lesson 3 The use of force
the use of force 的艺术特色
the use of force 的艺术特色《The Use of Force》（武力的应用）是一篇由威廉·卡尔洛斯·威廉斯（William Carlos Williams）创作的短篇小说，首次发表于1938年。
本文描述了一位医生在执行诊疗任务时，遭遇困难而不得不使用武力，以达到诊断与治疗的目的。
本文的艺术特色包括精细的人物刻画、紧凑的情节结构以及悖论的冲突。
首先，本文以医生和小女孩之间的角力为主要情节，通过对两个角色的深入刻画，展现了复杂且紧张的心理世界。
医生作为一位威望的医生，渴望帮助患者，但他也被小女孩的抵抗所激怒。
他在内心中产生了对小女孩的愤怒和冷酷的情绪。
与此同时，小女孩也展示出了坚强、顽强的一面。
她不屈服于医生的威胁和恐吓，而是坚持自己的想法。
两个角色之间的心理斗争展示了人性的复杂性和内心世界的纷扰。
其次，作者通过紧凑的情节结构，将读者带入紧张的场景，使其感受到武力行为所带来的紧迫感。
故事发生在医生家中的一间小房间里，这个狭小的空间不仅加剧了医生和小女孩之间的对抗，也凸显出冲突的紧张感。
小女孩抵抗医生的尝试，医生则不断升级武力，最终使得小女孩咳嗽出了她认为可能患有白喉的痰。
情节的紧凑与紧张，使读者在阅读过程中深刻体验到了医生与小女孩之间应对的紧迫感。
最后，本文中存在着悖论的冲突，体现了人性与道义、病痛与健康等问题之间的矛盾。
医生在使用武力的过程中，出于治疗患者的目的，但也可能伤害患者的身体与心灵。
医生在与小女孩的搏斗中，使用了各种手段，甚至动机稍有问题；而小女孩则因为医生的武力行动帮助了她，却也感到被侵犯和伤害。
这样的冲突体现了人性的复杂性，以及道义和实际行动之间的矛盾。
总之，《The Use of Force》通过精细的人物刻画、紧凑的情节结构以及悖论的冲突，展示了复杂而真实的人性世界。
小说揭示了人与人之间的斗争，以及道义与现实之间的冲突，引发读者对于医疗行业、伦理道德以及人与人之间关系的深思。
The use of force
The use of force大意: Mathilda had been ill for three days. Her mother had given her some medicine, but it didn’t do any good. So they had to ask the doctor to come. There had been a number of cases of diphtheria in Mathilda School and two of them had been dead. When the doctor arrived at Olson’s home, he wanted to examine Mathilda throat first. But no matter how he coaxed, She wouldn’t open her mouth. So the doctor had to get the tongue depressor into her mouth. But Mathilda reduced it to splinters. In orde r to protect Mathilda herself and other children, the doctor had to make sure whether she had diphtheria or not, so that he could treat her in time. Letting Mathilda‘s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found she really had diphtheria. This story made us can think such a question that something in life can’t only depend on self-willingness. Under some circumstances, certain force seems necessary.对医生的评价:After the doctor arrived at the girl’s home, he wanted to see her throat. As there had been a number of cases of diphtheria in the school to which the girl went during that month, the doctor also thought that of the girl. So he smiled to the girl and asked her to open her mouth and let him have a look at her throat. No matter how the doctor coaxed, the girl shut her mouth firmly.Thinking that the girl might have diphtheria and possibly die of it, the doctor decided to use force to open her mouth. He had seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in such cases. He felt that he must get a diagnosis now. So he grasped the girl’s head with his left hand and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth. But when the doctor got the wooden spatula behind her last teeth. She gripped the blade between her molars and reduced it to splinters. In the final unreasoning assault the doctor outer powered the girl. He forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged. Her both tonsils were covered with membrane.From that the doctor had done, I thought he was a responsible person. In order to save the lives of the patients, especially those children who did not know how to co-operate with the doctor, he had to take some measure. Otherwise a good or suitable time of treatment would be missed. The doctor appears to be compassionate and keen to human behavior, characteristic of a good doctor, though he is also undeniably blunt and slightly prejudiced.思想: Though there are reasons often justifiable, what compels the use of force against others isn't simply altruism alone. The overall theme of the story revolves around power and submission and the doctor's unnerved feeling following the forceful encounter.作者如何写的: The story is narrated in first person by a doctor, who is answering a house visit to see a sick girl. Williams uses interior monologue as a"stream-of-consciousness" tool reflects the narrator's experience of dialogue and gives insight into the character and his appraisal of the situations he encounters. The story is written without the use of quotation marks, and the dialogue is not distinguished from the narrator's comments. The story is rendered from the subjective point of view of the doctor, and explores his subdued enjoyment of forcefully subduing the stubborn child in an attempt to acquire the throat sample.。
the use of force
Language features
自由直接引语 指可在不用引号或不用引述动词的情况下，直接把要讲的 话或心理活动表达出来。时态则采取当时当地讲话时的时 态，句子形式也保持原形式不变。 自由间接引语不用引述动词，不用引号，但其意义与间接 引自由直接引语在形式上相对自由，它摆脱了引号的束缚， 有时甚至连提示人物思想的引述句也省略了。它呈现在读 者面前的是角色的思想内容，而非由作者用自己的话转述 或总结概括出来的思想，是完全不受作者控制的话语表达 方式语基本相同
The Use of Force
4 The child was fairly eating me up with her cold, steady eyes, and no expression to her face whatever. She did not move and seemed, inwardly, quiet; an unusually attractive little thing, and as strong as a heifer in appearance. But her face was flushed, she was breathing rapidly, and I realized that she had a high fever. She had magnificent blonde hair, in profusion. One of those picture children often reproduced in advertising leaflets and the photogravure sections of the Sunday papers. 5 She's had a fever for three days, began the father and we don't know what it comes from. My wife has given her things, you know, like people do, but it don't do no good. And there's been a lot of sickness around. So we tho't you'd better look her over and tell us what is the matter.
lesson 3 The use of force
profusion
If there is a profusion of something or if it occurs in profusion, there is a very large quantity or variety of it. Hundreds of flowers are blooming in profusion. 百花怒放。 A profusion of leaves bursts out on trees in the springtime. 春天许许多多的叶子从树上冒出来.
威廉· 卡洛斯· 威廉斯出生于美国新泽西州鲁瑟 福德城的一个商人的家庭。在他少年时期随同 母亲和哥哥去往欧洲生活。1902年考入宾夕法 尼亚大学，结识了埃兹拉.庞德和希尔达.杜利 特尔，这段友谊给了他的诗歌创作的激情。从 宾夕法尼亚大学毕业后取得医学学位。又去德 国莱比锡大学进修。他的一生主要是行医，直 到50年代才退休。
As doctors often do I took a trial shot at it as a point of departure. Has she had a sore throat? Both parents answered me together, No . . . No, she says her throat don't hurt her. Does your throat hurt you? added the mother to the child. But the little girl's expression didn't change nor did she move her eyes from my face. Have you looked? I tried to, said the mother, but I couldn't see.
新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记
新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记第一课：A Puma at Large翻译：大自由行的美洲狮学习笔记：这篇文章讲述了一个关于美洲狮逃跑的故事。
故事中，一只美洲狮从克鲁格国家公园逃出，引起了人们的恐慌。
然而，野生动物专家迅速采取行动，成功地将它捕获并带回了公园。
这个故事告诉我们人类与野生动物之间的关系，以及保护野生动物的重要性。
第二课：Are you a good traveller?翻译：你是一个好旅行者吗？学习笔记：这篇文章是一篇讨论旅行者特质的文章。
它提示我们成为好旅行者的关键特征，包括尊重当地文化和环境，保持积极的态度，以及对他人友好和乐于助人。
通过这篇文章，我们可以学习到如何成为一个更好的旅行者，并更好地享受旅行的乐趣。
第三课：The Last Leaf翻译：最后一片叶子学习笔记：这篇文章讲述了一个关于友谊和生命的故事。
故事中，一个艺术家生病了，她相信一旦附近的一棵树失去了最后一片叶子，她就会死去。
然而，她的朋友精心绘制了一片假叶子并将其悄悄地贴在了树上，使她相信自己已经康复。
这个故事强调了友谊的力量以及积极的心态对生活的重要性。
第四课：Saved by a Dolphin翻译：海豚的救助学习笔记：这篇文章讲述了一个冒险者在海上遇险后被海豚所救的故事。
故事中，当冒险者摔入水中时，一只海豚出现并让他抓住它的背鳍，将他带回了岸边。
这个故事告诉我们海豚是聪明而善良的动物，并且可以帮助人类。
它还强调了保护海洋生态系统的重要性。
第五课：An Unknown Goddess翻译：一个未知的女神学习笔记：这篇文章讲述了一个在海滩上发现雕像的故事。
主人公发现了一个美丽的女神雕像，并将其带回了家。
然而，当他向博物馆展示时，他们告诉他这是一个罕见而珍贵的古代艺术品。
这个故事强调了珍贵文化遗产的保护和对艺术的欣赏。
第六课：An invitation翻译：一封邀请函学习笔记：这篇文章是一篇关于社交活动的邀请函。
它描述了一个朋友邀请作者参加一个晚宴的情况。
the use of force人物解读
the use of force人物解读"The Use of Force" is a short story written by American author William Carlos Williams. It follows the perspective of a doctor who struggles to gain the cooperation of a young girl during a medical examination. Through this examination, the doctor's character is revealed, offering insight into his motivations, attitudes, and the ethics of using force in certain situations.The central character in "The Use of Force" is the doctor, who remains unnamed. He is depicted as a determined and professional physician who is genuinely concerned about his young patient's health. However, as the story progresses, it becomes apparent that the doctor's motivations extend beyond providing medical care.The doctor's character analysis reveals a complex and conflicting personality. On one hand, he is dedicated to his profession, passionate about bringing relief and healing to his patients. On the other hand, he displays signs of frustration and aggression when dealing with the uncooperative girl. This indicates a potential power struggle within him, as his desire to help clashes with his need to assert control.While the use of force is justified in certain medical situations, the doctor's approach raises ethical questions. His determination to examine the girl's throat, even against her will, raises concerns about patient autonomy and consent. This conflict between providing necessary medical care and respecting personal boundaries highlights the fine line that healthcare professionals often walk.In summary, "The Use of Force" provides a character study of a doctor struggling with the use of force in a medical setting. Through his actions and demeanor, the doctor's motivations and ethics are revealed. The story raises important questions about the balance between providing healthcare and respecting personal autonomy.。
高级英语-张中载-B1-L03 The Use of Force
红色手推车
那么多东西 依靠
一辆红色 手推车
晶莹闪亮于 雨水中
旁边有几只 白鸡
Lesson Three
That is Just to Say
I have eaten the plums that were in the icebox
and which you were probably saving for breakfast
In addition to his writing, Williams had a long career as a physician practicing both pediatrics and general medicine. He was affiliated with what was then known as Passaic General Hospital in Passaic, New Jersey, where he served as the hospital's chief of pediatrics from 1924 until his death.
LLeesssoonnTOhnreee
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
profusion n.丰富，充沛; 慷慨 profuse a.丰富的；很多的；慷慨的
Olive groves, grapes, and citrus fruits grow in profusion. 橄榄、葡萄和柑橘类水果产量 丰富。
Lesson Three
Advanced English 高级英语
主讲：李世存 2019-2020-1
Lesson Three
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
现代大学英语精读3第二单元知识点归纳
Unit 2I.W ord Studybitter: adj. 1) not sweet, tasting like beer eg: Good medicine tastes bitter. 2) hard to bear; causing sorrow eg:That failure was a bitter experience for him.3) filled with or showing envy, hatred, remorse or disappointment eg: bitter quarrels/words/enemies/tears 4) piercing cold eg: a bitter win (Antonyms: grateful thankful) fight to the bitter end 战斗到底take the bitter with the sweet接受顺境也接受逆境broke:adj. without any money eg: He went broke. Synonyms: penniless impoverished bankruptbroken a broken home破裂的家庭 a broken promise背弃的诺言a broken spirit消沉的意志broken English蹩脚的英语cover: (coverage uncover) v. 1) to place or hide sth. over in order to hide or protect eg: He had to cover his ears when the noise became really unbearable.2) to have… in size eg: This national park covers roughly 400 square miles of beautiful land.3) to travel a certain distance eg: By sunset they had covered 30 miles.4) to include eg: The 700-dollar rent does not cover water, electricity and telephone service. 5) to protect sb. by aiming a gun at the enemy eg: He began to move towards the house carefully, and Bob covered him. 6) (of money) to be enough for eg: $1,000 will cover his needs for the journey.credit: n. (adj. creditable) 1) delayed payment 赊账；信贷He bought this car on credit. eg: The bank refused further credits to the company. 2) praise 光荣；功劳eg: We must give her credit for our discovery.I think that he deserves all the credit for lifting the villagers out of poverty. 3) sth. that can bring honor or pride to sb. eg: These Olympic gold medalists are no doubt a great credit to our country.4) recognition for a successfully completed course at the university eg: The professor decided to give him full credit for the exam. 5) money shown as owned by a person, company in a bank account eg: You have a credit balance of $500. 6) belief; trust; confidence eg: The rumor is gaining credit.Drip v. to fall or let sth. fall in very small drops n. the drop-by-drop falling of a liquideg:The tap is dripping. His paintbrush is dripping. It’s so hot that he’s dripping with sweat.There was no noise except for the drip, drip, drip of water.druggist: n. sb. who is trained to prepare drugs and medicines and works in a shop (chemist; pharmacist)take/use drugs 吸毒drug abuse 滥用毒品drug addiction/addict 毒品上瘾/上瘾者drug dealer 毒品贩子miracle drug 有奇效的药物drugstore 药店；杂货店glimpse: v. to see sb or sth. for a moment without getting a complete view of them (synonym :glance)eg. I glimpsed her face in the crowd, but then she was gone.n. get/catch a glimpse of /a glimpse of what life might be like in the futureharness n. a piece of equipment for controlling a horse worn over the horse’s head and shouldersv. to control and use the natural force of sth.Intimate (intimately adv. intimacy n.) adj. 1) having an extremely close relationship eg. They are intimate friends. She’s on intimate terms with important people in the government. 2) private and personal eg. tell afriend the intimate details of one’s life3) resulting from close study or great familiarity eg. an intimate knowledge of Greek philosophy (Antonyms: distant formal remote)lick: v. 1) to pass the tongue over or under eg. The cat was licking its paws. 2) (esp. of flames, waves) to touch lightly eg. He dashed into the house to save the child despite the licking flames.他不顾四下乱窜的火舌，冲进屋里抢救那个孩子。
现代大学英语精读笫三册lesson3
Apart from them, with his supper in a cloth on his knees, sat the coachman.
Past or outside the limits, reach为…所不能 Uncle Tom（山姆大叔） – a Negro who compromises and conforms with the Whites
It's quite beyond me why she married such a It's quite beyond me why she married such a heavy smoker.
It's quite beyond me why she married such a heavy smoker. John Wayne（约翰·韦恩） – a modern figure of a tough guy（粗犷型男子汉形象），actor in westerns, and Oscar best actor 1969
theuseofforce写作背景
theuseofforce写作背景
摘要：
1.引言：介绍写作背景
2.背景概述：解释"the use of force"的含义
3.写作目的：说明本文的目标
4.写作思路：介绍文章的结构和内容
5.结论：总结全文
正文：
在当今世界，武力作为一种解决问题的手段，时常出现在我们的生活中。
无论是国家间的冲突，还是个人之间的纷争，都可能涉及到武力的使用。
因此，了解武力的使用及其背景显得尤为重要。
这就是本文将要探讨的主题：“the use of force”的写作背景。
首先，我们需要明确“the use of force”的含义。
它不仅仅包括物理上的武力，如战争、暴力等，还包括经济、文化等方面的压力。
这种力量的使用，往往会对社会产生深远的影响。
那么，为何要讨论这个主题呢？这是因为，武力的使用不仅能够改变世界的格局，还能够影响到每一个人的生活。
了解武力的使用，能够让我们更好地理解世界，更好地保护自己。
因此，本文的目标就是深入探讨武力的使用，以及其背后的各种因素。
我们将从历史、政治、经济等多个角度，分析武力如何影响我们的生活，以及我们如何应对这种影响。
在接下来的文章中，我们将首先回顾历史，看看武力在过去是如何被使用
的。
然后，我们将探讨武力在现代世界中的使用，特别是它在政治和经济领域的应用。
最后，我们将讨论如何应对武力的使用，以便更好地保护自己和我们所关心的人。
总的来说，了解武力的使用及其背景，是我们理解世界、保护自己的重要途径。
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威廉·卡洛斯·威廉斯出生于美国新泽西州鲁 瑟福德城的一个商人的家庭。在他少年时期随 同母亲和哥哥去往欧洲生活。1902年考入宾夕 法尼亚大学，结识了埃兹拉.庞德和希尔达.杜 利特尔，这段友谊给了他的诗歌创作的激情。 从宾夕法尼亚大学毕业后取得医学学位。又去 德国莱比锡大学进修。他的一生主要是行医， 直到50年代才退休。
Have you looked?
I tried to, said the mother, but I couldn't see.
departure
departure is the act of going away from somewhere to another place
动身 starting The approximate date of his departure is
被称为美国后现代主义诗歌的鼻祖。
William Carlos Williams (September 17, 1883 – March 4, 1963) was an American poet closely associated with modernism and imagism. Williams is often counted as being among a group of four major American poets who were all born in a twelve-year period that began in 1874. The group also consists of Robert Frost, who was born in 1874; Wallace Stevens, who was born in 1879; and Hilda "H.D." Doolittle, who was born in 1886. Of these four, Williams died last, several weeks after Frost. (Stevens was first to die, in 1955, while H.D. lived until 1961).
As doctors often do I took a trial shot at it as a point of departure. Has she had a sore throat?
Both parents answered me together, No . . . No, she says her throat don't hurt her. Does your throat hurt you? added the mother to the child. But the little girl's expression didn't change nor did she move her eyes from my face.
百花怒放。 A profusion of leaves bursts out on
trees in the springtime.d a fever for three days, began the father and we don't know what it comes from. My wife has given her things, you know, like people do, but it don't do no good. And there's been a lot of sickness around. So we tho't you'd better look her over and tell us what is the matter.
inwardly
with respect to private feelings (思想、感情) 内在的,内心的
我暗地替他担心。 I was inwardly worried about him.
弟兄们表面上很友好，骨子里却很疏远。 The brothers were outwardly friendly;inwardly
it.
The child was fairly eating me up with her cold, steady eyes, and no expression to her face whatever. She did not move and seemed, inwardly, quiet; an unusually attractive little thing, and as strong as a heifer in appearance. But her face was flushed, she was breathing rapidly, and I realized that she had a high fever. She had magnificent blonde hair, in profusion. One of those picture children often reproduced in advertising leaflets and the photogravure sections of the Sunday papers.
TEXT
They were new patients to me, all I had was the name, Olson. Please come down as soon as you can, my daughter is very sick.
When I arrived I was met by the mother, a big startled looking woman, very clean and apologetic who merely said, Is this the doctor? and let me in. In the back, she added. You must excuse us, doctor, we have her in the kitchen where it is warm. It is very damp here sometimes.
操心；费力；麻烦 (1)do not bother to do something 懒得做。。。/ 不愿
（不用）费力做。。。 你不用费心回复邮件了，我直接给他打电话。 Don't bother to reply to the email. I will just call
him. (2)麻烦某人做... bother sb with sth. 现在先不要麻烦他,我觉得我能处理这件事。 Don't bother him with it now. I think I can handle
业余从事诗歌创作，也写小说和评论文章。 威廉斯 在文学创作上曾受大学时期的好友埃兹拉· 庞德和 其他意象派作家的影响，同时继承了惠特曼的浪漫主 义传统，并在诗歌形式方面进行了实验，发展了自由 诗体。他反对感伤主义的维多利亚诗风，坚持“美国 本色”，力求用美国本土语言写作，很少使用普通读 者所不熟悉的词汇。1950年获全国图书奖，1952年获 博林根奖金，并被聘为国会图书馆诗歌顾问。他的主 要作品有长篇叙事诗《佩特森》(1963年全部发表）， 它以新泽西州一小城的历史和社会生活为背景，反映 美国的文化和现代人的风貌，是当代美国哲理诗的代 表作品之一。
bother
If you do not bother to do something or if you do not bother with sth., you do not do it, consider it, or use it because you think it is unnecessary or because you are too lazy.
they were far apart.
profusion
If there is a profusion of something or if it occurs in profusion, there is a very large quantity or variety of it.
Hundreds of flowers are blooming in profusion.
motion vi. /vt.
to move your hand or head as a way of telling people to do something
gesture
motion （for）sb to do sth. 她示意他把后门关上。 She motioned him to shut the back door.
In addition to his writing, Williams had a long career as a physician practicing both pediatrics and general medicine. He was affiliated with what was then known as Passaic General Hospital in Passaic, New Jersey, where he served as the hospital's chief of pediatrics from 1924 until his death. The hospital, which is now known as St. Mary's General Hospital, pays tribute to Williams with a memorial plaque that states "we walk the wards that Williams walked".[1]