南京市2020年鼓楼区一模试题(含答案).
2020年南京鼓楼一模语文卷
2020年南京鼓楼一模语文卷1.请用正楷或行楷将下面的句子抄写在方格中。
（3分）恰同学少年，风华正茂。
2.用诗文原句填空。
（6分）（1）儿童散学归来早，忙趁东风放纸鸢。
（高鼎《村居》）（2）河流大野犹嫌束，山入潼关不解平。
（谭嗣同《潼关》）（3）少年不识愁滋味，爱上层楼。
（辛弃疾《丑奴儿·书博山道中壁》）（4）黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。
（陶渊明《桃花源记》）（5）古诗文中还有不少与少年儿童有关的句子，请再默写两句。
（本试卷中出现的诗句除外）最喜小儿无赖，溪头卧剥莲蓬/爱上层楼，为赋新词强说愁/儿童相见不相识，笑问客从何处来/借问酒家何处有，牧童遥指杏花村/牧童骑黄牛，歌声振林樾/少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲/南村群童欺我老无力，忍能对面为盗贼/始龀，跳往助之（一）阅读下面文章，完成3-6题。
（17分）船苏童到常熟去的客船每天早晨经过我家窗外的河道，是轮船公司的船，所以船只用蓝色和白色的油漆分成两个部分，客舱的白色和船体的蓝色泾渭分明，使那条船显得气宇轩昂。
每天从河道里经过无数的船，我最喜欢的就是去常熟的客船，我曾经在美术本上画过那艘轮船，美术老师看见那份美术作业，很吃惊，说，没想到你画船能画得这么好。
孩提时代的一切都是易于解释的，孩子们的涂鸦往往在无意中表露了他的挚爱，而我对船舶的喜爱甚至一直延续到了今天。
我记忆中的苏州内河水道是洁净而明亮的，六七十年代经济迟滞不动，我家乡的河水却每天都在流动，流动的河水中经过了无数驶向常熟太仓或昆山的船。
最常见的是运货的驳船队，七八条驳船拴接在一起，被一条火轮牵引着，突突地向前行驶，我能清晰地看见火轮上正在下棋的两个工人，看见前驳船上的一对对夫妇和他们的孩子，让我关注的就是驳船上的那一个个家，一个个年龄与我相仿的孩子。
这种处于漂浮和行进中的生活在我眼里是一种神秘的诱惑。
我热zhōng于对船的观察或许隐藏了一个难以表露的动机，这与母亲的一句随意的玩笑有关，我不记得那时候我有多大，也不知道母亲是在何种情况下说了这句话，她说，你不是我生的，你是从船上抱来的。
南京市2020年鼓楼区一模试题(含答案)培训资料
南京市2020年鼓楼区一模试题(含答案)鼓楼区2020年模拟考试数学注意事项：1．本试卷共6页．全卷满分120分．考试时间为120分钟．考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效．2．请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上．3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效．4．作图必须用2B铅笔作答，并请加黑加粗，描写清楚．一、选择题（本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分．在每小题所给出的四个选项中，恰有一项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题．．卡．相应位置．．．．上）1．“鼓楼e学校—停课不停学在线课堂”在此次疫情期间为全国师生提供鼓楼教育的“云服务”，课程日均访问量达1200000．用科学记数法表示1200000是A．0.12×106 B．1.2×107 C．1.2×106 D．12×1052．4表示4的A．平方B．平方根C．算术平方根D．立方根3．数轴上，点A、B分别表示－1、7，则线段AB的中点C表示的数是A．2B．3C．4D．54．已知5≤a≤7，4≤b≤6，则a＋b的整数部分可以是A．9B．10C．11D．125．某班37名同学中只有1位同学身高是165cm．若除甲、乙外其余35名同学身高的平均数和中位数都是165cm，则该班37名同学身高的平均数a和中位数b（单位：cm），不可能是A．a＞165，b＝165B．a＜165，b＝165C．a＜165，b＝164D．a＝165，b＝1666． 如图， A 、B 两地相距a m ，它们之间有一半径为r 的圆形绿地（r ＜a2），绿地圆心位于AB 连线的中点O 处，分别过A 、B 作⊙O 的切线相交于C ，切点分别为D 、E ．现规划两条驾车路径：①B →E →C →D →A ； ②B →E →（沿⌒ED ）→D →A ，则下列说法正确的是 A ．①较长 B ．②较长 C ．①②一样长 D ．以上皆有可能二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分．不需写出解答过程，请把答案直接填写在答题卡相应位置．．．．．．．上） 7．写出一个数，使这个数等于它的倒数： ▲ ．8．若式子x －1在实数范围内有意义，则x 的取值范围是 ▲ ． 9．计算32＋12的结果是 ▲ ．10．方程2x －3＝3x 的解是 ▲ ． 11．已知方程2x 2＋4x －3＝0的两根分别为x 1、x 2，则x 1＋x 2＝ ▲ ，x 1x 2＝ ▲ ．12．数据2，3，2，3，5的方差是 ▲ ．13．若正比例函数y ＝k 1x 的图像与反比例函数y ＝k 2x 的图像都经过点（2，3），则k 1x ＝k 2x 的 解是 ▲ ．14． 如图，O 是正五边形ABCDE 的中心，连接BD 、OD ，则∠BDO ＝ ▲ °． 15． 如图，BC 是⊙O 的切线，D 是切点．连接BO 并延长，交⊙O 于E 、A ，过A 作AC ⊥BC ，垂足为C ．若BD ＝8，BE ＝4，则AC ＝ ▲ ．（第6题）16．用若干个相同的小正方体搭一个几何体，该几何体的主视图、俯视图如图所示．若小正方体的棱长为1，则搭成的几何体的表面积是 ▲ ． 三、解答题（本大题共11小题，共88分．请在答题卡指定区域．．．．．．．内作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤） 17．（7分）计算a a －1 ＋ 3a －1 1－a 2 ．18．（7分）（1）解不等式5x ＋2≥3(x －1)，并把它的解集在数轴上表示出来．（2）写出一个实数k ，使得不等式x ＜k 和（1）中的不等式组成的不等式组恰有3个整数解．123（第18题）－3 －2 －1（第14题）ABCDOE（第15题）主视图俯视图 （第16题）•19．（7分）如图，已知AB ∥CD ，直线EF 分别交直线AB 、CD 于点G 、H ，GI 、HI 分别平分∠BGH 、∠GHD ．（1）求证GI ⊥HI ．（2）请用文字概括（1）所证明的命题： ▲ ．20．（8分）下面是某区1 500名小学生和初中生的视力情况和他们每节课课间户外活动平均时长的统计图．（1）根据图1，计算该区1 500名学生的近视率；ABCDEFGHI （第19题）0~2分钟2~4分钟 4~6分钟 6~8分钟 8分钟以上 图3 某区1 500名小学生和初中生每节课课间户外活动平均时长分布统计图 图1 某区1 500名小学生和初中生近视情况条形统计图人 数 人数图2 某区1 500名小学生和初中生各年级近视率折线统计图 人 数人数（2）根据图2，从两个不同的角度描述该区1 500名学生各年级近视率的变化趋势；（3）根据图1、图2、图3，描述该区1 500名学生近视率和所在学段（小学、初中）、每节课课间户外活动平均时长的关系．21．（8分）（1）不透明的袋子A 中装有红球1个、白球1个，不透明的袋子B 中装有红球1个、白球2个，这些球除颜色外无其他差别．分别从两个袋子中随机摸出一个球，求摸出的两个球颜色不同的概率；（2）甲、乙两人解同一道数学题，甲正确的概率为13，乙正确的概率为14，则甲乙恰有一人正确的概率是 ▲ ．22．（8分）点E 、F 分别是菱形ABCD 边BC 、CD 上的点． （1）如图，若CE ＝CF ，求证AE ＝AF ；（2）判断命题“若AE ＝AF ，则CE ＝CF ”的真假．若真，请证明；若假，请在备用图上画出反例．23．（8分）某工厂生产A 、B 、C 三种产品，这三种产品的生产数量均为x 件．（第22题）A BC D E F（备用图）A BCD它们的单件成本和固定成本如下表：（注：总成本＝单件成本×生产数量＋固定成本）（1）若产品A 的总成本为y A ，则y A 关于x 的函数表达式为 ▲ ． （2）当x ＝1 000时，产品A 、B 的总成本相同．①求a ；②当x ≤2 000时，产品C 的总成本最低，求b 的取值范围．24．（8分）如图，△ABC 内接于⊙O ，∠BAC ＝45°，AD ⊥BC ，垂足为D ，BD＝6，DC ＝4． （1）求⊙O 的半径； （2）求AD 的长．25．（8分）如图，用一个平面去截正方体ABCDEFGH ，得到了三棱锥S －DPQ ．若∠SPD ＝45°，∠SQD ＝37°，PQ ＝1，求SD 的长．24题）（参考数据：sin37°≈0.6，cos37°≈0.8，tan37°≈0.75．）26．（10分）已知y 是x 的二次函数，该函数的图像经过点A （0，5）、B （1，2）、C （3，2）．（1）求该二次函数的表达式，画出它的大致图像并标注顶点及其坐标； （2）结合图像，回答下列问题：①当1≤x ≤4时，y 的取值范围是 ▲ ；②当m ≤x ≤m ＋3时，求y 的最大值（用含m 的代数式表示）； ③是否存在实数m 、n （m ≠n ），使得当m ≤x ≤n 时，m ≤y ≤n ？若存在，请求出m 、n ；若不存在，请说明理由．27．（9分）如图，已知矩形纸片ABCD ．怎样折叠，能使边AB 被三等分？（第25题）DSPQA BCD以下是小红的研究过程．①②③（1）整理小红的研究过程，说明AN＝NQ＝QB；（2）用一种与小红不同的方法折叠，使边AB被三等分．（需简述折叠方法并画出示意图）鼓楼区2019-2020学年度第二学期调研测试卷九年级数学参考答案及评分标准说明：本评分标准每题给出了一种解法供参考，如果考生的解法与本解答不同，参照本评分标准的精神给分．一、选择题（本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分．）二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分．）7．1 （答案不唯一） 8．x ≥0 9．2 2 10．x ＝9 11．－2，－32 12．65 13．x 1＝2，x 2＝－2． 14．18° 15．485 16．28或30 三、解答题（本大题共11小题，共88分．）17．（本题7分）解：a a －1 ＋ 3a －11－a 2＝a a －1 － 3a －1a 2－1＝aa －1－3a －1(a －1)(a ＋1)＝a (a ＋1)－(3a －1)(a －1)(a ＋1)＝a 2＋a －3a ＋1(a －1)(a ＋1)＝(a －1)2(a －1)(a ＋1)＝a －1a ＋1． ................................................................................................. 7分18．（本题7分）（1）解：去括号，得5x ＋2≥3x －3．移项，得5x －3x ≥－3－2． 合并同类项，得2x ≥－5．系数化为1，得x ≥－52． ..................................................................... 3分这个不等式的解集在数轴上表示如下图所示．......................................... 5分（2）答案不唯一，例如k ＝1． .................................................................. 7分19．（本题7分） （1）证明：∵ AB ∥CD ， ∴ ∠BGH ＋∠GHD ＝180°．∵ GI 、HI 分别平分∠BGH 、∠GHD ，∴ ∠HGI ＝12∠BGH ，∠GHI ＝12∠GHD ．∴ ∠HGI ＋∠GHI ＝12∠BGH ＋12∠GHD ＝12(∠BGH ＋∠GHD )＝12×180°＝90°．∴ ∠I ＝90°．∴ GI ⊥HI ． ......................................................................................................... 5分 （2）两平行直线被第三条直线所截得的一对同旁内角的角平分线互相垂直．7分20．（本题8分）（1）360＋420900＋600＝7801500＝0.52，0.52×100%＝52%．答：该区1 500名学生的近视率为52%． .......................................................... 2分 （2）答案不唯一，例如：从该区1 500名学生各年级近视率折线统计图可以看出，学生年级越高，近视率也越高，其中从二年级到三年级以及从四年级到六年级学生近视率增长较快，从三年级到四年级以及从七年级到九年级学生近视率增长较慢． ..................... 5分 （3）答案不唯一，例如：从该区1 500名小学生和初中生的课间户外活动时长分布统计图可以看出，初中生约8成学生课间户外活动时长不超过6分钟，小学生只有约6成．该区600名－52初中学生近视率为420600×100%＝70%，900名小学生近视率为360900×100%＝40%，结合（2）可以看出，相对于小学生，初中学生课间户外活动时长偏少的比例较大，近视率也较高；................................................................................................................................. 8分21．（本题8分）解：（1）记袋子A 中的球为红1、白1，记袋子B 中的球为红2、白2、白3．可能结果如下：（红1，红2），（红1，白2），（红1，白3）， （白1，红2），（白1，白2），（白1，白3）． 所有可能的结果共6种，它们出现的可能性相同，其中“摸出的两个球颜色不同”（记为事件C ）包含其中3种结果．所以P (C )＝12． .............................................................................................. 6分 （2）512． ............................................................................................................... 8分22．（本题8分）证明：（1）∵ 四边形ABCD 是菱形， ∴ AB ＝AD ，CB ＝CD ，∠B ＝∠D ． ∵ CE ＝CF ，∴ CB －CE ＝CD －CF ，即BE ＝DF ． ∴ △ABE ≌△ADF ． ∴ AE ＝AF ．................................................................................................................................. 5分 （2）假命题，反例如图． ................................................................................... 8分A BCDEF23．（本题8分）解：（1）y ＝0.1x ＋1 100； .................................................................................. 2分（2）①依题意，0.1×1 000＋1 100＝0.8×1 000＋a解得， a ＝400； ............................................................................................ 5分②0.1×2 000＋1 100＝2 000b ＋200 解得， b ＝0.55；由图，若生产数量不超过2 000件时， 产品C 的总成本最低，则0＜b ≤0.55．..................................................................................................................... 8分24．（本题8分）解：（1）如图，连接OB 、O C ． ∵ ∠BAC ＝45°， ∴ ∠BOC ＝90°．∵ BD ＝6，DC ＝4，∴ BC ＝BD ＋DC ＝6＋4＝10． ∵ ∠BOC ＝90°，OB ＝OC ， ∴ OB 2＋BC 2＝2OB 2＝BC 2＝100． ∴ OB ＝52．∴ ⊙O 的半径为52． ....................................................................................... 4分（第24题）（2）连接OA ，分别过O 作OG ⊥BC ，OH ⊥AD ，垂足为G 、H ． ∴ BG ＝GC ＝12BC ＝5．∴ OG ＝12BC ＝5．∴ GD ＝BD －BG ＝6－5＝1． 易得，四边形OGDH 是矩形， ∴ HD ＝OG ＝5 ，OH ＝GD ＝1． ∴ OA ＝52，AH ＝OA 2－OH 2＝7 ． ∴ AD ＝AH ＋HD ＝7＋5＝12．答：AD ＝12． ........................................................................................................ 8分25．（本题8分）如图，设SD ＝x ．在△SDQ 中，∠SDQ ＝90°，则tan ∠SQD ＝ SDDQ ．∴ DQ ＝x tan37°．在△SDP 中，∠SDP ＝90°，则tan ∠SPD ＝ SD DP ．∴ DP ＝x tan45°＝x ． 在△PDQ 中，∠PDQ ＝90°，∴ DP 2＋DQ 2＝PQ 2，即x 2＋(x tan37°)2＝12， 解得x ＝0.6．答：SD ＝0.6． ........................................................................................... 8分26．（本题10分）解：（1）设二次函数关系式为y ＝ax 2＋bx ＋c ，二次函数的图像经过点A （0，5），所以c ＝5． 把x ＝1，y ＝2和x ＝3，y ＝2代入y ＝ax 2＋bx ＋5解得⎩⎨⎧a ＝1，b ＝－4．所以，该二次函数关系式为y ＝x 2－4x ＋5．分y ＝x 2－4x ＋5＝(x －2)2＋1，顶点坐标为（2，1），大致图像如图所示．................................................................................................................................. 4分 （2）①1≤y ≤5； ................................................................................................. 5分 ②根据图像，当m ＝12时，m ＋3＝72，此时y 的最大值是134 ； 当m ＜12时，y 的最大值是m 2－4m ＋5；当m ＞12时，y 的最大值是(m ＋3)2－4(m ＋3)＋5＝m 2＋2m ＋2． ..................... 8分③根据图像，若当m ≤x ≤n 时，m ≤y ≤n ， 则⎩⎨⎧m 2－4m ＋5＝m ，①n 2－4n ＋5＝n ．②或者⎩⎨⎧m 2－4m ＋5＝n ，①n 2－4n ＋5＝m ．② 对于⎩⎨⎧m 2－4m ＋5＝m ，①n 2－4n ＋5＝n ．②，解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＝5－52，n ＝5＋52．，结合图像，当5－52≤x ≤5＋52时，1≤y ≤5＋52，而当1≤x ≤5＋52时，1≤y ≤5＋52，所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＝1，n ＝5＋52．对于⎩⎨⎧m 2－4m ＋5＝n ，①n 2－4n ＋5＝m ．②，①－②，得m 2－n 2－4m ＋4n ＝n －m ．整理，得m 2－n 2－3m ＋3n ＝0． 因式分解，得(m －n ) (m ＋n －3)＝0． 因为m ≠n ，所以m ＋n －3＝0，即m ＝3－n ．把m ＝3－n 代入n 2－4n ＋5＝m ，解得⎩⎨⎧m ＝1，n ＝2．或者⎩⎨⎧m ＝2，n ＝1．(舍) 综上，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＝1，n ＝5＋52．或 ⎩⎨⎧m ＝1，n ＝2．． .................................................................... 10分27．（本题9分）（1）证明：由折叠，DF ＝FE ＝EG ＝GB ， ∴ DF BF ＝BG GD ＝13 . ∵ DC ∥AB ，∴ △DFM ∽△BFA ，△BGQ ∽△DG C ． ∴ DM BA ＝DF BF ＝13；BQ DC ＝BG DG ＝13． 由折叠易得，四边形ANMD 是矩形，AN ＝DM ＝13AB ，BQ ＝13DC ＝13AB ，∴ AN ＝NQ ＝QB ． ............................................................................................. 4分 （2）答案不唯一，例如：如图，①对折纸片，使A 、B 分别落在AD 、BC 上的G 、H 处，得到折痕EF ； ②继续折叠，使E 、F 分别落在AD 、BC 上的I 、J 处，得到折痕EF ，折出IJ ； ③过A 折纸片，使B 落在IJ 上的B ′处，折出AB ′，AB ′与EF 、GH 分别交于P 、Q ．P 、Q 三等分AB ．J J如图，①对折纸片，使AD 、BC 重合，得到折痕EF ．②折出DB ，展平纸片，折出AE 、CF 和DB 分别相交于G 、H ．③过G 折叠纸片，使A 、D 分别落在AB 、DC 上，得到折痕MN ；展平纸片，过H 折叠纸片，使B 、C 分别落在AB 、DC 上，得到折痕PQ ． 则N 、Q 三等分AB ．................................................................................................................................. 9分ABCDEFGHABCDEFABCDEFGH M NPQ。
2020年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考数学一模试卷 (含解析)
2020年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考数学一模试卷一、选择题（本大题共6小题，共12.0分）1.海南省2014年用于教育的支出约为175********亿元，其中数据175********用科学记数法表示为1.75×10n，其中n的值是()A. 9B. 10C. 11D. 122.已知√a=a，那么a=()A. 0B. 0或1C. 0或−1D. 0，−1或13.如图，在数轴上，点A，B表示的数分别是−2和10，则线段AB的中点M表示的数为()A. 4B. 6C. 8D. 104.若k<√90<k+1(k是整数)，则k等于()．A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 95.以下是某校九年级10名同学参加学校演讲比赛的统计表：成绩/分80859095人数/人1252则这组数据的中位数和平均数分别为()A. 90，90B. 90，89C. 85，89D. 85，906.如图，已知AB是⊙O的直径，AD切⊙O于A，点C是EB⏜的中点，则下列结论不成立的是()A. OC//AEB. AC⊥OEC. ∠DAE=∠ABED. EC=BC二、填空题（本大题共10小题，共20.0分）7.−3的倒数是______．8.若√3−a在实数范围内有意义，则a的取值范围是______．9.计算或化简：√2×√12=________;√512=________．10.方程xx−1−2x=1的解是______．11.若方程x2+2x−3=0的两根分别为m，n，则m+n=______．12.数据3、3、4、5、5的方差是______．13.如图，反比例函数y1=k1x和正比例函数y2=k2x的图象交于A(−1,−3)、B(1,3)两点，若k1x>k2x，则x的取值范围是______．14.如图，在正六边形ABCDEF中，连接AD，AE，则∠DAE=______．15.如图，PA与⊙O相切于点A，弦AB⊥OP，垂足为C，OP与⊙O相交于点D，已知OA=2，OP=4，则弦AB的长______ ．16.长方体的主视图与俯视图如图所示，则这个长方体的表面积是．三、解答题（本大题共11小题，共88.0分）17.化简：6x2−9+13−x．18.解不等式x−52+1>x−3，并把它的解集表示在数轴上．19.①如图1，O是直线AB上一点，OE平分∠AOC，OF平分∠BOC，求证：OE⊥OF.②如图2，AB//CD，∠1=∠B，∠2=∠D.求证：BE⊥DE。
2020年南京市鼓楼区中考第一次模拟考试——英语(含答案)
2020年南京市鼓楼区中考第一次模拟考试——英语选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）（）1. our joy, our class came first in this year’s school football match.A.InB. AtC. ToD. For（）2.—Mum, I’m dying for food. Can we have dinner now?—Dear, let’s wait your dad comes back.A. whenB. afterC. untilD. while（）3. I prefer to go to school by underground. It’s much because the traffic is too heavy on the road in the morning.A. quickB. quickerC. cheapD. cheaper（）4. If you want to be ,you must try your best and never give up.A. somebodyB. everybodyC. anybodyD. nobody（）5.—Excuse me, would you like mind helping me with the math problem?—I’m sorry. , I’m in a hurry.A. In generalB. In factC. By the wayD. Of course（）6.—The river is becoming dirtier because the steel factory has put waste into it.—Yes. We must take action to improve the .A. conditionB. pollutionC. positionD. situation（）7.Shanghai Disneyland has attracted millions of people since it in 2016A. is openedB. was openingC. openedD. has opened（）8.—Kate, it’s midnight! Why stay up so late?—I’d like to go to bed earlier, but the test paper be handed in tomorrow morning.A. mayB. shouldC. canD. must（）9.—I’m still wonde ring which school our son should choose.—him alone, he can make up his mind.A. LeaveB. KeepC. LetD. Allow（）10.—What is the most popular TV programme this year, Li Hua?—I think Readers that by CCTV.A. is heldB. are heldC. is holdingD. are holding（）11. Mary works very hard because she doesn’t want to in her lessons.A. fall downB. fall backC. fall overD. fall behind（）12. Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge was built in the 1960s is now under repair.A. whoB. whoseC. whichD. what（）13.—Excuse me, could you tell me ?—Better walk there. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk.A. how far Suguo Supermarket isB. how far is Suguo SupermarketC. how can I get to Suguo SupermarketD. how I can get to Suguo Supermarket（）14.If you can’t read the article, it will be mean ingless to you. The –less in the word “meaningless”means .A. withB. withoutC. full ofD. out of（）15.—I don’t think keeping pet dogs is a good idea. Dogs create a lot of trouble.—. In my opinion, it can help you become a person full of love.A. You are rightB. Not reallyC. That’s a good ideaD. Believe or not二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）In the early hours of 7 September 1838, one of the worst storms in history was roaring（咆哮）along the coast of England. The lighthouse keeper at a ship. “It will be gone in a few moreminutes,” he said sadly. His daughter, Grace Darling, looking from an upstairs window, found the greatship had against the rocks and broken into halves.“Can’t we save them?” Grace asked when she saw the people on the ship. “Isn’t there any way to help them?”“No one can take a lifeboat out in that water,” her father answered. “The waves（浪）are too large.”Grace had great .She simply did not know how to give up. Filled with pity, she ran to the lifeboat quickly. Her father . With tears running down his face, he begged his daughter not to get into the boat, she would not listen. Her father could not let her go alone. He climbed in too. The two of them rowed in a great hurry. Each wave seemed to throw them into the sea at any time.Suddenly there was a terrible roar. The storm had the ship in two. People were holding on to each half tightly（紧紧地）.They had to be saved soon.Grace and her father rowed faster. Soon they reached the ship and began filling the lifeboat with . Then father and daughter brought their lifeboat safely to shore.As news of her brave saving action reached the public, the whole country considered her as a national hero. Grace and her father received the Silver Medal from the British government. To this day a small statue stands above the grave （墓）of Grace Darling. People still respect the young woman who refused to give up.（）16.A. looked out B. looked up C. looked around D. looked down（）17.A. ran B. knocked C. crashed D. rushed（）18.A. worried B. scared C. excited D. mixed（）19.A. pride B. attention C. confidence D. courage（）20.A. stayed B. pushed C. followed D. returned（）21.A. but B. and C. so D. then（）22.A. mad B. close C. awful D. ready（）23.A. divided B. cut C. lifted D. attacked（）24.A. adults B. tourists C. victims D. survivors（）25.A. award B. gift C. prize D. reward三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）ABicycle-sharing project is popular in Nanjing. This new type of service is expected to protect our environment and encourage people to exercise. At the same time , it also reminds people to learn to share.A. OFOB. Public BikeC. BluegogoD. Mobike（）27.You can order a(n) bike on your mobile phone.A. yellow or blueB. orange or greenC. silver or greenD. blue or white（）28. If you use Bluegogo for the first time, you need to pay at least for it?A. ¥100B. ¥200C. ¥300D. ¥301BCharacters—Editor, Doctor, Scientist, Journalist, TravellerScene 9The men sit down with drinks ,and the time traveller tells his amazing story.Traveller: The time machine took me 150 years into the future. The word was… is … a very different place. There was two races（种类）of creatures: the Eloi and Morlocks. The Eloi are small, gentle creatures—people who lead peaceful lives. They do not work but play games, eat food, and sleep. They are afraid of dark.Scientist: And the Morlocks?Traveller: These are ape—like（似猿的）creatures who live underground. They are afraid of the light. They have machines.They provide the Eloi with everything they need.Doctor: So the Morlocks are the Eloi’s slaves（奴隶）?Traveller: Sadly, that is not so. The Eloi are the Morlock’s cattle（牲畜）.The Morlocks feed them and raise took them for food.Editor: That is awful. How did the Eloi allow this to happen.Traveller: They became lazy. At first, they allowed the Morlocks to provide them with everything they needed. Journalist: Then, they slowly lost all their skills.Traveller: Exactly. As the years passed, they became more and more dependent（依赖的）on the Morlocks. Finally, they could not take care of themselves. Then ,the Morlocks took control them.Editor: There is a lesson for us in this.Scientist: Only if his strange story is true.（）29. When may the traveller’s story happen?A. In the past.B. At present.C. In the future.D. He didn’t tell us.（）30. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The Eloi are afraid of the light.B. The Morlocks raise the Eloi for food.C. The Eloi could take care of themselves.D. The Morlocks live a happy life without working.（）31. What did the traveller think of the Eloi?A. CleverB. HardworkingC. CreativeD. Lazy（）32. Why did the scientist say “Only if his strange story is true.”?A. He felt sorry for Eloi.B. He was making a joke.C. He was afraid to hear the story.D. He didn’t believe the story.CCaptain（船长）Nemo invited me and my friends to go hunting with him in the forests of Crespo Island. I asked him why he was so interested in Crespo Island. “I thought you preferred the sea to being on land.”“I do,” replied the captain. “But these forests are under the sea.”After going through a door, we were about ten meters under the water. The light from the sun reached us. Everything looked very colourful. We were going deeper and deeper. At 100 meters deep, we could see quite well, and Captain Nemo stopped and pointed to some dark shapes. This was the forest. The “trees”in the forest were giant seaweed, and all their “branches” were vertical（垂直的）.We could not stop looking at them. Fish swam around the branches like birds in a forest.Suddenly, I saw a large sea spider about a meter tall. It was going to attack me. Captain Nemo’s man killed it with his gun, but it reminded me that the sea could be as dangerous as it was beautiful. When we reached 150 meters, it was dark. The sun’s light could not reach this depth（深度）. We turned our lights. We could see about 20 meters around us. Finally, we found Crespo Island—where a steep rock wall rose in front of us.We could go no further, so we walked back toward the Nautilus. Suddenly, Captain Nemo stopped and shot an animal with his gun, it was a beautiful and rare sea otter. At last, we could see the Nautilus. Several large sharks swam over us. Luckily they didn’t see us. We re-entered the Nautilus safely. I was tired but amazed by what I had seen.（）33. What do “dark shapes” in Paragraph 3 refer to（指的是）?A. TreesB. SeaweedC. RocksD. Fish（）34. When they reached meters, they couldn’t see quite well?A. 10B. 20C. 100D. 150（）35. According to the passage, which is the correct order?①Captain Nemo’s man killed a sea spider.②The men returned to the Nautilus.③The men went to the forest.④Captain Nemo invited us to go hunting.⑤Captain Nemo shot an otter.A.④①③⑤③B.③④②⑤①C.④③①⑤②D.③④①⑤②（）36.What is the best title of the story?A. A Visit to a Sea ForestB. Death Under the Sea.C. Captain Nemo and the NautilusD. Attacked by Giant SpiderDIn Europe, small cars have always been more popular than large cars.In the United States, large cars and midsize cars are more popular than smaller cars. As a result, European automakers used to make different kinds of small cars while American automakers used to build bigger, heavier cars. However, these days, automakers in both America and Europe produce cars of different sizes. This is because most automakers export their cars all over the world.The price of gasoline (汽油)is one reason for differences in car choices. Since gasoline is more expensive in Europe, many Europeans want smaller, lighter cars that will travel a long way on a gallon（加仑）of gasoline.Other reasons also enter into the big or little car decision. Many European cities have narrow, winding（弯曲的）streets. In these cities a small car is easier to control than a large one.For a long time, few Americans bought small cars. Instead they chose large cars, because these roomy cars were more comfortable for large families and long trips. Some people also liked the powerful engines（发动机）that large cars had. Since gasoline was cheap, drivers did not mind that the large cars used a lot of gasoline.But in the 1970s, there were gasoline shortages in the United States. The price of gasoline went up. Though large cars were still more popular than smaller cars, sales of small cars increased. Some people also bought small cars because these cars caused less air pollution than larger cars.Today, Americans' car preferences are still changing. Though Americans are still buying many small cars, the fastest growing sales are for certain kinds of large cars. These types of cars are called minivans and sport utility vehicles(SUV). They are very popular today. But of course, that could change tomorrow.（）37.In the 1970s, .A. large cars were less popular than smaller cars.B. European cars finally came to the United States.C. the price of gasoline went up in the United States.D. people in the United States stopped buying small cars.（）38. Which of the following does the article lead you to believe?A. Sport utility vehicles small cars.B. Minivans are becoming less popular.C. European car companies sell many cars in America.D. Cars with powerful engines caused less air pollution.（）39. What does “roomy” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. having much spaceB. having little spaceC. having a large roomD. having a small room（）40. What can we infer（推断）from the article?A. Small cars are better than large cars.B. The price of gasoline is always rising.C. Large cars will always be popular in the United States.D. People like to have different kinds of cars to choose from.非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
2020年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考数学一模试题
【解析】
【分析】
根据方程的系数结合根与系数的关系，即可得出x1+x2和x1x2的值．
【详解】
∵x1、x2是方程2x2+4x﹣3＝0的两根，
∴x1+x2＝﹣ ＝﹣2，x1x2＝ ＝﹣ ．
故答案为：﹣2；﹣ ．
【点睛】
本题考查了根与系数的关系，牢记“两根之和等于﹣ ，两根之积等于 ”是解题的关键．
A．①较长B．②较长C．①②一样长D．以上皆有可能
7．写出一个数，使这个数等于它的倒数：_____．
8．若代数式 在实数范围内有意义，则x的取值范围是_______．
9．计算 的结果是_____．
10．解方程 ＝ 得_____．
11．已知方程2x2+4x﹣3＝0的两根分别为x1、x2，则x1+x2＝_____，x1x2＝_____．
【详解】
解：1200000＝1.2×106．
故选：C．
【点ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้】
此题考查科学记数法的表示方法．科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为整数，表示时关键要正确确定a的值以及n的值．
2．C
【解析】
【分析】
根据算术平方根的定义计算可得．
【详解】
解： 表示4的的算术平方根，
故选：C．
【点睛】
本题考查二次根式的加法，需要先分母有理化，然后再合并同类二次根式．
10．x＝9
【解析】
【分析】
分式方程去分母转化为整式方程，求出整式方程的解得到x的值，经检验即可得到分式方程的解．
【详解】
解：去分母得：2x＝3x﹣9，
解得：x＝9，
经检验x＝9是分式方程的解．
南京市鼓楼区2020年中考英语模拟试题一PDF版含答案解析
一、听力部分（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）略二、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.---How was your trip to Sanya,Aunt Anne?---Fantastic.My baby and I were taken good care of_______the flight.A.alongB.overC.pastD.during2.---What do you think of those doctors in Wuhan,Ma Lin?---How brave they are!They’ve tried their best to keep patients_______.A.liveB.aliveC.livingD.lively3.---Mike,can you tell me how to speak in an online class?---Sure,click on this icon_______you start to speak.A.afterB.untilC.beforeD.since4.---These two bags look quite good.Which one should I choose,Amy?---Well,it depends.I don’t want to spend too much on a bag,so I’ll take the______ one.A.cheaperB.cheapestC.more expensiveD.most expensive5.---To tell you the truth,I don’t want to join in the singing competition.---Come on.You just need more practice to build up your________.A.challengeB.confidenceC.developmentD.energy6.---Sorry to keep you waiting.I was writing a report and I________forgot thetime.---It doesn’t matter.Let’s go now.A.finallyB.hardlyC.suddenlypletely7.---Have you ever finished today’s online English course,Li Ming?---Of course.I find________helpful to take the course online.A.itB.oneC.thisD.that8.---Wait a minute.I’ll take an umbrella,for it’s raining.---Hurry up,or we________miss the beginning of the film.A.shouldB.mustC.mayD.have to9.---What is your brother going to do after he________from the university?---He once told me he wanted to get further study at Qsinghua University.A.graduatesB.graduatedC.is graduatingD.will graduate10.As the government________shopping malls,restaurants and other public places,people are able to spend more money on goods and services.A.puts upB.opens upC.picks upD.takes up11.COVID-19is a disease which will lead to pneumonia.In the word“pneumonia”,“P”is silent,and the stress is on the second syllable.Which of the following is the correct pronunciation of the word“pneumonia”?A./njuːməʊˈniə/B./pjuːˈməʊniə/C./njuːˈməʊniə/D./ˈpjuːməʊniə/12.---How long will the fine weather hold?I want to do some travelling.---The weather report says it won’t rain until next weekend,so feel free to travel.What does“hold”mean in the sentence?stB.growC.changeD.stop13.---Boys and girls,what do you want to know about COVID-19?---I wonder________.A.where did the virus come fromB.when the disease has happenedC.what we can do to protect ourselvesD.why has the disease spread so fast14.The introduction in the picture on the right tells that________.A.you should return books to the librarian after readingB.you should return books on time after you have read themC.you can find books easily because they are arranged in orderD.you should put books back to the place where you found them15.---So many books!They are too heavy for me to carry.---Don’t worry.________.A.You can make itB.I need your helpC.You may ask for helpD.I’ll give you a hand三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考一模语文试题(加精)
鼓楼区九年级中考模拟测试卷语文注意事项：1.本试卷 6 页，共120分。
考试时间为120分钟。
2.考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。
一（25分）1.用正楷字或行楷字抄写下面句子。
（4分）恰同学少年2.用诗文原句填空。
（9分）（1）气蒸云梦泽，。
（孟浩然《望洞庭湖赠张丞相》）（2）？烟波江上使人愁。
（崔颢《黄鹤楼》）（3）此夜曲中闻折柳，。
（李白《春夜洛城闻笛》）（4）锦江春色来天地，。
（杜甫《登楼》）（5）春潮带雨晚来急，。
（韦应物《滁州西涧》）（6）无限山河泪，。
（夏完淳《别云间》）（7），芳草无情，更在斜阳外。
（范仲淹《苏幕遮》）（8），只有香如故。
（陆游《卜算子·咏梅》）（9）春天，，嫩柳枝折断有奇异的芬芳。
（戴望舒《我用残损的手掌》）3.下列加点字读音两两相同．．．．的一项是（）（2分）A.稽．首——编辑倔．．强——咬文嚼．字B.祈．祷——秀颀蓦．．然——神出鬼没．C.污秽．——晦．暗跌宕．——锐不可当．D.狡黠．——诘．责殷．红——奄．奄一息4.找出句中错别字，将其订正在横线上。
（2分）（1）有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山叠岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于其间，回环曲折，极其险竣。
（《艰难的国运与雄健的国民》）订正：将“”改成“”（2）过去，他好听书，也会说书；在荣赝这个尊称之后，当真看起书来。
（《蒲柳人家》）订正：将“”改成“”5.依次填入词语最恰当的一项是（）（2分）与其浪费精力去批评一千部坏书，不如多介绍一部好书。
没有看见过小山的人不知道大山的伟大；你如果引人看过喜马拉雅山，他再相信泰山是天下最高峰。
把好书指点出来，读者自然能看出坏书的坏。
A.当然那么决不会B.诚然那么决不会C.诚然然而一定会D.固然但是决不会6.下列关于文学和文化常识的表述正确的一项是（）（2分）A.《论语》是儒家的经典著作之一，是孔子和他的弟子们集体创作而成。
2020年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考英语一模试卷
2020年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考英语一模试卷二、单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．1. ﹣﹣﹣ How was your trip to Sanya， Aunt Anne？﹣﹣﹣ Fantastic． My baby and I were taken good care of________the flight．（）A.alongB.overC.pastD.during2. ﹣﹣﹣ What do you think of those doctors in Wuhan， Ma Lin？﹣﹣﹣ How brave they are! They've tried their best to keep patients________．（）A.liveB.aliveC.livingD.lively3. ﹣﹣﹣ Mike， can you tell me how to speak in an online class？﹣﹣﹣ Sure， click on this icon________you start to speak．（）A.afterB.untilC.beforeD.since4. ﹣﹣﹣ These two bags look quite good． Which one should I choose， Amy？﹣﹣﹣Well， it depends． I don't want to spend too much on a bag， so I'll takethe________ one．（）A.cheaperB.cheapestC.more expensiveD.most expensive5. ﹣﹣﹣ To tell you the truth， I don't want to join in the singing competition．﹣﹣﹣ Come on． You just need more practice to build up your________．（）A.challengeB.confidenceC.developmentD.energy6. ﹣﹣﹣ Sorry to keep you waiting． I was writing a report and I________forgot the time．﹣﹣﹣ It doesn't matter． Let's go now．（）A.finallyB.hardlyC.suddenlypletely7. ﹣﹣﹣ Have you ever finished today's online English course， Li Ming？﹣﹣﹣ Of course． I find________helpful to take the course online．（）A.itB.oneC.thisD.that8. ﹣﹣﹣ Wait a minute． I'll take an umbrella， for it's raining．﹣﹣﹣ Hurry up， or we________miss the beginning of the film．（）A.shouldB.mustC.mayD.have to9. ﹣﹣﹣ What is your brother going to do after he________from the university？﹣﹣﹣ He once told me he wanted to get further study at Qsinghua University．（）A.graduatesB.graduatedC.is graduatingD.will graduate10. As the government________shopping malls， restaurants and other public places，people are able to spend more money on goods and services．（）A.puts upB.opens upC.picks upD.takes up11. COVID﹣19 is a disease which will lead to pneumonia． In the word "pneumonia"， "P" is silent， and the stress is on the second syllable．Which of the following is the correct pronunciation of the word "pneumonia"？（）A./njuːməʊˈniə/B./pjuːˈməʊniə/C./njuːˈməʊniə/D./ˈpjuːməʊniə/12. ﹣﹣﹣ How long will the fine weather hold？ I want to do some travelling．﹣﹣﹣ The weather report says it won't rain until next weekend， so feel free to travel． What does "hold" mean in the sentence？（）stB.growC.changeD.stop13. ﹣﹣﹣ Boys and girls， what do you want to know about COVID﹣19？﹣﹣﹣ I wonder________．（）A.where did the virus come fromB.when the disease has happenedC.what we can do to protect ourselvesD.why has the disease spread so fast14. The introduction in the picture on the right tells that________．（）B.you should return books on time after you have read themC.you can find books easily because they are arranged in orderD.you should put books back to the place where you found them15. ﹣﹣﹣ So many books! They are too heavy for me to carry．﹣﹣﹣ Don't worry．________．（）A.You can make itB.I need your helpC.You may ask for helpD.I'll give you a hand三、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．16. My family have always been huge fans of New Zealand, so we went for a holiday there last year． We toured around for a week before ending up in Kaikoura, a small town（1）_______． The first evening it seemed a rather boring place, but the next day I remembered what I'd read about it﹣that it is often（2）_______to see dolphins there if you are lucky enough! I'll always think of Kaikoura as the place where I finally achieved my lifelong dream ﹣to（3）_______with wild dolphins．My family and I set off on a dolphin trip on a cold, grey day with a number of other people on a small boat．（4）_______the sky soon turned blue, and at last we reached the place where we planned to go swimming．（5）_______, this was more than 40 km from land! I was really starting to wonder why my family had made me come all the way outthere, when suddenly someone shouted, "Dolphins! "There were more than a hundred dolphins swimming（6）_______our boat． I put on my snorkel（呼吸管） and jumped into the sea． Everywhere I looked, all I could see was dolphins, swimming under me and round me．Then I（7）_______the guide had told us to make sounds in the water to attract them．So I did and making similar sounds, as if they were trying to（8）_______me． I even made eye contact with one dolphin, and watched it carefully as I swam round in a circle． Amazingly, the dolphin almost followed me, but then changed its mind, although it kept eye contact with me all the time． It really made me realize（9）_______smart and beautiful these animals are．Then after an hour of swimming we got back onto the boat．（10）_______I had enjoyed myself． I left the water quickly by then as I was very cold． Everyone was smiling and I realized what a special moment we'd had．（1）A.by the lakeB.in the forestC.on the coastD.near the river（2）A.possiblemonC.excitingD.pleasant（3）A.stayB.swimC.chatD.beat（4）A.InsteadB.CertainlyC.HoweverD.Finally（5）A.To my joyB.To my horrorC.To my shameD.To my surprise（6）A.towardsB.alongC.underD.against（7）A.understoodB.suggestedC.discoveredD.remembered（8）A.holdB.answerC.protectD.save（9）A.whatB.whyC.howD.which（10）A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.UnlessD.Whether四、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项．17.（1）Which park is a good place for Isabel to practice painting and drawing？________A.East Bank Park．B. Elmwood Park．C. Boscawen Park．D. Victoria Park．．（2）Elmwood Park is a suitable place for________．A.IsabelB. Mr． MartinC. Hans' familyD. Kumiko and Atsuko．（3）Which of the following is right according to this table？________A.Victoria Park and Elmwood Park are inside the city．B.Boscawen Park and East Bank Park are big and quiet．C.Kumiko and Atsuko will probably visit Boscawen Park．D.Han's children would like to see wild animals in the park．．18. How did the sea horse get its name? It's not hard to guess．The top half of the fish looks like a small horse．Sea horses live in warm ocean waters all over the world． There are 32 different kinds of sea horses． Their sizes are quite different from one inch long to about one foot long． Because their fins are small, sea horses swim very slowly． They keep safe from other fish by hiding in plants and grasses． They can also change colours to keep themselves． Sea horses feed on live food, such as tiny shrimps． A sea horse has noteeth, so it eats the shrimp whole．A sea horse keeps the same mate for its whole life, unlike most kinds of fish． And it's the male sea horse, not the female, which gives birth to baby sea horses． How does this happen? Baby sea horses start out as eggs, which come from the female's body． But the female places the eggs in the male sea horse's pouch （育儿袋）． The male carries the eggs for about three weeks until they hatch （孵化）．The number of sea horses is becoming smaller．Why is this happening? Some places where sea horses once lived have been filled in to make new land．Also, many sea horses are caught and kept in aquariums （水箱） where they can't live long． The best place for a sea horse is the ocean． There it can find a mate and bring new sea horses into the world．（1）Sea horses do the following things except________to keep themselves safe from other fish．A.changing coloursB. changing sizesC. hiding in plantsD. hiding in grasses．（2）What does a female sea horse do with her eggs？________A.She carries the eggs for about three weeks．B.She hatches them under the water by herself．C.She places them in the male sea horse's pouch．D.She hides them in plants and grasses in the water．．（3）What is the best title of the passage？________A.Father Sea HorsesB. All About Sea HorsesC. Kinds of Sea HorsesD. How Sea Horses Grow．19. Fourteen﹣year﹣old Miguel Diaz talks about an exciting science projectLast month I got the chance to take part in an underwater research project in an area of the Gulf of Mexico called the Flower Gardens．A team of professional researchers, led by the scientist Dr．Matt Phillips, was trying to learn more about the fish and different kinds of creatures（生物）that live in this part of the sea． The Flower Gardens are a long way from the shore and we spent three days on a boat．The team used a piece of underwater equipment called a Remotely Operated Vehicle （ROV） to collect information． The ROV could measure water depth and temperature and it also had a camera that sent live film back to operate it a few times．However, the thing I enjoyed most was diving （潜水） into the water． At first, I was quite scared﹣﹣﹣mainly because I couldn't' t see land in any direction． But as soon as I jumped into the water, I wasn't afraid anymore． It was amazing to see the colorful fish swimming around and I could see all the ways to the Flower Gardens, which are almost 30 meters down．I will never forget the Flower Gardens． The trip was like a holiday but I also learnt new things about science and research projects．It was a great opportunity and it has made me think about my goals （目标） in life． The experience will help me work harder to become a scientist．（1）What did Miguel say about the ROV？________A.It was difficult to operate．B.It could only measure water depth．C.It was an expensive piece of equipment．D.It recorded what was happening under water．．（2）What was Miguel's attitude （态度） towards diving？________A.His main worry was long sight of the boat．B.He enjoyed it less than other parts of the trip．C.His feeling changed when he was in the water．D.He was frightened by the fish swimming around．．（3）What influence has the trip had on Miguel？________A.It has changed his opinion of science．B.It has made him more interested in the sea．C.It has improved the way he works in a team．D.It has encouraged him to work towards his goal．．（4）What does Miguel Diaz write this article for？________A.To describe the part he played in a science project．B.To explain how to ask for a place on a science trip．C.To give advice on understanding difficult areas of science．D.To encourage others to organize their science projects．20. Alfred Wegener was a scientist in the early 1900s． He had a strange theory． Histheory is that 250 million years ago there was one giant continent （洲）． He called the giant continents as Pangaea． He thought Pangaea changed millions of years later． It started breaking up． The continent slowly drifted apart． They became continents we know today．Wegener made many studies． He looked at world maps and thought that some continents were like puzzle pieces． They could fit together． He went to South America as well as Africa． He looked at mountains on both continents． They would match if the continents were pushed together． Wegener found similar fossils （化石）, plants and animals on both continents．Alfred Wegener called his theory "continental drift"． In 1912, he told other scientists about his theory． Most thought Wegener was crazy． They didn't believe huge pieces of land could move．Later, other scientists did more studies． They discovered that continents are actually moving all the time． Scientists know that the surface of Earth is not one piece． They think it's broken into large pieces of hard rock called tectonic plates （地壳板块）． Scientists believe there are 30 tectonic plates on Earth and the continents lie on top of them．Under Earth's surface is the mantle （地幔）． The mantle is a layer （层） of rock about 2, 900 km thick． The temperature rises to 3, 700C at the bottom of the mantle．The heat causes the mantle to become hot, molten （熔化的） rock which flows around．The tectonic plates float like rafts on top of the hot, molten rock but they move very slowly ﹣only about 4 inches（10 cm） each year Since continents lie on top of the tectonic plates, they also float or move．Today, scientists know the continents are still moving． Alfred Wegener's theory was proved correct．（1）What does a theory in the first paragraph mean in this article？________A.An idea based on studies．B. An opinion based on a feeling．C. A correct answer to a question．D. A wrong answer to a question．．（2）What was the name of Alfred Wegener's theory？________A.Pangaea．B. Continental drift．C. Tectonic plates．D. Continental plates．．（3）Where did Alfred Wegener find clues to prove his theory？________A.Only in Africa．B. All over the world．C. Only in South America．D. In both Africa and South America．．（4）What did scientists in the early 1900s think about Wegener's theory？________A.They agreed with him．B. They thought it was crazy．C. They copied his idea right away．D. They gave him praise for it．．（5）Why do scientists think continents can move？________A.The heat of the tectonic plates causes continents to move．B.The movement of ocean water causes the continents to move．C.Continents are huge pieces of land that can be pushed together．D.Continents lie on top of tectonic plates that float on hot， moltenrock．．五、填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）A）根据括号中所给中英文释义写出单词，使句子意思完整正确．21. ﹣﹣﹣ Hi， Helen． How was your weekend in Laoshan National Forest Park？﹣﹣﹣ Great! Birds filled the air with their song while butterflies danced________（在……中） the flowers．22. ﹣﹣﹣ You've been in our school for two months． What do you think of your classmates？﹣﹣﹣ Oh， they are really good，________（诚实的） and hard﹣ working．23. There are different kinds of restaurants in Nanjing enough to________（满足）everyone!24. ________（参观者） to the Former Residence of Gan Xi can enjoy Nanjing Baiju on Sunday afternoons．25. Luo Jing， is the first Chinese woman to________（成功地） reach the top of all fourteen 8，000﹣metre﹣plus mountains in the world．B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空．26. When my sister is unhappy， she always goes shopping to cheer________（she） up．27. ﹣﹣﹣You look quite excited， Mr． Li． What's happened？﹣﹣﹣ When I walked into the classroom， I saw a room of________（smile）faces．They shouted， "Happy birthday!"28. ﹣﹣﹣ Tom， you are so strong and healthy． How can you make it？﹣﹣﹣ I do ten________（hour） training every week， running， swimming or playing football．29. Helen Keller was blind and deaf， but her________（ability） didn't prevent her from doing what she wanted to do．30. ﹣﹣﹣ So far we haven't solved the problem in this way．﹣﹣﹣ I think it is worth________（explore） other ways of dealing with it．C）根据对话内容，从方框中选择适当的短语或单词填空，使对话内容完整正确．31.A： Hi， Carol． Wow， what are those？B： Hello， Alex． Oh， these are some of the interesting（1）________that I'm writing about for my English homework．A：I see…What's that． then？B： They're shoes with lights． You use them for seeing in the dark when you get up at night．A： Oh， that's a cool idea! I always hit my toe on something（2）________the bathroomat night．B： Next is a special ice﹣cream scoop （勺）． This is my favorite invention． It runs on electricity．A： I know what it's for! It（3）________serving really cold ice﹣cream．B： Yes， that's right! The last invention I'm going to write about is shoes with special heels （鞋跟）． You can move the heels（4）________．A： What are they used for？B： Well， you can change the（5）________of your shoes． You can raise the heels ifyou're going to a party or lower them if you are just going out for shopping．A： That's really amazing．六、阅读短文（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分；满分 20 分）1）阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后第 56-65 小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词．注意：每个空格只填 1 个单词．32. You could win £1，000 in this year's Fiction（小说） Prize and have your story printed in Keep Writing magazine． Ten other lucky people will win £100． The judges （评委）are looking for interesting and original（原创的） stories． Here' s some advice for you：• Write about whatever you knowLove， family， problems with friends﹣these are the common main subjects of the stories． However， you need to turn ordinary （普通的） situations into something interesting that people will want to read about．Make the reader want to continue reading by writing about ordinary things in a new and surprising way．• Get your facts rightIt's no good giving a description of a town or explaining how a machine works if you get it wrong． So don't write what you're not certain about．• Hold the reader's attentionMake the ending a surprise． There is nothing worse than a poor ending．Develop the story carefully and try to think of something unusual happening in the end．• Think about the charactersTry to bring the people in your story alive for the reader by using well﹣chosen words to make them seem real．Here are some other things you need to pay attention to． First， your story must be your own work， between 2，000 and 2， 500 words and typed on one side only of each sheet of paper． We don't accept stories by email． Second， you should not have your fiction printed in any magazine or book or recorded on any radio or TV． Third， the closing date is 30 July and we will inform （通知） the winner within one month of this date． Please note that if you win， you must agree to have your story printed in our magazine．33. Bill Gates is one of the richest people in the world and becomes the most generous person as well． It all began when Bill and his wife，Melinda， made a b（1）________decision． They set up a charity， the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation． The Gateses feel that with success comes responsibility （责任）． They want to use their________so they can go to school． The foundation also gives money to libraries for computers and other materials．The Gateses are also providing money for m（4）________research．Their foundation has given over ﹩ 1 billion to improve the health of people in poor countries． The money is used to fight disease such as malaria （疟疾）． Malaria is s（5）________widely by a bite from a mosquito （蚊子）． The disease kills 2000 kids in Africa each day． In 2008，the Gates Foundation gave ＄168.7 million to work on the problem of malaria．This money was used to s（6）________the work of developing a malaria vaccine（疫苗）．A vaccine is given to people before they get a disease． It protects them a（7）________that disease in the future．A（8）________worry of Bill and Melinda Gates is hunger． In many parts of the world people are short of food． They don't have enough tools and training to i（9）________farming． The Gates Foundation is working in these areas．The Gates Foundation is helping people in the United States too． It works on e（10）________． The foundation gives money for school programmes and libraries． It also helps kids pay for school．The world should give Bill and Melina Gates big thanks for lending a helping hand to those who need it most．六、书面表达（满分 10 分）34. Daniel 写了一封邮件给青少年工作者 Anna．请根据邮件内容，以 Anna 的名义用英语给 Daniel 回一封电子邮件．注意：1．语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范．2．词数 80 左右（已给出的邮件开头和结尾不计入总词数）．3．文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名，人名等．Dear Daniel，________．Yours，Anna参考答案与试题解析2020年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考英语一模试卷二、单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．1.【答案】D2.【答案】B3.【答案】C4.【答案】A5.【答案】B6.【答案】D7.【答案】A8.【答案】C9.【答案】A10.【答案】B11.【答案】C12.【答案】A【答案】C14.【答案】D15.【答案】D三、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．16.【答案】CABCDCDBCA四、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项．17.【答案】ABC18.【答案】BCB19.【答案】DCD20.【答案】ABDBD五、填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）A）根据括号中所给中英文释义写出单词，使句子意思完整正确．21.【答案】among22.【答案】honest23.【答案】satisfy24.【答案】Visitors25.【答案】successfullyB）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空．26.【答案】herself27.【答案】smiling28.【答案】hours'29.【答案】disability30.【答案】exploringC）根据对话内容，从方框中选择适当的短语或单词填空，使对话内容完整正确．【答案】inventions,on the way to,is used for,up and down,style六、阅读短文（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分；满分 20 分）1）阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后第 56-65 小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词．注意：每个空格只填 1 个单词．32.【答案】winner,Advice,everything,interested,Avoid,unusual,Use,yourself,recorded,before根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词33.【答案】ig,tarted,tudents,edical,pread,upport,gainst,nother,mprove,ducation六、书面表达（满分 10 分）34.【答案】Dear Daniel，Thank you for your email． I know that you'll go on holiday this summer．I think you should go on holiday with your parents．During the day， you spend so much time at school that your parents have little time together．【高分句型一】So you communicate very little with them．If you travel with them on holidays， you can communicate with them better．【高分句型二】Not only will you spend more time with them， but you'll make them know what you're thinking．We think it helps you to get on well with your parents．（原因）When you travel with them， you can talk about some lighthearted topics．You can take them as your good friends and express some of your ideas to them．I think they will respect and understand you．Yours，Anna。