被动语态
英语语法被动语态总结

英语语法被动语态总结一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2)has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时例 A new cinema is being built here.4)was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5)had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6)was/were being done 过去进行时例 A meeting was being held when I was there.7)shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8)should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例Theproject will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
七种被动语态形式

七种被动语态形式1) 一般现在时的被动语态 (am/is/are+ 过去分词)如: The work is done during two days.2) 一般过去时的被动语态 (was/were+ 过去分词)如: He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.3) 一般将来时的被动语态 (will/shall + be + 过去分词或 + be going to + be + 过去分词)如: The work will be finished soon.4) 现在进行时的被动语态 (is/am/are + being+ 过去分词)如: The bridge is now being constructed.5) 现在完成时的被动语态 (have/has +been + 过去分词)如: The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop.6) 带情态动词的被动语态 (情态动词 + be + 过去分词)如: This can be done in a few minutes.7) 动词不定式的被动式 (to be + 过去分词)如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.现在完成时的被动语态其构成是: have/has been + done现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响,。
如:1. The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服都已经洗了。
2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。
现在完成时:表示从过去持续到现在,还可能继续持续下去的动作,往往和表示一段时间的状语(for+一段时间,since…, )等连用,或用于how long 句型中1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。
被动语态9种句型结构

被动语态9种句型结构
1、Be + p.p. (被动语态的一般现在时)
eg.The window is cleaned every day.
2、Be + being + p.p. (被动语态的现在进行时)
eg.The window is being cleaned now.
3、Have/Has + been + p.p. (被动语态的现在完成时)
eg.The window has been cleaned.
4、Had + been + p.p. (被动语态的过去完成时)
eg.The window had been cleaned before I came.
5、Will/Shall + be + p.p. (被动语态的一般将来时)
eg.The window will be cleaned tomorrow.
6、Be + going to + be + p.p. (被动语态的将来进行时)
eg.The window is going to be cleaned tomorrow.
7、Be + about/ due to + be + p.p. (被动语态的将来完成时) eg.The window is about to be cleaned.
8、Have/Has + been + being + p.p. (被动语态的现在完成进行时)
eg.The window has been being cleaned for two hours.
9、Be + p.p. + by + agent (被动语态的被动结构)
eg.The window was cleaned by the cleaner.。
- 1 -。
五种常用时态的被动语态

五种常用时态的被动语态:1)一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + doneThe house is cleaned by my mother every morning.我妈妈每天早上都打扫房子。
2)一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + doneI was beaten by someone last night.我昨晚被人打了。
3)一般将来时的被动语态:will be + doneThis boy will be expelled from the football team tomorrow.这个男孩明天将被开除出足球队。
4)完成时的被动语态:has/have/had been + doneNew Concept English has been translated into many languages.《新概念英语》已经被翻译成了许多种语言。
5)进行时的被动语态:be being + doneMy bicycle is being repaired by a garage.我的自行车正在一家修理厂里维修。
标题Not for jazz总结for的用法:1)为:I bought a book for you.我为你买了一本书。
2)因为:Something fell in,for I heard a splash.一定有东西掉下去了,因为我听见扑通一声。
4)适合:Not for jazz=It's not suitable to play jazz on the clavichord.古钢琴不适合演奏爵士乐。
Question:What happened to the clavichord?to后面加宾语,表示其身上发生了什么事,即动作的目标、对象。
What happened to you?你怎么了?(在你身上发生了什么事?)(1)否定句与疑问句的被动语态We don’t believe her.我们不信她的话。
什么是被动语态

什么是被动语态?被动语态(Passive Voice)是英语中的一种句子结构,用于强调动作的接受者或行为的承受者,而不是动作的执行者。
在被动语态中,主语是动作的接受者,而动作的执行者则成为句子中的宾语或省略。
被动语态的构成:be动词(根据时态变化)+ 过去分词。
下面是被动语态的用法和例句:1. 强调动作的接受者:- The book was written by Mark Twain.(这本书是由马克·吐温写的。
)强调的是书的作者。
- The house was built in 1920.(这座房子是在1920年建造的。
)强调的是房子建造的时间。
2. 不知道或不关心动作的执行者:- The car was stolen last night.(昨晚汽车被盗了。
)并不关心谁偷了车。
- The window was broken during the storm.(窗户在暴风雨期间被打碎了。
)并不关心谁打碎了窗户。
3. 当动作的执行者不重要或已知时:- The letter was sent yesterday.(这封信昨天被寄出。
)不关心谁寄出的信。
- The cake was made by my mother.(这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
)已知蛋糕是妈妈做的。
4. 当动作的执行者是泛指的人或人们:- English is spoken all over the world.(英语在世界各地都被使用。
)泛指的人们使用英语。
- Vegetables are grown in this area.(这个地区种植蔬菜。
)泛指的农民种植蔬菜。
需要注意的是,被动语态的使用需要根据上下文和句子的需要来决定。
有时,被动语态可以用来避免过多使用动作的执行者,或者强调动作的接受者。
在使用被动语态时,还需要注意以下几点:- be动词的形式要与主语保持一致,即单数主语使用is,复数主语使用are。
-过去分词的形式通常为动词的过去分词形式,但也有一些不规则的过去分词形式。
英语10种被动语态用法

3、主动语态和被动语态的名称完全相同,而且均有相对应的关系。比如:现在与过去
3)表示过去行时
am being done
is being done
are being done
4、过去进行时
was being done
were being done
1)在现在某一时刻或某段时间里正在进行的动作。
2)按计划安排在现在的将来发生的动作。
1)在过去的某一时刻或某段时间里正在进行的动作。
2)按计划安排在过去的将来发生的动作。
5、现在完成时
has been done
have been done
6、过去完成时
had been done
1)动作发生在过去,对目前有影响
(注:瞬间性动词的已完成用法)
2)动作发生在过去一直延续到现在,对目前有影响。
(注:延续性动词的已完成或未完成用法)
1)过去有两个动作,其中一个动作发生时,
9、现在将来完成时
shall have been done
would have been done
10、过去将来完成时
should have been done
would have been done
1)在现在的将来某一时刻之前完成的动作。
1)在过去的将来某一时刻之前完成的动作。
特别说明:1、主动语态和被动语态的用法完全相同
另一个动作已经完成。
(注:过去的过去,用过去完成时)
7、现在将来时
shall be done
will be done
8、过去将来时
should be done
would be done
七种被动语态形式
七种被动语态形式被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用来表达句子的主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
在英语中,被动语态由助动词"be"和动词的过去分词构成。
下面是七种常用的被动语态形式及其示例:1. 一般被动语态(Simple Passive)一般被动语态用于表达一般的情况、事实或真理。
它的结构是:主语+ to be + 过去分词。
示例:- The book is written by a famous author. (这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
)- English is spoken in many countries. (英语在许多国家都是使用的。
)2. 进行被动语态(Continuous Passive)进行被动语态用于表达正在进行的动作。
它的结构是:主语 + to be + being + 过去分词。
示例:- The house is being built by a team of construction workers. (这幢房子正在被一队建筑工人建造。
)- The car is being repaired at the garage. (这辆车正在修理厂修理。
)3. 完成被动语态(Perfect Passive)完成被动语态用于表达已经完成的动作。
它的结构是:主语 + to have been + 过去分词。
示例:- The cake has been eaten by all the guests. (这个蛋糕已经被所有的客人吃掉了。
)4. 一般完成被动语态(Simple Perfect Passive)一般完成被动语态用于表达已经完成的一般情况、事实或真理。
它的结构是:主语 + to have been + 过去分词。
示例:- The job offer has been rejected by many applicants. (这个工作邀请已经被许多申请人拒绝了。
八大时态的被动语态结构
八大时态的被动语态结构
以下是八大时态的被动语态结构:
1. 现在时被动语态(Present Simple Passive):主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词。
2. 过去时被动语态(Past Simple Passive):主语 + was/were + 过去分词。
3. 将来时被动语态(Future Simple Passive):主语+ will be + 过去分词。
4. 现在进行时被动语态(Present Continuous Passive):主语 + am/is/are being + 过去分词。
5. 过去进行时被动语态(Past Continuous Passive):
主语 + was/were being + 过去分词。
6. 现在完成时被动语态(Present Perfect Passive):
主语 + has/have been + 过去分词。
7. 过去完成时被动语态(Past Perfect Passive):主语 + had been + 过去分词。
8. 将来完成时被动语态(Future Perfect Passive):主语 + will have been + 过去分词。
被动句的几种形式
被动句的几种形式被动语态:一、简单式(使用助动词be)1、普通式:主语 + be + 动词 (past participle)比如:The door was closed. 门被关上了。
2、完成式:主语 + have/has + been + 动词 (past participle)比如:This work has been done. 这项工作已经完成了。
二、情态动词形式主语 + should/must/could/may + be + 动词(past participle)比如:He should be sent an invitation. 他应该收到邀请。
三、使役动词形式1、使役动词 get:主语 + be + got + to + 动词原形比如:The members were got to do more exercise. 成员们被叫去做更多的运动。
2、使役动词 have: 主语 + be + had + to + 动词原形比如:The students have been had to prepare for this test. 学生们被要求为这次测验做准备。
四、其他形式1、祈使句被动语态: let + be + 动词(past participle)比如:Let it be remembered. 让它被记住吧。
2、there+ be 结构:there + be + 主语 + 动词(past participle)比如:There was an earthquake yesterday. 昨天发生了一次地震。
3、it 作形式主语+be+done: it + be + done + that + 句子比如:It is said that the environment is being seriously polluted. 据说环境受到严重污染。
随着社会的发展,被动语态功能的使用越来越普遍,它不仅可以强调动作本身,也可以强调说话者关注的对象。
被动语态的10种时态形式
被动语态的10种时态形式一、一般现在时的被动语态:被动语态的一般现在时表示主语在现在时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:be + done。
例如:1. The book is read by me.(这本书被我阅读。
)2. The door is locked by him.(门被他锁上了。
)二、一般过去时的被动语态:被动语态的一般过去时表示主语在过去时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:was/were + done。
例如:1. The cake was eaten by them.(蛋糕被他们吃掉了。
)2. The letter was written by me.(信被我写了。
)三、一般将来时的被动语态:被动语态的一般将来时表示主语在将来时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:will be + done。
例如:1. The report will be sent by her.(报告将会被她发送。
)2. The package will be delivered tomorrow.(包裹将在明天被送达。
)四、现在进行时的被动语态:被动语态的现在进行时表示主语在现在进行时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:am/is/are being + done。
例如:1. The car is being washed by the workers.(汽车正在被工人清洗。
)2. The project is being discussed by the team.(项目正在被团队讨论。
)五、过去进行时的被动语态:被动语态的过去进行时表示主语在过去进行时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:was/were being + done。
例如:1. The house was being renovated last month.(房子上个月正在进行装修。
)2. The document was being translated by the intern.(文件正在被实习生翻译。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
d. 动词+名词+介词 的短语动词,如: catch sight of draw one's attention to make an example of make sense of make use of pay attention to take care of The children have been taken good care of.这些孩子得到了 很好的照料。
注﹕
‘‘get﹢过去分词’’与‘‘情态动词﹢be﹢过去分词 的区别’’
Ⅰ.现代英语特别是在口语和非正式的书面语中,常用‘get﹢过去分词’表被动 语态。 eg﹕ Be careful not to get hurt by the sun.小心不要被太阳晒黑。 Ⅱ.be﹢过去分词既可表动作也可表状态,但get过去分词只能表动作。 eg﹕They have been married for ages.他们已经结婚多年了。 They got married last year.他们去年结的婚。 Ⅲ.经过安排考虑的动作用be﹢过去分词 ;出乎意料之外时用‘‘get﹢过去分 词’’ Ⅳ. be﹢过去分词表示单纯的被动意义,而‘‘get﹢过去分词’’结构可以暗 示主语对动作的发生含有一定的责任,含有某种主动意味 eg﹕She was arranged to work in the cutting workshop.她被安排在切割车间工作。 eg﹕She got beaten what ever others might say.不管怎么说,她被别人打了。 Ⅴ. ‘‘get﹢过去分词’’结构的执行者通常不指出 eg﹕How did the window got opend?
过去
将来
was/were+bein g + 过去分词
had+been +过 去分词
shall/will+been +过去分词
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
过去将来
should/would+ be + 过去分词
should/would+ been+过去分词
eg﹕ The milk is brought to my door but the letters are left in the hall﹙一般现在时﹚ The letters were sent to the company by airmail.﹙一般过 去时﹚ Oil imports will be increased. 石油进口将会增加 ﹙一般将 来时 ﹚ I didn’t expect that I would be asked to speak. ﹙过去将来 时﹚ The problem is being dismissed by those students. ﹙现在 进行时﹚ The corn﹙玉米﹚ was being harvested early this year. 过去进行时 She hasn’t been told about it yet. ﹙现在完成时﹚ I heard she had alread been sent to hospital. ﹙过去完成时 ﹚ 被动语态没有完成时,也没有将来时,如果这类事态的主动 结构要变为被动结构,可以用完成时态或一般时态
c. 动词+副词+介词 的短语动词 少数由三个词构成的短语也可有被动语态,如: come up with look down upon make up for put up with live up with look forward to look down on look up to play around with The lost time must be made up for .失去的时间必须补回来。
4)短语动词的被动语态
有些短语动词在意义上相当于及物动词,因此也可构成被动语 态。短语动词被看成一个整体,是固定词组,不丢掉后面的介 词或副词。其被动语态构成方法与普通的及物动词的被动语态 的构成方法相同。 a. 动词+介词 的短语动词,如: arrive at ask for deal with dream of laugh at look after look for listen to talk about think of eg﹕The old woman was well looked after. This subject will be talked about later. 但也有一些短语动词不能有被动语态,如:burst into,consist of,feed on,lie in live on等。 b. 动词+副词 的短语动词,如: bring up carry out cut up find out give up hand in make up pull down put off think over work out eg﹕This idea was put forward by John.
完成式
have/has been done had been done
shall/will have been done
现 过 将来
2)‘‘get﹢vt.的过去分词’‘结构
get常与 marry.beat.break.damage.tear.hurt.paint.invite.re pair.dress等动词的过去分词连用,构成被动语态。 ‘ ‘get ﹢vt.的过去分词’’表示的被动语态一 般指动作的结果而非动作本身,这种结构多指意 外的、不同寻常的事件﹕ eg ﹕He got hurt in an accident. ‘ ‘get ﹢vt.的过去分词’’有时也可用来表示一种 及与(主语)自身的动作,过去分词作表语而不 是被动的动作,get lost,get washed,get engaged (订婚)等
‘‘情态动词﹢be﹢过去分词’’结构
一般式﹕情态动词(can, could, may, might, must, should, need等)﹢be﹢ 过去分词 完成式﹕情态动词(can, could, may, might, must, should, need等)﹢have been﹢过去分词 eg﹕this can be done by hand.
旅英2班 娄姗姗
被动语态
主﹕
动作的发出者 + 主动语态动词 + 动作的接受者
主
谓
宾
被﹕
动作的接受者+被动语态动词+﹙by +动作的发出者﹚
主
谓
宾
eg ﹕ Zhe same experiment has been conducted by the scientists
fou so mang years,and now they get the results successfully. experiment是conducted的承受着,故conduct用于被动语态, they是 get的发出者,故get用于主动语态。
2.被动语态的时态
助动词及物动词的过去分词是被动语态的基本构成结构。现在其 为例,将其各种人称、数和时态构成的被动语态形式列表如下﹕
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在
am/is/are + 过去分词
was/were + 过 去分词
shall/will+be + 过去分词 am/is/are+bein g + 过去分词 have/has+bee n+过去分词
1.被动语态的构成
1).被动语态的基本构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动 词的过去分词”构成。 Be本身 无词义,但有时态、人称和数的。 被动语态可用于任何事态变化 以do为例
方式 时间
一般式
am/is/are done
was/were done shall/will be done
进行式
am/is/arebein g done was/were being done