中西姓名差异(英文)
ing occupations and official position as surnames
• Steward –an officer in loyal household(皇家管家） • Marshall（元帅） Butler（男管家） Chambers（贵族管家） • Coward（放牛人） Smith（铁匠） stringer（制绳匠） • Some people would like to use the name of figures or saints in Bible as surnames， such as, Adam, Eva, Clement or Solomen. The color and the name of animals and plants also are used as names.
• Family name + given name
• Names must sound pleasant and attractive;
• Names should carry positive meanings;
English name
Contents
1.The form of English name 2.The origin of English name 3.The presentation of relationship and occupation by surname. • 1.英文名字的形式。 • 2.的起源英文名英文名字的起源。 • 3.介绍关系和职业的姓氏。
例如，姓sheffeild来自于sheffeild公园苏塞克斯县， 从肯特县肯特。有些人用山名，河流或矿泉水作为他们的 姓氏，例如，贝德，悬崖，和格林希尔。这些姓氏意味着 他们的祖先曾经居住的悬崖，河流或山脉。
2.Some of them use the living positions in their villages of their ancestors as their surname. • For instance , Western, Eastern ,and Northern. But if somebody’s surname is West ,East ,North or South, that means he comes from the west ,or east in their country.
• 第三部分是姓或姓，姓。姓是继承了家族。 但当女孩嫁给他们的丈夫，他们会改变他 们的原姓为她们的丈夫的姓。
• In addition to these three parts of name, British also have nickname, petname（昵称、爱称）, and by name(或 称）.
• The second part is middle name second name. This is given by kid’s parent , godfather or god-mother. Not all people have their second
• 第二部分是中间的名字第二个名字。这是 由孩子的父母，教父或教母所给予的。不 是所有的人都有。
1.The surname is named after the name of places, residences or cities.
For example, the surname Sheffeild comes from the Sheffeild Park in Sussex County, Kent comes from Kent County. Some of them use the name of mountain, river or spring water as their surname, such as, Bedwell, Cliff, and Greenhill. These surnames imply that their ancestors once lived by cliffs, rivers or mountains. 1.姓氏命名的地方名称，住所或城市。
• The third part is surname or last name, family name. The family name is inherited from the clan. But when girls marries their husbands, they will changes their former family name into their husband family name.
• 除了这三个部分的名称，英国也有绰 号，小名呀（昵称、爱称），和名字 （或称）。
2.The origin of English name
1.The surname is named after the name of places, residences or cities. 2.Some of them use the living positions in their villages of their ancestors as their surname. ing occupations and official position as surnames
last name
• one's family name or surname • formal used on official occasions among people you don't know well
middled as one's given name • used to distinguish one from another in a famaly in case they share the same fist name • given at random: family members famous people
CHINESE NAME ＆ENGLISH NAME
Chinese name
Chinese name history
• China since ancient times to people‘s names seriously.In Confucius “renownthought influence “(孔 子正名思想), people for generations to bename as to see very sacred（神圣的）, mysterious even.From the Zhou Dynasty, named have been incorporated into the law, form the system.So some time because the name of reason, people will have a great influence on.Some names for the emperor or SOM love, has been with other people do not like preferential treatment; and some people's name because it was considered unlucky, and was treated unfairly.
1.The form of English name
• English name consists of two parts or three parts, name in front of surname. • The first part is Christian name or first name, given name, forename. Generally speaking, every British has Christian name because of their religion. When the kid is born, the parents will take him or her to the church for baptism, which shows the kid becomes a Christian. And then he or she will be given a Christian name. • 英文名称由2部分或三部分，前面的名字姓。 • 第一部分是基督徒的名字或姓名，姓，名。一般来说，每 一个英国名字因为他们的宗教信仰。当孩子出世，父母将 他或她教会的洗礼，这表明孩子成为一个基督徒。然后他 或她将得到一个基督徒的名字。
• 3.使用职业和官职为姓氏 • 一些人喜欢使用的名称或圣人在圣经作为姓氏，例 如，亚当，伊娃，元或solomen。颜色和名字的动物 和植物也被用来作为名字。
That’s all
one's name= the first name + (middle name) + the last name
first name
• given by one's parents at some points after the birth • used among close people
英语名字与中国名字的差异
The difference between Chinese name and English nameHuman names contain abundant cultural information. Chinese and English names contain different cultural information because of their different cultural backgrounds. Now, we will have a simple analyze of the cultural differences by making a comparative study of Chinese, English names in aspects of its construction, meaning and taboos in choosing a name.So I will talk about the difference of Chinese name between English name with you.First of all, let’s see the different construction of the name. As we all know, a integrated name is made of family name and second name. this is same for the Chinese name and English name, but their sequence is different. For example, for a English name, the family name is behind the second name. But for a Chinese name, the family name is before the second name. what’s the reasons for this phenomenon. I have learn some information, for westerner, the people emphasize the individual values relatively, the personal interests is the most important. But in china, the people emphasize more values of family or group than individual. This is the difference of culture, and this is reflected on the name.Furthermore, let’s see the difference of their source and meaning. As we all know, there are five thousand years for china’s history, and before five thousand years, the family name has appeared in china. The peopleusually use something as their family name, such as the place where they live, the sequence of brothers, the colour, the number, the profession, the government post. Now, In china, the most of children will have the same family name with their father. Of course, they can follow mother’s family name, but this is very seldom. It’s also a possible that the child will use a family name which is made of father’s and mother’s. In our class, I think all the students are belong to the first situation except her. Because she is belong to the third situation. But for English family name , they have so many sources, such as the profession(cook, barber), the name of animals and plants(lamb ,rose), the birthplace, and the direction(north),the relation of the family, the material noun(stone), the currency(pound), the building, the season, month, data, weather, colour, the colour of skin, and the feature. Judging from what have been argued above, we can see that there are so many family name for westerner. A famous linguist named wang li have said that in western, somebody has the family name such as big, small, fat, young. That’s so interesting. From this, we can see that the westerners emphasize free, and the Chinese are influenced by tradition culture seriously.At last, let’s see the difference of their taboo in choosing a name. In china, it’s a taboo that younger generation has the same name with eldership, even their names have the homophone. Because the people think that the same name means younger generation doesn’t respecteldership. In general, we won’t have the same name with a historical person, because we think the one won’t have good fortune and thus have a short life. But for the westerner, there are not taboos. They can have the same name with father for meaning that they have good relationship. They can have the same name with died relative for missing. They can have the same name with a king or a famous person for loving. They are so free that they don’t have some taboos.Ok, what I have talked above is the difference between Chinese name and English name, and that reflect the difference of their culture. That’s all. Thanks.。
中英文姓名的差异
中英文姓名的差异【中图分类号】g633.41 【文献标识码】a 【文章编号】2095-3089（2013）24-0-01刚开始学习英语的时候好多老师会给自己的学生取个英文名，而且好多学生也渴望自己能有一个洋气的，意境好的英文名字，在英文词汇量还不是很大的时候，可能就会有一大堆的人是叫做john，mary，bob，paul，joe，jane等等单音节、三四个字母的名字。
随着教育程度的提高，很多人对自己的英文名字不满意开始更换自己的英文名字。
我们的中文名字通常是家里取的，自己没有干涉的权利，只有洋名是我们可以自己决定的。
那么如何取英文名字呢？这也是我们比较头疼的纠结的事。
如果你正在翻烂英语字典给自己找个英文名字，那你可的小心了，别给自己选了一个又土又俗的样名字。
怎样取给好的英文名字呢？我们首先必须了解中英文姓名有哪些不同，这样才不会闹笑话。
首先是中英文名字的结构不同：在中文中我们通常是姓在前名在后，姓名通常是由两部分构成，前一个字为姓，后面的为名，即“姓+名”，当然也有部分的复姓，例如：欧阳奋强，其中欧阳为姓，奋强为名。
后来随着计划生育政策的实行，每个家庭只有一个小孩，有的父母就将两个人的姓合起来给孩子起名，例如：刘耿安龙，李杨丽等，其中刘耿，李杨是父亲和母亲的姓，安龙，丽才是名。
但是英文名字的结构和汉语是相反的，它是名在前姓在后，而且他的名字大多是有三部分构成的，即“教名+自取名+姓”。
如william jafferson clinton。
但在很多场合中间名jafferson往往略去不写，又如george bush就是省略了中间的名子，而且许多人更喜欢用昵称取代正式教名，如bill clinton，bill就是昵称。
上述教名和中间名又称个人名。
现将英语中的个人名、昵称和姓氏介绍如下：一、个人名1.按照英语民族的习俗，一般在婴儿接受洗礼的时候，由牧师或父母亲朋为其取名，称为教名。
以后本人可以在取用第二个名字，排在教名之后。
中西方名字差异英语作文
中西方名字差异英语作文In both Western and Eastern cultures, names hold significant meaning and importance. However, there are distinct differences between the two when it comes to naming conventions. One key difference is the structure of names. Western names typically consist of a first name followed by a last name, while Eastern names are often written with the family name preceding the given name. This difference in structure may lead to confusion for individuals from different cultural backgrounds.在西方和东方文化中，名字都具有重要的意义和价值。
然而，在命名惯例方面，两者之间存在明显的差异。
一个关键的不同之处在于姓名的结构。
西方的名字通常由名字和姓氏组成，而东方的名字则通常以姓氏在前给名字排在后。
这种结构上的差异可能会导致来自不同文化背景的人们产生困惑。
Another difference between Western and Eastern names is the use of middle names. In Western cultures, it is common to have a middle name in addition to a first and last name. This middle name is often used to honor a family member or carry on a family tradition. In contrast, middle names are not as common in Eastern cultures,where individuals typically only have a first and last name. This difference reflects the varying cultural values placed on names and familial ties.西方和东方名字之间的另一个差异是中间名的使用。
关于中西方名字差异英语作文
关于中西方名字差异英语作文In both Chinese and Western cultures, the naming of a person is an important and symbolic act. However, there are significant differences in the way names are chosen and used between these two cultural traditions.In Chinese culture, names often carry deep meanings and are carefully chosen to reflect the parents' aspirations for their children. Family names are passed down through generations, connecting individuals to their ancestors and extended family. Given names are also carefully selected, with consideration given to the balance and harmony of the characters and their pronunciation.In contrast, Western names are often chosen for their aesthetic appeal or personal significance to the parents. While some families may pass down family names, it is not as common or strictly adhered to as in Chinese culture. Givennames are often chosen based on personal preferences or cultural influences.Furthermore, in Chinese culture, it is common for individuals to have a "courtesy name" or "style name" in addition to their given name, adding another layer of complexity to their identity. In Western culture, individuals typically have a first, middle, and last name, with no additional titles or names.Overall, the process and significance of naming in Chinese and Western cultures are distinct, reflecting the values and traditions of each society.。
中文名字和英文名字差异英语作文
中文名字和英文名字差异英语作文Have you ever noticed the interesting differences between Chinese names and English names? 中文名字和英文名字之间的差异是否引起了您的注意呢？In Chinese culture, names are often chosen based on their meanings and the wishes of the parents, while in English-speaking countries, names are often chosen for their sound and aesthetics. 在中国文化中，名字通常是根据其含义和父母的愿望而选择的，而在说英语的国家，名字通常是根据它们的声音和美感而选择的。
This difference in naming conventions leads to some interesting variations in how names are perceived and used in everyday life. 这种命名惯例的差异导致了名字在日常生活中被认知和使用的一些有趣变化。
For example, Chinese names often have deep cultural and historical significance, while English names may be chosen simply because they sound nice. 例如，中文名字通常具有深厚的文化和历史意义，而英文名字可能只是因为听起来好听而选择的。
One of the biggest differences between Chinese and English names is the order in which they are written. 中文名字和英文名字之间最大的区别之一是它们的书写顺序。
中西方名字差异英语作文
中西方名字差异英语作文Names are a fundamental aspect of our identity, often reflecting cultural, familial, and historical influences. In the Western world, names typically consist of a given name followed by a family name. The given name, also known as a first name, is chosen by one's parents and is used in a personal and informal context. The family name, or surname, is inherited and shared with other family members, signifying lineage and heritage.In contrast, the naming convention in many Eastern cultures, particularly in China, is the reverse. The family name precedes the given name. This order emphasizes the value placed on the family and its ancestral roots. For example, in the name 'Zhang Wei,''Zhang' is the family name, while 'Wei' is the given name.The differences in naming conventions between the East and West extend beyond the order of names. In Western cultures, parents may choose names based on a variety of factors including popularity, uniqueness, or the names of family members or famous personalities. It is not uncommon for Western names to have multiple forms, such as diminutives or nicknames, which are used in different contexts. For instance, 'Elizabeth' might be called 'Liz,' 'Beth,' or 'Lizzie' by friends and family.Eastern names, particularly Chinese names, often carry significant meanings and are imbued with the parents' wishes for their child's future. Each character in a Chinese name is chosen for its meaning and the positive attributes it represents. For example, the name 'Li Ming' might translate to 'Beautiful Light,' symbolizing a bright future.Another notable difference is the diversity of surnames. In many Western countries, a relatively small number of surnames are extremely common, such as 'Smith' or 'Jones' in the English-speaking world. In contrast, China has a vast array of surnames, with some being quite rare. This diversity is a testament to the country's long history and the importance of lineage.The process of naming also varies significantly. In the West, there is a trend towards choosing unique and sometimes unconventional names, which can lead to a wide varietyof names within a population. In the East, particularly in China, there is a strong adherence to tradition when selecting a name, and certain names are passed down through generations.When individuals from Eastern cultures interact with Western societies, they may adopt a Westernized version of their name for ease of pronunciation or integration. This practice highlights the adaptability and cross-cultural exchange that names can represent.In conclusion, names serve as a bridge between individual identity and cultural heritage. The differences in naming conventions between the East and West reflect the diverse ways in which societies value individuality, family, tradition, and the meanings imbued in a name. Understanding these differences fosters a deeper appreciation for the cultural nuances that shape our identities and the way we connect with one another. Names, in their own right, are a powerful symbol of the rich tapestry of human culture. 。
中英人名对比
女性英文名的意思﹕英文：中文：來源：涵意：Abigail 艾比蓋希伯來父親很高興Ada 艾達英國快樂的；美麗Adela 愛得拉德國尊貴的；優雅的Adelaide 愛得萊德德國高貴的；高貴階級的Afra 阿芙拉希伯來塵土Agatha 愛葛莎希臘善良而美好的Agnes 愛葛妮絲希臘，拉丁純潔，高雅，貞節Alberta 愛爾柏塔英國高貴顯赫的Alexia 亞莉克希亞希臘幫助Alice 愛麗絲希臘尊貴的，真誠的 (愛做夢的女孩) Alma 愛瑪拉丁，英國真情的、和善的Alva 阿爾娃拉丁白皙的Amanda 阿曼達拉丁值得愛的Amelia 阿蜜莉雅拉丁勤勉的，勞動的Amy 艾咪法國最心愛的人，可愛的Anastasia 安娜塔西雅希臘再度振作起來之人，復活 (有看過電影吧) Andrea 安德莉亞希臘有氣概，美麗而優雅Angela 安琪拉法國天使；報信者，安琪兒Ann 安妮希伯來優雅的，仁慈的上帝Anna 安娜希伯來優雅Annabelle 安娜貝兒希伯來，拉丁美麗的女子；可愛的；和藹可親的Antonia 安東妮兒拉丁，希臘無辭以讚，受尊崇的人April 艾譜莉拉丁春天，大地初醒之時 (春天生的女孩)Arlene 艾琳娜賽爾特誓約、信物Astrid 艾絲翠得丹麥神聖的力量；星星的Athena 雅典娜希臘希臘神話中，智慧、及戰爭的女神，雅典的保護神Audrey 奧德莉法國高貴顯赫的人Aurora 奧蘿拉拉丁黎明女神Barbara 芭芭拉希臘外地來的人，異鄉人；異族人Beatrice 碧翠絲拉丁為人祈福或使人快樂的女孩Belinda 貝琳達德國、義大利有智慧又長壽的人Bella 貝拉拉丁美麗的Belle 貝拉法國美麗的；上帝的誓約；聰明高貴Bernice 柏妮絲希臘帶著勝利訊息來的人Bertha 柏莎條頓聰明、美麗或燦爛的Beryl 百麗兒希臘綠寶石，幸運Bess 貝絲希伯來上帝是誓約Betsy 貝琪希伯來上帝是誓約Betty 貝蒂希伯來上帝是誓約Beverly 貝芙麗英國有海狸的小河Blanche 布蘭琪條頓純潔無暇的；白種人的；白皙美麗的Bblythe 布萊茲英國無憂無慮的；快樂的Bonnie 邦妮拉丁甜美、漂亮、優雅而善良的人Bridget 布麗姬特蓋爾或愛爾蘭強壯，力量Camille 卡蜜拉拉丁好品性的高貴女子Candice 坎蒂絲拉丁熱情，坦誠，純潔的Cara 卡拉義大利朋友；親愛的人Carol 卡蘿法國歡唱，悅耳歡快的歌Caroline 卡洛琳條頓驍勇、剛健和強壯的Catherine 凱瑟琳希臘純潔的人Cathy 凱絲希臘純潔的人Cecilia 圔西莉亞拉丁視力朦朧的人，失明的 (以前有個視障女孩的故事) Celeste 莎莉絲特拉丁最幸福的人，天國的Charlotte 夏洛特法國身體強健女性化的Cherry 綺莉法國仁慈，像櫻桃般紅潤的人Cheryl 綺麗兒法國珍愛的人Chloe 克洛怡希臘青春的，美麗的Christine 克莉絲汀希臘基督的追隨者，門徒Claire 克萊兒拉丁燦爛的；明亮的；聰明的Clara 克萊拉拉丁明亮的；聰明的Constance 康斯坦絲拉丁堅定忠實的人Cora 柯拉希臘處女；少女Coral 卡洛兒希臘，法國珊瑚或贈品，彩石Cornelia 可妮莉雅希臘山茱萸樹Crystal 克莉斯多希臘晶瑩的冰，透明的靈魂，沒有欺瞞Cynthia 辛西亞希臘月亮女神黛安娜的稱號Daisy 黛西英國雛菊Dale 黛兒英國居住在丘陵間之山谷中者Dana 黛娜希伯來來自丹麥的人；神的母親；聰明且純潔的Daphne 黛芙妮希臘神話月桂樹；桂冠 (阿波羅的最愛)Darlene 達蓮娜英國溫柔可愛；體貼地愛Dawn 潼恩英國黎明，喚醒，振作Debby 黛碧希伯來蜜蜂；蜂王Deborah 黛博拉希伯來蜜蜂；蜂王Deirdre 迪得莉蓋爾憂愁的Delia 迪麗雅希臘牧羊女Denise 丹尼絲希臘代表花Diana 黛安娜拉丁光亮如白畫；月亮女神Dinah 黛娜希伯來被評判的人，雅各的女兒Dolores 多洛莉絲拉丁悲傷，痛苦或遺憾Dominic 多明尼卡拉丁屬於上帝的Donna 唐娜拉丁貴婦，淑女，夫人Dora 多拉希臘神的贈禮Doreen 多琳希臘神的贈禮Doris 多莉絲希臘來自大海的；海洋女神Dorothy 桃樂斯希臘上帝的贈禮Eartha 爾莎英國土地或泥土；比喻像大地般堅忍的人Eden 伊甸希伯來聖經中的樂園，歡樂之地Edith 伊蒂絲古英國格鬥；戰爭Edwina 艾德文娜英國有價值的朋友；財產的獲得者Eileen 愛琳蓋爾光亮的，討人喜歡的Elaine 伊蓮恩法國光亮的；年帅的小鹿Eleanore 艾琳諾法國光亮的；多產的，肥沃的，有收穫的Elizabeth 伊莉莎白希伯來上帝的誓約Ella 艾拉條頓火炬Elma 艾爾瑪希臘富愛心的人，親切的Elsa 愛爾莎希臘誠實的Elsie 艾西希伯來，希臘上帝的誓約，誠實的Elva 艾娃斯堪的那維亞神奇且智慧的Elvira 艾薇拉拉丁小精靈，白種人的Emily 艾蜜莉條頓，拉丁勤勉奮發的；有一口響亮圓潤的嗓音之人Emma 艾瑪條頓祖先Enid 伊妮德圔爾特人純潔得毫無瑕庛Erica 艾麗卡條頓有權力的；帝王的；統治者Erin 艾琳蓋爾鑲在海中是的翡翠；和帄，安寧之源Esther 艾絲特希伯來星星Ethel 艾瑟兒英國尊貴的；出身高貴的Eudora 尤朵拉希臘可愛的贈禮，美好的、愉快的Eunice 尤妮絲希臘快樂的勝利Evangeline 伊文捷琳希臘福音的信差，福音；天使Eve 伊芙希伯來生命；賦予生命者生靈之母Evelyn 伊芙琳圔爾特生命；易相處的人；令人愉快的人Faithe 費滋拉丁忠實可信的人Fanny 梵妮法國自由之人Fay 費怡法國忠貞或忠誠；小以女Flora 弗羅拉拉丁花；花之神Florence 弗羅倫絲圔爾特開花的或美麗的Frances 法蘭西斯法國自由之人，無拘束的人Freda 弗莉達德國和帄；領導者Frederica 菲蕾德翠卡條頓和帄的領導者Gabrielle 嘉比里拉希伯來上帝就是力量Gail 蓋爾英國快樂的；唱歌；峽谷Gemma 姬瑪義大利寶石Genevieve 珍妮芙古威爾斯金髮碧眼的人；白種人Georgia 喬治亞希臘農夫Geraldine 嬌拉汀德國強而有力的長矛Gill 姬兒拉丁少女Gladys 葛萊蒂絲威爾斯公主Gloria 葛羅瑞亞拉丁榮耀者，光榮者Grace 葛瑞絲英國，法國，拉丁優雅的。
中文名字和英文名字差异英语作文
中文名字和英文名字差异英语作文The Difference between Chinese Names and English NamesNames play an important role in our lives. They not only identify us but also convey a sense of identity and culture. In many cultures, including Chinese and English, there are distinct differences in the way names are chosen and used.Chinese names are typically composed of two parts: the family name (姓, xìng) and the given name (名, míng). The family name comes first and is passed down from one generation to the next. This is in contrast to English names, where the given name precedes the family name. Chinese family names often carry significant historical and ancestral meanings, with some common ones being Wang (王), Li (李), and Zhang (张).Given names in Chinese are chosen with great care and often have poetic or symbolic meanings. For example, the name 云(yún) means "cloud," conveying a sense of lightness and freedom. Names are sometimes chosen based on the Five Elements (五行, wǔxíng) or the Eight Trigrams (八卦, bāguà) for luck and harmony.In English-speaking countries, names are more diverse and can be chosen based on personal preference, family tradition, orcultural significance. English names may be derived from other languages, have religious connotations, or be inspired by nature. For example, the name Grace conveys elegance and beauty, while the name River symbolizes fluidity and strength.Another key difference between Chinese and English names is the use of titles and honorifics. In Chinese culture, it is common to address someone by their full name followed by a title such as 先生(xiānshēng) for Mr. or 太太(tàitai) for Mrs. This conveys respect and formality in social interactions. In English-speaking countries, titles are less commonly used, with people often being addressed by their first name or a more casual nickname.Overall, while there are similarities in the way names are used in Chinese and English cultures, there are distinct differences in the naming conventions, meanings, and social norms surrounding names. Names are a reflection of our cultural heritage and personal identity, and understanding these differences can deepen our appreciation for the diversity of human expression.。
中英文姓名的文化差异（写写帮整理）
中英文姓名的文化差异（写写帮整理）第一篇：中英文姓名的文化差异（写写帮整理）中英文姓名的文化差异〔摘要〕姓名是一种特殊的语言文化现象,本文从形式、起源、功能等方面对中英(讲英语国家)姓名文化进行比较,总结了中西方姓名几方面的特点,反映出两国社会历史、宗教信仰、文化传统的差异。
〔关键词〕中英文；姓名；文化差异;讲英语国家;姓名是一种符号,它是社会上人们藉以相互区别的标志。
我们每个人自出生起,就会获得一个姓名,从此,姓名就会与我们生死相伴,荣辱与共,有的人用姓名表达愿望,有的人赋予它某种精神,有的人用姓名象征某种事物。
因此,姓名必然打上深刻的文化烙印。
古今中外,由于不同的民族文化、历史、宗教、语言、地理环境等因素的影响,中英姓名既有相似之处,又有着显著差异,对两国姓名文化加以比较,饶有趣味,使人深思。
一、中、英姓名在形式上的差异中国姓名,姓在前,名在后;英语国家姓名,名在前,姓在后。
比如,中国人的姓名:王健(姓+ 名);英国人的姓名:LindaJones(名+ 姓,林达·琼斯)。
其实,这种差异有它本质原因;在中国,姓氏的起源先于名字的产生;而在英国名字的产生则先于姓。
二、中国的姓与英语国家的姓在词义、起源、来源等方面的比较(一)姓在两种语言中的词义许慎《说文解字》载:姓“, 人所生也。
⋯⋯从女,从生。
”〔1〕由此可见“, 姓”的起源跟女子生育有关,同一母亲所生的后代有相同的姓。
据说,在中国从伏羲氏就开始正姓氏,别婚姻。
那时,姓是一个部族的族号或标记,代表的是母氏血统,它是标志家族系统的称号。
比如,尧、舜、禹等。
从上古时代,部族或人都以姓为标志符号,此时没有名字。
姓在英语中的意义,英语中的“姓”为“surname ”即“名字之上的(名字)”。
在法语、德语、罗马语、拉丁语等西方语言中,姓均表示“家的名字”,从这些词义我们可以看出,“姓”或者从它与家族的关系出发来定义;或者描述它同名字的关系,并不强调家族血缘关系。
英汉语言中名字的差异
—浅 异
2007级 材料化学
中西文化中姓名的异同
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Origin of English first names
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Origin of Chinese first names
为 Eg：孔：出于子姓。周武王封商微子于宋，微于后由其弟 Eg： 出于子姓。周武王封商微子于宋， 仲衍继承封地。仲衍后为弗父何，其字孔父。 仲衍继承封地。仲衍后为弗父何，其字孔父。孔父的儿 子以父字中的“ 子以父字中的“孔”为姓氏。 为姓氏。 为 Eg：吴：出于姬姓。周武王封钟雍的曾孙于吴（江苏苏州 Eg： 出于姬姓。周武王封钟雍的曾孙于吴（ 一带），建立吴国。其后代以国名为姓氏。 ），建立吴国 一带），建立吴国。其后代以国名为姓氏。 官职为 官职为 Eg： 马：是上古时代官名，军事长官，传说尧、舜时已 Eg： 是上古时代官名，军事长官，传说尧、 曾为官司马的人的后代，就以司马官职名为姓。 设，曾为官司马的人的后代，就以司马官职名为姓。
继 (patronymic) Eg: Thomas Wilson O’Hara 职业性(occupational) 职业性(occupational) Eg: Smith Miller Shakespeare 描述性(descriptive) 描述性(descriptive) Eg : Owen Kennedy Hall 头衔/ 爵位性(titular) 头衔/ 爵位性(titular) Eg：Rice Spencer Eg： object） 实 （object） Eg：Stone Bush Rose Eg：