统一提单的若干法律规则的国际公约(Hague Rules)中英文
联合国国际货物销售合同公约中英文对照版
联合国国际货物销售合同公约中英文对照版一、简介联合国国际货物销售合同公约（下称“公约”）是在1980年4月11日，由联合国大会第35届会议通过并于1988年1月1日生效的。
公约的目的是统一国际货物销售合同的规则，减少跨国交易中可能出现的争议和不确定性。
公约的正式名称是《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》（United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods），通常被简称为“CISG”。
公约是目前最重要、最广泛应用的国际合同法规范之一，已被超过80个国家和地区作为本国法律的一部分或借鉴性法律适用。
二、主要内容公约共计101条，涵盖了货物销售合同的各个方面，从合同的成立到履行、违约、合同效力等都有详细规定。
以下是公约中英文对照的一些重要条款：第一章总则第一条：合同的目的•英文原文：The Convention applies to contracts of sale of goods between parties whose places of business are in different States.•中文翻译：本公约适用于交易双方营业地分别位于不同国家的货物销售合同。
第二章合同的成立第三条：报盘•英文原文：An offer must be sufficiently definite, indicating the goods and expressly or implicitly fixing or making provision for determining thequantity and the price.•中文翻译：报盘必须具有足够的确定性，包括明确或默示标明货物、确定或规定货物数量和价格。
第三章货物的交付第九条：交付的时间•英文原文：The seller must deliver the goods, hand over any documents relating to them and transfer the property in the goods, as required by the contract and this Convention.•中文翻译：卖方必须按照合同和本公约的规定，交付货物，交出与货物有关的任何文件，并转让货物的所有权。
海牙-维斯比规则(中英对照)
统一提单的若干法律规则的国际公约（1924年8月22日订于布鲁塞尔，1924年8月25日颁布，1942年8月25日实施）INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE UNIFICATION OF CERTAIN RULES OFLAW RELATING TO BILLS OF LADING(“HAGUE RULES”), AND PROTOCOL OF SIGNATURE(Brussels, 25 August 1924)The President of the German Republic, the President of the Argentine Republic, His Majesty the King of the Belgians, the President of the Republic of Chile, the President of the Republic of Cuba, His Majesty the King of Denmark and Iceland, His Majesty the King of Spain, the Head of the Estonian State, the President of the United States of America, the President of the Republic of Finland, the President of the French Republic, His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, His Most Supreme Highness the Governor of the Kingdom of Hungary, His Majesty the King of Italy, His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, the President of the Latvian Republic, the President of the Republic of Mexico, His Majesty the King of Norway, Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands, the President of the Republic of Peru, the President of the Polish Republic, the President of the Portuguese Republic, His Majesty the King ofRomania, His Majesty the King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, His Majesty the King of Sweden, and the President of the Republic of Uruguay,HAVING RECOGNIZED the utility of fixing by agreement certain uniform rules of law relating to bills of lading,HAVE DECIDED to conclude a convention with this object and have appointed the following Plenipotentiaries:WHO, duly authorized thereto, have agreed as follows:第一条Article 1本公约所用下列各词，涵义如下：In this Convention the following words are employed with the meanings set out below:(a) “承运人”包括与托运人订有运输合同的船舶所有人或租船人。
海牙规则中英对照37996
International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law relating to Bills of Lading ("Hague Rules"), and Protocol of Signature(Brussels, 25 August 1924)统一提单的若干法律规则的国际公约——海牙规则Article 1In this Convention the following words are employed with the meanings set out below:(a) "Carrier" includes the owner or the charterer who enters into a contract of carriage with a shipper.(b) "Contract of carriage" applies only to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar document of title, in so far as such document relates to the carriage of goods by sea, including any bill of lading or any similar document as aforesaid issued under or pursuant to a charter party from the moment at which such bill of lading or similar document of title regulates the relations between a carrier and a holder of the same.(c) "Goods" includes goods, wares, merchandise and articles of every kind whatsoever except live animals and cargo which by the contract of carriage in stated as being carried on deck and is so carried.(d) "Ship" means any vessel used for the carriage of goods by sea.(e) "Carriage of goods" covers the period from the time when the goods are loaded on to the time they are discharged from the ship.第一条本公约所用下列各词，涵义如下：(a) “承运人”包括与托运人订有运输合同的船舶所有人或租船人。
联合国国际货物销售合同公约(附英文)6篇
联合国国际货物销售合同公约(附英文)6篇篇1联合国国际货物销售合同公约（The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods）旨在建立关于国际货物销售合同的一般原则。
下面提供一篇根据该公约的法律顾问编写的虚构的货物销售合同协议示例，包括中英文对照，确保内容的丰富性、严谨性和格式的完整性。
请注意，以下合同仅为示例，实际合同应根据具体情况和法律顾问的专业意见定制。
国际货物销售合同协议Contract Agreement for International Sale of Goods甲方（买方）：____________________乙方（卖方）：____________________根据联合国国际贸易法委员会制定的《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》（以下简称“公约”），双方在平等、自愿、公平和诚实信用的基础上，就甲方向乙方购买以下货物事宜，达成如下协议：In accordance with the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (hereinafter referred to as the "Convention") formulated by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law, the parties, on the basis of equality,自愿，fairness and good faith, have agreed to the following contract for the purchase of the following goods from Party B by Party A:一、货物描述及规格（Description and Specifications of Goods）（此处详细列明货物的名称、型号、规格、数量、质量等）二、价格及支付方式（Price and Payment）1. 货物总价：____________________（总价款需按双方商定的货币和金额填写）。
《海牙规则》(Hague Rules)
《海牙规则》（Hague Rules）《海牙规则》（Hague Rules）是《统一提单的若干法律规定的国际公约》（internationalConventionfor the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating toBillsofLading）的简称。
它是1924年8月25日在比利时布鲁塞尔由26个国家代表出席的外交会议签署的，于1931年6月2日起生效，截至1997年2月，加入该规则的国家和地区共有88个。
一、《海牙规则》产生的背景提单的使用由来已久。
早期的提单，无论是内容还是格式，都比较简单，而且其作用也较为单一，仅作为货物的交接凭证，只是表明货物已经装船的收据。
随着国际贸易和海上货物运输的逐步发展，提单的性质、作用和内容特别是其中的背面条款都发生了巨大变化。
在提单产生的早期，即自货物托运形式出现后的很长一个时期，在海上航运最为发达的英国，一方面，从事提单运输的承运人，即英国习惯上视为“公共承运人”（CommonCarrier）必须按照英国普通法（Commonlaw）对所承运的货物负绝对责任，即负有在目的港将货物以装货港收到货物时的相同状态交给收货人的义务，对所运货物的灭失或损坏，除因天灾（ActofGod）、公敌行为（QueensEnemies）、货物的潜在缺陷、托运人的过错行为所造成，或属于共同海损损失之外，不论承运人本人、船长、船员或其他受雇人、代理人有无过错，承运人均应负赔偿责任。
但另一方面，法律对私人合同却采取“契约自由”原则，这就为承运人逃避普通法上的法律责任打开了方便之门，承运人在提单上列入对货物灭失或损失免责的条款，强加给货主的各种不公平的条件和不应承担的风险越来越多。
这种免责条款从18世纪开始出现，到19世纪中期的后半期，便发展到不可收拾的地步。
有的提单上的免责事项甚至多达六七十项，以至有人说，承运人只有收取运费的权利，无责任可言。
海牙规则中英对照
International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Lawrelating to Bills of Lading ("Hague Rules"), and Protocol of Signature(Brussels, 25 August 1924)统一提单的若干法律规则的国际公约——海牙规则Article 1In this Convention the following words are employed with the meanings set out below:(a) "Carrier" includes the owner or the charterer who enters into a contract of carriage with a shipper.(b) "Contract of carriage" applies only to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar document of title, in so far as such document relates to the carriage of goods by sea, including any bill of lading or any similar document as aforesaid issued under or pursuant to a charter party from the moment at which such bill of lading or similar document of title regulates the relations between a carrier and a holder of the same.(c) "Goods" includes goods, wares, merchandise and articles of every kind whatsoever except live animals and cargo which by the contract of carriage in stated as being carried on deck and is so carried.(d) "Ship" means any vessel used for the carriage of goods by sea.(e) "Carriage of goods" covers the period from the time when the goods are loaded on to the time they are discharged from the ship.第一条本公约所用下列各词，涵义如下：(a) “承运人”包括与托运人订有运输合同的船舶所有人或租船人。
国际经济法第四章国际货物运输(一)三个公约比较s解读
周超 2009年10月
提纲
调整班轮运输的国际公约
–海牙规则 Hague Rules –海牙维斯比规则 Hague-Visby Rules –汉堡规则 Hamburg Rules
1.《海牙规则》
《统一提单的若干法律规则的国际公约》 （International Convention for the
承运人的第二项义务是应适当和谨慎地装载、 操作、积载、运送、保管、照料和卸载所承运 的货物。
Immunities:
Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be responsible for loss or damage arising or resulting from
Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading) 简称《海牙规则》，(Hague Rules) 该公约共有 16 条规定, 《海牙规则》于1931 年6月2日生效。中国未加入该公约。《海牙规 则》是目前在国际航运业影响最大的一个公约 。
3.《汉堡规则》
《1978年联合国海上货物运输公约》 （United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea, 1978) 简称《汉堡规则》，（Hamburg Rules) 1992年11月1日生效，中国没有加入。
1.承运人最低责任
Hague Rules第3条第1款规定:
(g) arrest or restraint of princes, rulers or people, or seizure under legal process; （7）政府或主管部门的行为。
1924年统一提单某些法律规定的国际公约（海牙规则））
1924年统一提单某些法律规定的国际公约（海牙规则））１９２４年统一提单某些法律规定的国际公约简介本公约简称为“海牙规则”（ＨａｇｕｅＲｕｌｅｓ），于１９２４年８月２５日在布鲁塞尔召开的海洋法外交会议上通过，１９３１年６月２日生效。
全文第１条在本公约中，下列用语的含义如下：（ａ）“承运人”：包括与托运人签订运输合同的船舶所有人或承租人。
（ｂ）“运输合同”：仅适用于由提单或者只要是与海上货物运输有关的任何类似的物权凭证所包含的运输合同，而对在租船合同下或依据租船合同所签发的上述任何提单或任何类似的物权凭证，则自此种提单或类似的凭证从调整承运人与凭证持有人之间的关系之时起，亦包括在内。
（ｃ）“货物”：包括各种货物、制品、商品和各类任何物件，但活动物和在运输合同中载明装于甲板上且已照装的货物除外。
（ｄ）“船舶”：是指用于海上运输的任何船舶。
（ｅ）“货物运输”：包括货物自装上船舶之时起至货物卸离船舶之时为止的一段时间。
第２条除第６条另有规定外，每一个海上货物运输合同中的承运人，对该货物的装载、搬运、积载、运送、保管、照料以及卸载，应当按照下列规定承担义务与责任，并享受权利与豁免。
第３条１．承运人应当在开航之前和开航当时，谨慎处理：（ａ）使船舶适航；（ｂ）妥善地配备船员、装备船舶和配备供应物品；（ｃ）使货舱、冷藏舱、冷汽舱和该船其他载货处所适合于并能安全地收受、运送和保管货物。
２．除第４条另有规定外，承运人应当妥善而谨慎地装载、搬运、积载、运送、保管、照料和卸下所运货物。
３．承运人、船长或承运人的代理人在收到货物由其掌管之后，应按托运人的要求，向托运人签发提单，其上载明：（ａ）与装货开始前由托运人书面提供者相同的、为辨认货物所需的主要标志；如果此项标志是以印戳或其他方式清楚地标志在不带包装的货物上，或在装有该货物的箱子或包装上，此项标志通常应保持清晰易辨，直至航次终了；（ｂ）由托运人书面提供的件数或包数，或者数量，或者重量；（ｃ）货物的表面状况。
统一提单的若干法律规则的国际公约
统一提单的若干法律规则的国际公约（海牙规则)注：《海牙规则》是海上运输方面一个十分重要的公约，至今已有五十多个国家承认了它。
几十年来许多国家的航运公司都在其所制发的提单上规定采用本规则，据以确定承运人在货物装船、收受、配载、承运、保管、照料和卸载过程中所应承担的责任与义务，以及其应享受的权利与豁免。
自一九二四年制订《海牙规则》实施半个多世纪以来，由于本身存在的和在实施过程中出现的各项问题，以及近年来国际经济、政治的变化和海运技术的发展，某些内容已经过时，多数国家特别是代表货方利益的国家和第三世界国家强烈要求修改本规则。
目前，对《海牙规则》的修改存在两个方案：一个是代表英国及北欧各传统海运国家提出的《维斯比规则》，另一个是由联合国国际贸易法委员会所属国际航运立法工作组提出的代表第三世界和货方利益的汉堡规则，由于目前正处在新旧交替过程中，而这三个规则在实际的海运业务中，分别为有关国家及其船公司所采用，所以，我们对这三个规则都应该有所了解。
第一条本公约所用下列各词，函义如下：（ａ）“承运人”包括与托运人订有运输合同的船舶所有人或租船人。
（ｂ）“运输合同”仅适用于以提单或任何类似的物权证件进行有关海上货物运输的合同；在租船合同下或根据租船合同所签发的提单或任何物权证件，在它们成为制约承运人与凭证持有人之间的关系准则时，也包括在内。
（ｃ）“货物”包括货物、制品、商品和任何种类的物品，但活牲畜以及在运输合同上载明装载于舱面上并且已经这样装运的货物除外。
（ｄ）“船舶”是指用于海上货物运输的任何船舶。
（ｅ）“货物运输”是指自货物装上船时起，至卸下船时止的一段期间。
第二条除遵照第六条规定外，每个海上货物运输合同的承运人，对有关货物的装载、搬运、配载、运送、保管、照料和卸载，都应按照下列规定承担责任和义务，并享受权利和豁免。
第三条1．承运人须在开航前和开航时克尽职责：（ａ）使船舶适于航行；（ｂ）适当地配备船员、装备船舶和供应船舶；（ｃ）使货舱、冷藏舱和该船其他载货处所能适宜和安全地收受、运送和保管货物。
货代常用词汇中英文对照
DGR dangerous goods regulations 危险物品手 册
DIP diplomatic mail 外交 信袋
Direct B/L 直达提单 DLC 大连
DOC： Document 文件费＝ Document Transfer （转换、传 递）Fee （但不简写 DTF！） 按 BL（Bill）即 Set（套）收 。一套单 叫：One bill 或One Set
Foul B/L (Unclean B/L) 不清 洁提单
FR :框架箱
GCR general cargo rate 普通货物运 价
GENCON " 金康"合 同，全称为 BIMCO 统 一杂货租船 合同
GMT Greenwich mean time 世界标准 时，也称格 林尼治时
GRI：综合 费率上涨附 加费（美、 南美线收） 类似PSS于 旺季收，一 般为US$15 左右
IPI interior point intermodal 内陆公共点 多式联运
ISO internation al standard organizatio n 国际标准 化组织
ITL：中转费 可能指美线 货，于W.C 卸船后转内 陆铁
KMG 昆明
LAR live animal regulation 活动物规则
Hamburg Rules》《 汉堡规则 》，正式名 称为《 1978年联 合国海上货 物运输公约 》 HAWB （HWB） house air waybill 航 空分运单
HB/L house bill of lading 代 理行提单， 或称子提单 、分提单、 货代提单、 无船承运人 提单、仓至 仓提单等 HC :干货加 高 HGH 杭州 IAC：直航 附加费（美 加）
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统一提单的若干法律规则的国际公约（海牙规则）INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE UNIFICATION OFCERTAIN RULES OF LAW RELATING TO BILLS OF LADING(“HAGUE RULES”), AND PROTOCOL OF SIGNATURE(Brussels, 25 August 1924)The President of the German Republic, the President of the Argentine Republic, His Majesty the King of the Belgians, the President of the Republic of Chile, the President of the Republic of Cuba, His Majesty the King of Denmark and Iceland, His Majesty the King of Spain, the Head of the Estonian State, the President of the United States of America, the President of the Republic of Finland, the President of the French Republic, His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, His Most Supreme Highness the Governor of the Kingdom of Hungary, His Majesty the King of Italy, His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, the President of the Latvian Republic, the President of the Republic of Mexico, His Majesty the King of Norway, Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands, the President of the Republic of Peru, the President of the Polish Republic, the President of the Portuguese Republic, His Majesty the King of Romania, His Majesty the King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, His Majesty the King of Sweden, and the President of the Republic of Uruguay, HAVING RECOGNIZED the utility of fixing by agreement certain uniform rules of law relating to bills of lading,HAVE DECIDED to conclude a convention with this object and have appointed the following Plenipotentiaries:WHO, duly authorized thereto, have agreed as follows:第一条本公约所用下列各词，涵义如下：Article 1 In this Convention the following words are employed with the meanings set out below:（ａ）"承运人"包括与托运人订有运输合同的船舶所有人或租船人。
"Carrier" includes the owner or the charterer who enters into a contract of carriage with a shipper.（ｂ）"运输合同"仅适用于以提单或任何类似的物权证件进行有关海上货物运输的合同；在租船合同下或根据租船合同所签发的提单或任何物权证件，在它们成为制约承运人与凭证持有人之间的关系准则时，也包括在内。
"Contract of carriage" applies only to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar document of title, in so far as such document relates to the carriage of goods by sea, including any bill of lading or any similar document as aforesaid issued under or pursuant to a charter party from the moment at which such bill of lading or similar document of title regulates the relations between a carrier and a holder of the same.（ｃ）"货物"包括货物、制品、商品和任何种类的物品，但活牲畜以及在运输合同上载明装载于舱面上并且已经这样装运的货物除外。
"Goods" includes goods, wares, merchandise and articles of every kind whatsoever except live animals and cargo which by the contract of carriage in stated as being carried on deck and is so carried.（ｄ）"船舶"是指用于海上货物运输的任何船舶。
"Ship" means any vessel used for the carriage of goods by sea.（ｅ）"货物运输"是指自货物装上船时起，至卸下船时止的一段期间。
"Carriage of goods" covers the period from the time when the goods are loaded on to the time they are discharged from the ship.第二条除遵照第六条规定外，每个海上货物运输合同的承运人，对有关货物的装载、搬运、配载、运送、保管、照料和卸载，都应按照下列规定承担责任和义务，并享受权利和豁免。
Article 2Subject to the provisions of Article 6, under every contract of carriage of goods by sea the carrier, in relation to the loading, handling, stowage, carriage, custody, care and discharge of such goods, shall be subject to the responsibilities and liabilities, and entitled to the rights and immunities hereinafter set forth.第三条Article 3１．承运人须在开航前和开航时克尽职责：The carrier shall be bound before and at the beginning of the voyage to exercise due diligence t（ａ）使船舶适于航行；Make the ship seaworthy.（ｂ）适当地配备船员、装备船舶和供应船舶；Properly man, equip and supply the ship.（ｃ）使货舱、冷藏舱和该船其他载货处所能适宜和安全地收受、运送和保管货物。
Make the holds, refrigerating and cool chambers, and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried, fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation.２．除遵照第四条规定外，承运人应适当和谨慎地装卸、搬运、配载、运送、保管、照料和卸载所运货物。
Subject to the provisions of Article 4, the carrier shall properly and carefully load, handle, stow, carry, keep, care for, and discharge the goods carried.３．承运人或船长或承运人的代理人在收受货物归其照管后，经托运人的请求，应向托运人签发提单，其上载明下列各项：After receiving the goods into his charge the carrier or the master or agent of the carrier shall, on demand of the shipper, issue to the shipper a bill of lading showing among other things:（ａ）与开始装货前由托运人书面提供者相同的、为辨认货物所需的主要唛头，如果这项唛头是以印戳或其他方式标示在不带包装的货物上，或在其中装有货物的箱子或包装物上，该项唛头通常应在航程终了时仍能保持清晰可认。
The leading marks necessary for identification of the goods as the same are furnished in writing by the shipper before the loading of such goods starts, provided such marks are stamped or otherwise shown clearly upon the goods if uncovered, or on the cases or coverings in which such goods are contained, in such a manner as should ordinarily remain legible until the end of the voyage.（ｂ）托运人用书面提供的包数或件数，或数量，或重量。