独立主格结构通常由名词或代词(独立主格)+动词/副词/介词短语(补语)构成,与主句之间用逗号隔开。
二、形式独立主格结构可由以下几种形式构成:1.名词短语作独立主格例如:- His arms folded, he leaned against the wall.- The children playing in the yard, the parents sat on the porch.2.代词短语作独立主格例如:- Her hair flowing in the wind, she walked along the beach.- With a smile on his face, he greeted the guests.3.动词短语作独立主格例如:- The sun shining brightly, we decided to go for a picnic.- The game over, the crowd cheered for their team.4.副词短语作独立主格例如:- The storm having passed, we ventured out of our shelter.- The rain falling heavily, she hurriedly grabbed an umbrella.5.介词短语作独立主格例如:- With a sigh of relief, he finished his final exam.- In the distance, we could hear the sound of waves crashing.三、用法独立主格结构能够起到以下几种作用:1.表示时间、条件或原因- The rain having stopped, we went outside to play.- The bus having arrived, we boarded and headed home.2.表示场景、情景或背景- The children singing and dancing, the party was a great success.- The streets filled with people, the city felt vibrant and alive.3.表示对比、对立或转折- The students studying diligently, the teacher was pleased with their progress.4.修饰句子成分,增强句子表达力- His hands trembling, he handed me the letter.- The book finished, she closed it and put it back on the shelf.四、练习请根据上述的独立主格结构的定义、形式和用法,完成以下练习。
英语语法学习:最新独立主格结构知识点小结

英语语法学习:最新独立主格结构知识点小结
非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。
但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语,从而在结构上与主语不发生关系,我们称之为独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)。
独立主格结构自身不是语句,在语句中做状语,表時间、缘由、条件、随着、目的及状况等。
一、独立主格结构有8种基本句型如下:
1.“名词/代词+不定式”结构
由不定式构成的独立主格结构往往表示还未发生的动作或状态,在句中常作原因状语,偶尔作条件状语。
动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是动宾关系,则用被动形式。
例如:
His friends to come tonight,he is busy preparing the dinner.
他的朋友今晚要来,他正忙着准备晚餐。
No one to wake me up,I might be late for the first class.
如果没人叫醒我,我会错过第一节课的。
The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.
我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。
Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 种上许多的树、花和草后,我们新建的学校看上去将更美。
英语独立主格结构的几种形式

独立主格结构在英语中非常重要,其作用相当于一个状语从句,多用于表示方式、行为、伴随等情况,有时也用于表示时间、条件、原因等情况。
独立主格结构在高考英语中是一个常考项点,大家要认真掌握。
1 名词(代词)+现在分词结构
例句1:Weather permitting, we will go out for a walk tomorrow morning.
天气允许的话,我们明天早晨出去散步。
2 名词(代词)+过去分词结构
例句2:More time given, we should have done the job better.
如果给我们更多的时间,我们会把工作做得更完美。
3 名词(代词)+不定式结构
例句3:A meeting to be held tomorrow, I can’t stay up late tonight.
明天要开会,我今晚不能晚睡。
4 名词(代词)+形容词
例句4:The class over, we all went out to play games
下课了,我们都出去做游戏了。
5 名词(代词)+介词短语
例句5:A book in hand, the teacher entered the classroom.
拿着一本书,老师走进了教室。
6 名词(代词)+副词
例句6:Palms outward, the thief held up his hands.
掌心向外,小偷举起了双手。
高考英语考点 79独立主格结构

考点七十九独立主格结构此独立形式只是一个小短语,而不是主谓完整的简单句,又称之为独立分词构句。
当分词意义上的主语不是主句的主语时,必须在分词前保留意义上的主语,否则语意不通。
Being ill in bed, I can’t go to school.Mother being ill in bed, I can’t go to school.1.独立主格结构形式可用以表时间、理由、条件、伴随状态等He lay on the grass, the sun shining upon him. = He lay on the grass, and the sun was shining upon him.Weather permitting, I’ll start tomorrow. = If weather permits, I’ll start tomorrow.School being over, the boys went home. = When school was over, the boys went home.The sun having set, we arrived at the station. = After the sun had set, we arrived at the station.王牌要点:当独立主格结构的主语表示“一般人”,如:we, one, you时,主语可省略,此用法常用于下列表达方式中:generally speaking 一般来说strictly speaking 严格地说talking of … 谈到speaking of ..说到judging from… 由……来判断taking all things into consideration 把一切都考虑在内considering… 考虑到……If we judge from his face, he must be ill. = Judging from his face, he must be ill.He has lots of books if we consider that he is young. = He has lots of books, considering that he is young.2.with复合结构也是独立主格结构形式之一。
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或“越……越好”。该句型中的 not 可以换成 hardly,never 或 scarcely;too 可以 换成 over 或 enough 等,意思不变。You cannot be too careful.You cannot be over careful.=You cannot be careful enough.你越仔细越好。A man can never have too many friends.朋友越多越好。 3.It's a wise man that never makes mistakes.无论多幺聪明的人,也难免犯 错误。【析】“It is a +形容词+名词+that...”结构是一个特殊的习惯用法,意思是“无论怎样 的……也不……”。真正的句子意思与字面意思相反,它具有含蓄的让步意味, 切不可望文生义、译成强调句型。It's a long lane that has no turning.无论 怎样长的巷子也有转弯处。(引申意义为:耐心等待终会时来运转。)It's a good horse that never stumbles.再好的马也有失前蹄的时候。(引申意义为: 金无足赤,人无完人。)4I'm too anxious to know the result.我极想知道 结果。【析】英语中“too...to...”结构表示“太……以致不”的意思。例如:The star is too small to see.但是,如果 too 后形容词表示主语的状态、心理活动、情感态度(常见 的有 glad,easy,ready,anxious,eager, willing,happy 等),并与其后的不定式构成固定搭配,这时 too 含有肯定 意义,表示“very,extremely”的意思。They are too anxious to leave.他们急于 离去。Mr.Smith was too eager to see her.史密斯先生极想见到她。5.It's three years since he was a teacher.他不当教师已经三年了。【析】在“It is some time since +主语+谓语+其它成分。”这一结构中,如果从句谓语动词是非延续性动词, 那幺时间的计算就从该动作的发生开始算起。It‘s three years since he joined the army.他参军已经三年了。如果从句谓语动词是延续性动词,时间就要从
murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 答案 D. with +名词(代词)+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时,其主语常常用 with 来引导。由于本句中名词”手”与分词”绑”是被动关系,因此用过去分词, 选 D.注意:1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题:当介词是 in 时,其前后的两个 名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构 不受此限制 A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.( hand 前不能加 his)。2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时,及物动词用现在分 词,不及物动词用过去 分词。He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.典型例题:Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.A permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting 答案 B. 本题中没有连词,它不是复 合句,也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗号,且 we 小写,可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或 with 的复 合结构。据此判断,本句中使用的是独立结构,其结构为:名词+分词。 由于 permit 在这里翻译为'天气允许',表主动,应用现在分词, 故选 B。如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式,不妨将句子改为条件句,例 如本句改为 If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后将 if 去掉,再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。不能“以貌取意” 的常见句型例析 1.This is the last thing I would ever want to do.这是我最不愿做 的一件事情。【析】“the last +to do;the last +定语从句”中的 last 的意思为“least willing/likely”,译为“最不愿意;最不可能”。He's the last man I want to see.他是我最不想见的人。He is the last person to tell a lie.他是最不可能撒谎的 人。She's the last woman I want to sit next to at dinner.她是我在宴会上最不愿与之挨着坐的女人。2.One can't be too honest.人越老实越好。【析】句中“cannot...too...”意为“无论怎样……也不过分”
英语常用句型结构大全 高考英语独立主格结构
一年一度的高考即将到来,作为三大主科之一的英语,在考试中所 作占的分数比例很大,但是英语也是许多考生的薄弱科目。那幺想学好英语 的得到高分最起码要掌握英语最基本的常用句型语法等,下面小编就给大家 分享一下英语独立主格结构,希望大家学业有成,工作顺利 独立主格结构一) 独立主格结构的构成:名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词; 名词(代词)+形容词;名词(代词)+副词;名词(代词)+不定式;名词(代词) +介词短 语构成。二) 独立主格结构的特点:1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主 语不同,它独立存在。2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定 式, 介词等是主谓关系。3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。举例:The test finished, we began our holiday.= When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 考试结束了,我们开始放假。The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.如果天气允许,我们明天去看你。This done, we went home.工作完成后,我们才回家。The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。He came into the room, his ears red with cold.他回到了房子里,耳朵冻坏了。He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆。三) With 的复合结构 作独立主格表伴随时,既可用分词的独立结构,也可用 with 的复合结构。 with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语举例: He stood there, his hand raised.= He stood there, with his raise.典型例题 The