英语句子成分分析
英语句子成分分析必备(超实用)
句子成分分析一、主语主语是放在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分。
一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句充当。
【一般放在句首】1、English is very important.（英语是很重要的）2、A tree has fallen across the road.（一棵树倒下横在马路上）3、Little streams feed big rivers (小河流入大江)1、You’re not far wrong.（你差不多对了）2、He told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话，但没有引人发笑)3、They go to school by bus.（他们乘公共汽车去上学）4、Most of the students come from the countryside.（大多数的学生来自农村）1、Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. (看太多的电视对你的眼睛有害的)2、It’s no use regretting it.（后悔是没有用的）3、Smoking is bad for you. (吸烟对你有害)4、To see is to believe.（眼见为实/百闻不如一见）5、It is very hard to get to sleep.（入睡很难。
）6、To find your way can be a problem.（你能否找到路可能是一个问题。
）7、It would be nice to see him again. （如能见到他，那将是一件愉快的事。
）1、Three is enough. (三个就够了)2、Four from seven leaves three.（7减4还剩3）1、Whenever you are ready will be fine. （你无论什么时候准备好都行。
）2、Because Sally wants to leaves doesn’t mean that we have to.（不能说萨利要走因而我们也得走。
英语句子成分分析
代词作主语
• They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 • Most of the students come from the countryside. 大多数 学生来自农村。
动名词作主语
• Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对 你的眼睛是有害的。 • It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。
表语
• 表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结 构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般 由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不 定式、分词等充当。如：
• They are brother and sister. 他们是兄妹。 • What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这 点。 • Her father is sixty-five. 她父亲65岁。
• Would you like something to drink? 你想要些喝 的东西吗？ • A barking dog seldom bites. 吠狗很少咬人。 • A man going to die is always kind-hearted. 人之 将死，其言也善。 • The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. 送往委员会的建议被采纳了。 • Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green? 你认识站在格林先生旁边的那个人吗？
• Why don’t you have your hair cut? 你为什么不理 发? • He had his finger cut. 他的手指弄伤了。 • I had my watch stolen yesterday. 我的表昨天被 人偷去了。 • I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做。 • She has plenty of clothes to wear. 她有足够的衣 服穿。 • He made me repeat the story. 他要我把那事重讲 一遍。 • Rain makes plants grow. 雨水使植物生长。
英语句子成分分析
句子成分句子成分：组成句子各个部分叫句子成分。
包括主语，谓语，表语，宾语，定语，状语，宾语补足语，同位语，插入语。
一、主语(subject)：表示动作的发出者或执行者，由名词，代词，数词，动名词，不定式，the +adj.充当。
一般位于句首，在there be句型，疑问句和倒装句中主语放在动词，助动词，情态动词之后。
The boy comes from America. (n.)She often helps others. (pron. )This is an English book. (pron.)Two and two is four. (数词)Taking exercise is good for our health. (动名词)To be a doctor is my dream. (不定式)It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）The rich should help the poor. ( the+adj. )Where do you come from? （疑问句）Do you have any brothers? （疑问句）There are many people in the supermarket. (倒装句)Here comes the bus. (倒装句)二、谓语(predicate)：表示主语的动作，行为或状态，由动词或动词短语充当。
谓语动词和主语必须保持人称和数的一致。
在一个单句里，没有连词的情况下只能出现一个动词作谓语。
系动词(be, look, sound, taste, smell, fell等)行为动词及物动词，接宾语动词不及物动词，不接宾语(加介词后可带宾语)情态动词不单独作谓语，必须和动词原形连用助动词不单独作谓语，和动词一起构成疑问或否定句1.简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
英语语法句子成分分析
知识精讲二、细讲：主语表现形式例句三、谓语四、表语五.宾语1.宾语的分类六、定语巧学妙计：一般来说，单个形容词、分词、代词、数词或名词作为定于位于被修饰的名词的前面，叫做“前置定语”；副词、介词短语、形容词短语、分词短语、不定式（短语）和定语从句作定语位于被修饰的名词的后面，叫做“后置定语”。
七、状语1. 状语的分类八、补语九、同位语练习与巩固一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.二、分析下列句子成分1. Our school is not far from my home.2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you3. All of us considered him honest.4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.5. He broke a piece of glass.6.He made it clear that he would leave the city．7. ---I love you more than her，child ．8. Tees turn green when spring comes.9. They pushed the door open.10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.三.划分句子成分练习1.They are working on the farm now.2.Seeing is believing3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much4.She became a doctor in 19985.The book lying on the floor are mine6.Suddenly it begins to rain7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday8.I always find her happy9.He wonders If I still study English10.The letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend of mine11.We always work hard at English.12.He said he didn't come.13.She watched her daughter playing the piano.14.Speaking doesn't mean doing.15.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.16.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.17.It takes me an hour to get there.四、选择填空：( )1. ____ will leave for Beijing.A. Now there the manB. The man here nowC. The man who is here nowD. The man is here now( ) 2. The weather ____.A. wet and coldB. is wet and coldC. not wet and coldD. were wet and cold ( ) 3. The apple tasted ____.A. sweetsB. sweetlyC. nicelyD. sweet( ) 4. He got up ____ yesterday morning.A. latelyB. lateC. latestD. latter( )5. The actor ______at the age of 70.A. deadB. diedC. dyedD. deaded学习好资料欢迎下载( )6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.A. We, usB. Us, weC. We, ourD. We, we( )7. He found the street much ______.A. crowdB. crowdingC. crowdedD. crowdedly ( ) 8.I think _____necessary to learn English well.A. itsB. itC. thatD. that is( ) 9. The dog ____ mad.A. looksB. is lookedC. is being lookedD. was looked ( )10.I will never forget the day ______ I joined the army.A.thatB. whenC. in whichD. Where四、1~5 CBDBB 6~10 ACBAB。
英语句子成分分析
英语句子成分分析英语句子成分分析是语法研究的重要内容之一。
它主要通过对英语句子的结构和语义进行分析，来揭示句子中各个成分之间的关系和作用。
下面我将为您详细阐述英语句子成分分析的相关知识。
一、名词短语（Noun Phrase）名词短语是由名词充当中心词，再加上其他修饰词来构成的短语。
名词短语可以作为句子的主语、宾语、补语等。
1. 主语（Subject）主语通常是句子的中心成分，它指出动作的执行者或者是表达状态的主体。
例句：The cat is sleeping.翻译：猫正在睡觉。
2. 宾语（Object）宾语是句子中受到动作影响的对象，它常跟在动词之后。
例句：I like apples.翻译：我喜欢苹果。
3. 补语（Complement）补语是用来补充说明主语或宾语的信息，起到对主谓关系进行补充和修饰的作用。
例句：She is a teacher.翻译：她是一位老师。
二、动词短语（Verb Phrase）动词短语是以动词为核心，并包含了与之相关的其他成分，如副词、介词短语等。
1. 谓语动词（Predicate Verb）谓语动词是句子中的核心成分，它直接说明主语的动作或状态。
例句：He is running.翻译：他正在跑步。
2. 直接宾语（Direct Object）直接宾语是跟在及物动词后面，指出受到动作影响的对象。
例句：She loves flowers.翻译：她喜欢花。
3. 间接宾语（Indirect Object）间接宾语是在及物动词之后，介词之前，用来指示动作的对象。
例句：He gave me a book.翻译：他给了我一本书。
三、形容词短语（Adjective Phrase）形容词短语是由形容词作为中心词，并可以加上其他修饰词来修饰名词或代词。
例句：The tall girl is my sister.翻译：那个高个子的女孩是我的姐姐。
四、副词短语（Adverb Phrase）副词短语是由副词作为中心词，并可以有其他修饰词来修饰动词、形容词或副词。
英语句子成分分析
句子成分和结构是英语的基础，是理解和表达英语的关键。
英语中许多词类都对句子成分和结构有影响。
英语中的句子是由词或短语组成的，这些词或短语在句子中起一定的作用，叫做句子成分。
英语的篇章是由句子构成的，不同的内容需要不同类型的句式结构，这些句式结构又构成英语中不同的句子类型。
学习英语句法的基础是了解句子成分、句子的基本结构和句子种类。
在英文中句子成分包括：直接宾语、间接宾语等。
：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的或。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它( 1 ) Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)( 2 ) He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)( 3 ) Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)( 4 ) To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. (不定式作主语)( 5 ) What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)：指出下例句中主语的中心词。
11).The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.2).There is an old man coming here.3).The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.4).To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.说明主语或。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词) 和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它如： His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)：选出句中谓语的中心词。
英语句子成分分析说明
英语句子成分分析说明英语句子由不同的成分组成，每个成分在句子中承担不同的语法功能。
以下是常见的英语句子成分及其功能的说明：1. 主语（Subject）：句子中执行动作的人或事物，通常是名词、代词或名词性短语。
例如，在句子 "She is studying." 中， "She" 是主语。
2. 谓语（Predicate）：句子中描述主语动作或状态的部分，通常是动词或动词短语。
例如，在句子 "She is studying." 中， "is studying" 是谓语。
3. 宾语（Object）：句子中受到动作影响的人或事物，通常是名词、代词或名词性短语。
例如，在句子 "She is studying English." 中，"English" 是宾语。
5. 定语（Adjective）：句子中用来修饰名词或代词的词或短语，通常是形容词或形容词短语。
例如，在句子 "The red car is fast." 中，"red" 是定语。
6. 状语（Adverb）：句子中用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的成分，通常是副词或副词短语。
例如，在句子 "He runs quickly." 中，"quickly" 是状语。
7. 同位语（Appositive）：句子中用来解释或说明名词或代词的成分，通常是同位语从句、名词短语或动名词短语。
例如，在句子 "My uncle, a doctor, visited us." 中， "a doctor" 就是同位语。
8. 表语（Predicative）：句子中用来说明主语的状态、性质或身份的成分，通常是形容词、名词或名词性短语。
例如，在句子 "She is tall." 中， "tall" 是表语。
英语句子成分详细分析
一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。
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英语中有一类词叫系动词,与系动词连用的叫 系表结构,说明主语的状态,性质等.
❖1. I am _a_t_ea_c_h_e_r._ ❖2. They are _on__th_e_p_l_a_yg_r_o_u_nd_._ ❖3. My job is _te_a_c_hi_n_g_E_n_g_li_sh_. ❖4. It gets _co_l_d. ❖5. It sounds i_n_te_r_es_t_in_g_.
younger sister.
词组
❖5. The lady _w_h_o__is__w_e_a_r_i_n_g_r_ed _d_re_s_s is our new teacher. 从句
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❖1. The shortest distance b__e_tw__e_e_n _tw__o_p_o_i_n_t_s is a straight line.
句子结构
主+系+表
主+不及物动词
主+谓+宾
主+及物动词+宾语
主+及物动词+间宾+直宾
主+及物动词+宾语+宾4补
主语(Subject)是全句谈论的中心话题
❖1. _M_r._C_h_e_n_is a well-known scientist. 名词 ❖2. _H_e_works very hard at school 代词 ❖3. T_o_g_o__to_a__g_o_od__u_n_iv_e_rs_it_y is his first
❖2. We didn’t meet anybody n_e_w_ at the meeting.
❖3. The boy, t_ir_e_d_,_h_u_n_g_r_y__a_n_d_t_h_irsty, _fe_l_l _d_own on the beach.
❖4. He is a man s_u_it_a_b_l_e_f_o_r_t_h_e_j_ob.
book. ❖3. He c_a_n_s_p__e_ak English. ❖4. She s_e_e_m_s tired.
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宾语(object)是动作的对象,目标 ;位于及物动词后.
❖1. She is doing _h_e_r _h_o_m__e_w_o_r_k_now. ❖2. We love watching f_o_o_tb__a_ll_g_a_m__es.
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英语中那些成分可以充当宾语
❖1. We often help_h_im_ . 代词 ❖2. He likes to play__b_as_k_e_t_b_all.名词 ❖3. We enjoy_li_s_te_n_in_g__to__th_e__m_u_s_ic动. 名词 ❖4. She said _th_a_t_h_e_f_e_lt_s_i_ck.从句 ❖5. They are talking a_b_o_u_t_t_h_e_n_e_w_
语则说明 动词何如何.
❖1. We _o_ft_e_n help him. ❖2. I r_e_a_ll_y don’t like the food. ❖3. He did his homework c_a_re_f_u_l_ly ❖a_t_h_o_m__e. ❖4.Her mother goes _o_u_t _to__d_o__s_o_m_e___
常见的系动词有be 动词,有get ,become, turn, grow 等表 “变得”的词, 和感观动词(除了sound你还能举例吗?)
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❖常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起 来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持， 仍是）, feel（感觉）
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定语是用来说名名词或代词性质特点的词
❖1. The _b_la_c_k bike is mine. 单词 ❖2. She is a c_h_e_m_i_s_t_ry teacher. 单词
❖3. The man i_n_b__lu_e is my brother. 词组
❖4. The girl p_la_y_i_n_g__th_e__p_ia_no is my
_s_tu_d_e_n_t.__
注意:位于介词之后的成分也被称之 为宾语.
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宾语补足语是对宾语进行补充说明 宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语 ❖1. They elected Jo_h_n_m__o_nitor. ❖2. We call him _Ir_o_n_O_x_. ❖3. The doctor told me _to__d_o_m_o_r_e_e_x_e_r_cise. ❖4. They made her _h_ap_p_y_. ❖5. He is going to have hair_c_u_t.__ ❖6. They saw a bird _fl_y_in_g_i_n_t_h_e_s_k_y.
goal. 不定式 ❖4. D_o_i_n_g_m_o_r_n_in_g_e_x_e_rc_is_e_is good for your
health. 动名词
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谓语(Predicate) 是回答主语做什么,怎么了尾于主语后
❖1. We l_o_v_e China. ❖2. We_h_a_v_e__f_in_i_s_h_e_d reading this
句子种类
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
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句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词2
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad bo3y.