人教版高一英语必修一Unit_4_grammar

定语从句 定义
修饰名词或代词的从句。
先行词 被定语从句修饰的词。
关系词 1. 连接作用 2.指代先行词 3. 在从句中充当成分
关系代词： who/ whom (人）
关系词
which
（物）
that/whose （人/ 物）
关系副词: where/ when /why
判断关系词在定语从句中的成分：
Which baby is Jack?
Jack
穿红裤子的baby是Jack。 The baby whose trousers are red is Jack. the trousers of whom are red whose =the + n. + of which
1 I know the house . 2 The house’s window faces south.
√
√
√
We talk about Just now Xiao Shenyang is the man whom we talked ______________ about just now ______________.
指人 whose
指物
subject object ( attribute (主语) 宾语) （定语）
判断原则：能表达成—宾语 是…/做…
e.g. We made him the monitor. O OC S V
• 1.Plants need water. S+V+O ( 主 + 谓+ 宾 ) • 2.The flower is so nice. S +V +P (主 + 系 + 表) • 3.The sun rises in the east. S +V (主 + 谓 ) • 4.He gives me some books. S +V +In O + DO (主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 间宾) • 5.We should keep the room clean. S+V +O +OC (主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补)
指人 that
指物 在从句中 在从句中 在从句中 (主语) (宾语) （表语）
Hale Waihona Puke √√Rose
√
√
√
Jack
______ ________met that / who Rose and Jack are the lovers on the ship.
the lovers / met on the ship
summary
定语从句关系代词：
在从句中作宾语时常 When can they be left out？ 常可省略关系词。 指人 指物 subject object ( attribute (主语) 宾语) （定语） that
√
√
√
√
√ √
√
√
which who whom whose
√ √ √ √
Translate the following sentences
• There is a beautiful girl whose name is XiaoFang. 有一个美丽的小女孩，她的名字叫做小芳。
• You’d better learn from Chen, who keeps fighting no matter how many times he loses. 你要学学那个屡败屡战的陈小春。
e.g. His words works. S V
基本句型 二
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思， 必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构 成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做(连)系动词。 系动词可分四类： 1）be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的 作用,后可接动词外的任何词； 2）感官动词类 look, feel, smell, taste, sound等 3）表示变化：get, grow, become, turn, go等 4）表示状态延续：stay, keep, remain, stand等
Unit 4
The Attributive Clause I
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组
成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子
的成分，包括：主语、 谓语、表语、
宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
句子可以由主语，谓语动词，表语，宾语，定语，状 语，直接和间接宾语，宾语补足语组成归纳成五种基 本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 基本句型一：Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓）
The Attributive clause 1 定语从句
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的 从句叫做定语从句。
She is the girl who can speak English very well.
引导词 先行词
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.
4.Several days later most of the buildings which/that _____ had been damaged were repaired.
如何选定先行词？ 一、看先行词是人还是物 人 Who whom whose that 物 which that whose 时间，地点，原因 when where why 二、看关系词在从句中充当的成分 从句缺 主，宾，表，定 用关系代词 从句缺状语 用关系副词
1 Kevin is reading a book. 2 The book is too difficult for him. Kevin is reading a book which/that is too difficult for him. 1 I have a friend. 2 He likes listening to classical music. I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music.
Unit 4
The Attributive Clause I
带定语从句的谚语： 1.He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。 2.God helps those people who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 3. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
who
指人
指物
在从句中 在从句中 在从句中 主语 宾语 表语
who
√
√
√
√
ran fastest who ran fastest The man _________________ is Liuxiang.
who ran fastest Liuxiang is the man ________________.
I know the house whose window faces south. the window of which faces south.
Exercise
1.Here are my neighbors_____ whose home was destroyed by the earthquake. 2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people_______ who/that were asleep. 3.The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything that/ _____ they could find.
先行词 关系词
后 ， 放置于名词之_____ 修饰名词的从句 1. 连接作用 2.指代先行词 3. 在从句中充当成分
关系代词： who/ whom (人）
关系词
which
（物）
that/whose （人/ 物）
关系副词: where/ when /why
合并下列句子。
1 The woman is a teacher. 2 The woman lives next door. The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 1 The nurse is kind. 2 The nurse looks after my sister. The nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.
基本句型二：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ
基本句型三：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ
（主＋谓/系＋表）
（主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四: Ｓ +Ｖ +InO +DＯ(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五: Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +OＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型 一
Ｓ(subject) +V(verb)（主＋谓） 特点:句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以 跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
基本句型 三
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）
特点：谓语动词都是实义动词，但不能表 达完整的意思，必须跟宾语，即动 作的承受者，才能使意思完整。 这类动词叫做及物动词。
e.g. We like the movie. S V o