外贸英语中后置定语的类型及翻译技巧-

外贸英语中后置定语的类型及翻译技巧-
外贸英语中后置定语的类型及翻译技巧-

外贸英语中后置定语的类型及翻译技巧

Digest:As is known to all,export business trade is one of the drivers to our countrty’s economy growth.Most of the time English is the main language when we communicate with https://www.360docs.net/doc/224518152.html,pared with other translation theories about business English , the research about translation theory of Postpositive Attributive is not enough .And no one can doubt the essential fact that the Postpositive Attributive is widely used in business English .So my thesis will focus analyse the types of Postpositive Attributive and discuss the skills of Postpositive Attributive translation .And because Chinese and English have their own language characters,so it is wise to compare the differences between Chinese and English when begin the discussion.

绪论:我国加入世界贸易组织之后,对外经济贸易活动日益频繁,外贸英语翻译的重要性也越来越不容忽视。很多的学者专家给出了许多不同的翻译方法或翻译理论,但我们可以注意到涉及后置定语修饰语方面的并不多见,所以研究外贸英语中后置定语的翻译技巧对实际的翻译工作很有意义,那么我们应该如何分析外贸英语中后置定语的结构类型?在外贸英语中后置定语的实际翻译工作中,如何翻译才能做到严谨、科学、合理、正确呢?又有什么翻译技巧呢?

英语的句子是树形结构;汉语的句子是竹式结构。英语句子容易出现各种复杂的修饰关系,且修饰成分的位置灵活。“英语修饰语位置比较灵活,汉语修饰语的位置比较固定;汉语倾向于前置,英语可以前置也可以后置,同时更倾向于后置。“修饰语既可以修饰名词,也可以修饰动词,甚至是句子,例如状语修饰语。本文的讨论仅限于修饰名词性成分的后置定语修饰语(简称后置定语)。外贸英语是对外经济贸易活动的工具,要求语言严谨,表达清晰。定语修饰语,尤其是可以承载大量信息的后置定语在外贸英语中使用的频率很高。正确理解并妥当翻译后置定语,尤其是复杂的后置定语,有利于正确理解和把握谈判内容和交易条款,保证经贸活动顺利进行。外贸英语中的后置定语按照结构可以分成单一型、并列型、复杂型和并列复杂型等四类,在比较英汉语差异的基础上,探讨了常用的翻译方法和策略。

1 后置定语的类型

英语中的后置定语形式多样,既有词、短语、分句,又不乏各种形式并存共同修饰同一个中心词的情况。如何给后置定语分类难以形成一个统一的标准。为了简便和清楚起见,本人模仿句子的分类方法将其分成了以下四类。

1.1 简单型

顾名思义,简单型指的是中心词的后面只有一个定语修饰语。它可以是一个词、一个短语,也可以是一个从句;该修饰成分相对比较简单,大多数情况下也比较短。例如:Can you make us an additional discount of two percent. ( “of two percent”做“discount”的后置定语。) 由于充当后置定语的大多数是短语或从句,所以也不乏较长的。例如:

1)When replying, please state your terms of payment and discount you would allow on purchases of quantities of not less than 100 dozen of individual items .

2)We have pleasure in recommending to you the following goods similar to your samples in both specifications and in quality .1)句中的“discount”后面跟了个关系分句进

行修饰限定;2)中的“goods”后面跟了个形容词短语做定语修饰语。两个句子虽然都只有一个后置定语,但都比较长。因此,简单型后置定语只是结构简单,传达的信息内容仍有可能较复杂;从翻译的角度来看,要处理好也并不十分简单。

1.2 并列型

并列型指的是中心词后面有两个或者两个以上的修饰成分,各成分之间呈并列的形式。这些并列的成分本身长短不一,功能也各不相同。例如:

This is to acknowledge receipt of your letter dated 20th July, 2004 , re questing us to effect insurance on the captioned shipment for your

account. “letter”的后面有两个并列定语修饰语,一个是表示时间的-ed分词短语,一个是表示来信内容的-ing分词短语。又如:You are requested to establish a letter of credit at sight in our favor covering the above-mentioned goods. “letter of credit”后面跟了三个并列的修饰语,介词短语“at sight”限定信用证的性质;介词短语“in our favor” 提示信用证的受益人;–ing分词短语“covering the above-mentioned goods”提示和信用证相关联的产品信息。

1.3 复杂型

称之为复杂型,是因为这种后置定语的修饰语就像英语句子当中的复杂句一样本身带有名词性分句、状语性短语或状语分句做修饰成分。例如:

1)Art No. 76 on Page 15 of the catalog is our newly launched product popular in European market with super quality, fashionable design, and competitive price. “product”的后面是一个形容词短语,起修饰限定作用。该短语又包含着一个“with”引导的介词短语,做整个形容词短语的原因状语,说明“在欧洲市场深受欢迎”的原因。

2)We believe you have good connections throughout the trade, and it seems to us a favorable opportunity to further develop the business which we have been doing among the class of buyers you mention. “opportunity”后面跟了一个不定式做后置定语,该不定式包含一个由“which” 引导的关系分句来修饰其中的“business”,关系分句本身又包含了另外一个简短的关系分句“you mention”。这是一个有三层修饰关系的复杂型后置定语。

1.4 并列复杂型

并列复杂型,是指充当后置定语的至少有两个并列成分,且其中至少有一个成分是复杂型的后置定语。这是最复杂的类型,相对而言翻译的难度也最大。例如:1)We now have much pleasure in sending you herewith our invoice covering the above shipment which went forward on S.S. Nimrod against your Order No.3151of 20th March. “invoice”后面跟了两个并列的定语修饰语:一个是“covering” 引导的–ing分词短语,一个是“against”引导的介词短语;分词短语里又有一个“which”引导的关系分句,提示了装运这票货物的船只。整个修饰部分有两个层次,三个成分。

2)We are quite aware of the conditions set forth in Sakes Confirmation

No.89STX-5491 which states that the goods ordered could be shipped in July if the covering Letter of Credit reached you on the 15th of June at the latest. “conditions”后面有两个并列的定语修饰语:一个是表示被动关系的分词短语“set forth in Sakes Confirmation No.89STX-5491” ,另一个是“which”引导的关系从句;关系从句中包含一个“that”引导的宾语从句,而该宾语从句又包含一个“if”引导的条件状语从句。它是个有三层修饰关系的复杂型后置定语。

2 后置定语的翻译

传统的翻译原则以“忠实”为核心。外贸英语内容严肃,它的翻译自然更应遵循忠实的原则。由于汉语缺乏与英语中的后置定语完全对应的形式,因此,在翻译过程中必须对汉语语

句形式进行变通。这样,译文才能通顺。否则也算不上忠实。钱钟书先生说过,“有通顺而不忠实的译文,但没有不通顺而忠实的译文。”外贸英语中的后置定语的翻译,要本着如实传达原文内容的原则,根据具体情况选择得当的方法。

2.1 前置法

后置定语在英语中比较普遍,可是汉语更倾向于把定语成分放在中心词的前面。在翻译的过程中,把后置定语做前置处理是最基本也是最常见的处理方法。这样不仅符合汉语的表达习惯,而且修饰语和中心词位置紧凑,可以最大限度地在内容和形式上都忠实于原文。简短的修饰语一般都适合这样翻译;对于较长的修饰成分,只要语义结构简单,放在中心词前面不影响句子的意思明确和通顺,也要优先考虑前置.例如:

The shipping space for sailing to Colombo up to the end of this month has been fully booked up. 本月底前到科伦坡的舱位已经全部订满了。“the shipping space”的后面跟了两个介词短语做定语:一个是表示航行目的地的“for sailing to Colombo”,一个是表示时间的“up to the end of this month”。英汉两种语言在语序上有一定的差异。如果时间和地点同时出现在英语句子里,往往地点在前,时间在后;汉语则正好相反,时间在前,地点在后。把时间和地点并列放在中心语的前面,句子意思清晰,又不失简捷明快,在形式和内容上都尽量达到了和原文的统一。又如:

We very much appreciate the efforts you have made in introducing our commodity into your market. 我们非常感激你方为把我们的产品引进你方市场所做的努力。修饰限定“efforts”的关系分句尽管比较长,但是译成汉语之后放在“努力”的前面丝毫不影响句子的通顺。这样翻译,句子内容明确完整,结构和原文也比较完美地统一了起来。

2.2 转换法

借助于词的形态变化、从句等显性手段,英语很容易把词、短语和分句之间的相互关系表达清楚。由于句子结构紧凑,即使修饰语很长也不至于影响语义的表达和理解。汉语则不然。“汉语的形态变化不多,语序具有重要的意义。语序是重要的语法手段,也是重要的修辞手段。”汉语中如果修饰语比较复杂、层次较多,语序排列就困难,造成误解或产生歧义的可能性也比较大。在外贸英语的翻译中,把“忠实”放在第一位是绝对必要的,其中极其重要的一点就是避免误解。因此,处理较复杂的英语后置定语,不妨改变原文的修饰关系,将修饰语独立出来,转换成句子或分句,以达意为准则。例如:

The instruments are to be packed in new strong wooden cases suitable for long distance ocean transportation and well protected against dampness, moisture, shock, rust and rough handling. 仪器用牢固的新木箱包装。木箱应适合长途海运,并防湿、防潮、防震、防锈、耐粗暴搬运。“wooden cases” 前面有两个形容词做前置定语,后面又跟了两个并列的后置定语,一个是“suitable”引导的形容词短语,另一个是“protected”引导的分词短语,都用来说明木箱应该达到的标准。原文的句子主干被单独翻译成了一个句子,两个后置定语被翻译成了以“木箱”为主语的另外一个句子。句子结构虽然改变了,却充分传达了原文的信息,对木箱的要求表达得一清二楚,而且符合汉语句子较短的特点,表达清晰、通顺。又如:

The only remedy for avoiding non-performance of the contract we signed with the exhibition administration is to send the goods by air at once and at any cost. 为了避免不履行我们和展览当局签定的合同,唯一的补救措施就是立即不惜一切代价把货物空运过 . 来。“remedy” 后面跟了一个介词短语做定语修饰语,该修饰语还包含一个关系分句。原文的一个简单句译成了汉语当中的一个偏正关系的复句,原文中的整个后置定语译成了表示目

的的分句。虽然没有保留原文中的修饰关系,但是语义忠实,表达正确,译文通顺。

2.3 融合法

汉英句子的扩展功能差异很大,“汉语基本句具有句首开放性和句尾收缩性,而英语句子则恰恰相反,具有句首封闭性和句尾开放性。” 英语里有些典型的句子表达方式很难在汉语里找到相应的结构。某些情况下,英语中的修饰语和中心词之间的关系很难在汉语里以同样的方式表达出来。翻译过程中,除了上面提到的转换法,还有一个方法,就是把修饰语和中心词有机地融为一体。如:

Your failure to deliver the goods within the stipulated time has greatly inconvenienced us. 贵方未能在规定的时间内交货,给我们造成了极大的不便。英语的句子多用名词,而汉语句子多用动词。把上句中名词“failure” 译成动词“未能”符合汉语的表达习惯。原句中不定式结构做“failure” 的后置定语,这是一种典型的英文表达方式。汉语虽然没有类似的结构,但是句子的主语比较灵活,类型多样;既可以没有主语,也可以有非常复杂的主语。译文打乱了后置定语和中心词之间的修饰关系,把不定式和中心词合并在一起处理成了一个句子做全句的主语(话题)。另外,修饰不定式的时间状语“ within the stipulated time” 在英语中经常取后置,汉语习惯上前置。这样翻译,既充分传达了原文的内容,又符合汉语的表达习惯,避免了生涩、拗口。又如:

As is known to you, there is only one vessel sailing for your port each month and it usually leaves here in the first half of a month. 贵方知道,每个月只有一艘船驶向你方港口,而且通常都在上半个月离开这里。英语中的“there be” 结构和汉语的存现句不能完全对等,尤其是在表示某个时间或以某种时间频率发生什么事的情况下必须要改变句子结构。时间在英语中很少充当句子主语,而汉语就没有这种局限性。原文中“sailing for your port” 做“vessel”的后置定语,译文中两者却融合在了一起充当谓语的一部分。译文这样处理,既忠实于原文,内容又通顺。

2.4 综合法

部分英语后置定语的结构复杂,信息量大,单凭一种方法很难翻译到位。对于内部层次较多、内容较复杂的英语后置定语,要根据具体情况,理清修饰语和中心词的关系以及修饰语内部各个成分之间的关系,把各种方法合理地综合运用,灵活处理。这样,才能既忠实地再现原文内容、又保证译文通顺,意思表达准确,句子流畅。如:

For your information, we are making arrangements to ship the 500 cases of toys by s.s. “Tsinan”, sailing on or about the 11th of August. 顺告,我们正安排用“济南”号装运这500箱玩具。该船将于8月11日左右起航。原句中修饰“arrangements”的不定式本身带有一个分词短语,故是个复杂型的后置定语。译文把原文中的不定式和中心词融合在了一起,做连动式的谓语,同时把原文中的分词短语转换成了一个独立的句子。这样语义结构清晰,意思明确。又如:

Our terms of payment are by confirmed, irrevocable letter of credit in our favor, available by draft at sight, reaching us one month ahead of shipment, remaining valid for negotiation in China for another 21 days after the prescribed time of shipment, and allowing transshipment and partial shipment. 我们的付款方式是以保兑的、不可撤销的、以我方为受益人的、允许分装和转船的、见票即付的信用证支付,该信用证应于装运日前一个月送达我方,并至规定装运日后二十一天在中国议付有效。中心语“letter of credit”后面的修饰成分包括一个介词短语,一个形容词短语,三个分词短语,五个短语之间都是并列关系;另外,该词的前面还有两个形容词做前置定语。在翻译的过程中,如果把所有的定语都放在中心语“信用证”的前面,译文就会拖沓冗长,难以理解,显然不可取。相对于英语而言,

汉语倾向于多用短句,但并不排斥长句,也不排斥较长的修饰语。译文把其中三个较短的定语译成以“的”字结尾的短语,采用前置法放在中心语的前面,与原句中另外两个前置定语并列起来。这样处理后,由于结构相似,即使“信用证”前面并列的定语很长,也不会造成误解;其余的成分重复“信用证”做主语转换成了句子。整个句子意思清楚,连贯流畅。

英语句子层次多,结构复杂;汉语句子长短结合,短句较多,重在靠语义相互衔接。英语定语修饰语前置后置都有,多后置;汉语定语多前置,后置一般是为了达到某种修辞效果或表达某种情感。外贸英语中带有后置定语的句子很多,在翻译的过程中既要本着如实传达原文内容的原则,又要根据英汉两种语言的不同特点,使译文表达准确,句子通顺,促进对外经济贸易活动的正常开展。

结语:综上所述,我们可以看出要想成功的翻译外贸英语,首先必须了解译文的特性,外贸英语以其专业性的表述,语言准确,措辞礼貌,结构复杂严谨为其特征。本论文以外贸英语中后置定语为中心,分析了其类型,探讨了其翻译技巧,强调外贸英语翻译的标准应该是多元化的,而不是单一的。这就要求译者要充分把握外贸英语的文体风格,根据具体外贸英语文本的实际情况,采取相应的翻译原则和策略。一个好的外贸英语翻译工作者,应该有扎实的语言能力,专业的外贸英语知识,及强烈的耐心和责任感。

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[7] 李瑞华. 英汉语言文化对比研究[M]. 上海:上海外语教育出版社,1995

初中英语定语从句翻译练习

初中英语定语从句翻译练习 1.我们去年在医院一直照顾take care of的老太太死了. 2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。 3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。 4.你喜欢的女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。 5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。 6.你知道他打算娶reason你的原因吗7.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天autumn。9.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。10.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。11.有什么事我能帮你吗12.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美圆。13.那个医生告诉我他为我爹什么也做不了了。 14.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页. 15.正像老师昨天说的那样,他没有通过考试。16.正像我们刚才讨论的那样,学习英语很容易。17.正像我妈昨天告诉我的那样,我的女朋友根本不爱我。18.正像你知道的那样钱是非常重要的。20.你知道你们家狗要死的原因吗21. 她就是那个到明年年底,会攒一万美圆的那个女孩。22. 你认识那个警察一直在找的小偷吗 1.那本绿皮的书是关于太空的. 2.这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗? 3.北京是我的出生地 4.你还记得我第一次见到你的那一天吗? 5.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了 6.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方 7.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察 8.这是她买的第三个手机 9.有没有我能帮忙的事? 10.我喜欢能使我放松的音乐 11.他们租了一间窗户坏掉的房子 1.The book which has a green cover is about space. 2. 2.Is this the reason that he refused our help? 3. 3.Beijing is where i was born. 4. 4.Do you still remember the day that i first met you? 5. 5.His father died the year he was born. 6. 6.It is not so easy for him to find the place where he lived 40 years ago. 7.7.The thief gave all that he stoled to the police at last. 8.8.This is the third cellphone that she buyed. 9.9.Is there anything that i can help? 10.10.I like music which can make me feel easy. 11.11.They rent a room whose windows are broken 1. Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one

外贸英语函电(第二版)课后翻译

外贸英语函电课后翻译参考答案中英文对照版 Chapter Two 1.我们从中国驻东京大使馆商务参赞处得知贵公司的行名和地址并了解贵公司是经营家用电器产品有经验的出口商 We obtained your name and address from commercial counsellor’s office of the Chinese embassy in Tokyo. They have informed us that you are experienced exporter in the market for home electrical appliances. 2.我们的一个客户对你们的新产品感兴趣 One of our customers is interested in your new production. 3.我们的一个日本客户想要购买中国红茶 One of our customers in Japan wants to be in the market for black tea. 4.如你所知我们的外贸政策是在平等互利的基础上与各国人民做生意 As you know, our policy is to trade with merchants of various countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. 5.我们希望你方尽最大努力促进业务又增进友谊。 We hope you can try your best to promote both trade and friendship. 6.谢谢你方来函表示提供服务我方愿与你方就扩大贸易的可能性进行讨论。 Thanks for your letter about service supply, we are willing to talk about the possibility of promoting trade. 7.我们了解到你公司是中国手工艺品的出口商因此冒昧的写信给你 We have acknowledged that your company is the exporter of Chinese handicraft. 8.我们相信贵我双方的业务将随着时间的推移而得到发展。 We are sure that business between us will be promoted as time passing. 9.你方2 月15 日函悉并已转交给了上海分公司办理答复因为你所询购的商品属于他们经营范围 Your letter of Feb 15th addressed to us has been passed on to our Shanghai Branch Office for attention and reply, as the goods you inquired is within the range of their business activities. 10.我们是一家在全世界范围内进行进出口业务的贸易公司 We are a trading company handling the import and export business around world. 1、经你方商会的介绍我方欣悉贵公司的行名和地址。 On the recommendation of your Chamber of Commerce, we have learned with pleasure the name and address of your company. 2、我公司专门经营中国纺织品出口并愿意在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。We are specializing in the export of Chinese textiles and glad to enter into business relations with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. 3、为使贵方对我方产品有全面的了解我方另函寄去一本目录册及一套小册子以供参考。To make you know well of our products, we are separately sending you a catalogue together with a set of brochure for your reference. 4、如对目录中所列之任何产品感兴趣请具体询价我方将立即报价。 Please specific inquire if you are interested in any of the items listed in the catalogue. We will quote promptly. 5、望尽快答复。

定语从句翻译练习

定语从句翻译练习 1. 我有一位非常喜欢音乐的朋友 2. 我将永远记住在高一时教我们化学的那位老师 3. 英语是全世界都使用的语言 4. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的运动 5. 今天是我们经历过的最寒冷的一天 6. 头一件你需要做的事就是学习英语 7. 玛丽所指的是哪一幅画 8. 那班我正在等的火车现在已经晚了半小时 9. 我们在街上遇见的那位女士是我们的数学老师 10. 他告诉我侦探们他们想要知道的所有事情

11. 这是我第一次遇见我班主任的地方 12. 我们发现一家餐厅,那里的食物精美可口 13. 那是你借给他钱的那位男士吗 14. 这是你必须改掉的坏习惯 15. 所有你照顾的孩子都会喜欢游泳 16. 我有一位同学,他的母亲是一位著名的歌唱家 17. 我住在一间窗户朝北的房间里 18. 这首诗正如人们所知道的那样,这首诗是由汪国真写的 19. 他为什么缺席的原因不明 20. 我真的很喜欢甜食,那就是我牙齿不好的原因 21. 正像老师昨天说的那样,他通过了考试

22. 正像刚才讨论的那样,学习英语很容易 23. 我将永远记住待在农村生活的那段日子 24. 孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书 25. 你知道他打算出国留学的原因吗? 26. 我讨厌我住过的那个旅馆。 27. 我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天。 28. 她是我见过的最善良的女孩。 29. 这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页 30. 昨天在购物中心,我遇见了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。 31. 人们会永远记住香港和澳门回归祖国的那一时刻。

答案 1. 我有一位非常喜欢音乐的朋友 I have a friend who likes music very much. 2. 我将永远记住在高一时教我们化学的那位老师 I will remember the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 3. 英语是全世界都使用的语言 English is a language which is used all over the world. 4. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的运动 Football is the sport (which/that ) most boys like/ are fond of. 5. 今天是我们经历过的最寒冷的一天 Today is the coldest day (that) we have ever experienced. 6. 头一件你需要做的事就是学习英语 The first thing you have to do is to study English. 7. 玛丽所指的是哪一幅画? Which is the picture (that) Mary pointed at? 8. 那班我正在等的火车现在已经晚了半小时 The train (which) I’m waiting for is now half an hour later. 9. 我们在街上遇见的那位女士是我们的数学老师

外贸函电(1)

函电 (1) 今天的题目是: Self-introduction 例文如下: Dear Sirs, We owe your name and address to the Commercial Counsellor's Office of the Swedish Embassy in Beijing who have informed us that you are in the market for Textiles. We avail ourselves of this opportunity to approach you for the establishment of trade relations with you. We are a state-operated corporation,handling both the import and export of Textiles. In order to acquaint you with our business lines,we enclose a copy of our Export List covering the main items suppliable at present. Should any of the items be of interest to you,please let me know. We shall be glad to give you our lowest quotations upon receipt of your detailed requirements. In our trade with merchants of various countries,we always adhere to the principle of equality and mutual benefit. It is our hope to promote,by joint efforts,both trade and friendshp to our mutual advantage. We look forward to receiving your enquiries soon. Yours faithfully, Encl. 注解 A 1. owe ...... to ...... 把.....归功于...... 例句: We owe your name and address to ....... 2. Commercial Counsellor's Office 商务参赞处 3. be in the market for 想要购买.... 例句: We are in the market for Groundnuts.

定语从句翻译

1.李昂就是那个决心清除社会上所有坏蛋的职业杀手。 Leon was a professional killer who was determined to get rid of all the bad guys in the society. 2.玛蒂尔德就是那个父母都已离世的可怜的小女孩。 Mathilda was a poor little girl whose parents both died. 3.足球是一项培养孩子跟别人合作的团队活动。 Football is a team work that trains children to work with others. 4.你想见的那个人住进了这家宾馆。 The man whom you want to see checked in this hotel. 5.这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。 This is the factory (which/that ) we visited yesterday. 6.我昨天收到的那封信是我的一个朋友寄来的。 The letter (which/that) I received yesterday was from a friend of mine. 7.他常常回忆起童年在乡下跟爷爷去河边钓鱼的日子。 He often recalls the days of his childhood when he and his grandfather went fishing by the river. 8.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 This is the house where Lu Xun once lived. This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. This is the house which Lu Xun once lived in. 9.我们不知道他没有来的原因。 We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up. We don’t know the reason that he didn’t show up. (×) 10.中国政府正在大力发展农业,农业的重要性现在已是人人皆知。 Chinese government is trying to develop agriculture with great efforts, the importance of which is now known to everybody. 11.会议延期了,而这正是我们所希望的。 The meeting was put off, which/as was exactly what we wanted. 12.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. This is the best film (which) I have ever seen. (×)

外贸英语各种信件翻译

1.索取资料(产品信息) Gentlemen/Ladies: We confirm receipt of your letter(your ref. L-CBA-0001) of February 1,2000 regarding the marketing of your children's clothes in this country.In order for us to study the matter in greater detail, we would appreciate receiving a price list for each item shown in your catalog. V ery truly yours, 先生们/女生们: 我们已收到贵公司于2000年2月1日发出的关于在我国销售童装的信函(贵公司参考号为L-CBA-0001).为了我们更详细地研究此事,我们希望能得到贵公司产品目录中所列项目的价格表. 您忠实的, in order for us to ... 为了我们... it would be very helpful if you could... 如果贵方能...将会给我们很大帮助. (1) 如果贵方能寄来商品目录和价格表,我们不胜感激. (2) 请贵方寄来相关资料. (3)贵方若能寄来销售统计数字,将会给我方很大帮助. (1) We would appreciate it if you could send us a list of your merchandise and a price list. (2) We would like to ask you to kindly send us the related information. (3) It would be very helpful if you could send us statistics on your sales. 2.索取资料(企业情况) Dear Sir/Madam, We are a company that imports yachts for sale to Japanese clients and we have enclosed our company's brochure for your reference.Y our company's name to our attention through an article in the August issue of Ocean Magazine and we understand that you manufacture yachts of various sizes. Since we might be interested in doing business with your company, we would like to have some information about you r company, we would therefore appreciate your sending us your company's catalog so that we can examine the business potential more closely. Thank you for your attention. Y ours faithfully, 亲爱的先生/女士: 我公司从事游艇进口,并向日本销售.随信寄去我公司手册,以供参考.<海洋杂志>八月号的一篇文章引起了我们对贵公司的注意.我们了解到贵公司生产不同型号的游艇,我公司有望与贵公司做生意,因此希望了解贵公司及产品的情况,请寄来贵公司产品目录,以便我们进一步研究合作的可能性.我方不胜感激. 感谢贵公司的关注. 您忠实的, be keenly interested in...... 对...非常感兴趣 develop an interest in (toward)......对...产生兴趣 line of business 经营范围 product line 产品种类 1.我们通过东京工商会了解了贵公司的情况. 2.我公司是东南亚地区最大的高尔夫设备销售代理商之一,我们已获得贵公司新产品的有关信息. 3.我方对贵公司新近开发的技术很感兴趣. 1.We learned of your company through the Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Tokyo. 2. Our company is one of the largest sales agents for golf equipment in South East Asia and we have obtained information about your new products. 3. We are very much interested in your recently-developed technology. 3.寄送资料 Dear Mr. Y amato,

外贸英语函电课后翻译

外贸英语函电课后翻译参考答案??中英文对照版?? Chapter Two 1.我们从中国驻东京大使馆商务参赞处得知贵公司的行名和地址??并了解贵公司是经营家用电器产品有经验的出口商 We obtained your name and address from commercial counsellor’s office of the Chinese embassy in Tokyo. They have informed us that you are experienced exporter in the market for home electrical appliances. 2.我们的一个客户对你们的新产品感兴趣 One of our customers is interested in your new production. 3.我们的一个日本客户想要购买中国红茶 One of our customers in Japan wants to be in the market for black tea. 4.如你所知??我们的外贸政策是在平等互利的基础上与各国人民做生意 As you know, our policy is to trade with merchants of various countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. 5.我们希望你方尽最大努力促进业务又增进友谊。 We hope you can try your best to promote both trade and friendship. 6.谢谢你方来函表示提供服务??我方愿与你方就扩大贸易的可能性进行讨论。 Thanks for your letter about service supply, we are willing to talk about the possibility of promoting trade. 7.我们了解到你公司是中国手工艺品的出口商??因此冒昧的写信给你 We have acknowledged that your company is the exporter of Chinese handicraft. 8.我们相信??贵我双方的业务将随着时间的推移而得到发展。 We are sure that business between us will be promoted as time passing. 9.你方2 月15 日函悉??并已转交给了上海分公司办理答复??因为你所询购的商品属于他们经营范围 Your letter of Feb 15th addressed to us has been passed on to our Shanghai Branch Office for attention and reply, as the goods you inquired is within the range of their business activities. 10.我们是一家在全世界范围内进行进出口业务的贸易公司 We are a trading company handling the import and export business around world. 1、经你方商会的介绍??我方欣悉贵公司的行名和地址。 On the recommendation of your Chamber of Commerce, we have learned with pleasure the name and address of your company. 2、我公司专门经营中国纺织品出口??并愿意在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。We are specializing in the export of Chinese textiles and glad to enter into business relations with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. 3、为使贵方对我方产品有全面的了解??我方另函寄去一本目录册及一套小册子以供参考。To make you know well of our products, we are separately sending you a catalogue together with a set of brochure for your reference. 4、如对目录中所列之任何产品感兴趣??请具体询价??我方将立即报价。 Please specific inquire if you are interested in any of the items listed in the catalogue. We will quote promptly.

外贸英语邮件例句_62句

外贸人写开发信时最常用的例句 回复、总结、确认之前与客人的讨论“ 1. With reference to our telephone conversation today… 关于我们今天在中的谈话…(用于沟通后的确认) 2. As we discussed on the phone... 如我们上次在中的讨论… 3. In my previous on October 5 在10月5日所写的中… 4. As I mentioned earlier about... 如我先前所提及关于… 5. As indicated in my previous ... 如我在先前的信中所提出… 6. I am writing to follow up on our earlier decision on the... 我写信来追踪我们之前对于…的决定 7. from our decision at the previous meeting… 如我们在上次会议中的决定… 8. As you requested/per your requirement... 按照您的要求… 9. In reply to your dated April l, we decided... 针对您4月1日的,我们有如下决定… 10. As a follow-up to our phone conversation yesterday, I wanted to getback to you about the pending issues of our agreement. 对于我们昨天在中所谈,我想答复您我们合约的—些待解决的问题。 11. I received your voice message regarding the subject. I'm wondering ifyou can elaborate i.e. provide more details. 我收到您关于这个主题的留言.我想您是否可以再详尽说明,也就是再提供多一点细节 12. I received your message regarding the subject. I'm wondering if you can elaborate i.e. provide more details. 我收到您关于这个主题的留言,能否可以再详尽说明,再提供多一点细节。

定语从句翻译技巧

定语从句的翻译方法 根据汉语的表达习惯及对原文的忠实度,翻译这类定语从句可以采用以下几种方法1.1前置合译法( 前滚翻):若定语从句较短,较简单,与名词(先行词)的关系紧密(一般来说,紧密的,为限定性从句;不紧密的,为非限定性从句),限定性定语从句及少部分非限定性从句( 较短且有描述性的非限定),一般将从句提在先行词之前,译成“。。。的” 1)The action it takes at any moment can’t be predicted,and people find that disturbing. 它在任何一个时刻采取的行动都无法预见,这使人们觉得有些乱。 2)I was, to borrow from John Le Carre, the spy who was to stay out in the cold. 借用的话来说(插入语,作状语,译成汉语时,放在句首),我成了一个被打入冷宫的间谍。 3)There will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life. 全世界人民过上幸福生活的那一天(终究)是会到来的。 4)The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。 5)We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome. 给我们留下极深印象的是:(同位语的翻译)即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人,对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。 6)One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork that is not cooked sufficiently may spread a disease called trichinosis. 对禁食猪肉的一种解释是:如果未被煮透的话,猪肉可能会传播一种叫旋毛虫病的疾病。 7)But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. 但更为重要的是,这是科学家们所能观察到的最遥远的过去的景象,因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。(98考研)

外贸英文信函翻译

Unit 2 Exercise III 1. a. you are one of the leading importers of electric appliances in Moscow. b. your company is specialized in the import and export of chemical products. 2. a. establish the long-term business relations with you b. obtain the goods available for export at present 3. a. either copy of the catalogue and quotation of our products b. the pamphlet and price list of various products of our company 4. a. negotiate with you about our cooperation at Guangzhou Trade Fair then b. promote business and enhance the friendship through our joint efforts 5. a. Please refer to Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, Hongkong Branch b. You can rest assured that our business partner, Thompsons Corp. will provide you with the relative information Exercise IV 1. Through your trade delegation who recently paid a visit to our country, we learned that you are well-established importer of Chinese handicrafts. 2. We know from your corporate website that there is very prosperous demand on Chinese canned food in your area. We are specialized in this business and wish to enter into trade relations with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefits. 3. The commodities we are handling consist of the manufactures of the first class wooden floors of this country, and so we are in a good position to serve your customers with the most reliable quality of the line you suggest. 4. In compliance with your requirement, we are enclosing you a set of illustrated catalogue together with the price list for your reference. If you have interest in any of the items listed, please inform us of the specific needs. 5. Thank you in advance for your attention. Upon receipt of your reply, we will make an immediate offer with our pleasure at your service. Unit 3 Exercise III 1. a. send us a complete set of catalogues and sample-cutting book. b. quote us your best price on CIF New York term, discounts allowed. 2. a. you are one of the biggest exporters of textile products in this area. b. you have over 20 years’experience in the line of textile products. 3. a. your immediate attention and quote us for the listed products as soon as possible. b. prompt reply and send us a sample of enquired product. 4. a. the product enquired can be supplied from stock. b. payment by sight L/C is agreeable to us. 5. a. will consider establishing long-term business relations with you. b. will place orders regularly. Exercise IV 1.We are keenly interested in your textile machines. It would be appreciated if you could send us a copy of catalogue and price list. 2. We learn from the Vancouver Chamber of Commerce that you’ve been in the business of exporting vacuum cleaners for many years. Please quote us your lowest price and time of delivery.

外贸英语函电中英翻译

1.cotton piece goods 2.state-operated corporation 3.import and export 4.business lines 5.establish business relations 6.under sparate cover 7.for your reference https://www.360docs.net/doc/224518152.html,mercial Counselor’s Office 9.anticipate/looking forward to 10.the latest catalogue 1.fall within the scope of our business activities 2.sister corporation 3.open an account 4.business background 5.refer to 6.sales representative 7.mail transfer(M/T) 8.light industrial products 9.objective information https://www.360docs.net/doc/224518152.html,modities fair 1.reasonable price 2.execute a contract 3.credit investigation 4.in advance 5.China Textile Import and Export Corporation 6.in confidence 7.illustrated catalogue 8.general idea 9.financial standing 10.reference 1.first enquiry 2.supply sb. with sth. 4.payment terms 5.as requested 6.by separate mail 7.enjoy popularity 8.expand one’s market 1.send…by airmail 2.acquaint sb. with sth. 3.quote sb. a price 4.inclusive of 5.place an order 6.learn with pleasure 7.so as to https://www.360docs.net/doc/224518152.html,petitive and acceptable 棉布业务 国营公司 进口与出口 经营范围 建立业务关系 另函 供你方参考 商务参赞处 盼望 最新的商品目录 属于我们的经营范围 兄弟公司 开立账户 业务背景 咨询、提交、查阅 销售代表 信汇 轻工产品 客观资料 商品交易会 合理的价格 执行订单 信用调查 预先 中国纺织品进出口公司 机密 插图目录 大概了解 财务情况 资信证明人 首次询盘 向某人供应某物 支付方式、支付条款 按照要求 另邮 享有盛誉、畅销 扩大市场 航邮 使某人熟悉某事 向某人报价 包括 订购 很高兴得知 以便、为了 具有竞争性的和可接受的

定语从句翻译和改错练习

定语从句翻译练习 This is the doctor who saved the boy 's life . 这就是救了孩子生命的医生 She is the new stude nt whom I want to in troduce to you . 她就是我要介绍给你的新学生 The first place that we 'll visit is Beijing Library. 我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆 He is the only pers on that is believable. 他是唯一可靠的人。 Please pass me the book which is lyi ng on the table. 请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。 The no vel which Tom bought is very in teresti ng. 汤姆买的小说很有意思。 Can you lend me the magaz ine which you talked about yesterday? 你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗? The bike whose brake was damaged has now bee n repaired. =The bike the tyre of which was damaged has now bee n repaired 那辆坏了轮胎自行车现在已经修好了。 你知道他打算娶你的原因吗? Do you know the reasonfor which he is going to marry you? Do you know the reasonwhy he is going to marry you? 我讨厌我住过的那个旅馆。 I hate the hotelwhere I lived. I hate the hotelin which I lived. 我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天。 I will n ever forget the autu mn whe n I studied and lived with you. I will n ever forget the autu mn in which I studied and lived with you. 他爱了 20年的那个女孩昨天嫁人了。 The girl whom he had bee n in love with for 20 yearsmarried some one yesterday. 她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。 She is the beautiful girl that I have ever see n. 有什么事我能帮你吗? Is there anythin gthat I can do for you? 这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页. This is the pagewhere you can find the an swer. This is the pagewhich you can find the an swer on. 正像老师昨天说的那样,他没有通过考试。 As the teacher told me yesterdayhe didn 't pass the exam.

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