高考英语二轮专题总复习 语法部分虚拟语气
高中英语高考高考英语语法总复习课件：虚拟语气 (共82张PPT)
【例11】 When a pencil is parted in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____(break)_. 【例12】 Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ (happen)yesterday.
主句 would/should/could/might
If he didn’t come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.
主过将从过， 主过将完从过完 would do/did would have done/had done
【例1】 If we ______ (take)the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
【例13】 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______ (follow)your advice. 知识扩展：follow/take sb's advice
【例13】 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I had followed (follow)your advice. 知识扩展：follow/take sb's advice
做题时注意：动词的形式根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整
一分为二，先找时间再判断时态。
【例4】
If we ______ （book）a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.
高考英语二轮总复习 核心语法必备 专题一 谓语动词(动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)
cook, draw等, 常与well, easily,
这件衬衫不好洗。
smoothly等副词连用
open, close, lock, move, keep等动词常 The drawer won't lock.
与won't, can't, wouldn't 连用
这个抽屉锁不上。
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
意义 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, company, population, 单
一致 enemy, party, crew, audience, committee, government, majority, 复
原则 group等强调整体时谓语动词用单数, 指个体成员时谓语动词用 数
代词
单个的动词-ing形式、动词不定式或主语从句
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
原则
主语
谓语
由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念
有生命的集体名词, 如people, police, cattle等 一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词, 如goods,
stairs,
arms等
复数
山脉、群岛、瀑布等以-s结尾的专有名词
重点三 主谓一致3原则
原则
主语
谓语
语法 单数
单数
一致 原则
复数
复数
就近 一致 原则
由or, either... or..., neither... nor...,
not only... but (also)..., not... but... 等连接
与最近的主语在单复数上 保持一致
2022高考英语：(11)二轮语法学案(虚拟语气)(练习题配解析或解析)
2022高考英语：（11）二轮语法学案（虚拟语气）（练习题配解析或解析）语法项目为虚拟语气。
现将其详细归纳如下： The Su bjunctive Mood(虚拟语气)(1)．英语的动词一样可用三种不同的语气：陈述语气(The Indicative Mood)．祈使句语气(The Impera— tive Mood)和虚拟语气(The Su bjunctive Mood)。
1．陈述语气(The Indicative Mood)要紧用来陈述一个事实或提出一种看法，它可分为确信句、否定句、疑问句和感叹句四种形式。
2．祈使语气(The Imperative Mood)能够用来表示要求、邀请、命令、警告或劝说等。
3．虚拟语气(The Su bjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的内容不是事实．而是一种假设：愿望、怀疑或估量。
虚拟语气要紧用于条件从句、状语从句和名词性从句中。
(1)表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。
if引导的条件句谓语动词用过去时，动词be的过去式多用were代替was；主句谓语动词用should／would／could/might+动词原形。
eg：I would ee,tainly go ifl had time．(I have no time)要是我有时刻我一定去。
If he were here．everything would be aIl fight．(he is not here)假如他在那个地点,一切就没问题了。
1f he were／was here．we could ask him．假如他在那个地点，我们就能够问他了。
If you didn't hurry．you mighl be late again．假如你不抓紧，可能又要迟到了。
If he were here with us．we should,／would feel much better．假如他和我们在一起，我们的感受会好得多。
高考英语二轮专题语法系列--虚拟语气讲义
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或与事实不符的假设等，也可以表示可能性较小的情况或不可能发生的情况，而不是客观存在的事实(表示客观事实要用陈述语气)。
虚拟语气是由句中谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。
虚拟语气常用于复合句中，也可用于简单句。
比较：If she asks me tomorrow,I shall do it.如果她明天请求我，我会做的。
(陈述语气，说话人认为请求的可能性大)If she asked me tomorrow, I should do it. 假如她明天请求我，我会做的。
(虚拟语气，说话人认为请求的可能性小或不可能请求)1 虚拟语气的用法1-1 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1)表示与现在事实相反的情况If I were/was not busy today, I should go with you.如果我今天有空，我会同你一起去的。
If he were/was here,he might talk with you.如果他在这里，他可能会同你谈谈。
If I were you,I wouldn't accept her suggestion.如果我是你，我不会接受她的建议。
If I knew the answer to the question,I should/ would tell you.如果我知道问题的答案，我当然会告诉你。
If we left now, we should/would arrive there in time.如果我们现在就动身，我们会准时到达那里。
If he didn't do exercise every day,he wouldn't be so strong.如果他不每天锻炼，他不会那样强壮的。
If it weren't raining, we would go fishing.要是现在不下雨，我们就去钓鱼了。
高考英语二轮复习虚拟语气教学课件-PPT
2.表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果
如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。
If he ___h_a_d_g_o_t_u_p___ early, he __w_o_u_ld_n_o_t_h_a_v_e _b_ee_n_ late for school.（与过去事实相反）
If he _h_a_d__d_r_iv_e_n_ （drive) more carefully, he _w_o_u_l_d_n_’_t_h_a_v_e_h_a_d__ (not have) the car accident yesterday.（与过去事实相反）
a. If my father _w_e_r_e_ (be) here, everything
_w__o_u_ld__b_e_ (be) OK.
b. If the world war _b_r_o_k_e(break) out again, what _w_o_u_l_d__h_a_p_p_e_n_ (happen) to our people
would/could/should / might +do
Practice 3
1.If I were you, I ____ buy the house right now. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t
2. _____more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
a.If she h_a_d__c_o_m__e_(come) five minutes earlier, she _w_o_u__ld__h_a_v_e_c_a_u_g_h_t_(catch) the early bus.
高考英语语法专题复习-动词的语气-虚拟语气
语法复习十：动词的语气——虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语气的种类：(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。
What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
如: Open the door, please。
请打开门。
(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。
May you succeed! 祝您成功！二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。
如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。
)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
现将虚拟条件从should 可用于各种人称。
l、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。
如: If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。
2、表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。
高考英语二轮专题语法复习虚拟语气语法讲义15if的隐含和省略以及与butfor相关虚拟语气知识点总结
高中英语语法学习/复习讲义虚拟语气语法知识点讲义15【精讲版·全国通用】if的隐含和省略以及与but for相关虚拟语气知识点总结虚拟条件句中if的隐含或省略语言是灵活多变的，表达是丰富多彩的。
有的时候虚拟语气的表现形式也显得非常灵活，比如就说其中的虚拟条件吧——它有时会以if从句来表示，但有时会用某种短语来表示，比如不定式短语、分词短语、介词短语等等。
1. if 的隐含I should be happy to go with you. 如果能与你一起去，我将很高兴。
句中的不定式短语to go with you就是表示虚拟条件的，它相当于if I could go with you。
这句话的言外之意是：可惜我不一定有机会同你一起去。
To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。
句中的不定式短语to have studied harder也是表示虚拟条件的，它相当于if you had studied harder。
句子的言外之意是：可惜你当时没有更用功我，所以你就没有考及格。
Failing this time, what would you do？假若这次失败，那你怎么办？句中的分词短语failing this time表示虚拟条件，相当于if you failed this time。
其言外之意是：尽管失败的可能性很小，但还是有可能会失败，假若失败了，那怎么办？Without your help, we couldn’t have succeeded. 如果没有你的帮助，我们就不会取得成功。
句中的介词短语without your help表示虚拟条件，相当于if you hadn’t given us help。
其言外之意是：好在你帮助了我们，所以我们取得了成功。
I didn’t know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn’t have believed him. 我不知道他是个骗子，不然我也不会相信他了。
高考英语二轮专题语法总复习-定语从句
高考英语二轮专题总复习语法定语从句1.回顾复习上节课虚拟语气用法：①我要睡觉了。
希望你能将电视机声音调小点。
→②If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you ___ able to write letters in EnglishA. should beB. wereC. must beD. are③Her facial expression suggested that she ___ angry.A. should beB. must beC. wasD. be④We’d rather you___ the account tomorrowA. settledB. settleC. will settleD. would settle⑤if only that photoA. hadn’t missedB. missedC. not missedD. missing2.上节课盲点回顾停下来去喝水→停止喝水→Science→（科学的）→（科学家）该上学了→It is timeIt is time听写单词：3.定语从句的概念Green team（绿队）→Team in green（绿队）→The team who wear in green.(穿绿衣服的队伍)↓↓↓形容词介词短语从句（即为定语从句）▶▶▶▶▶The Attributive Clause→在句子中修饰或限定名词，代词的从句就是定语从句☻The team who先行词4．关系代词的用法：which, who, whom, whose, that4.1 ①These are the trees which / that were planted last year。
②These are the students who won the first place last year.③The runner who you are asking about is over there.④The games which / that the young men competed in were difficult.▶▶▶▶▶归纳总结：在定语从句中当先行词是事物时，那么该从句要用关系代词：引导。
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2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习语法部分虚拟语气
表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
虚拟语气在if条件从句中的使用
【观察】
If I were you, I would go to bed early tonight. 如果我是你，我今晚就会早点睡。
If you took the bus, you would be late for the film. 如果你坐公车去看电影，那么你就会迟到。
If Jack had scored that goal, we would have won the football match. 如果杰克射进了那个球，我们就会赢得那场足球比赛。
If she hadn’t come, I might have been in trouble. 如果她没来，我可能已陷入困境了。
I could help you if you had difficulty in doing your homework. 如果你做作业有困难，我会帮助你的。
If it were to rain tomorrow, they would not go out. 如果明天下雨的话，他们就不会出去。
【归纳】
注意：若从句中的谓语动词是be动词的话，一律用were。
【实践】
1.If he my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
A. followed
B. should follow
C. had followed
D. would follow
2. 翻译：如果我有足够的钱，我会周游世界。
If I had enough money, I would travel around the world.
翻译：如果明天见到他，我会邀请他到我家。
If I should see / were to see / saw him tomorrow, I would invite him to my house. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句时，可以转换成下列形式：
（1）省略if, 用“were, had, should + 主语”。
如：
Were she my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad. 如果她是我女儿，我就不让她出国学习了。
Had I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded. 如果我当时努力学习的话，我肯定会成功的。
Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come. 如果明天有会议，我会来。
（2）含蓄条件句。
虚拟语气句中不出现if 条件句，而是用介词、介词短语或连词通过上下文表现出来，这时须根据句子的含义判定是用虚拟现在式还是虚拟过去式。
常见短语有：but for, without, otherwise, or 等。
如：
Without your help, I wouldn’t have succeeded. (= If you hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have succeeded.) 没有你的帮助，我就不会成功。
But for your advice, I would have failed.(=If you hadn’t given me advice, I would have failed.) 如果不是你的建议，我会失败的。
【实践】
1. the president, I allow the poor students to enter the university for free.
A. Were I; will
B. Am I; will
C. Were I; would
D. Am I; would
2.Without your help, we _________ so much.
A. will not achieve
B. didn’t achieve
C. don’t achieve
D. would not have achieved
Step7. Explorative activity虚拟语气在wish从句中的使用
【观察】
How I wish I knew his address at the very moment. But unfortunately I don’t.
I do wish I had been born 20 years earlier.
I wish it would snow tomorrow.
【归纳】
1. I wish I able to tell him all about it last night.
A. should be
B. were
C. was
D. had been
2. 翻译：如果有一天我能飞到月球上就好了。
I wish I could fly to the moon some day.
3. I wish I ten years younger.
A. am
B. were
C. will be
D. had been
虚拟语气在would rather后的宾语从句中的使用
To be frank, I would rather you attended the medical conference to be held next Sunday.
I would rather you had told me the information a few days earlier, but you didn’t. 【归纳】
1.翻译：我宁愿现在下雪。
I would rather it snowed now.
2.翻译：我宁愿上周周末呆在家里。
I would rather I had stayed at home last weekend.
VI. Summary
一.should+动词原形
A.suggest 等引导的名词性从句
B. It is +adj./n.+that 从句
1.注意suggest/insist的词义
2.动词原形包括主/被动式
二.从句用过去时
It’s（high/about) time that sb did sth
三.根据所表示的事实的时间来判断
A. I would rather 从句
B. I wish/if only
C. as if 从句
D. if 条件句
a.
b. 与过去事实相反的假设
c.
E
F; 省if倒装/错综条件句/用but for/without
等词替代
VII. Homework: 短文翻译
英语是一门全世界广泛应用的语言。
我们掌握好英语是很有必要的。
我希望英语能学得象母语一样好。
但这看起来似乎是不可能的。
你知道吗？我本来可以学好英语的。
因为有人曾建议我每天背单词，背范文(possible version)，重视语法等等。
但现在是我后悔的时候了。
我想我要是当初听了这些建议的话，现在我的英语一定是很不错了。
要是没有英语该多好啊！如果没有英语，每天我会更快乐！Possible version:
English is widely used in the world. It is necessary that senior students master it well. I wish English would be learnt as well as our mother tongue. But it looks as if it isn’t possible. Do you know? I could h ave learnt English well. Because it was suggested that I recite words and possible versions, pay more attention to grammar and so on. But now it’s time that I regretted it. I think if I had followed these suggestions, my English would be very wonderful now. If only there were no English! Without English I would be happier every day!。