沪教牛津版八年级下册语法练习总汇

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沪教牛津版八年级英语下册语法精讲及练习

语法知识现在进行时一.现在进行时表示的意义：1.表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作发生的时间是此时此刻。

例如；I am reading an English book. 我正在看一本英语书。

She is watching TV. 她正在看电视。

2.表示目前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

例如：What lessons are you studying this week? 你们本周学哪些课了？Tom’s parents are working in China this year. 汤姆的父母今年一直在中国工作。

二.现在进行时的句子结构：现在进行时由“助动词be + 动词的现在分词”构成，be (am, is, are)是助动词，不做联系动词用，不解释“是”。

其句子结构为：1.肯定句由“主语 + be + v.-ing + 其他”构成。

例如：I am cleaning the classroom. 我正在打扫教室。

They are playing the piano.2. 否定句由“主语 + be + not + v.-ing + 其他”构成。

例如：He is not watching TV. 他没在看电视。

They are not writing. 他们没在写东西。

3. 一般疑问句由“Be + 主语 + v.-ing + 其他？”构成，其肯定答句为“Yes, 主语 + be”否定答句为“No, 主语 + be + not”。

例如：—Is she listening to the music? 她正在听音乐吗？—Yes, she is. / no, she isn’t. 是的，她在听。

/ 不，她不在听。

—Are they running? 他们正在跑步吗？—Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 是的，他们在跑。

/ 不，他们不在跑。

4. 特殊疑问句由“特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + v.-ing + 其他？”构成。

沪教牛津版八下英语语法知识点归纳

沪教牛津版八下英语语法知识点归纳1. Present tense：现在时- 现在时表示目前正在进行的动作或状态：e.g. I am doing my homework.（我正在做作业。

）- 现在时还可以用来表示经常性的动作或习惯：e.g. She always gets up early.（她经常早起。

）2. Past tense：过去时- 过去时表示已经发生的动作或状态：e.g. I went to the park yesterday.（我昨天去了公园。

）- 过去时还可以用来表示过去的习惯或常态：e.g. He used to swim every morning.（他过去每天早上游泳。

）3. Future tense：将来时- 将来时表示将要发生的动作或状态：e.g. We will visit Paris next summer.（我们将会在明夏去巴黎。

）4. Modal verbs：情态动词- 情态动词用来表示说话者的态度、习惯、能力等：e.g. You should study harder.（你应该更加努力学习。

）- 常见的情态动词有can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would等。

5. Passive voice：被动语态- 被动语态表示动作的接受者在句中作为主语：e.g. The cake was made by my sister.（这个蛋糕是由我妹妹制作的。

）6. Reported speech：间接引语- 间接引语用来转述别人所说的话：e.g. She said that she was going to the cinema.（她说她要去电影院。

）7. Adjectives and adverbs：形容词和副词- 形容词用来描述名词或代词的性质或特征：e.g. He is a tall man.（他是一个高个子的男人。

）- 副词用来描述动词、形容词和其他副词的程度、方式等：e.g. She sings beautifully.（她唱得很美。

沪教牛津版八年级下册语法练习总汇

导学教育2014学年八年级（下）语法练习Unit 1 Helping those in need( Infinitives )( ) 1. The children decide their school yard this Friday afternoon.A. cleanB. to cleanC. cleaningD. cleaned( ) 2. He lost his key. It made him in the cold wait for his wife’s return.A. to stayB. stayedC. staysD. stay( ) 3. How kind you are! You always do what you can me.A. helpB. helpingC. to helpD. helps( ) 4. It was time for class. Mr. King asks all the children down quietly.A. sitB. satC. to sitD. sitting( ) 5. a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.A. To findB. FindC. To writeD. Write( ) 6. Just before the Chinese class, I found that I forgot my Chinese textbook.A. bringB. bringingC. and bringD. to bring( ) 7. – Which dress do you like best, Madam?-- Sorry, I can’t decide now.A. to buy which oneB. buy which oneC. which one to buyD. which I should buy it( ) 8. Try to sing more English songs, and you will find it interesting a foreign language.A. learningB. learnsC. learnD. to learnUnit 2 Body language( Gerunds )( ) 1. The retired couple enjoy phones. They always go out with their cameras.A. takeB. tookC. to takeD. taking( ) 2. Thanks very much for i me to your birthday party.( ) 3. the competition bought her more than just fame.A. WinB. WinningC. WonD. Winner( ) 4. Watching TV too much good for your eyes.A. isB. isn’tC. areD. aren’t( ) 5. – Would you mind the window? -- Not at all.A. openingB. openC. to openD. opens( ) 6. What about the guitar?A. practice playingB. practice to playC. practicing playingD. practicing to play ( ) 7. They left the room without a word.A. sayB. to sayC. sayingD. saysUnit 3 Traditional skills( The Passive VoiceⅠ)( ) 1. – Didn’t you see the sign “ No Parking!” on the right?-- Sorry, I didn’t. but now I know parking here.A. wasn’t allowedB. isn’t allowedC. won’t allowedD. doesn’t allowed ( ) 2. Annie to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.A. invitesB. is invitedC. was invitedD. has invited( ) 3. – A new park in our hometown next year.-- Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful.A. will buildB. will be builtC. is builtD. built( ) 4. – Excuse me. I’m looking for Be the Best of Yourself.-- Sorry. The book you ask for out.A. is sellingB. is soldC. was sellingD. will be sold( ) 5. Each year quiet a lot of food around the world. It’s really time for us to do something.A. was wastedB. is wastedC. wastedD. will be wasted ( ) 6. Flowers along the road last year.A. plantB. plantedC. are plantedD. were planted( ) 7. It is said that a new museum in our city next year.A. buildsB. is buildingC. will be builtD. was built( ) 8. – Does she like singing English songs?-- Yes. She to sing English songs in her room.A. often doesB. is often heardC. often hearsD. often heardUnit 4 Cartoons and comic strips( The Passive Voice Ⅱ)( ) 1. Teenagers allowed to drive.A. should not beB. should be notC. should beD. not should be ( ) 2. Waste paper shouldn’t everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our city clean.A. be thrownB. throwC. is thrownD. are known( ) 3. Paper money for over a thousand years.A. usedB. has usedC. has be usedD. has been used ( ) 4. Parents should allowed their children to choose their own clothes. （改为被动语态）Children should to choose their own clothes by their parents. ( ) 5. We should not allow the students to stay up until twelve o’clock. （改为被动语态）The students to stay up until twelve o’clock. ( ) 6. The English homework must be handed in by the weekend. （改为一般疑问句）the English homework by the weekend?Unit 5 Save the endangered animals( It is + adj. + for / of N. / Pron. to do sth. & Adj. + enough to do sth. ) ( ) 1. -- Let me help you carry the box, Granny.-- Thank you, Li Lei. It’s very nice you me.A. of; to helpB. for; to helpC. of; helpingD. for helping ( ) 2. It’s dangerous with the wild animal.A. for us to playB. of us playingC. for us playingD. of us to play ( ) 3. The dining hall is to hold 300 people.A. enough bigB. enough smallC. small enoughD. big enough ( ) 4. It is kind this girl to help me do lots of things.A. atB. forC. ofD. in( ) 5. It’s nice of you me with my maths.A. helpB. helpingC. to helpD. helped( ) 6. In the past it was difficult for the poor a job.A. findB. to findC. lookD. to look for( ) 7 It’s difficult English well.A. for him to learnB. of him to learnC. for him learningD. of him learning ( ) 8. Jim is strong enough the heavy box.A. to carryB. carryC. carryingD. carriedUnit 6 Pets( Adverbs )( ) 1. The volunteer spoke as as she could to make the visitors understand her.A. clearlyB. more clearlyC. most clearlyD. the most clearly ( ) 2. -- Our school bus will leave at 8 o’clock tomorrow. Don’t be late.-- OK. I will be there ten minutes .A. soonerB. slowerC. fasterD. earlier( ) 3. Tony is not as clever as Lucy, but he works than her.A. hardB. harderC. hardestD. the hardest( ) 4. – Which season do you like ,summer or winter? –Summer.A. wellB. bestC. betterD. good( ) 5. I’m sorry I’m late. I should get there 10 minutesA. earlyB. earlierC. the earlierD. the earliest( ) 6. – Who ran of all in the sports meeting? -- Hector did, I think.A. fastB. fasterC. the fastestD. more fast ( ) 7. We held a concern in the hall yesterday. Kate sang among the singers.A. goodB. wellC. betterD. bestUnit 7 The unknown world( Adverbial Clause of Reason & Because of )( ) 1. Tony never spend money on buying books he doesn’t like reading.A. butB. becauseC. thoughD. until( ) 2. – Why do you like English?-- it is very interesting.A. ThoughB. BecauseC. Because ofD. But( ) 3. We can’t go camping the bad weather.A. becauseB. soC. because ofD. although( ) 4. She / she didn’t go to see her father she was very busy yesterday.A. Because; soB. So; becauseC. / ; soD. / ; because ( ) 5. everyone is here, let’s start to have a meeting.A. Because ofB. SinceC. ButD. Or( ) 6. He couldn’t catch the early bus he got up late.A. soB. becauseC. because ofD. butUnit 8 Life in the future( The Past Continuous Tense )( ) 1. I didn’t hear the phone because my father TV then.A. is watchingB. was watchingC. watchedD. watches( ) 2. Millie a picture when Mr. Green came in.A. drawB. will drawC. drewD. was drawing( ) 3. He said he to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.A. triesB. triedC. was tryingD. will try( ) 4. While she TV, she a sound outside the room.A. was watching; was hearingB. watched; was hearingC. watched; heardD. was watching; heard( ) 5. They a football game from 7:00 to 9:00 last night.A. were watchingB. watchC. watchedD. are watching( ) 6. What book you when I you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon?A. did; read; was seeingB. did; read; sawC. were; reading; sawD. were; reading; was seeing( ) 7. It was Friday evening. Mr. and Mrs. Green ready to fly to England.A. are gettingB. getC. were gettingD. got。

语法知识点总结2024-2025学年沪教牛津版英语八年级下册

八下语法知识点总结语法一：to do 不定式•My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien.•I wanted to help disabled children.•We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.总结1：_____________________________________练习：We (1) ________________ (decide/ meet) Vivien today. We (2) _______________(want/help) her in some way. When we arrived, Vivien was very happy. She (3) ____________(begin/talk) to me about her school. She said, “I (4) _________ (like/ go) to school, but I don’t have any friends. I feel lonely.”Mum gave her some advice. Then Mum asked me to give Vivien her present, but I (5) _____________(forget/bring) it! Vivien said, “It’s OK. I (6) ___________ (hope/see) you again soon.”•Do you know how to help disabled people?•I know where to go.•She can remember what to say.总结2：_____________________________________练习：1. He doesn’t know ________________(wear).他不知道要穿什么。

(整套)(牛津版)八年级英语下册词汇与语法基础配套练习汇总(vip专享)

（牛津版）八年级英语下册（全册）词汇与语法基础配套练习汇总Unit 1 Past and present知识精讲一、必背词汇past n. 过去 adj.过去的present n. 现在, 目前just adv. 刚才since conj. 自……以来 prep.自……以来ever adv. 曾经northern adj. 北方, 北部的married adj. 已婚的, 结婚的wife n.(pl. wives) 妻子block n.街区over prep. 在……期间pollution n. 污染; 污染物factory n. 工厂waste n. 废料; 废品realize (= realise )vt.& vi.意识到; 实现improve vt.&vi. 改进, 改善situation n. 形势, 情况impossible adj. 不可能的before adv.以前, 过去lonely adj. 孤独的, 寂寞的anyway adv. 尽管, 即使这样husband n. 丈夫interview n. 采访; 会见yet adv. 还, 仍recently adv.近来, 最近environment n. 环境transport n.交通车辆, 运输工具condition n. 环境, 条件, 状况return vi. 返回last adv.最近, 上一次; 最后abroad adv. 到（在）国外primary adj. 小学教育的; 初级的communicate vt. &vi. 交流, 交际exactly adv.（答语）正是, 没错narrow adj. 狭窄的二、重点词汇1. present noun /ˈprez.ənt/1). something that you are given, without asking for it, on a specialoccasion, especially to show friendship, or to say thank you（尤指表示友谊或致谢的）礼物, 赠品例句: They gave me theatre tickets as a present.他们送给我戏票作为礼物.2). the presentthe period of time that is happening now, not the past or the future现在, 目前例句: That's all for the present. 暂且就讲这些.3). at presentnow现在, 目前例句: At present she's working abroad. 她目前在国外工作.2. realize verb /ˈrɪə.laɪz/1). to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly明白; 认识到; 意识到例句: They didn't realize the danger they were in.他们没有意识到自己身处危险之中.2). to achieve something you were hoping for实现; 使变为事实; 使发生例句: Ten years later her worst fears were realized.10年后, 她最害怕的事情发生了.3. lonely adjective /ˈləʊn.li/1). unhappy because you are not with other people孤独的, 寂寞的例句: She gets lonely now that all the kids have left home.现在孩子们都离开了家, 她感到有些孤独.2). A lonely place is a long way from where people live.孤独的, 孤零零的, 远离人群的例句: a lonely stretch of Arizona highway 亚利桑那一段荒凉的公路4. recently adverb /ˈriː.sənt.li/not long ago, or at a time that started not long ago最近; 近来例句: Have you seen any good films recently?你最近看过什么好电影吗？5. communicate verb /kəˈmjuː.nɪ.keɪt/1). to share information with others by speaking, writing, moving your body,or using other signals交流, 沟通（信息）例句: We can now communicate instantly with people on the other side of the world.我们现在可以与生活在地球另一边的人们进行即时交流.2). to talk about your thoughts and feelings, and help other people to understand them传达, 表达, 传递, 沟通（思想或感情）例句: I find I just can't communicate with her. 我发现我和她就是无法沟通.三、必背短语used to 曾经turn into 把……变成……in some ways 在某种程度上from time to time 不时, 有时, 偶尔all one's life 一生keep in touch 保持联系be used to 习惯于, 适应于open space 开阔的空地get used to 习惯于, 适应于四、经典句型1. You used to be so kind to me.你过去对我那么友好.2. I've lived here since I was born.我自从出生以来就生活在这.3. Has the town changed a lot over the years?这些年该镇变化很大吗？4. I have already read this book many times.这本书我已经读过很多遍了.5. Many changes have taken place in Moonlight Town over the years.这些年月光城发生了很多变化.三点剖析一、考点1. 现在完成时1). 构成形式: sb. have/has done2). 现在完成时用法:➢表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.➢表示动作或状态在过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还要持续下去, 常和for, since连用.3). 动词过去分词变化规律:➢一般情况下, 直接在动词词尾加 ed➢以“e”结尾的动词, 在词尾加d➢以辅音字母+y结尾的动词, 将 y变成 i 再加ed➢重读闭音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母, 双写辅音字母, 再加ed➢其他不规则变化4). 相关句型➢一般疑问句: Have/Has +主语+done…？➢否定句: 主语+have/has + not +done…2. since的用法1). since作介词时, 意为“从……以来”. since+ 时间点表示一段时间, 常与完成时态连用, 相当于for+一段时间.例句: I have lived here since 5 years ago.=I have lived here for 5 years.自从五年前我就住在这儿.2). since作连词时, 还可引导时间状语从句. 通常主句用现在完成时, 从句用一般过去时.例句: Uncle Wang has worked at this factory since he came to this city.自从到这个城市以来, 王叔叔一直在这个工厂工作.二、易错点1. happen & take place1). happen表示“发生”, 通常指未准备地发生或偶然发生.例句: The accident happened at about 10.事故大约发生在10点钟.2). take place通常指预先安排好要发生的事, 因此在汉语中除翻译为“发生”外, 还译为“举行”.例句: The meeting will take place on Sunday.会议将于星期日举行.Great changes have taken place here since last year.自去年以来, 这里发生了巨大变化.3). happen & take place都属于不及物动词, 因此既不能带宾语, 也不能用被动语态.2. get used to 和used to do1). get used to 意为“习惯于……”, 与be used to 同义. to 为介词, 后面跟代词、名词或动名词.例句: His father gets used to getting up early. 他父亲习惯于早起.2). used to do sth 表示“过去常常做某事”, to 是不定式符号, 后接动词原形. used to 本身就是过去时态, 没有人与数的变化, 暗含“现在已不再这样”之意. be used to do sth 表示“被用来做某事”, 是use …to do sth 的被动语态.题模一: Unit 1 词汇应用例1.1.1 Last Thursday when I got to the station, I _________ I had left my ticket at home.A ． understoodB ． realizedC ． believedD ． seemed例1.1.2 根据所给汉语意思完成句子, 每空一词. 1). 我想坐公交车在市里四处转转.I ’d like to _________ _________ the city by bus. 2). 这个地方曾经是个小村庄.This place _________ _________ _________ a small village. 题模二: 语法--现在完成时例1.2.1 His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _________ he came to Yunnan. A ． after B ． before C ． sinceD ． for例1.2.2 根据要求改写句子.1). Susan has been in this city for more than ten years. (改为同义句)_________ _________ more than ten years _________ Susan _________ to this city. 2). His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句) His uncle _________ posted the photos to him _________.随练1.1 Mr. White is busy preparing for _________ interview these days. He says _________ interview will take place this Friday.题模精选随堂练习A．an; the B．a; theC．an; an D．the; an随练1.2Amy has studied in this school _________ she was seven years old. A．since B．if C．untilD．after随练1.3Catherine got married _________ a policeman twenty years ago.A．with B．for C．toD．and随练1.4根据所给汉语意思完成句子, 每空一词.1. 我们现在再也不能像以前那样经常见到这些鸟了.Now we can’t see these birds _________ _________ _________ _________ any more.2. 这里曾经有很多污染. 但是它现在干净多了.There _________ _________ _________ much pollution here. But it’s much cleaner now.3. 我的邻居已经搬走了. 我希望他们在新的地方住得愉快.My neighbours _________ _________ _________. I hope they enjoy living in the new place.4. 政府应该采取措施来保护这条河.The government should _________ _________ _________ _________ the river.5. 这里的高铁站去年开通了. 自那以后, 越来越多的人来这里旅游了.The high-speed railway station here _________ last year. More and more people have travelled here_________ _________.随练1.5---_________ you ever _________ speaking to a foreigner, Diana?---No, never. You know, there're no foreigners in our city.A．Do; try B．Will; tryC．Did; try D．Have; tried随练1.6---Haven't you called Mrs. Lin?---_________.I don't have her number.A．Yes, I have B．No, I haveC．Yes, I haven't D．No, I haven't课后作业作业1My grandmother lives _________ in a (an) _________ village but she never feels _________.A．lonely; alone; lonelyB．alone; lonely; lonelyC．alone; alone; lonelyD．lonely; lonely; alone作业2I have only _________ of money. I can't buy that expensive iPhone 6 Plus. A． a bit B． a littleC． a few D． a lot作业3按要求改写句子.1. .My father has already returned from Shanghai. (改写成一般疑问句)_________ your father _________ from Shanghai _________?2. Amy hasn't decided where to spend her holiday yet. (改写成肯定句)Amy _________ _________ _________ where to spend her holiday.3. I haven't been to a theatre for two months. (改写成意思相同的句子)I haven't been to a theatre _________ two months _________.4. Mr. Zhang has lived in the town since he was born. (改写成意思相同的句子) Mr. Zhang has lived in the town_________ _________ _________.5. They have been to the Olympic Park three times in the pasttwo years.(对画线部分提问)_________ _________ _________ have they been to the Olympic Park in the past two years?作业4---She's never eaten any dumplings before, _________?---Yes, she has. She has been in China for years, you know.A．is she B．isn't sheC．has she D．hasn't she作业5---How can you start playing games so soon, Tom?---I _________ my homework, Mom.A．have finished B．finishedC．finish D．will finish作业6Li Ming used _________ on the right in China, but he soon got used _________ on the left in England.A．to drive; to driveB．driving; drivingC．to driving; to driveD．to drive; to driving答案解析题模精选题模一: Unit 1 词汇应用例1.1.1【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析, 句意: 上个星期四当我到达车站时, 我意识到我将车票落在家里了. realize意为“意识到”, 故选B.例1.1.2【答案】1). go/ travel around2). used to be【解析】考查本课词汇的应用, 需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数.题模二: 语法--现在完成时例1.2.1【答案】C【解析】考查现在完成时态, 主句用现在完成时, 从句是一般过去时, 要用since连接, 故选C.例1.2.2【答案】1). It is; since; came2). hasn't; yet【解析】考查本课语法的应用, 需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数.随堂练习随练1.1【答案】A【解析】考查冠词用法, 句意: 怀特先生这些天正在忙于准备一个采访. 他说这个采访将在本周五进行. 前空表示泛指, 且interview 的读音以元音音素开头, 应填an; 后空特指上句提到的采访, 故填定冠词the. 故选A.随练1.2【答案】A【解析】考查连词用法, 句意: 埃米自从七岁就在这所学校学习. 主句用现在完成时, 从句是一般过去时, 应该用连词since引导从句, 故选A.随练1.3【答案】C【解析】考查介词用法, 句意: 凯瑟琳二十年前嫁给了一位警察. 考查短语get married to sb., 意为“嫁给/ 娶了某人”. 故选C.随练1.4【答案】 1. as often as before2. used to be3. have moved away4. take action to protect5.opened; since then【解析】考查本课词汇的应用, 需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数.随练1.5【答案】D【解析】考查时态, 由答语No, never.及问句中的ever 可知问句应用现在完成时态. 故选D.随练1.6【答案】D【解析】考查时态, 由I don't have her number.可知“我”还没有打电话给林夫人. 故选D.作业1【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析, 句意: 我祖母单独一人生活在一个偏僻的村庄里, 但她从来不感到孤独. alone 可作形容词或副词,意为“单独”. lonely为形容词, 意为“孤独的”; 当指地点时, lonely 意为“偏僻的”或“荒凉的”. 故选B.作业2【答案】A【解析】考查不定代词, 句意: 我只有一点儿钱. 我不能买那么昂贵的iPhone 6 Plus. 由设空处后的of可知选项B、C错误. 根据句意可知只能用a bit. 故选A.作业3【答案】 1. has; returned; yet2. has already decided3. since; ago4. all his life5. How many times【解析】考查本课词汇的应用, 需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数.作业4【答案】C【解析】考查反意疑问句, 由eaten 和答语Yes, she has.可知问句用现在完成时, 助动词为has; 问句的陈述部分含never, 是表示否定含义的词, 所以反意疑问部分应该用肯定形式, 即has she . 故选C.作业5【答案】A【解析】考查时态, 到现在为止, 作业已经完成, 没有任何作业可做了, 强调动作finish 对现在的影响, 所以用现在完成时. 故选A.作业6【答案】D【解析】考查used to do 和get used to 的用法区别, 句意: 李明过去在中国经常开车走右边,但是他很快习惯了在英国开车走左边. used to 意为“过去经常”, 其后接动词原形. get used to=be used to , 意为“习惯于”, 后面接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式. 故选D.一、必背词汇miss vt. 想念, 思念fantastic adj. 极好的, 美妙的indoor adj.（在）室内的speed n. 速度ride n. 乘坐（游乐设施）cartoon n. 卡通片, 动画片character n. 人物such det.&pron. 这样的（人或物）parade n. （庆祝）游行magic n. 魔法pie n. 派, 馅饼feel vt. 感觉到, 意识到couple n. 两人, 两件事物; 几个人, 几件事物castle n. 城堡sand n.沙, 沙滩over adv. 结束marry vi.&vt. 结婚, 嫁, 娶Unit 2 Travelling 知识精讲dead adj. 死的beauty n. 美丽; 美人seaside adj. 海边的sailing n. 帆船运动, 航行except prep. 除了……以外view n. 景色, 风景mountain n. 高山business n. 公事; 商业; 生意direct adj. 直达的, 直接的flight n. 航班; 航行point n. 要点detail n. 细节delicious adj. 美味的, 可口的seafood n. 海鲜airport n. 机场relative n. 亲戚travelling n.<英>旅行 =<美>traveling二、重点词汇1. miss verb /mɪs/1). to fail to do or experience something, often something planned orexpected, or to avoid doing or experiencing something未做到; 未体验; 避开; 幸免于例句: I missed the start of the class because my bus was late.我没有赶上考试开始, 因为我坐的公共汽车晚了.2). to arrive too late to get on a bus, train, or aircraft未赶上, 错过例句: You'll miss your flight if you don't hurry up.如果你不快点, 会误了火车的.3). to not go to something缺（勤）; 缺（课）; 失（约）; 未出席例句: Students who miss a lot of school can find it hard to catch up.如果你继续缺课, 会在学习上落后的.4). to not see or hear something or someone未看到; 未听到例句: I missed the beginning of the film. 我错过了电影的开头.2. fantastic adjective /fænˈtæs.tɪk/1). extremely good极好的例句: You look fantastic in that dress. 你穿着那件连衣裙看起来棒极了.2). strange and imaginary, or not reasonable怪诞的; 幻想的; 荒诞不经的例句: He drew fantastic animals with two heads and large wings.他画了一些长着两个头和巨大翅膀的怪兽.3). very unusual, strange, or unexpected非同寻常的; 奇怪的; 难以置信的例句: It seemed fantastic that they still remembered her 50 years later.50年过去了, 他们依然记得她, 这似乎令人难以置信.3. direct adjective & verb. /daɪˈrekt/ /dɪˈrekt/adjective1). going in a straight line towards somewhere or someone without stoppingor changing direction直通的, 直达的例句: Is there a direct train to Edinburgh? 有到爱丁堡的直达列车吗？2). without anyone or anything else being involved or between直接的例句: She decided to take direct control of the project. 她决定直接管理这个项目.verb1). to control or be in charge of an activity, organization, etc.管理, 领导, 指挥例句: She directs a large charity. 她主管一家大型慈善机构.2). to be in charge of a film or play and tell the actors how to play their parts导演（电影或戏剧）; 执导例句: He wanted to give up acting and start directing (his own films).他想放弃表演转而开始干导演（导演自己的电影）.4. feel verb /fiːl/1). to experience something physical or emotional觉得; 感到; 体会到例句: How would you feel about moving to a different city?你觉得搬到另外一座城市去怎么样？2). to have a particular opinion about or attitude towards something认为; 相信例句: I feel (that) I should be doing more to help her.我认为我应该尽更大的力来帮助她.3). to touch something in order to discover something about it触, 摸例句: Just feel how cold my hands are! 摸摸我的手有多冷！5. except preposition & conjunction /ɪkˈsept/not including; but not（表示不包括）除…之外例句: The museum is open daily except Monday(s).博物馆除周一外每天都开放.三、必背短语such as 例如 a couple of 一对; 几个, 几件at the end of 在……末尾theme park 主题公园on business 出差roller coaster （游乐场的）过山车, 环滑车all year round 全年places of interest 名胜古迹四、经典句型1. I've been there before.之前我已经去过那了.2. I don't think it'll be a holiday for me.我想它对于我来说不会是什么假期了.3. Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong.凯蒂和她家人去过香港.4. The film has been on for 20 minutes.电影已经上映20分钟了.5. The best time to go there is in spring or autumn.去那的最好时候是春天或秋天.6. By the way, how long does it take to fly to Chengdu?顺便问一下, 飞到成都需要多久时间？三点剖析一、考点1. have/ has been 与have/ has gone 用法的区别1). have/ has been表示去过某地, 说话时已从该地回来.例句: He has been to China. 他去过中国. (表示现在他已回来)Have you ever been here before? 你以前到过这儿吗?2). have/ has gone其含义是“到某地去了(还没有回来)”. 注意: 这种结构不用于第一人称,也不用于第二人称, 仅用于第三人称.例句: He has gone to England. 他去了英格兰. (表示他现在不在说话处,他可能在去英格兰的途中, 也可能已在英格兰了)A: Where's Tom?A:汤姆在哪里?B: He's gone to the shop.B:他到商店去了.A: Has Mary gone there with him?A:玛丽跟他去那里了吗?B: No, she hasn't.B:不, 她没有.2. for与since的用法1). forfor+时间段常和现在完成时连用, 句中谓语动词为延续性动词.例句: I have been a teacher for 10 years.我当教师已经有10年了.2). sincesince+过去的时间点(如具体的年月日时等)since+一段时间+agosince+从句It is+一段时间+since 从句.例句: I have been here since 1989. 1989年以来我就一直在这儿.I have been here since five months ago. 我自从5个月以前就在这儿了.I've earned my own living since I was seven. 我自从7岁就自己谋生.It is two years since I graduated from university.自从我大学毕业以来已经有两年了.注意:1). 在现在完成时中, 当时间状语为for two years, since last year, during past three years,等表示“时间段”的短语时, 谓语动词要用延续性动词.例句: I have learned English since I came here.我自从来到这儿就学习英语.2). 延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的“时间点”状语连用, 可以借助come, begin,get 等短暂性动词来表示一瞬间的动作.例句: 从昨天上午八点就开始下雨了.It rained at eight yesterday morning. (误)It began to rain at eight yesterday morning. (正)3). 表示短暂性动作的动词或词组可以转换为相应的表示延续性动作的动词或词组.例:leave → be away, borrow → keep, buy → have, begin/ start →be on, die→ be dead, move to → live in ,finish → be over, join → be in/ be amember of, open sth. → keep sth.open, fall ill → be ill, catch a cold →have a cold二、易错点1. take part in & jointake part in 指参加某种活动、比赛, 并在其中起到一定作用, 后面直接跟有关活动的名词, 相当于join in; 而join 指参加某个组织或加入某团体并成为其中一员.例句: They want to take part in the music festival. 他们想参加音乐节.He joined us for dinner. 他和我们共进晚餐.2. travel & trip & journey1). travel泛指“旅行”这一行为或过程, 常用单数形式; 在指具体旅行时, 多用复数形式, 通常指到远方去的或长时间的旅行. 它没有直接到某一特定地点旅行的含义, 而有到各处旅行游玩的意思.例句: He has met many strange people on his travel.他在旅行中遇见过许多奇特的人物.2). trip指短距离的旅行, 常含有回到原出发地之意. 有时在口语中也指远程旅行, 这时它可以代替journey.例句: During the four-hour trip, he wandered from car to car.在四个小时的旅途中, 他在各个车厢之间逛来逛去.3). journey指时间和距离都较长的陆路旅行, 不含有回到原出发地的意思.例句: We are going to take along journey to Guilin.我们打算长途旅行到桂林去.题模精选题模一: Unit 2 词汇应用例1.1.1I was very _________ because this was the first time that I had travelled by myself.A．excite B．excitedC．exciting D．get excited例1.1.2根据汉语完成下面句子.1). 北京颐和园有什么特别之处吗？_________ _________ _________ the Summer Palace in Beijing.2). 做好准备, 会议马上开始了._________ _________. The meeting will start soon.3). 南京有很多名胜.There’re many _________ _________ _________ in Nanjing.题模二: 语法--have/has been与have/has gone;for与since的用法例1.2.1---Where’s your brother?---Oh, he _________ the library and _________A．has been to; so Lucy isB．has gone to; so Lucy hasC．has gone to; so has LucyD．has been in; so has Lucy例1.2.2同义句转换.1). The dog died several days ago.The dog _________ _________ _________ _________ several days.2). The meeting finished last Sunday.The meeting _________ _________ _________ _________ last Sunday.3). They got married twelve years ago.They _________ _________ _________ since twelve years ago.随堂练习随练 1.1_________ roller coaster is too old. Don't you think it is _________ useless one?A．A; the B．An; theC．The; a D．The; an随练1.2I remember she went to Hainan _________ last month.A．at the end B．at the end ofC．in the end D．in the end of随练1.3When the boy lost his toy bear, he couldn’t stop _________.A．cry B．to cryC．to crying D．crying随练1.4All the people went home _________ Mr. Wang, for he had to finish his work. A．with B．besidesC．except D．within随练1.5根据汉语完成下面句子.1. 我们的亲戚们已经到餐馆半个小时了.Our _________ _________ _________ _________ the restaurant for half an hour. 2. 第二天, 我们吃了很多海鲜.We ate lots of seafood _________ _________ _________.3. 我希望我们没有遗漏任何要点.I hope we haven't_________ _________ _________ _________.4. 这是我所吃过的最美味的饺子.These are the most _________ _________ that I _________ _________.5. 由于大雾, 机场已经关闭两个小时了.Because of the thick fog, _________ _________ _________ _________ for two hours.随练1.6---Andy, _________ your mother _________ the bookshop yet?---Yes. She left ten minutes ago.A．has; been to B．has; gone toC．have; been in D．did; went to课后作业作业1We have learned English _________ three years _________. That means we've learned English _________ three years.A．for; ago; forB．since; ago; forC．for; ago; sinceD．since; ago; since作业2同义句转换.1. .I bought the mobile phone two weeks ago.I _________ _________ the mobile phone for two weeks.2. The visitors came to our city a few days ago.The visitors _________ _________ _________ our city for a few days.3. David Beckham joined the football club last year.David Beckham _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ the football club since last year.4. When did you arrive at the station?How long _________ _________ you _________ the station ?5. The film began ten minutes ago.The film _________ _________ _________ for ten minutes.作业3---_________is it from your home to your school?---It's about 10 minutes' ride.A．How long B．How soonC．How far D．How often作业4This interesting cartoon film_________ for a week and many children like it very much.A．begins B．has begunC．began D．has been on作业5---Have you decided _________ to go to Nanjing?---Yes. I'll go there by train. It's much cheaper than by plane.A．when B．where C．howD．who作业6---I am going to spend my summer holiday in Hainan.---How lucky you are! _________ And don't forget to email me. A．Congratulations!B．Have a nice time!C．Come on!D．Goodbye!答案解析题模精选题模一: Unit 2 词汇应用例1.1.1【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析, excited和exciting都可作表语, 但excited意为“兴奋的”, 主语通常为人; exciting意为“令人兴奋的”, 主语一般是事物. 故选B.例1.1.2【答案】1). What’s special about2). Get ready3). places of interest【解析】考查本课词汇的应用, 需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数.题模二: 语法--have/has been与have/has gone;for与since的用法例1.2.1【答案】C【解析】考查have/ has been to 与have/ has gone to的用法, 根据语境可知, 哥哥不在说话者眼前, 他去图书馆了, 用has gone to; 表示“某人也做了某事”, 用so+助动词+主语结构, 故选C.例1.2.2【答案】1). have been dead for2). had been over since3). have been married【解析】考查本课语法的应用, 需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数.随堂练习随练1.1【答案】C【解析】考查冠词, 前空是特指, 所以应用定冠词the; 后空表泛指且useless 不以元音音素开头, 所以应用a修饰. 故选C.随练1.2【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配, at the end of意为“在……最后”, 其后可接名词作宾语; in the end=at last, 意为“最后”, 不可接名词作宾语. 故选B.随练1.3【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配, can't stop doing sth.意为“忍不住一直做某事”. 故选D. 随练1.4【答案】C【解析】考查连词, 由后分句句意“因为他不得不完成工作”可知王先生没有和别人一样回家. except意为“除了”, 不包括在范围之内. 故选C.随练1.5【答案】 1. relatives have been at2. the next day3. missed any main points4. delicious dumplings; have eaten5. airport has been closed【解析】考查本课词汇的应用, 需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数.随练1.6【答案】B【解析】考查完成时态, 句意: 安迪,你妈妈已经去书店了吗？去了, 她是十分钟前离开的. have/has been to 曾去过某地(现在不在那儿); have/has gone to到某地去了(现在不在这儿) ; have/has been in (与一段时间连用) 在……地方一段时间. 故选B.作业1【答案】B【解析】考查连词, since three years ago=for three years, 意为“长达三年”, 用于现在完成时, 作状语. 故选B.作业2【答案】 1. have had2. have been in3. had been a number of4. have; been at5. has been on【解析】考查本课词汇的应用, 需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数.作业3【答案】C【解析】考查特殊疑问词组, 句意: ---从你家到学校有多远？---骑车大约10 分钟的路程. how long 多久; how soon多久以后; how far 多远; how often 多久一次. 答语是距离, 应用how far提问“多远”. 故选C.作业4【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态, 句意: 这部有趣的卡通片已上映了一个星期了, 许多孩子非常喜欢它. begin 是表示短暂性动作的动词, 不可与表示一段时间的状语连用, 排除A、B 和C; be on 进行, 表示延续性动作, 故选D.作业5【答案】C【解析】考查特殊疑问词, 由答句中的by train和by plane可知是在谈论出行方式, 所以用how. 故选C.作业6【答案】B【解析】考查情景交际, 根据首句句意“我打算到海南去过暑假. ”可知Have a nice time! (祝你玩得快乐!)符合语境. 故选B.Unit 3 Online tours知识精讲一、必背词汇online adj.联网的, 在线的programme n.<英> 节目; 计划, 方案<美> programchannel n. 频道keyboard n. 键盘unit n. 机件; 单位mouse n. (pl.mice或mouses)鼠标screen n.显示屏, 屏幕receive vt. 收到, 接到guide n. 导游, 向导icon n.图标click vi.&vt.点击Asia n. 亚洲Africa n. 非洲Europe n. 欧洲America n.美洲world-famous adj. 世界著名的, 举世闻名的trade n. 贸易southern adj.南方的, 南部的international adj. 国际的gather vi.&vt.聚集, 集合huge adj. 巨大的darkness n. 黑暗island n.岛屿several det.&pron.几个, 数个lawn n.草坪relax vi. 放松, 休息hard adj. 辛苦的; 艰难的musical n.音乐剧bottom n. 底, 底部pick vt.挑选play n.剧本,剧本website n. 网站dream vi.&vt. 做梦,梦想passport n. 护照coast n. 海岸sail n. 帆Australian adj. 澳大利亚（人）的opposite n.对立的人（或物）mind vt.&vi.介意print vi.&vt.打印; 印刷pleasure n. 高兴,乐意book vt.&vi.预订, 订（房间、车票等）queen n. 女王ruler n. 统治者; 管理者pound n.英镑European adj. 欧洲的dollar n. 美元England n.（英国）英格兰二、重点词汇1. online adjective & adverb /ˈɒɪn/adjective:Online products, services, or information can be bought or used on the internet.（产品、服务或信息）联网的, 在线的, 网上的例句: an online newspaper/magazine/dictionary 网上报纸／网络杂志／在线词典adverbbought, used, etc. using the internet从网上, 在网上, 利用因特网（购买、获得等）例句: Do you like to shop online? 你在网上买过东西吗？2. receive verb /rɪˈsiːv/1). to get or be given something得到; 收到; 受到例句: Did you receive my letter? 你收到我的信了吗？2). to formally welcome a visitor or guest接待; 迎接; 欢迎例句: She stood by the door to receive her guests as they arrived.她站在门口迎接客人到来.3. huge adjective /hjuːdʒ/extremely large in size or amount巨大的, 庞大的例句: They live in a huge house. 他们住在一所很大的房子里.4. mind verb /maɪnd/1). (used in questions and negatives) to be annoyed or worried by something（用于疑问句和否定句）介意, 反对例句: Do you think he'd mind if I borrowed his book?你认为他会介意我借他的书吗？2). to be careful of, or give attention to something小心, 当心; 注意例句: Mind that box --- the bottom isn't very strong.当心那只盒子---盒底不是很牢固.5. pleasure noun /ˈpleʒ.ər/enjoyment, happiness, or satisfaction, or something that gives this愉快, 欢乐; 满意; 欣慰; 乐事例句: It was such a pleasure to meet you. 见到你很荣幸.三、必背短语remote control 遥控器word processing 文字处理dream of 梦想; 想象dream about 梦想; 想象be made up of 由……组成my pleasure 不客气, 很乐意效劳so much for （表示就某事讲完了）关于…就讲这么多, …到此为止四、经典句型1. What do you usually use your computer for?你通常都用你的电脑做什么？2. In the centre of the island is Central Park.在岛的中央是中央公园.3. ---Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour?---Of course not.---你介意向我展示下怎么开始网上旅行吗？---当然不介意.4. The UK has always been famous for its museums.英国一直以来因博物馆而闻名.5. The best time to visit the UK is from May to September because its winter is wet and cold.来英国旅行的最好时间是5月到9月, 因为冬天天气非常湿冷.三点剖析一、考点现在完成时和一般过去时的区别1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作. 说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情, 不强调对“现在”产生的影响. 如:例句: He visited Guilin in 1998. 他1998年参观过桂林. （只说明去桂林的时间）I didn’t watch the football match last Sunday. 上周日我没看足球比赛. （强调过去没做的事情）2. 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去, 对现在造成了影响或产生了结果. 不与确定的过去时间状语连用.例句: Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑. (着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)I have been to London three times. 我曾去过伦敦三次. （强调已经去过以及次数）3. 两种时态的区分1). 一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式, 而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“助动词have /has +过去分词”.2). 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用. 如: yesterday, last week, twoyears ago, just now, in 2002等; 而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never 等副词和these days, this week, since..., for...等表示一段时间的状语连用.例句: He went to Shanghai yesterday. 他昨天去了上海.I haven’t seen him since last year. 我自从去年就一直没见过他.二、易错点1. between与among的辨析.1).between意为“两者（同类人或事物）之间”, 通常用between…and…来表示“在……和……之间”.例句: He comes home between five and six o’clock every day.。

沪教牛津版八年级下1-4单元语法题

榜样教育2014学年八年级（下）语法练习Unit 1 Helping those in need ( Infinitives )( ) 1. The children decide their school yard this Friday afternoon.A. cleanB. to cleanC. cleaningD. cleaned( ) 2. He lost his key. It made him in the cold wait for his wife’s return.A. to stayB. stayedC. staysD. stay( ) 3. How kind you are! You always do what you can me.A. helpB. helpingC. to helpD. helps( ) 4. It was time for class. Mr. King asks all the children down quietly.A. sitB. satC. to sitD. sitting( ) 5. a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.A. To findB. FindC. To writeD. Write( ) 6. Just before the Chinese class, I found that I forgot my Chinese textbook.A. bringB. bringingC. and bringD. to bring( ) 7. – Which dress do you like best, Madam?-- Sorry, I can’t decide now.A. to buy which oneB. buy which oneC. which one to buyD. which I should buy it( ) 8. Try to sing more English songs, and you will find it interesting a foreign lang uage.A. learningB. learnsC. learnD. to learnUnit 2 Body language ( Gerunds )( ) 1. The retired couple enjoy phones. They always go out with their cameras. A. take B. took C. to take D. taking( ) 2. Thanks very much for i me to your birthday party.( ) 3. the competition bought her more than just fame.A. WinB. WinningC. WonD. Winner( ) 4. Watching TV too much good for your eyes.A. isB. isn’tC. areD. aren’t( ) 5. – Would you mind the window? -- Not at all.A. openingB. openC. to openD. opens( ) 6. What about the guitar?A. practice playingB. practice to playC. practicing playingD. practicing to play( ) 7. They left the room without a word.A. sayB. to sayC. sayingD. SaysUnit 3 Traditional skills ( The Passive VoiceⅠ)( ) 1. –Didn’t you see the sign “ No Parking!” on the right?-- Sorry, I didn’t. but now I know parking here.A. wasn’t allowedB. isn’t allowedC. won’t allowedD. doesn’t allowed( ) 2. Annie to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.A. invitesB. is invitedC. was invitedD. has invited( ) 3. – A new park in our hometown next year.-- Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful.A. will buildB. will be builtC. is builtD. built( ) 4. – Excuse me. I’m looking for Be the Best of Yourself.-- Sorry. The book you ask for out.A. is sellingB. is soldC. was sellingD. will be sold( ) 5. Each year quiet a lot of food around the world. It’s really time for us to do something.A. was wastedB. is wastedC. wastedD. will be wasted( ) 6. Flowers along the road last year.A. plantB. plantedC. are plantedD. were planted( ) 7. It is said that a new museum in our city next year.A. buildsB. is buildingC. will be builtD. was built( ) 8. – Does she like singing English songs?-- Yes. She to sing English songs in her room.A. often doesB. is often heardC. often hearsD. often heardUnit 4 Cartoons and comic strips ( The Passive Voice Ⅱ)( ) 1. Teenagers allowed to drive.A. should not beB. should be notC. should beD. not should be( ) 2. Waste paper shouldn’t everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our city clean.A. be thrownB. throwC. is thrownD. are known( ) 3. Paper money for over a thousand years.A. usedB. has usedC. has be usedD. has been used4. Parents should allowed their children to choose their own clothes.（改为被动）Children should to choose their own clothes by their parents.5. We should not allow the students to stay up until twelve o’clock.（同上The students to stay up until twelve o’clock.6. The English homework must be handed in by the weekend. （改为一般疑问句）The English homework by the weekend?。

沪教牛津版八年级英语下册语法精讲及练习

沪教牛津版八年级英语下册语法精讲及练习语法知识现在进行时一.现在进行时表示的意义：1.表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作发生的时间是此时此刻。

例如；I am reading an English book. 我正在看一本英语书。

She is watching TV. 她正在看电视。

2.表示目前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

例如：What lessons are you studying this week? 你们本周学哪些课了？Tom’s parents are working in China this year. 汤姆的父母今年一直在中国工作。

二.现在进行时的句子结构：现在进行时由“助动词be + 动词的现在分词”构成，be (am, is, are)是助动词，不做联系动词用，不解释“是”。

其句子结构为：1.肯定句由“主语 + be + v.-ing + 其他”构成。

例如：I am cleaning the classroom. 我正在打扫教室。

They are playing the piano.2. 否定句由“主语 + be + not + v.-ing + 其他”构成。

例如：He is not watching TV. 他没在看电视。

They are not writing. 他们没在写东西。

3. 一般疑问句由“Be + 主语 + v.-ing + 其他？”构成，其肯定答句为“Yes, 主语+ be”否定答句为“No, 主语+ be + not”。

例如：—Is she listening to the music? 她正在听音乐吗？—Yes, she is. / no, she isn’t. 是的，她在听。

/ 不，她不在听。

—Are they running? 他们正在跑步吗？—Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 是的，他们在跑。

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