英语报刊复习资料
同济大学英语报刊选读复习资料(题型+重点+缩略词+网络版重点)

期末考试题型:1.Re-organizing sentences for a news report (10%)2.Matching headlines to lead paragraphs (10%)3.True or False questions about English journalism (cf. Appendix I below) (10%)4.Reading Comprehension (3 passages with 15 multiple-choice questions) (30%)5.Abbreviations in News reports (complete forms +Chinese translation) (10%)6.News Headline Analysis (10%) (Analyzing the stylistic features of 3 news headlines)7.News comment writing (20%) (about 200 words)1.Definition of journalism, medium, news报刊(p1)、媒介(p2)、新闻(p4)的定义2.Functions of mass communication vs functions of newspaper大众传播工具(p2)与报纸(p1)的功能3.News value; public interest; principles of newsworthiness新闻价值;公众兴趣;衡量新闻价值的原则(p4)4.Classification of news新闻的分类(p6)5.Five basic elements of news新闻的五个基本要素(p6)6.Legal concerns; codes of ethics法律关系;道德规范(p7)(General knowledge is enough. No need for word by word memorization.)(一般知识就够了。
《美英报刊文章阅读》复习

《美英报刊文章阅读》复习第一题:将15个英语名词短语翻译成中文(15×1)不好说,不难,自己看书。
最好把书上的单词弄懂意思。
第二题:用英语写出5所著名大学或政府机构名字(5×2)美国大学:Yale University:耶鲁大学Harvard University:哈佛大学Princeton University:普林斯顿大学Stanford University:斯坦福大学Brown University:布朗大学University of Pennsylvania:宾夕法尼亚大Columbia University:哥伦比亚大学……美国政府机构:白宫(The White House)农业部(ministry of Agriculture)商务部(Commerce Department) 国防部(Ministry of National Defense)联邦调查局(Federal Bureau of Investigation)教育部(Ministry of Education)国防部(Department of Defense Administration) ……第三题:写出5个英语缩写的全称(5×2)FOR EXAM:UN=United Nations第四题:翻译15个报刊杂志或出版社名字成中文(15×1)美国The New York Times 《纽约时报》The Washington Post 《华盛顿邮报》Los Angeles Times 《洛杉矶时报》USA Today 《今日美国报》The Wall Street Journal .《华尔街日报》International Herald Tribune .《国际先驱论坛报》The Christian Science Monitor..《基督教科学箴言报》Time ...《时代》周刊Newsweek …《新闻周刊》U.S. News & World Report ..《美国新闻与世界报道》Reader’s Digest ..《读者文摘》Fortune .《财富》Business Week .《商业周刊》Far Eastern Economic Review .《远东经济评论》英国The Times . 《泰晤士报》Financial Times 《金融时报》The Guardian 《卫报》The Daily Telegraphy .《每日电讯报》The Independent .《独立报》The Economist 《经济学家》The Spectator 《旁观者》New Statesman 《新政治家》The Associated Press (AP):美国联合通讯社Reuters:英国路透社United Press International(UPI):美国合众国际社第五题:回答与课文相关的5个问题(5×3)答案见下页。
英语报刊选读复习资料

读书之法,在循序而渐进,熟读而精思熟读而精思I. 所学习过文章中的词汇:1.post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)2.missing in action (MIA)3.junta4.intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)5.weapons of mass destruction (WMD)6.an unidentified intelligence source7.surface-to-air missiles8.WHO (the World Health Organisation)9.ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union)10.Human Rights Watch (HRW)11.preventive detention12.al-Qaeda tranining camps13.MP14.the shadow cabinet15.the House of Commons16.the deputy leader of the Labour party17. a senior Conservative/Labour backbencher18.Christie’st HennessyMoët Hennessy19.Moë20.tycoon21.chaebol22.municipal wastendfill24.International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources(IUCN)25.the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)26.GPS27.the needy28.the have-nots29.the China Charity Federation30.the UN World Food Programme31.tax relief, tax breaks Got TalentBritain’s Got Talent32.Britain’33.the Brandenburg Gate34.MEPII. Appendixes p.317-318报刊名称(略)III. News agenciesAP, UPI, Reuters,AFP and other agencies (P. 316)IV. 外来词和委婉语p. 286-291chauvinismdebutde factoembargopaparazzo读书之法,在循序而渐进,熟读而精思熟读而精思per capitade luxethe needythe have-notsthe well-preserved menpreemptive actionwelfare motherV. 表示消息来源的词语p. 252-253authoritative sourcesdiplomatic sourcesan unidentified sourceaccording to an anonymous sourceVI. 时新词 p. 184-185brain draincrunchtechnicallyinfotainmentironicallylooking-glassmom-and-poppink slipshowcasevidiotVII. 缩写词 p.128-129WWFEUGMGOPGPSIAEANASANYSEPOWVIII. 标题语法特征(p.97-100)略IX. 段落翻译:所讲授文章的部分段落和翻译练习中的三段,如以下段落。
英语报刊选读复习要点

课程:英语报刊选读复习要点(最新版)熟悉下列英语报刊高频率词汇的含义In Mediaback issue, bulletin, canned copy, censorship, checkbook journalism, cold news, development stories, dope story, exclusive, breaking news, catchpenny, brief, broad sheet paper, caption, cover story, editor’s not es (Eds) ,flash, follow-up story, newscast, publicity, puff pieces, personal profile, round-up/wrap-up, running stories, social event features, spot news, wire service/news agency, update, deep throatIn Politicsriot police, the Bush administration, Saddam regime, rogue state, Axis of evil, Donkey, Elephant, Al-Qaeda, cold war mentality, empty-nest syndrome, Femlib, low profile, news blackout, sexism, upper, dove, hawk, police state, pocket vetoIn Metro Life dust storm/ sand storm, public hazard, fat farm, visual pollution, midriff, bug, edp crimes, domestic violence, occupational disease, makeover nation, Internet hookups, gay marriage, B-schoolIn Military Affairsbeam weapons, blanket bombing, MIA (missing in action), POW, war games, non-proliferation drive, bloodless coup, scud missile, military coup, military presence, stealth bomber, honey trap, weapon of mass destruction, coalition forces, checkbook participation, talkman, stealth fighters, decapitationIn Medicineeuthanasia或mercy killing/painless death, industrial disease, liposuction, vanity surgery, hypertensionIn Business and EconomyEuroland, debt chain, buy-out, equity joint venture, job-hopper, hardball, consumer price index (CPI), kickback, knockout product, scalper, cash cow, ATM (Automatic Teller Machine), Gate’s LawIn Science & Technologycanned software, cutting edge, g-force, info highway, computernik,In Film and TVbox office income/record/value, premiere /debut, trailer, show biz, animation, block-buster, paparazzo , rating , sitcom , soundtrack , extra Proper NounsWhite House, Capitol Hill, Buckingham, Downing Street No.10, Fleet Street, Pentagon, Wall Street, Broadway, Elysee, Kremlin, Hollywood, Silicon ValleyGreen Berets, Blue Berets, Iron Lady, Iron Curtain, First Lady Loanwordspersona non grata, glasnost, per capita, rapport, bloc, tsunami, tycoon, status quo, De factoa wait-and–see attitude, the life-and–death issue, the hit-and-run tactics, ready-to-eat foodThe four social functions of the media: surveillance, interpretation, transmit values, entertainment The Definition of JournalismDefinition of News and ingredients/elements of news News value/the newsworthinessPublic interest, Criteria for Newsworthiness:News value determiners²Timeliness.²Impact or Consequence or Importance²Prominence or Eminence²Proximity or closeness/ nearness²Conflict²The Unusual or the Bizarreness / Weirdness²Currency²NecessityNews ClassificationHard NewsSoft NewsFeaturescommentaries and columnspositive coveragenegative coverageneutral coveragemuckrakingThe headlineThe grammar of headlines:tenses, voices, Omission/Ellipsis, Punctuations, abbreviations各种机构、重要的国际组织名称的缩写常用缩写Important International Organizations, 要积累和熟记, E.g.CIA ( Central Intelligence Agency)FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation),PLO,OPEC, ApecIMF (International Monetary Fund), WHOATM- Automatic Teller Machine CEO-Chief Executive OfficerCFO-Chief financial OfficerCNN-Cable News Networks Copter-helicopterCTO-Chief Technology Officer CTV-Cable TVD-dayDJ-disc jockeyDJ-Dow Jones & Co.GE-General ElectricsGM-General MotorsGMS-Global Positioning SystemHKSAR-Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ICP-Internet Content ProviderIOUMart-marketMP- Member of ParliamentPM- Prime MinisterNMD-the National Missile Defense systemNYSE-New York Stock ExchangeOpec-Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries PNTR-Permanent Normal Trade RelationsPOW-prisoner of warSIM-Subscribers’ Identification ModuleV-day- Victory DayVP-Vice PresidentLead and body of a news storyA direct lead A delayed leadInverted pyramid阅读材料中的内容(Selected Readings from Mainstream Newspapers & Magazines) 包括重点词汇:International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)denuclearizationthe terrorism blacklistIOC( the International Olympic Committee)human rights abusesAI (Amnesty International)BOCAG (Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games ) International Paralympics Committee (IPC)The Federal Reservehigh net worth individualsthe Guinness World Recordthe National Intelligence Councilthe National Counterintelligence ExecutiveIPCC (the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) EU (the European Union)Met Office (the Meteorological Office)the Royal Geographical SocietyGreenpeacethe World Health OrganisationNGO (non-governmental organizations)civil societyGongoshardline policyNASCAR (National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing)Unifem (United Nations Development Fund for Women)GOPWFP (the UN World Food Program)Article 43 (page 85) Paragraphs 1 & 2cyber-censorshipAttribution:消息来源official sourcesa US State Department sourcewell-informed sourcepolice sourcesthe highest quartersthe quarters concerneddiplomatic quartersmilitary expertsdiplomatic observeran unidentified sourcea source who wants to remain anonymous a source speaking on condition of anonymity。
英美报刊选读复习资料

英美报刊选读复习资料英美报刊选读复习资料近年来,随着全球化的发展,我们对英美文化和社会的了解变得越来越重要。
而英美报刊则是我们了解这些国家最直接的途径之一。
本文将为大家提供一些英美报刊选读的复习资料,帮助大家更好地了解英美社会、文化和时事。
一、经济与商业1.《经济学人》(The Economist):该杂志是一本知名的英国周刊,以其深度的经济分析和评论而闻名。
它涵盖了全球范围内的经济、商业、科技和政治等领域的新闻,对于了解全球经济形势和趋势非常有帮助。
2.《财富》(Fortune):这是一本美国的商业杂志,主要关注商业领域的最新动态、企业管理和市场趋势。
它还定期发布世界500强企业排行榜,是了解全球商业领域的重要参考资料。
二、文化与艺术1.《时尚》(Vogue):这是一本享誉全球的时尚杂志,源自美国,涵盖了时尚、美容、艺术和文化等领域的内容。
它不仅展示了最新的时尚趋势和设计师作品,还深入报道了一些有关时尚产业和文化的重要事件。
2.《纽约客》(The New Yorker):这是一本美国的综合性周刊,涵盖了文学、艺术、政治和社会等方面的内容。
它以其深度的报道和评论而著名,为读者提供了一个了解美国文化和社会的窗口。
三、科技与创新1.《连线》(Wired):这是一本美国科技杂志,关注科技、创新和数字文化等领域的最新动态。
它报道了一些前沿科技的发展和应用,对于了解科技趋势和创新思维非常有帮助。
2.《科学美国人》(Scientific American):这是一本美国科学杂志,致力于向读者普及科学知识和最新的科学研究成果。
它涵盖了各个科学领域,从物理学到生物学,从天文学到心理学,为读者提供了一个了解科学前沿的平台。
四、社会与时事1.《纽约时报》(The New York Times):这是一家美国的全国性报纸,以其深度报道和评论而闻名。
它涵盖了政治、经济、社会和文化等方面的新闻,对于了解美国社会和时事非常重要。
英语报刊知识

• 2) Rhyme • e.g. • Who’s near to Clinton’s ear? • An eye high in sky • 3) Metaphor • e.g. • Carlo Ponti in hot water again • 4) Pun • e.g. • The Sun sets for last time
• II. Types of newspapபைடு நூலகம்r headlines
• • • • • • • 1. Straight headlines e.g. China seeks closer ties with Europe 2. Headlines that ask a question e.g. Police allowed jailbreak? Woman had six at one birth?
• 3. Headlines that contain a quotation • e.g. • Deng: Dare to experiment • 4. Feature headlines • e.g. • Life is mountains, yaks, wine
III. Forms of newspaper headlines
• 6. Inverted pyramid form • e.g. • Birth control plans • for world • urged • (倒金字塔式)
• 7. Banner head (streamer) • a big headline which runs across the printed page • (旗帜式) • 8. Jump head • Another headline should be added when the article can’t be finished on one page. • (转页式)
英语报刊阅读复习
英语报刊阅读复习英语报刊阅读复习一、重点单词:1、常用单词:aid=assist; helpalter=change or modifyask=inquireban=prohibit or forbidblast=explodebegin=commenceboost=increasecheck=examineclaim=cause the death of ...clash=disagree stronglycurb=control or restrictdip=decline or decreaseease=lessenend=terminateflay=criticizeflout=insultfoil=prevent fromgrill=investigategut=destroyhead=directhold=arrestaccord=agreement(协议)aid=assistance(帮助)aim=purpose(目的)arms= weapons (武器)blast=explosion(爆炸)body=committee, commission(委员会)clash=controversy; dispute(冲突)crash=collision(碰撞,坠毁)deal=agreement, transaction(协议,交易)envoy=ambassador(大使)fake=counterfeit(赝品,骗局)fete=celebration(庆祝(活动))feud=strong dispute(严重分歧)flop=failure(失败)freeze=stabilization((物价、工资等)冻结)gems=jewels (珠宝;首饰)nod=approval(许可,批准)pact=agreement, treaty(条约,协议)poll=election, public opinion poll(投票选举,民意测验)?probe=investigation(调查)pullout=withdrawal(撤退,撤离)rift=separation(隔离,分离)set=ready(准备)step=progress(进程,进步)strife=conflict(冲突,矛盾)talk=negotiation(谈判)ties=(diplomatic) relations((外交)关系)2、常见事物名称:Aids(艾滋病)获得性免疫功能丧失综合症(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ?UFO=Unidentified Flying Object DJI=Dow-Jones IndexCPI=Consumer Price IndexPR=Public RelationsSALT=Strategic Arms Limitation Talks(限制战略武器会谈)SDI=Strategic Defense Initiative(战略防御措施)GMT=Greenwich Mean TimeJV=Joint VentureIPR=Intellectual Property Rights3、职业、职务或职称的简称,如MP(议员)PM=Prime Minister(总理;首相)FM= Foreign Minister 外长; Finance Minister 财长DM= Defense Minister 国防部长GM=General Manager总经理CEO= Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官CFO= Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官CMO= Chief Market Officer 首席市场总监CTO= Chief Technology Office首席技术官COO= Chief Operating Officer 首席运营官VIP=Very Important Person贵宾;要人TP=Traffic Policeman交通警察PA=Personal Assistant私人助理pro=professional专业的,职业的rep=representative 代表Russ=Russia 俄罗斯sec=secretary秘书tech=technology技术4、特殊结构单词:1) 截头留尾:chute=parachute降落伞copter= helicopter 直升机Quake= earthquake 地震2)截取首尾,保留中间flu=influenza流感frige= refrigerator 冰箱Tec = detective 侦探Vic = convict 罪犯or victory胜利3)截去中间,保留首尾c…tee=committee委员会C…wealth=Commonwealth英联邦com…l=commercial(商业的,广告)gov?t= government 政府motel= motor hotel 汽车旅馆nat…l=national全国的telecast=television broadcast 电视广播4)不规则裁剪词Aussie=Australian澳大利亚人telly=television(电视机)Brunch=breakfast + lunch 早中餐ecopolitics=economic politics 政治经济N-test= Nuclear test 核试验pix=pictures(电影)L. America=Latin America 拉丁美洲N. Ireland=North Ireland 北爱尔兰S.Africa= South Africa 南非二、知识点1、Supreme Court of the United States---------------美国最高法院District Court-----------------------------------------------地方法院Claims Court-----------------------------------------------索赔法院Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit----------联邦巡回上诉法院Court of International Trade---------------------------国际贸易法院Territorial Courts------------------------------------------属地法院Court of Military Appeals-------------------------------军事上诉法院Court of Veterans Appeals-----------------------------退伍军人上诉法院Administrative Office of the Courts-----------------法院行政管理局Federal Judicial Center----------------------------------联邦司法中心2、Elephant----The Republican PartyMost members are conservatives.Donkey------The Democratic PartyMost members are liberals.3、奥巴马是美国第56届、第44任和第43位总统关于“届”“任”“位”美国宪法规定,总统选举4年一次,总统任满4年为一届。
英语报刊选读复习
一、Phrase TranslationUnit 11、证券交易所stock market2、回顾或反思(过去)in restropect3、为……提供基础set the stage for4、毁灭性后果devastating consequences5、信息技术的繁荣发展the information-technology boom6、不予理睬ride roughshod over sth.7、在危险中at risk8、战斗力combat effectiveness9、武装力量the armed force10、相反,反之on the contrary11、国土安全homeland security12、交战状态state of war13、无辜的受害者innocent victims14、秘密警察secret police15、大规模杀伤性武器WMD/weapons of mass destruction16、干对某人(对手)有利的事play into the hands of sb.17、先发制人的军事行动pre-emptive military action18、对……口头支持或表面赞成pay lip service to sth.19、最后的手段 a last resort20、核扩散nuclear proliferationUnit 21、世界经济论坛Word Economic Form/WEF2、网络公司狂dotcom mania3、企业的社会责任corporate social responsibility4、递延补偿deferred compensation5、非政府组织non-government organization6、更不必说not to mention7、坚定的信念article of faith8、企业的慈善事业corporate philanthropy9、善举good works10、税负见面tax relief11、案例研究case study12、双赢的特性win-win characterUnit 41、死囚区death house/death row2、死刑capital punishment/death penalty3、有线电视cable television4、商会chamber of commerce5、刑事司法criminal justice6、死刑电椅electric chair7、管教警官correctional officers8、无论好坏for good or ill9、无法想象的暴力行为unthinkable acts of violence10、监狱博物馆the Prison MuseumUnit 61.宪法对同性婚姻的禁止 a constriction/ban on gay marriage2.关于基本民德的辩论 a debate about fundamental mores3.承认各自的婚姻法recognise each other’s marriage laws4.给同性恋者一些除婚姻以外的合法权益grant gays some legal rights short of marriage5.一个一个地驳斥这些论点reject these arguments one by one6.联邦制度的实施the operation of the federal system7.保证和延迟民主的实施guarantee or extend the operation of democracy8.妇女选举权women’s suffrage9.维护社会准则defend social norms10.国会两院三分之二的多数 a two-thirds majority in both houses of congress11.公会对立法者的压力public pressure on legislators12.进行一场更大的政治赌博take a bigger political gambleUnit 91.超高频电视ultrahigh frequency/UHF television2.电子游戏video games/ electric games/ E-games3.数码摄像机digital video camera/ DCI camcorder4.漂亮/时髦手机snazzy mobile/ cell phone/ handset5.便利店convenience store6.配件生产商accessories producer7.安全系统security system8.压缩光盘compressed disc/CD9.芯片组chipset10.电池能耗battery consumption11.巨大突破 a huge quantum leap12.自动售货机vending machine二、Sentence TranslationUnit 11. The destruction of the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center made a symbolic statement that reverberated around the world, and the fact that people could watch the event on their television sets endowed it with an emotional impact that no terrorist act had ever achieved before.世贸双子塔的毁灭,是一个象征性的声明,震动全球;而人们可以在电视上观看此事件又使得它对人们造成的情感冲击超过以往任何恐怖行为。
同济大学英语报刊复习资料
同济⼤学英语报刊复习资料英语报刊复习资料1. What is news? What are some categories of news?News is information that is published in newspapers and broadcast on radio and television about recent events in the country or in a particular area of activity.In terms of style:spot news, news features, etc.In terms of nature:political, economic, sports, cultural, etc.In terms of area:international, domestic, local, etc.In terms of timeliness:hard news vs. soft news.2. What is news value? What are some basic elements ofnews value?News value refers to the importance of the facts and details in the news that satisfy the public’s interest in news.Timeliness Is it a recent development or is it old newsProximity Is the story relevant to local readers?Conflicts Is the issue developing? Has it been resolved or does anybody care?Prominence (eminence) Are noteworthy people involved?Consequence or impact What effect will the story have on readers?Human interest Does it contain unique, interesting elements? Emotions of readers:curious and dramatic,etc.3. What are the functions of the newspaper?To inform:Inform the readers of latest news, and the news must be objective , accurate and complete.To influence: The article and news on the newspaper can make a great difference on the public.To entertain: The article about entertainment on the newspaper can give the readers pleasure.To advertise: In addition to inform the information on time,which is more important ,advertisement can bring the financial income for newspaper agency.4. What are the features of a front page in a newspaper?A lead storyThe most important political, economic and/or military event, sometimes accompanied by a relevant photo.News index or briefOn the side or bottom part of the front page.The headlinesBrief but impactive (How to achieve this goal?)Often with few or even no advertisements5. What are the main features of headlines in Lexis, Grammar and Rhetoric?Lexis1 Small words and abbreviations instead of big, complete ones2 Choice of words in headlines — style and purposeGramma tical feaatures of headlines3 Omission of link verbs such as BE4 Infinitives for future events5 Phrases as headlines6 Present tense for past events7 Pre-modification 预先修正,预先变质处理8 Basic sentence types of news headlines9 Narrative headlineQuotation headlineInterrogative headlineRhetoricParody仿拟Metaphor隐喻6.How do news magazines differ from newspapers in layout and news coverage?1.The front page of a newspaper has four features:1),It has a lead story,which contain the most important political ,economic and military events,sometimes accompanied by a relevant photo.2),It contains news index or brief,which is on the side or bottom part of the front page.3),It must contain headlines that brief but impactive.4),It often with few or even no advertisements.2.The layout of a news magazine:articles in a magazine don't merely tell readers 5Ws but provide them with a perfect taste of an art of language.Many narrative delayed leads,detailed descriptions and the consequence of the events are offered in an article of magazine,accompanied by captions and photos and titles.Every issue has fixed columns.Cover story is the most important news item in a magazine.3. 1)Newspaper highlight the timeless,while magazine not. 2)Newspapermainly convey hard news,while magazine mainly focus on the human interest which are called softnews.3)Newspaper's language is not better than magazine's.7.What is news lead? What are direct lead and delayed lead?1)The first a few paragraphs which indicated the five Ws and an H(who what where when why how)of the news story.It contain two types of news leads:direct lead and delayed lead.2.A direct lead tell readers the most important aspect of the story (the five Ws)in a direct and straightforward way,and is often used in "hard news".3)A delayed lead attracts readers by hinting the content of the story.It is usually found in news features and other "soft stories"that put more emphasis on human interest rather than timeless of an event.A delayed lead usually sets a scene or evokes a mood with an incident ,anecdote,or example.8.What is the body structure of a news story? What are advantages of it?1)A news story has three types of body structures:inverted pyramid , inverted pyramid form and hourglass form.2)The inverted pyramid,which also called inverted triangle. This structure 's feature is the most important aspect of a story is higher up in the body of the story,while other information is written lower down in order of importance.3)Advantages:1.Easy for journalists to write,since the structure is clear.2.Easy for editors to modify ,since the lower parts are less important thus can be readily cut off if necessary.3.Easy for readers to grasp the main idea and decide whether to read on for time is money!9.What are the difference between tabloids and broadsheets? (at least four aspects)1)Tabloids' headlines are typed in bold print and may extend across the whole page.They are often capitalized.While broadsheets' headlines usually onlyextend over two columns,the print tends to be smaller.Front page headlines,are sometimes an exception.2)Tabloids' paragraphs are usually only a few lines long.While broadsheets' paragraphs are longer so the reader has to concentrate for longer periods of time.3)Tabloids' punctuation is used sparingly. Commas are often omitted after initial adverbials and between strings of adjectives.Inverted commas are used to mark direct speech and to highlight key words. While broadsheets' punctuation is used traditionally and more formally than in tabloids.Dashes are less frequent.4)Tabloids' modifiers are common and very few nouns stand alone.Premodification is more common than post-modification.While broadsheets' modifiers are used to provide accurate detail.Description is always precise.10.What are the main functions of mass communication for society?Functions of mass communication for society are surveillance, interpretation, transmission of values,diversion and linkage.1.surveillance:the contents are facts and data.2.interpretation:information on the ultimate meaning and significance of news events.3.transmission of values:the mass media present portrayals of our society ,and by watching,listening,and reading,we learn how people are supposed act and what values are important.4.diversion :(1)seeking relief from boredom or the routine activities of everyday life.(2)relaxation ,or escape from the pressures and problems of day-to-day existence. (3)emotion release of pent-up emotions and energy.5,linkage:the media function that addresses our need to strengthen our contact with family,friends,and others in our society.11.How to deal with new words on magazine?A:First,you can try to find some help from the author, and try to find more help from word formation.In addition, you could find some help from context and common knowledge.12.What is communication?What are the forms of communication?A:Communication is the process of sharing ideas, information, and messages with others in a particular time and place.There are four forms of communication:verbal communication, nonverbal communication, visual communication, and electronic communication.13.What is the code of ethics for journalists?A:The code of ethics is generally described as consisting of the following:1.Responsibility 2.Freedom of the press3.Accuracy and objectivity.14.What is journalism?What does the study of journalism include?A:Journalism is the collection and periodical publishing of news.It includes writing for, editing, and managing such media as the newspaper and the periodical. In other words, it means gathering, evaluating, and disseminating factor of current interest.The journalism includes the wrting and editing of the newspapers and periodicals.15.What is the definition of news agency? What are the major news agencies in America and Britain?A:News agencies is organizations that collect, transmit, and distribute news to newspapers, periodicals, television, radio, and other journalistic and mass communication media.The major news agencies in UK are:Reuters. The maior news agencies in U.S.A are:United Press International, The Associated Press.16What are the benefits obtained via appreciating the language of English news?16通过欣赏英语新闻的语⾔中获得的好处是什么?appreciating the language of English news may have many benefitsfrist we can acquire latest information(90%)second we we may understand the fundamentals of English journalismand then we can know the different styles of English newspapers and magazines last it can improve our English competence 17.What is privacy? What actions can be regarded as invasion of privacy?什么是隐私?什么样的⾏动可以被视为侵犯隐私?(1)Privacy is the right of the individual to be protected against intrusion into hispersonal life or affairs,or those of his family,by direct physical means or by publication of information.(2)A TV news crew hiding in a van outside your room and secretly taping youractivities while you were inside.(But it’s a different story for public figures as superstars & politicians)A newspaper publishing private medical records that reveal that a person has adreadful disease.18.Give a brief account of the general communication process给出了⼀般通信过程的简要介绍It need a source and then a process of encoding ,a message ,a channel ,a process of decoding ,a receiver ,last it need the potential for feedback and the chance of noise.19.What is Yellow Journalism?黄⾊新闻是什么呢?Yellow journalism, in short, is biased opinion masquerading as objective fact.Moreover, the practice of yellow journalism involved sensationalism, distortedstories, and misleading images for the sole purpose of boosting newspaper sales and exciting public opinion. It was particularly indicative of two papers founded and popularized in the late 19th century- The New York World, run by Joseph Pulitzer and The New York Journal, run by William Randolph Hearst.20.What is hard news? What is soft news? How to distinguish between them?硬新闻是什么呢?软新闻是什么?如何区分它们呢?Hard news generally refers to up-to-the-minute news and events that are reported immediately.Soft news is background information or human-interest stories, which appeal to people’s curiosity, sympathy, skepticism, or amazement.Hard news vs. soft news:1.subject matterPolitics, war, economics and crime used to be considered hard news, while arts, entertainment and lifestyles were considered soft news.2.Blurring demarcation line:Is a story about the private life of a politician "politics" or "entertainment"? Is an article about the importance of investing early for retirement a "business" story or a "lifestyle" story? Judging solely on subject matter, it can be difficult to tell.3.the tone of presentationA hard news story takes a factual approach: What happened? Who was involved? Where and when did it happen? Why?A soft news story tries instead to entertain or advise the reader. You may have come across newspaper or TV stories thatpromise "news you can use."Examples?① Tips on how to stretch properly before exercising;② What to look for when buying a new computer.缩略词1. CIA (Central Intelligence Agency 美国中央情报局)2. OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries ⽯油输出国组织)3.NYSE (New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所)4. IMF (International Monetary Fund 国际货币基⾦组织)5. FIFA (International Federation of Football Association 国际⾜球联合会)6. DJIA (Dow Jones Industrials Average 道琼斯⼯业平均指数)7. CPI (Consumer Price Index 消费者价格指数)8. NPC (National People’s Congress全国⼈⼤)9. MP (Member of Parliament 国会议员)10. SOE ( State Owned Enterprise 国有企业)11. IPR (Intellectual Property Rights 知识产权)12. APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织)13. NSB (National Statistics Bureau 国家统计局)14. MPA (Master of Public Administration 公共管理硕⼠)15. NBC (National Broadcasting Company美国全国⼴播公司)16. NGO (Non-government Organization ⾮政府组织)17. PPI (Producer Price Index 制造者价格指数)18. NMD (National Missile Defense) 国家导弹防御系统19. CFO (Chief Finance Officer ⾸席财务官)20. API (Air Pollution Index 空⽓污染指数)21. ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际标准化组织22. WTO (World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织)23. CEO (Chief Executive Officer)24. FDA(FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION美国⾷品药品管理局)25. IOC (International Olympic Committee) 国际奥林匹克委员会26. BBS (Bulletin Board System 电⼦布告栏系统) 或(Bulletin Board Service电⼦布告服务)27. ATM (Automated Teller Machine) ⾃动取款(出纳)机28. GRE (Graduate Record Examination) 美国研究⽣⼊学考试。
英语报刊选读复习资料整理
Sentence TranslationUnit 11.The destruction of the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center made a symbolic statement that reverberated around the world, and the fact that people could watch the event on their television sets endowed it with an emotional impact that no terrorist act had ever achieved before.世贸双子塔的毁灭,是一个象征性的声明,震动全球;而人们可以在电视上观看此事件又使得它对人们造成的情感冲击超过以往任何恐怖行为。
2.Even so, September 11 could not have changed the course of history to the extent that it has if President Bush had not responded to it the way he did. He declared war on terrorism, and under that guise implemented a radical foreign-policy agenda whose underlying principles predated the tragedy.即便如此,如果布什总统没有做出那种回应的话,9.11事件原本不可能达到如此的改变历史进程的程度。
他向恐怖主义宣战,并根据该幌子实施了激进的外教政策议程,其核心思想此前早已酝酿好3.Before September 11 the ideologues were hindered in implementing their strategy by two considerations: George W. Bush did not have a clear mandate (he became President by virtue of a single vote in the supreme Court ) , and America did not have a clearly defined enemy that would have justified a dramatic increase in military spending.9.11之前,理论家在执行他们的策略时受到阻碍,主要基于以下两方面的顾虑:布什没有一个明确的施政目标(他在最高法院凭借单票当选总统);美国没有一个明确的敌人以使军费开支急剧增加合理化。
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英语报刊复习资料二、完形填空A contract is an agreement between two or more people (1) ________ one person agrees to do something by a specified date in return for something done by (2) ________. Usually the contract is a written document signed and dated by both (3) ________. It must state clearly the consideration, that is, what is to be given or done by one person in (4) _______ for what is given or done by the other. If one person does (5) ________ was promised and the other does not, that other may be sued in court and required by court order to make good. He or she (6) ________ also to be required to pay for damages suffered as a result of the failure to perform. The things (7) ________ by both parties must be stated in definite terms (8) ________ the court will hold that the contract is (9) ________ vague and general to be enforced. (10) ________, the time period within which the work is to be done must be definite or the court will say that the document is not a contract.1. A. in which B. which C. that D. on that2. A. another B. other C. the other D. others3. A. parts B. people C. parties D. aspects4. A. replace B. change C. payment D. exchange5. A. that B. what C. the thing D. something6. A. need B. has C. ought D. may7. A. to be done B. to do C. done D. being done8. A. and B. or C. else D. so9. A. so B. too C. rather D. over10. A. Similar B. The same C. Similarly D. Too三、阅读理解Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to get rid of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which uses not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no fuel is needed to make the campus s six buildings comfortable.Some parts of most modern buildings theaters and offices as well as classrooms are more than sufficiently heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter . The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called heat recovery . A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University s system is the first to recover heat from buildings and reuse it in others.Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students send out more heat than female students, and the larger a studentis, the more heat he produces . It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hard-working overweight male genius.1. What is characteristic of the buildings on Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh?A. They are more comfortable to live in than other buildings.B. They collect body heat to regulate the temperature inside.C. They use light bulbs to heat the classrooms.D. They consume less fuel to keep the classrooms cool.2. According to the passage, the technique of heat recovery is used ________.A. to provide a special form of air-conditioningB. to provide heat for the hot water systemC. to find out the source of heatD. to collect heat and reuse it3. The phrase the hottest prospect in this passage refers to ________.A. the person who suffers most from heatB. the person who needs more heat than othersC. the person who gives off most heatD. the person who make better use of body heat4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according the passage?A. The harder a student works, the more heat he or she produces.B. The bigger a student is, the more heat he or she sends out.C. A girl student sends out more heat than a boy student.D. A large and hard-working boy student gives off the most heat.5. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?A. Recovery of Body Heat C. Modern Building s Heat SystemB. Body Heat and Sex D. Ways of Heating Buildings四、作文题(30分)题目:保护环境 (Protect the environment against pollution)英语专业《英美报刊选读》1.飞毛腿导弹2. 北大西洋公约3.国务卿4. 众议院议长5.社会保障6.公主;王妃7.温莎王室/英国王室8.经济衰退9.政治避难 10.人际关系11.artificial intelligence 12.Science and technology civilization 13.Parliament14.Literature itary civilization 16. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation17.EU organization 18.the United Nations (U.N.) 19. Engine 20. Pilot二、1 10: A C C D B / C A B B C三、1 10: A C C D B / C A B B C。