非谓语动词3

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非谓语动词三种形式

非谓语动词三种形式

非谓语动词三种形式一、现在分词形式现在分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常由动词的原形加上-ing构成。

它可以作为主语、宾语、定语、状语等,表示与谓语动词同时或连续发生的动作或状态。

下面将分别从不同角度介绍现在分词的用法。

1. 作主语现在分词可以作为句子的主语,表示一个普遍、一般性的事实或状态。

例子:Running is good for your health.(跑步对健康有益)2. 作宾语现在分词可以作及物动词的宾语,表示被动的、连续进行的动作或状态。

例子:I enjoy reading books on weekends.(我喜欢在周末读书)3. 作定语现在分词可以作名词的前置定语,修饰名词。

例子:The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.(哭闹的婴儿把整个附近吵醒了)4. 作状语现在分词可以作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、结果等。

例子:Feeling tired, I decided to take a nap.(感到疲倦,我决定小睡一会儿)二、过去分词形式过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常由动词的原形加上-ed或不规则变化构成。

它可以作为表语、定语、状语、宾语等,表示被动、完成或状态。

下面将分别从不同角度介绍过去分词的用法。

1. 作表语过去分词可以作为系动词的表语,表示主语的特征或状态。

例子:The door was closed.(门是关着的)2. 作定语过去分词可以作名词的前置定语,修饰名词。

例子:The broken glass needs to be cleaned up.(破碎的玻璃需要清理)3. 作状语过去分词可以作状语,表示原因、条件、时间等。

例子:Having finished my homework, I went to bed early.(完成作业后,我早早就睡了)4. 作宾语过去分词可以作及物动词的宾语,表示被动或完成的动作。

高中非谓语的三种形式和用法

高中非谓语的三种形式和用法

高中非谓语的三种形式和用法(一)非谓语动词一、定义非谓语动词(Non-Finite Verbs)是指动词形态上不能用作谓语或表语的各种动词,它不能表示完成形式、时态和语态,它包括动名词、不定式、分词和现在分词。

它们都可以做主语、宾语或补足语。

二、分类(1)动名词动名词(Gerund)是动词词尾加 -ing 构成的名词,它是动词的名词化形式,一般能起主语、宾语及补语的作用,作主语时通常用来表示某种动作被一般进行着。

(2)不定式不定式(Infinitive)是由 to 加上动词原形构成,能作主语、宾语及补足语,表示某种未完成的动作或态度。

(3)分词分词(Participle)是现在分词(Present Participle)和过去分词(Past Participle)的统称,它的形态类似形容词,但可作简单句中的状语,也可作定语、表语和宾语补足语,有时也能作主语。

现在分词(Present Participle)的形式结尾常常是-ing,例如 working,它在现在完成时态中往往作定语,表示时间先后次序。

三、用法动名词可以作主语、宾语和补足语,在简单句中可以作主语,如:Studying other culture is quite interesting. 学习其他文化很有趣。

也可以作宾语,如:I like studying other culture. 我喜欢学习其他文化。

还可以作补足语,如:He was seen studying in the library. 他被看到在图书馆里学习。

不定式可以作宾语、宾语补足语及表语,但不能作状语,它可以用来表示时间、条件、原因、让步等,如:He agreed to help me. 他同意帮助我。

We came here to visitthe museum. 我们来这里参观博物馆。

分词可以用作定语、表语、状语、宾语补足语和宾语,用作定语时表示定语所修饰的名词发生的先后顺序,如:A broken cup was found on the ground. 地上发现了一个破杯子。

非谓语动词有3种形式

非谓语动词有3种形式

非谓语动词有3种形式:不定式、动名词和分词Ⅰ不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的性质一作主语1.To see is to believe.2. It’s difficult (for us) to learn English.3. It’s foolish of h er to believe him.= She is foolish to believe him.二作表语1. His aim is to win the first prize.2. All we can do is (to) wait.One’s dream / aim / ambition / wish / The first step / What I want to do is to…三作宾语1. He demanded to be told the truth.2. He pretended to be doing his homework / to have fallen asleep when Mother came in.(decide / fail / manage / refuse / pretend / choose / agree / hope/ plan / promise / make up one’s mind + to do)3.I don’t know what to do.(decide / find out / know / learn / consider etc + 疑问词+ to do)4. Anyone can become a better scholar if he wants to.5. ---Are you on holiday? ---No, but I’d like to be.四作宾补或主补1. I’ll have him say something at the meeting.have sb do = get sb to dofeel; hear / listen to; let / have / make; see / watch / look at / notice / observe sb do但被动语态要+ to, let 例外Listen to me read the text.He is often listened to to sing the song.He was let go by the police.2. He ordered his men to fire.wish / advise / persuade / allow / permit / want / tell / ask / expect / order / require / request sb to dosuggest / hope / agree / demand / arrange sb to do3. He is said to be doing the work of next year.It’s said that he is doing the work of next year.sb + seem / appear / happen / be said / be reported / be known /be found / be believed + to do / to be doing / to have ( been) doneIt + seem / appear / happen / be said … / be believe that….六作定语1. I have a lot of work to do / no pen to write with.2. the first to come / to be awarded the Nobel Prize3. the last person to do such a thing 最不愿意做…的人4. the house to be built next year比较: the house being built now / build last year七作状语(目的、原因、结果或条件)目的to / in order to / so as to结果enough to / too…to / so…as to / such…as to / only to1. The bus stopped to pick up passengers.2. He set out early in order to / so as to catch the first bus.= In order to / To catch the first bus he set out early.3. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.4. I hurried to school only to be told it was a holiday.only to do sth 表示出于预料之外的结果不定式的否定形式She kept silent about the accident so as not to lose his job.不定式的完成和被动式The book seems to have been translated into English.但是: The book is difficult to understand.I have a letter to write / a lot of work to do.He is to blame for the accident.Ⅱ动名词具有名词的性质一作主语1. Seeing is believing. = To see is to believe.2. It’s no use / no good / useless doing sth. It’s no use crying over spilt milk.3. Being forced to leave the classroom made him feel embarrassed.二作表语1. My job is teaching English.比较: One’s dream / aim / ambition / The first step is to do sth.动名词作表语, 可与主语交换位置, 句子成立; 现在分词则不能。

非谓语动词3

非谓语动词3

非谓语动词及相关真题训练1. 非谓语动词作主语*不定式和动名词可以在句中充当主语,但分词却不可以。

不定式一般表示具体或一次性动作,而动名词则表示一般或抽象的多次动作。

*不定式和动名词都可以用it来代替作形式主语。

动名词常用在"It is no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/a goodpleasure等名词+doing"结构和"It is useless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile等形容词+doing"结构中作主语。

例如:It is useless-speaking.光说没用。

*动名词也可在“There is(was) no+doing"结构中作主语,例如:There is no standing still in this life; one must either advance or fall behind.在这样的生活中没有原地不动的。

一个人要么前进,要么后退。

*不定式虽然不能有自己的主语,但在意思上仍有履行该动作的人或物,称为逻辑主语,如:She taught me to read.中的me.。

当不定式和它的逻辑主语有被动关系时,不定式就需用被动形式,例如:She was sent there to be trained as an astronaut.她被派到那里接受宇航员的训练。

不定式前面有时有一个由介词for引导的短语,来表示它的逻辑主语,例如:The simplest thing is for him to resign.最简单的办法就是他辞职。

It is not uncommon for there_problems of communication between the old and the young.「真题2007]A. beingB. would beC. be D: to be【译文】老年人和年轻人普遍存在沟通上的问题。

动词的非谓语形式有三种不定式动名和分词

动词的非谓语形式有三种不定式动名和分词

注①
admit,appreciate,avoid,consider, delay, dislike,enjoy,escape, excuse,face,feel like,finish,forgive,give up, imagine,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,practise,put off,resist, risk,suggest,can’t help,can’t stand(无法忍受)等动词后可以用动名词作宾语,但不能用不定式.
2
动名词的复合结构同由
物主代词
人称代词宾格 +动名词 构成
名词所有格
普通格加
2
2.动名词的复合结构
句子开头必须用名词所有格或物主代词.
例如: His coming made me very happy. Mary’s crying annoyed him. She didn't mind his crying. Is there any hope for Xiao Wang’s winning?
但在 It is no use/ good,not any use/ good,useless /there is no …等后必须用动名词。 例如:
01
02
2)作表语.
例如: Her job is teaching.
He is fond of playing football.
01
I like swimming.
I must remember to do it. (我必须记着做这事.) I tried not to go there. (我没法不去那里. He stopped to talk. (他停下来讲话.) I mean to come early today. (我打算今早些来.)

2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲:非谓语动词(3) 课件

2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲:非谓语动词(3) 课件

考法训练
单句语法填空
4.Today my daughter and I went to a parking lot __to__se_ll_ (sell) some of our eggs.
5 . No agreement __re_a_ch_e_d (reach) at the meeting, the representatives wanted another round of talk.
用法 多表示在谓语动词之后发生的动
作,表示将来的动作
表示主动、进行
表示被动、完成
例题讲解
考法二 考查非谓语动词作定语的用法
[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·63] Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ______ (ache) legs.
句意为:那里的活动有观赏鲸鱼、远足等,且(提供 的)住宿力求对自然环境产生较轻的影响。aim to do sth.意为“力求做某事”,为固定搭配。故填to have。
考法三 考查非谓语动词作宾语、补语、主语和表语的用法
例题讲解
2 [全国甲2021·63] It is possible ______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
句意为:走完或者骑行完整整14千米是有可 能的。It is possible to do sth.是固定句型,意 为“做某事是有可能的”。故填to walk。

英语非谓语

英语非谓语

非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do2、动词的ing : doing3、动词的过去分词:done。

其中不定式表示目的和将来;动词的ing表示主动和进行;过去分词表示被动和完成。

非谓语动词三种形式在句中充当不同的成分,表达不同的意义,具体如下表:非谓语动词的时态和语态:一般式:不定式:主动to do ,被动to be done ; ing 形式:主动doing ,被动being done ;过去分词:被动done完成式:不定式:主动to have done ,被动to have been done;ing 形式:主动having done,被动having been done进行式:不定式to be doing1、动词不定式的基本用法:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用,(to)+ do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

否定式:not + (to) do 如:(1)作主语:动词不定式作主语时,一般可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末,如:It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。

It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。

常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+to do。

2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。

(2)作表语:动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语,与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别。

如:Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。

(3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语,如:She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语:可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等;③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you give us some advice on what to do next?(4)作宾语补足语:在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,call on,wait for,invite.此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如:With a lot of work to do,he didn't go to the cinema.他有很多工作要做,所以没去电影院。

非谓语动词有3种形式

非谓语动词有3种形式

⾮谓语动词有3种形式⾮谓语动词有3种形式:不定式、动名词和分词(⼀)不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的性质。

动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有⼈称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。

不定式可做主语、宾语、状语、标语和定语,但不能单独做谓语。

不定式的逻辑主语有时⽤“for/of +名词或代词宾格”构成。

⼀作主语。

不定式做主语时,往往放在谓语之后,⽤it做形式主语。

1. To see is to believe.2. It?s difficult (for us) to learn English.3. It?s foolish of her to believe him.= She is foolish to believe him.⼆作表语1. His aim is to win the first prize.2. All we can do is (to) wait.One?s dream / aim / ambition / wish / The first step / What I want to do is to…三作宾语1. He demanded to be told the truth.2. He pretended to be doing his homework / to have fallen asleep when Mother came in.(decide / fail / manage / refuse / pretend / choose / agree / hope/ plan / promise / make up one?s mind + to do)3. I don?t know what to do.(decide / find out / know / learn / consider etc + 疑问词+ to do)4. Anyone can become a better scholar if he wants to.5. ---Are you on holiday? ---No, but I?d like to be.四作宾补或主补1. I?ll have him say something at the meeting.have sb do = get sb to dofeel; hear / listen to; let / have / make; see / watch / look at / notice / observe sb do但被动语态要+ to, let 例外Listen to me read the text.He is often listened to sing the song.He was let go by the police.to dosuggest / hope / agree / demand / arrange sb to do3. He is said to be doing the work of next year.It?s said that he is doing the work of next year.sb + seem / appear / happen / be said / be reported / be known /be found / be believed + to do / to be doing / to have ( been) doneIt + seem / appear / happen / be said … / be believe that….六作定语1. I have a lot of work to do / no pen to write with.2. the first to come / to be awarded the Nobel Prize3. the last person to do such a thing 最不愿意做…的⼈4. the house to be built next year⽐较: the house being built now / build last year注意(1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、⼯具等,不定式后应有相应的介词。

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直接在此页测试,看看你能答对多少题。

每题下方都有答案,但一定要做了以后再对答案。

.1. He walked up and down, ________(lose) in thought.2. I sat before the desk until after mid-night, ________(absorb) in writing.3. ________(surround) by a host of fans, the film star left the airport excitedly.4. Greatly ________(disappoint), some staff decided to leave the place.5. ________(take) by surprise, the enemy surrendered.6. ________(throw) to the floor, the boy regained his footing a few minutes later7. ________(give) more time, the slow learners would have done better.8. When ________(ask) about his previous job, Bill said he had been a motormechanic.9. Susan seldom speaks in class until ________(speak) to.10. Mosquitoes should be completely exterminated(除掉) where ________(find).11. Retirees(退休人员) in good health should be invited to return to work wherever ________(need).12. If ________(keep) for too long, some medicines will lose their effectiveness.13. We have made a point of not ________(attack) unless ________(attack).14. Though ________(warn) of the danger, they still went mountaineering.15. Even though ________(defeat) for a second time, our team did not give up hope for the ultimate victory.16. With the water pipe ________(choke), there wasn't any more water for use17. Without anything ________(leave) in the kitchen, the Wangs decided to eat out.18. It is no good ________(expect) me ________(overlook) careless mistakes.19. What time would it be convenient for me ________(call) you again?20. It is worthy ________(read) the question through at least twice.21. I promise ________(return) your bike in good condition.22. He explained what ________(do) if the car broke down.23. You must stop ________(wish) and start ________(think) practically.24. Your watch is always slow; it needs ________(repair).25. On ________(step) out of the station my brother found himself face to face with an old friend of his.26. He had no choice but ________(give) up the plan.27. Nothing can make him ________(change) his mind.28. The police had everybody ________(write) down his name and address.29. The police office had every detail ________(write) down.30. ________(never see) him before, I didn’t know what he looked like.31. I di dn’t hear a single word ________(speak) in that classroom that day and I could feel my heart ________(pound).32. The earthquake sent everything ________(crash) to the ground.33. ________(walk) slowly down the road, he saw a woman ________(accompany) by two children.34. An icy wind blew from the great plain, ________(cut) to the bone.35. I don’t argue with you. You’ll never get me ________(agree).36. I know him ________(be) innocent, but I can do nothing ________(help) him.37. I showed him where ________(find) the best specimens.38. They failed in their attempt ________(climb) up the mountains.39. She was the first woman ________(fly) solo across the Atlantic Ocean.40. ________(enter) the room, he flung open all the windows, ________(let) the warm summer air ________(blow) in from the scented garden.41. I can't give my mind to ________(read) with the noise ________(go) on.42. The plane was ________(take) off, but something went wrong with it.43. I meant ________(tell) you about it, but I forgot ________(do) so.44. ________(know) him, I was distressed ________(hear) of his death.45. His guilt ________(prove), he knew he had nothing ________(hope) for.46. ________(keep) what belongs to another is equal to ________(steal).47. What upset the child was his ________(not allow) ________(visit) his mother in the hospital.48. My taxes ________(pay), the amount ________(leave) in the bank is hardly worth ________(mention)49. The gang of thieves were caught ________(steal) from the shop.50. I went to the airport, ________(attempt) to see her off, only ________(tell) that her flight had already taken off.二. 1.lost 2.absorbed 3.surrounded 4. disappointed 5. Taken /Having been taken 6. Thrown 7. Given 8. asked 9.spoken 10. found 11. needed 12. kept 13. attacking ;attacked 14. warned 15. defeated 16. chocked 17. left 18. expecting ; to overlook 19. to call 20. to read 21. to return 22. to do 23. wishing; to think 24. repairing 25. stepping 26. to give 27. change 28. write 29. written 30. Never having seen 31. spoken ;prounding 32.crashing 33. walking ;accompanied 34. cutting 35. to climb 39. to fly 40. Entering ; letting; blow 41. reading ; going 42. to have taken 43. to have told ;to do 44. Having know; to hear 45. proved ; to hope 46. keeping ;stealing 47. not being allowed ;to visit 48. paid ; left; mentioning 49. stealing 50.attempting; to be told。

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