关系副词whenwhere
英语语法:定语从句中的关系副词

【导语】英语语法是针对英语语⾔的语法进⾏的研究,指英语中语⾔的结构规律。
为了帮助各位同学更准确的记忆英语⼊门语法,⽆忧考为⼤家整理了英语语法顺⼝溜系列,在此与⼤家分享~ 英语语法顺⼝溜:定语从句中的定从中的关系副词 关系副词when/where/why, 从中做状莫懈怠; 时间⽤when原因why,地点where经常在; 定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
when指时间,where指地点,why表原因。
例如: I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得我初次到北京的那天。
The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. 他⽗亲⼯作的那个⼯⼚在城市的西郊。
That is the reason why I did the job. 那就是我为什么⼲这个活的原因。
关系副词可替换,介词加上关系代; 关系副词可以由介词加上which来替换。
例如: 1)This is the house where (in which) I lived two years ago. 在这句中,where= in which 2) Do you remember the day when (on which) you joined our club? 在这句中,when= on which 3) This is the reason why (for which) he came late. 在这句中,reason= for which 关系代,关系代,that与who要除外; 挑选介词要聪明,必看动词和先⾏; 介词后可⽤关系代词,但只能⽤which或whom,不能⽤that 和who。
那么,这个介词怎么选呢?其⼀,可以看定语从句中的谓语动词;其⼆,可以看先⾏词。
定语从句的关系副词

定语从句的关系副词定语从句是英语中常见的一种句子结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰或限定。
在定语从句中,关系副词担任重要角色,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
本文将详细介绍定语从句的关系副词以及其在句子中的使用。
一、关系副词的定义和分类关系副词,又称为关系副词连词,是连接主句和从句的词语。
关系副词有三个,分别是where、when和why。
它们分别表示地点、时间和原因的关系。
1. where:表示地点的关系。
常用于修饰表示地点的名词或代词。
例句1:This is the house where I was born.(这是我出生的房子。
)例句2:I will never forget the moment where I met you.(我永远不会忘记遇见你的那一刻。
)2. when:表示时间的关系。
常用于修饰表示时间的名词或代词。
例句1:I will always remember the day when we first met.(我会永远记得我们初次见面的那一天。
)例句2:I love the season when flowers bloom.(我喜欢花开的季节。
)3. why:表示原因的关系。
常用于修饰表示原因的名词或代词。
例句1:I don't understand the reason why he left.(我不明白他离开的原因。
)例句2:That's the only explanation why he acted that way.(这是他那样行动的唯一解释。
)二、关系副词的使用关系副词在定语从句中的使用需要注意以下几点:1. 关系副词引导的定语从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
例句1:This is the place where we will hold the party.(这是我们将举办派对的地方。
)(关系副词where在从句中作地点的修饰成分)例句2:That was the reason why she didn't come to the meeting.(那就是她没有参加会议的原因。
定语从句的关系副词

定语从句的关系副词定语从句是指修饰名词或代词的从句,描述并限定其所修饰的名词或代词的性质、特征、状态等。
而关系副词在定语从句中起到连接作用,引导定语从句的引导词。
一、关系副词及其用法关系副词常见的有:when、where和why,它们分别表示时间、地点和原因。
在定语从句中,关系副词作为关系词引导从句,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
1. when当我们在定语从句中修饰表示时间的名词时,可以用关系副词when引导。
示例1:I still remember the day when we first met.译文:我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那天。
示例2:Do you remember the moment when you realized you were in love?译文:你还记得你意识到自己爱上了的那一刻吗?2. where当我们在定语从句中修饰表示地点的名词时,可以用关系副词where引导。
示例1:This is the house where I grew up.译文:这是我长大的房子。
示例2:She took me to the park where we used to play.译文:她带我去了我们过去常常玩的那个公园。
3. why当我们在定语从句中修饰表示原因的名词时,可以用关系副词why引导。
示例1:That is the reason why I couldn’t attend the meeting.译文:那就是我不能参加会议的原因。
示例2:Can you explain the reason why you made that decision?译文:你能解释一下你作出那个决定的原因吗?二、关系副词的注意事项1. 注意关系词的位置关系副词在定语从句中作为关系代词引导从句时,要放在名词之后。
示例1:I could never forget the day (when) we won the championship.译文:我永远不会忘记我们赢得冠军的那一天。
关系副词和关系代词的用法

关系副词和关系代词的用法关系副词和关系代词是用来引导定语从句的词语,表示两个句子或两个成分之间的关系。
关系副词有:why(为什么)、when(什么时候)、where(在哪里)、how(如何)等。
关系代词有:that(不指人)、who(指人)、whom(指人,在句中作宾语时使用)、whose(指人或物的所有关系)、which(指物)等。
关系副词和关系代词的用法如下:1. 关系副词的用法:- why:引导定语从句,表示原因或理由。
例如:I don't know why he left.- when:引导定语从句,表示时间。
例如:Do you remember the day when we first met?- where:引导定语从句,表示地点。
例如:She will show you the room where she lives.- how:引导定语从句,表示方式或方法。
例如:I don't know how he did it.2. 关系代词的用法:- that/who/which:用来引导定语从句,修饰一个名词或代词。
例如:The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.The girl who/whom I met yesterday is my friend.- whom:用来引导定语从句,作宾语,一般用于非正式场合。
例如:The man whom I saw in the park is my teacher.- whose:用来引导定语从句,表示所属关系。
例如:The boy whose father is a doctor is in my class.需要注意的是,关系代词在从句中起着两个作用,一是引导从句,二是在从句中起一个成分(主语、宾语等)。
而关系副词只起引导从句的作用,不在从句中起成分。
关系副词的用法

关系副词的用法关系副词是连接从句与主句之间关系的词语。
它能够引导定语从句或者副词从句,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
在英语中,常见的关系副词有when、where、why和how。
本文将介绍这些关系副词的用法和例句,并探讨它们在句子中的作用。
一、when的用法当我们要在定语从句中表示“时间”时,可以使用关系副词when。
它引导的从句可以修饰先行词表示的时间。
例如:1. I still remember the day when we first met.(我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那一天。
)2. Do you remember the time when we went on a trip together?(你还记得我们一起去旅行的那个时候吗?)二、where的用法当我们要在从句中表示“地点”时,可以使用关系副词where。
它引导的从句可以修饰先行词表示的地点。
例如:1. This is the school where I studied when I was young.(这是我年轻时上学的学校。
)2. Do you remember the restaurant where we had our first date?(你还记得我们第一次约会的那家餐厅吗?)三、why的用法当我们要在定语从句或者副词从句中表示“原因”时,可以使用关系副词why。
它引导的从句可以修饰先行词表示的原因。
例如:1. That is the reason why I can't attend the meeting.(那就是我不能参加会议的原因。
)2. I don't understand the purpose why she did that.(我不理解她那样做的目的。
)四、how的用法当我们要在定语从句或者副词从句中表示“方式”或“程度”时,可以使用关系副词how。
它引导的从句可以修饰先行词表示的方式或程度。
定语从句:关系副词when, where

• 一个错点英语中的关系副词主要是 when, where, why三个。不要想当然地将how用作 关系副词修饰the way。如不说 This is the way how he spoke,可改为 This is how he spoke(how引导的是表语从句),当然也可 说成 This is the way (that, in which) he spoke.(其中的that, in which可省略)
• I’ll never forget the days when I worked with you. 我永远不会忘记我与你共事的日 子。 • He works in the factory where his father worked. 他在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。 • That’s the reason why she left home. 那就 是她离家出走的原因。
由关系副词when, where, why引导的定语从句
when用于指时间,where用于指地点, why用于指原因。when, where, why 在 定语从句中均用作状语。
• 如:1980 was the year when he was born. 1980是他的出生年。 • This is the town where I was born. 这就是 我出生的城市。 • These are the reasons why we do it. 这些 就是我们这样做的理由。
一点注意注意不要以为在时间名词后就一定用关系 副词when,在地点名词后就一定用关系副词 where,
在表示原因的the reason后就一定用关系副词why。
• 到底选用关系副词还是关系代词,关键是 看它们在定语从句中是用作状语(用关系副 词)还是用作主语或宾语(用关系代词)。
定语从句中关系副词的用法

定语从句中关系副词的用法关系副词,是联系先行词和定语从句的词,属于副词。
定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
其句法结构如下:1.表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
例句:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.2.表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
例句:The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.3.表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。
)例句:That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why 可以省略)上句也可以这样表示:That is the reason I did the job.又如:This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单,以下注意点不可忽视:1)“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分,比较下面的几组句子:*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the beach. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.**This is the hospital where my mother works.**This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. ***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”,介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。
高中英语关系副词when, where, why 的用法

关系副词when, where, why 的用法三者都可用作关系副词,引导定语从句,注意以下几点:1.when 表示时间,用于修饰表示时间概念的先行词;where 表示地点,用于修饰表示地点概念的先行词;why 表示原因,只用于修饰先行词the reason。
如:I’ll never forget the day when I first met you. 我永远不会忘记第一次见你的那天。
I went to have a look at the room where I was to talk that afternoon. 我去看了一下地方,当天下午我要在那里讲话。
We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up. 我们不知道他为什么没有来。
关系副词有时可换成“介词+which”。
如:I’ll never forget the day when [on which] we first met. 我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。
That’s the house where [in which] he lived 10 years ago. 那就是他10年前住过的房子。
That’s the reason why [for which] he came. 那就是他为什么来的原因。
2.where引导的定语从句,除用于修饰地点名词外,有时还可修饰抽象名词。
如:Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the la nguage properly. 今天,我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。
I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk for eight hours a day. 我不想要一份一天8小时都得守在办公桌前的工作。
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•when •(that/which)
• I will never forget the day ______________ we spent together.
•
Correct the sentences:
1. I still remember the holidays I stayed
关系副词whenwhere
•
•Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空
1. The boy ___•w__h_o__/ _th_a_t_ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
2. The e-mail _•_w_h_i_c_h_/_t_h_a_t I received yesterday was from my sister.
•
•I can remember the seat•_w_h_e_r_e___ I sat.
•
•I’ll never forget the day when I was born. •I’ll never forget the place where I was born. •I still remember the days when I was in primary school. •I can remember the seat where I sat.
with them.
^
•when
2. I’m going to work in the hospital w•_h_e_r_e
needs me.
•(that/which)
•
•巩固练习:用适当的关系词填空
• 1) October 1, 1949 was the •when day______China was founded.
lived is still there.
• The room ___• __(_th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h_)_____ I have to clean every day belongs to my mother.
•
• 2. I will never forget the day_______________
• 2) Beijing is the plac•ew_h_e_r_e__ I came.
• 3) Is this the roo•mwh_e_r____we were living last
winter?
e
• 4) Yesterday, we had a meetin•gw_h_e_r_e__we discussed many problems.
about “How to make friends ”. 3、She blamed Jim. Jim had made a mistake. 4、There will be a show on Monday. The show’s
topic is “Welcome to GZ!”
•
•关系副词
•
3. I hate people ___•w__h_o__/ _th_a_t___ talk much but do little.
4. The car ___•w__h_ic_h__/____ my father bought last month is vethryatbeautiful.
•
• 5. The ma•nw_h_o_s_e__ hair is white is his grandfather. •whose
•3. 关系副词的用法注意点 •(1)当先行词为time,表示“次数”时,应用关 系词that 或省略。如:
•This is the first time (that) the president has visited the country.
•(2)当point, situation, case等词作先行词表示“ 情况,境地,场合”等意思时,其后常由where引 导定语从句,where在句中作状语。如:
•关系副词 •定语从句
•when 表时间
•where 表地点
•
•1. when
•用关系副词when时,先行词指时间,when在定 语从句中作时间状语。
•I still remember the days when I was in primary school.
•My father was born in the year when World War Ⅱ broke out.
our teacher?
•
Homework
把下面句子改写成定语从句。 例:Jane is my friend. Jane is singing.
Jane who is singing is my friend. 1、 I like my parents. My parents always
encourage me. 2、We had a discussion. The discussion was
• 6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?
•
▪ 翻译句子。 ▪ 1.你昨天买的那本书在哪儿? ▪ Where is the book ___•t_ha_t_/wh_ic_h__y_o_u _b_o_u_g_ht__
yesterday? ▪ 2.你找到你丢失的那辆自行车了吗? ▪ Have you found the bike ___•t_ha_t _y_ou_ _lo_s_t _? ▪ 3.你认识正在和我们老师谈话的那个人吗? ▪ Do you know the man __•w_h_o_ _is__t_a_lkin_g__to___
That’s the date when we went to the college. 主要看: 从句意思是否完整;完整的话需用关系副词,若意思
不完整则需加关系代词充当某个成分。
请比较以下句子:
• This is the park that we visited last year.(从句意思不完整 需要加宾语) This is the park where we held a birthday party.(从句完 整,只需加上特定的关系副词)
•Can you think of a situation where this woe和关系代词that, which的区分
同样是修饰一个地点,有时使用where,有时使用that/which; 同样是修饰一个时间,有时使用when, 有时使用that/which • That’s the date that she won’t forget for ever.
• I like the time __•_th_a_t_ we had together. I like the time __•_w_h_e_n we lived together.
•
•对比练习:用适当的关系词填空 • 1. The room _•__w__h_e_r_e___________ he once
•
•2. where
•用关系副词where时,先行词指地点,where在 定语从句中作地点状语。
•I’ll never forget the place where I was born.
•The school where his mother teaches is near my home.
•
•I’ll never forget the day _•_w_h_e_n___ I was born. •I’ll never forget the place•w__h_e_r_e___ I was born.
•
•I still remember the days __•_w_h_e_n__ I was in primary school.