HND商法导论报告outcome1 RA

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HND商法导论outcome1(仅供参考)

1.刑法和民法的定义。

Civil Law and Criminal Law ★Criminal Law is stipulated which behaviors are commit a crime, and what punish Proper suitable for the criminals. The punishment includes imprisonment and fine and so on.Civil Law is concerned with non-criminal disputes and situations, including:The dispose of legal disputes between personal and other bodies or organizationThe payment of compensation form one party to another for loss or injuryThe setting of process to manage financial and other matters2.举出6个民事纠纷例子☆ civil dispute caseLand disputes 土地纠纷Winding up of a corporate body 公司解体纠纷Personal injury claims 人身伤害纠纷Succession disputes 遗嘱纠纷Contractual disputes 合同关系纠纷Debt recovery actions 债务清偿纠纷3.犯罪的定义。

☆ What is a crime?Crime is Social ideology identify with that is Crime is antisocial, because it is antisocial, so threatens or undermines the security of society. Criminal behavior should be punished by the State by the imposition of a prison sentence and /or fine or other sanction on the man who is convicted of guiltExamples of criminal conduct include murder, Hi jack, kidnap, fire-raising, theft and fraud4.民法和刑法的区别。

HND商务信息与通讯技术OUTCOME1

Part 1: Identify and evaluate the role of business information in decision-making.Question 1:Strategic ManagementStrategic management is responsible for making decisions that affect whole company. These decisions are generally very complex and unstructured .They make long-term decisions.Internal: The market trends. If the company can observe the index，it will understand the needs of the company ，so as to decide it will produce the products to gain more profi t.External: the staffing needs. If the ∞mpany can improve employee benefits，increase their rewards ，it will make employees have more power.Tactical ManagementTactical managers are the middle managemen t. They make medium-term de c isi o ns a忏'e c ting budget s，monit o ring oper a tions，d e v e lo p ing poli ci e s，obta in ing res o urc e s. Tactical manag e rs d ev elop tactics to ac hie ve the overall strategic aims and objectives set by the strategic manager.Internal: The budgets. If the company has a budget process，it will be able to control the budget and control the company's cash position. And the enterprise capital will become more f lexible .External: If the enterprise has the fixed suppliers，it will guarantee the quality of enterprise products and save operating time，thus enhances the enterprise the competitive ability and increase more profits.Operational ManagementThe operational manager is the first line manager or supervisor. They areresponsible for the day-to-day opera甘ons of the business.Internal: If the enterprise sta仔attendance record eve叩day，it can work outa plan for a more perfect plan according to the info rmat ion，so that employees work more e仔icient ly.External: Th e customer needs. If the enterp川se understand cus tomer needs，its products to attract customers and increase income.Senior ManagementStrategicTactical Middle ManagementOperationalQuestion 2:"Enterpri se resource planning is a cross-functional enterprise sys tem driven byan i nt egrated suite of so仕ware modules that supports the basicinterna lbusiness proωsses o f a ∞mpany." ERP gives a compa ny an integra ted real-time view of i怡core business processes such as production，orderprocessing，and inventory management，tied together by ERP applicationssoftwa r e and a common database maintained by a database managementsystem. ERP systems track business resources (such as cash，raw materials，Me n gj i e In fonnation an d Communi c a tio ns Techn o l o gy in B usiness16/ 10/ 2013and production capacity) and the status of commitments made by the business (such as customer orders，purchase orders，and employee payroll)，no matter which department (manufacturing ，purchasing ，sales，accounting ，and so on) has entered the data into the system. ERP facilitates information f10w between all business functions inside the organization，and manages connections to outside stakeholders. (Wikipedia ，2013)This information system would support decision-making at strategic levels.•ERP provides support to upper level management to provide them with critical decision making information.This decision support allows the upper level management to make managerial choices that enhance the business down the road.•ERP also creates a more agile ∞mpany that better adapts to change. ERP makes a company more f1exible and less 时gidly structured so organization components operate more cohesively，enhancing the business-斗nternally and externa11y.•ERP can greatly improve the quality and efficiency of a business. B y keeping a company's internal business process running smoothly ，ERPcan lead to bett e r output s that b e nefit th e c ompany su c h as c us tom e rs e rvi ce，and manufactur i ng."Customer relationship management is a model for managing a company's interactions with current and future customers." It involves using technology to organize ，automate ，and synchronize sales，marketing ，customer service ，and technical suppo凡(Wikipedia ，2013)This information system would support decision-making at operational levels.•Access control is crucial for the SCM too l. On the one hand，since this is team development ，may need to limit certain members of the authority;The sub-project of the especially big projects tend to be involved in outsourcing ，at the end of the alignment stage will involve a lot of different units，need more rights managemen t. Access control ，on the other hand，Me n gj i e In fonnation an d Communi c a tio ns Techn o l o gy in B usiness16/ 10/ 2013also reduced the possibility of wrong operation，indirect improve the availability of the SCM too l.•SCM tools record programs and files modified tr司ectory，track change informat i on，make the software development work completed in Baseli n e(Baseline) gradual wa弘avoiding the un c o n trolled software developme n t situation ，make development status in order."Sup p ly chain management is the management of the flow of goods. It includes the mo v emen t and storage o f raw materials ，work-in-process inventory，and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption ." Interconnected or inte r linked networks，c hannels and node businesses are in v olved in t he provision of products and servi c es required by end customers in a supply chain .Supply chain management has been defined as the "design，plann i ng，execution，control ，and monito时ng of supply c hain a c ti v ities with the objective of creating net value，build i ng a competitive infrastructure ，leveraging worldwide logistics，synchron i zing suppl y with demand and measuring performance globally." (Wikipedia ，2013)Thi s in for m a t i on s y s tem woul d s up po rt d ecis io n-m aki ng at o p e r ation a川eve l s. .. C RM i s n ot o nl y o ne i n t he fa c e o f cus t o me r ma rk et i n g a n d se rv ic e department，also is a bus i ness departments can share information and resources pla仔'o rm for the automation work，in order to maximize the mining and coordination of enterprise resources ，expand the survi v al space and potential.•CRM is customer information into positi v e customer relationsh i p and the working process of the cy cle. Through the CRM can more trulyc omprehensive colle c tion，analysis of c ustomer information ，to pro v idecustomers with multi-angle，all-round service.Question 3:"The Data Protection Act 1998 is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament which defines UK law on the processing of data on identifiable living people. It is the main piece of legislation that governs the protection of personal data in the U K. Although the Act itself does not mention privacy，it was enacted to bring UK law into line with the EU data protection directive of 1995 which required Member States to protect people's fundamental rights and freedoms and in particular their right to privacy with respect to the processing of personal data." (Wikipedia ，2013)1 think it necessa叩for enterprises to use the Ac t.It can better protect corporatedata and information，to reduce a lot of business risk."The Copyright，Designs and Patents Act 1988 (c. 48)，also known as the CDPA，is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which received Royal Assent on 15 November 1988. It reformulates almost completely the statutory basis of copyright law (i ncluding pe斤。

SQA——HND——商法导论——outcome1答案

SQA——HND——商法导论——outcome1答案2. Crime is an act which include social harmfulness, criminal richtswitrig and should be punitive. It threatens and damages the public interests, violates criminal law. And it should be punished by criminal law.3. shoplifting, murder, rape,fire-raising,fraud4. contractual disputes,succession disputes,trusts,personal injury claims,family law disputes5. EU law, Common law, statute law6. First, European Union is an organization which include 27 member states. Second, the 27 member states must abide by EU l aw. Third, EU law is prevailed over member’s law. When EU law and UK law form conflict, it must use the EU law.7. In 1972, UK joined the EU. And UK published the European Communities Act. When EU law and UK law form conflict, UK must use the EU law, If UK out of EU, it can not use the EU law.8. The European commission’s function is proposed law fora lawsuit. The council of ministers isa legislature. Its role is to pass the law and to represent the EU and other countries signed an agreement. European parliament’s role is to realize the EU law with the council of ministers. European court of Justice’s role is to interpret the EU law.9. Judicial precedents is a judge to create the legal process. When the judge found no judgment relevant laws and the judge had to create a new law. And the law need be created by High Court. It must be abide by each court in the future. The inferior court to abide by a superior couet to create laws. The superior court to abide by its own create laws. Example: Donoghue VStevenson 1932 SC(HL) 3110. Statutes is law enacted by the parliament.There are UK parliament law and Scottish parliament law in UK. At first some laws are made by UK parliament and only for Scotland. Later, Scotland gets the rights to make its own law in some areas.11. Between 1707 and 1998, there is not Scottish parliament in UK. Only the UK parliament directly for Scotland to make law. From 1998, the UK parliament authorized the rights to make laws for Scotland. So the law was draw up by UK parliament called primary law. The law was draw up by Scottish parliament called secondary laws.12. 1998 Scotland Act , 1975 The Licensing Act , 1976 The Divorce Act , 1979 Sale of goods Act , 1996 Emloyment rights Act .。

HND商法outcome1问题及答案

1.现代苏格兰法的渊源Source Of Scotland Law1.Statute 成文法2.EU Law 欧盟法mon Law 普通法2.民法与刑法的区别The main differences between civil and criminal law are:a.Criminal law is primarily used by the State as a means of maintaining law and order by punishing certain individuals who indulge in behaviour which is regarded as criminal and anti-social. The State uses the criminal law, therefore, to punish criminals on behalf of the community or society.b.The civil justice system, in contrast with criminal law, aims to resolve legal disputes between private individuals in areas as wide-ranging as family law, company law, partnership law, banking and finance law, sale of goods and services, consumer law, personal injury claims, trusts, defamation actions, succession issues and divorce (消费者保护法，个人伤害索赔，信托，诽谤行动，继承问题和离婚).c.Different courts, standards of proof and procedures existdepending on whether we are talking about criminal action or a civil dispute. (we will discuss this more in later chapters)3.成文法的定义Acts of parliament are often referred to as legislation or statute law. the westminster parliament alone made laws for scotland until the creation of the scottish parliament,however,westminster has given the scottish parliament authority in many different areas of policy to make statute law.4.苏格兰议会与英国议会Which the Westminster Parliament or the Scottish Parliament , is the superior legislative body?(a)The westminster（维特敏斯特——伦敦市的一个行政区英国议会所在地）parliament(b)1.After(the Act Of union in)1707,the new scottish parliament is not completely/totally/fully independent（独立的）(body/organization).2.It's westminster parliament that gave scottish parliament.3.Scotland can only make secondary legislation（法规法令）/can not make primary legislation.4.Scotland parliament can abolish（废止）.5.欧盟立法机关European Union Legislation(what are the four most important institutions of the European Union and which of the European Union institutions has law-making powers?)(a)四个机构1.The Commission European: A Supervision（监督）Role2.The Council of Ministers (部长理事会决策性的)3.The European Parliament(建议性的)4.The European Court of Justice (执法)(b)哪个机构有权利制定法律1.the council of ministers and the european parliament have the power/authority to make law/advisory.2.The EU commission can not make law.3.The court enforces EU Law.法院实施欧盟法6.The primary of European Union Law Assuming three exists a conflict between scots and European Union law , which one of the two legal systems are the Scottish courts bound to follow? Why?(a) 如果Scotland law与EU Law发生冲突应该遵守？The Scottish corts would have to obey/observe the European Law.(b) Why?1.the EU Union have 27 member state,every state must to obey the EU Union's regulation.2.3. Scotland is a part member of the EU Union,so It must obey the EU Law,if UK decided get out of the EU Union,Scotland will not obey the EU Law.7. 6个民事纠纷例子Civil disputes Employment law disputes e.g. unfair or wrongful dismissal claims劳动法纠纷，如不公平的或者错误的解聘纠纷Family law disputes (custody or adoption of children)家庭法纠纷（孩子的监护或收养问题）Divorce or separation actions离婚或分居诉讼Debt recovery actions债务清偿纠纷Defamation of character人格诽谤纠纷Land disputes土地纠纷Winding up of a corporate body公司解体纠纷Succession disputes (wills)继承/遗嘱纠纷Personal injury claims人身伤害纠纷Contractual disputes合同关系纠纷8. 5个苏格兰使用的法律Sale of goods act 1979Employment right act 1996Human right act 1998Protection of children（scotland）act 2003The healthy and safety at work act 1974Abolition of feudal tenure （scotland）act 2000The licensing （scotland）act 19769.什么是犯罪What is a crime?A crime is behaviour which is regarded as so reprehensible (应受谴责) and which, consequently, threatens or undermines thesecurity of society. Criminal behaviour ought to be punished by the State by the imposition of a prison sentence and /or fine or other sanction (制裁) on the person who is convicted of a crime.举例（5个）：Examples of criminal conduct include murder, rape, assault, fire-raising, theft and fraud (欺诈行为).10.司法先例Judicial Precedent定义Judicial Precedent (司法先例)Judicial Precedent also known as Stare Decisis (遵循先例).If a legal dispute or any other legal situation occurs and there is no provision in any Act of Parliament of any piece of delegated legislation to cover it, the judge dealing with the dispute must make a decision which he/she sees as fair and just.In such a situation therefore, the judge is actually making the law—he/she is creating a precedent—and their decision will be followed in the future by other judges in similar cases. However, if legislation is passed later which is contrary to the judicial decision, then the legislation that is passed later will overrule it.原则For precedent to be applied the following must be shownThat the cases are “in point”—This means that the case beingheard in court must be dealing with the same question of law as the case being heard in court as the case that is being used as a precedent.That the original decision was made in a higher court: the Court of Session and Sheriff Court Judges must follow a House of Lords decision.There is no legislation to cover this point. At the time of this case, there was no legislation to cover such a situation and so the judges had used their sense of fairness to reach a decision.举例Donoghue V Stevenson 1932 SC（HL）31Daniels V White （1938）Grant V Australian Knitting Mills（1936）。

HND 商法导论outcome1

1.List the main sources of modern Scots Law.The two main sources of Scots Law:A: Statutory Sources of LawActs of Parliament––––laws passed by the UK and Scottish Parliament known as Acts Delegated Legislation––––laws passed by bodies authorized by Parliament.European Union Law––––passed by the European UnionB: Common Law Sources:Judicial Precedent––––the most influential of the common law sources, also known as Stare Decisis.Custom––––A custom is a practice which has been long and consistently recognized and so has acquired the force of law. Custom is now rarely a source of new law.Equity––––basically means fairness or natural justiceInstitutional Writings––––have less authority than legislation or judicial precedent.Institutional Writings is not as important as legislation or judicial precedent. Their main importance lies in the fact that they contributed to the orderly development of Scots law.2(a) what is meant by the doctrine of judicial precedent?Judicial Precedent is the most influential of the common law sources, also known as Stare Decisis. If a legal dispute or any other legal situation occurs and there is no provision in any Act of Parliament or any piece of delegated legislation to cover it, then the judge dealing with the dispute must make a decision which he sees as fair and just. In such a situation therefore, the judge is actually making the law—he is creating a precedent—and their decision will be followed in the future by other judges in similar cases. However, if legislation is passed later which is contrary to the judicial decision, and then the legislation that is passed later will overrule it. The operation of judicial precedent results in the creation of ‘case law’. A group of cases exist which have established a particular point of law.2(b) Give an example of a judicial precedent.Example: Donoghue V Stevenson 1932 SC (HL) 31Mrs. Donoghue alleged that one evening in August 1928 in Francis Michelle’s Café in Paisley, a friend had ordered for her, ice cream and ginger beer—planning to put it together as an ice drink. The ginger beer was supplied in a sealed, opaque bottle and the owner of the café poured some of the beer into the ice cream. Mrs. Donoghue drunk some of the mixture and her friend then lifted the bottle and was pouring out the remainder into a tumbler when a decompose snail floated out of the bottle and into her drink. Mrs. Donoghue suffered shock and illness as a result. She claimed damages against the manufacturer.3(a) Which is the superior legislative body: the Westminster Parliament or the Scottish Parliament?the superior legislative body: the Westminster Parliament3(b) Explain your choice of answer in part (a) above.By the Act of Union in 1707, Scotland and England formed the kingdom of Great Britain, since then the Scottish parliament is not a complete, independent legislative body. It is an inferior body in comparison to the Westminster Parliament, from which the Scottish Parliament derives its authority to pass laws for Scotland. Westminster Parliament has the right to cancel the Scottish parliament on bill made by the legislation. Any legislation of the Scottish Parliament is considered to be secondary legislation NOT primary legislation.4. What is a statute?The consists of laws known as statutes or Acts of Parliament passed by both the House of Commons and the House of Lords and then given the Royal Assent.All statutes are divided into sections, sub-sections, paragraphs and sub-paragraphs for easy reference.All Statues starts as “bills” which can be either Public Bills or Private Bills.5. Name five Acts of ParliamentAbolition of Poindings and Warrant Sales Act 2001Dog Fouling (Scotland) Act 2003Animals (Scotland) Act 1987The Succession (Scotland) Act 1964The Divorce (Scotland) Act 19766. What are the main differences between civil and criminal law in Scotland? Civil law:Civil Law is concerned with non-criminal disputes and situations, including the following:·The settlement of legal disputes between individuals and other bodies(e.g. a divorce case、succession、issues)·The payment of compensation from one party to another for loss or injury.·The setting of procedures to govern financial and other matters.(e.g. the legal procedures to be followed when buying or selling a house)Criminal law:Criminal law is primarily used by the State as a means of maintaining law and order by punishing certain individuals who indulge in behavior which is regarded as criminal and anti-social. The State uses the criminal law, therefore, to punish criminals on behalf of the community or society. the main differences:1. The regulated relationships:Civil Law: Relationships between subjects of equal footingCriminal Law: Relationships between subjects of unequal footing2 .The burden:Civil Law: Compensation or other obligationsCriminal Law: Punishment by State3. The freedom of the subjects:Civil Law: Much freedom between the partiesCriminal Law: Mandatory7. What is a crime? (You should list four examples of criminal behavior)A crime is behavior which is regarded as so reprehensible and which, consequently, threatens or undermines the security of society. Criminal behavior ought to be punished by the State by the imposition of a prison sentence and/or fine or other sanction on the person who is convicted of a crime.Examples: assault, murder, fire-raising, theft and fraud8. Provide three examples of a civil dispute.·Family law disputes (custody or adoption of children).·Land disputes e.g. trespass, nuisance, non-natural use of water, liability for animals.·Winding up of a corporate body(limited liability partnerships) in an insolvency or bankruptcy situation.9(a) In a conflict between Scots and European Union Law, which one of the two legal systems are the Scottish Courts bound to follow?In a conflict between Scots and European Union Law, the Scottish Courts would have to obey the European Union's legal system.9(b) Explain your answer.The European Union is an organization of twenty-seven member states, while the members in this organization must abide by the rules of the European Union law system in order to enjoy the benefits. UK has been a member of the EU since 1st January 1973 as a result of the passing of the European Communities Act 1972 by the Westminster Parliament. This legislation recognizes the supremacy of European law over domestic law. So in a conflict between Scots and European Union Law, the Scottish Courts would have to obey the European Union's legal system.10(a) What are the four most important institutions of the European Union? Commission European, The Council of Ministers, European Parliament and European Court of Justice10(b) Which of the European Union institutions has law-making powers?The Council of Ministers and European Parliament has law-making powers.。

HND商法导论OUTCOME1答案

Outcome Covered 1Assessment task instructionsCandidates will be given one closed-book exercise consisting of ten restricted response questions for the assessment of Outcome 1. This exercise should take candidates approximately 30-45 minutes to complete.考生将获得1闭卷行使十个评估的结果1限制反应的问题组成。

这项工作应采取的候选人约30-45分钟才能完成。

分钟才能完成。

1 List the main sources of modern Scots Law.1名单现代苏格兰法律的主要来源。

名单现代苏格兰法律的主要来源。

Statute law, common law and European Union law2(a) What is meant by the doctrine of judicial precedent?2（一）什么是司法先例原则？（一）什么是司法先例原则？2(b) Give an example of a judicial precedent.2（b ）给出了一个司法先例的例子。

）给出了一个司法先例的例子。

3(a) Which is the superior legislative body: the Westminster Parliament or the Scottish Parliament?3（一），这是上级立法机构：威斯敏斯特议会或苏格兰，这是上级立法机构：威斯敏斯特议会或苏格兰议会？议会？3(b) Explain your choice of answer in part (a) above.3（b ）解释第（一）项的选择你的答案。

HND市场学导论outcome1【范本模板】

Marketing: An IntroductionContentsIntroduction (3)Marketing concept (3)Pay attention to market research (3)Corporate Profit (3)Pay attention to the marketing plan (3)Marketing Orientation and Customer Relationship Management (4)After Service (4)The marketing environment (4)Types of Marketing Environment (5)Marketing Research＆Information： (5)Find out en terprise’s problems and mistakes (5)Market Segmentation (5)Opponents of information (6)Marketing plan (6)Market research and information Introduction (6)Quantitative&Qualitative Research (6)Qualitative Research (6)In—depth interviews (6)Quantitative research (7)Face-to-Face surveys： (7)Segmentation ＆targeting (8)Research information (8)Market segmentation (8)Benefits of Market S&T (8)Conclusion (9)Reference (9)IntroductionThis report is writes for the Trusty—Land Food Company. The report consists of 5 point that includes the marketing environment segmentation and targeting，the market research and information and marketing conception。

HND 酒店管理Outcome 1

1. a2. 为了提高顾客的满意度，在商品的质量和数量上我们需要考虑以下两个方面：在质量方面1)我们应该和有声望的，可靠的合作商合作，以便商品质量得到保证。

2)我们应该比较供应商所给的样品质量，以免伪劣产品进入酒店。

3)我们还要对产品的成分进行比较，同时还要了解洗涤说明。

这样能使商品的使用时间变长，从而节约成本。

在数量方面1)我们应该先了解酒店的入住率和客房数量，以免床单等物品没干等情况。

2)我们需要考虑运输时间的长短，以便及时补充库存。

3)对于长期入住的客人，我们应该根据酒店的相关规定来更换床上用品，或者根据顾客的要求进行更换，这样能节约床上用品，还能保护环境。

1.a2. In order to improve the customer's satisfaction, we need to consider the following two aspects in the quality and quantity of the goods:In the quality:1) we should cooperate with reputable and reliable partners in order to ensure the quality of the goods.2) we should compare the quality of sample provided by the supplier, in order to avoid false and inferior products into the hotel.3) we should also compare the composition of product and understand the washing instructions. This will enable the use of goods to become longer, thus saving costs.In the and quantity:1) at first, we should understand the hotel occupancy rate and the number of rooms, so as to avoid sheets and other items did not dry and so on.2) we need to consider the length of transportation time, in order to replenish the stock in time.3) for long-term guests, we should be in accordance with the relevant provisions of the hotel to replace the bedding, or in accordance with the requirements of customers to replace, so that can save bedding and protect the environment.B1.对于酒店来说，这些material, equipment and linen是很重要的，因为酒店会经常使用它们。

HND--商务行为技巧报告_outcome1

Behavioural Skills for BusinessDE3L 35OUTCOME 1Tutor teacher:HNDCandidate Name:ID Number:Total Words:Finish Date:1. IntroductionThis report focuses on the skills of the leader. Faboil Ltd has developed into a successful organization biotechnology field, Richard is the leader of this team, he was not aware of their responsibilities and the division of work of their subordinates not clear, and so some of the problems, the report will be an analysis of the company's business behavior skills the role of managers involved in the conflict, time management, stress management, in order to solve these problems.2.0Analysis and Resolution2.1 Manage rolesHenry Mintzberg identified 10 roles common to the work of all managers. The ten roles are divided into three groups:●The interpersonal roles are the result of position he or she holds in management.●The informational roles link all the managerial work together.●The decisional roles the unique access to information places the manager at the centre of organization decision making.The three interpersonal roles are primarily concerned with relationships. For instance, Figurehead, Liaison, Leader.The direct relationships with people in the interpersonal roles place the manager in a unique position to get information. Thus, the three informational roles are primarily concerned with the information aspects of managerial work. For instance, Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson.The unique access to information places the manager at the centre of organizational decision making. There are four decisional roles, for instance, Entrepreneur, Disturbance, Handler, Resource Allocator, and Negotiator.In this case, Richard Cranberry is the leader of this team, he is difficult to control and manage the team, however, and this organization is very backward management approach. Richard Cranberry has encouraged his three project teams to develop new products, as quickly as possible. The leader's responsibility is to motivate and activation staffing, training, associated duties. But he was not clear about the responsibility of the leader, and the work of Joanne Carole Carole's work is not necessity. Richard Cranberry should be equal distribution of work.In this team, Richard is not associated with other departments.For the science department, finance department and marketing department, no association with each other.In a team, various departments should be contacted by the appropriate contact, so that is conducive to the development of the team, we must be engaged in the information exchange network and access the knowledge base. Thus, Richard should strengthen the interaction with other departments.Richard does not use the resources possible role in the allocation of resources, and can not provide a suitable job to the right person. Description of financial, material and human resources, distribution andsupervisory responsibilities. Depending on the sector, he should the allocate new work, and to strengthen the team spirit of cooperation among the three groups. In this case, Carole towards work dutifully, her organization has been 10 years, the other two the Team Leaders to with Carole's situation seemed to be coping better than Carole. Both Joanne and Ian sympathized, and told her that she should tell Richard that she could not cope. Carole did not really want to admit that she was unable to cope. Further consideration, she gave Richard some suggestions, but that meeting Richard but please long-term sick leave. She told the HR manager Colin Meed, about the status quo, let her do Acting Executive know Richard. A negotiation must have clear aim to discuses, and do many prepare work, you need to consider in advance they said the proposal is adopted, and whether the other side of the negotiations can be time presence.2.2 Assertiveness skillsAssertiveness is an umbrella term it is more concerned with the judgment, action, decision making and modification of manager's integrated ability.Aggressive people may upset others. This may lead to others avoiding them or escalating the conflict. This can affect communication, company image, relationships, and stress. They may also get upset with themselves afterwards if they have lost their temple -often aggressive people cannot control their aggressive.Submissive people may avoid dealing with issues.0ther may get frustrated with them or trample over them .This may lead to resentment, reduced self-esteem, and stress.Assertive people develop positive relationships with others, as they will try to consider other viewpoints as well as presenting their own viewpoint in a clear way. They will seek to work with others but will also stand up for themselves. This can lead to better self-image and reduced stress.Bill of rightIn this case,2.3Conflict in the workplaceConflict is process which begins when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect, something the first party cares about.Conflict between Carole and Joanne. It belongs to interpersonal conflict. Carole asked Joanne, network analysis, is to take over because she thought it was Joanne expertisefrom a moral perspective, Joanne refused to take on additional workload because she thought she was being undertaken Richard asked her.Source of conflict in the workplace have different goals, different time frames, different relationships, unequal distribution of power, unclear roles and responsibilities, as well as a limited number of resources.Carroll conflict because different goals. Incorrect authority Richard led to a clear role conflict leads to a great extent.As a result, to reduce individual and organizational performance, damage to physical and mental health, and increase the high stress levels and poor work attitude, damage to personal and working relationship between each other.Dealing with conflict can ignore the conflict, the conflict continues, to reduce or contain the conflict, conflict resolution, and to prevent the conflict in the first place. Communication with Joanne Carroll should perform; they can hold a meeting in order to solve this problem.2.4 Time ManagementTime management is about our use of time in relation to what we want to achieve. Typical time stealers are that searching for things or people, longer travel time, correcting mistakes, doing unnecessary activities, interruptions, changing priorities, unable to say “no”, waiting, clutter, procrastination.Carol decision, due to the lack of communication of information, and other stakeholders, we must change. This is a steal to correct the error. She is doing unnecessary activities, because she had received a lot of workload, she could not cope. She could not say "no". There are wastes of time to interrupt her. After save notes staff interrupted her work.她应该设置优先级的紧迫性和重要性，并确认她的工作。

HND-商法导论 Outcome1答案

1.Sources of Scots Law are Statute Law, European Union Law, and Common Law2.the licensing (scotland)act 1975sale of goods act 1979employment rights act 1996the human rights act 1998dog fouling (scotland) act 20033.family law disputesland disputesemployment law disputes parliament is the superior legislative body .after theact of union in 1707, the new scttish parliament is not completely independent parliament is primary.5.a crme is behavior which is harmful to society.it will be punished.for example, murder, rape,theft,fraud，assault belong to crimes.6.it exists a conflict between scots and eu law ,the scottishcourts would have to obey the eu's legal system. eu is a club which has 27 member of the states.britain is a member of the club.so the britian must do its responesibility,and give up their own law.if the britain desided to quit the club ,the laws of the britain follow the domestic law .7.speaking exactly the council of ministers,with the advice of european parliament .cm and ep have the law-making powers.the european court of justice implement eu law .the eu commission can propose laws effectively.8.act of parliament are often considered as legislation . the statute is made uk parliament and the scottish parliament.9. A.Judicial Precedent is a process involves a process wherebya judge can develop a rule of law by making a decision in a test case. A test case refers to the one in which clarification of an important point of law is sought, and judges after listening to opposite legal arguments will have to make the decision about which view of the law is correct.B.Once this decision has been made, future judges and course will be expected to follow the reasoning in the test case,if they are dealing with a case with similar legal issues.C.It not every judge can make a new binding legal rule. The authority of the judge or court should be considered here, if the judge is relatively junior, he/she will be unlikely to be able to create a new rule of law. But on the other hand, if the rule comes from superior courts, this decision will be followed by the lower or inferior courts.D.Judicial precedent or case law is parts of the unwritten law of Scotland.E.Donoghue v Stevneson (1932)10. Criminal law is deals with all types of offences and crimes, concerns itself with the recognition of what amounts to a crime and the punishments suitable for these recognized crimes.Criminal conduct is the behavior which threatens the safety and security of the community. So the offender should be punished by imprisonment or fine or some other sanctions.Examples: murder, piracy, fire raising, assault, fraud, theftCivil law is concerned with non-criminal disputes and situation.The settlement of legal disputes between individuals and otherbodiesThe payment of compensation from one party to another for loss or injuryThe setting of procedures to govern financial and other matters. example divorce case.。

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What is Criminal Law?（什么是刑法）deals with all types of offences and crime.It concerns itself with the recognition of what amounts to a crime and the punishments suitable for these recognized crimes.Main sources of modern Scots law（现代苏格兰法主要来源）European Union LawPrimary Legislation: Treaty of Rome1957The Single European Act1986The Treaty on European Union—by European UnionSecondary Legislation：Regulation规定Directives指示Recommendations建议Opinions意见Statutory Sources of Law：1.Acts of Parliament （议会立法）2.Delegated Legislation （委托立法）3.European Union law. （欧盟法）Common Law Sources：1.Judicial Precedent （司法先例）2.Custom （习惯法）3.Equity (衡平法)4.Institutional Writings. （经典法学著作）Judicial Precedent （司法判例）案例：Donoghue V Stevenson 1932 SC (HL)31This is the most common method by which English law is made.If no provision in legislation, the judge must make a decision which he/she sees as fair and just. The judge is actually making the law.He/she is creating a precedent, and the decision will be followed in the future in similar cases. Result in the creation of ‘case law’.If contrary legislation is passed later, the legislation will overrule it.Four most important institutions of European Union(欧盟4个主要机构)理事会Council of ministers议会European Parliament法院the European court of Justice欧盟委员会the European commissionLaw–making powers by European Union institutions（欧盟的立法机构）理事会Council of ministers议会European ParliamentWhich the Westerminster Parliament or the Scottish Paliament is the surperior legislation body？Why？（威斯敏斯特议会和苏格兰议会哪个权力大）（1）Westerminster Parliament（2）The Scottish Parliament is no longer a completely independent body after 1707.Westminster Parliament to make laws to give the right to the Scottish Parliament, Scottish Parliament enacted two laws, the British Parliament can overturn the laws enacted by the Scottish Parliament.Name Acts of Parliament(苏格兰制定的法律名称)(1)Sale of Goods Act 1979(2)Employment Rights Act 1996(3)Human Rights Act 1998(4)Protection of Children (Scotland) Act 2003(5)The health and safety at work Act 1974What is a crime？(什么是犯罪) Example举例Crime refers to the organization or individual in violation of criminal laws and regulations, have been identified as violations of civil privately owned property, violation of personal rights, democratic rights and other rights, and other harmful social behavior. Fox example,In order for seizure of a person's property and intentionally murdered himExamples of Criminal conduct刑事犯罪例子Murder（谋杀）Rape（强奸）Armed robbery(持械抢劫)Manslaughter（过失杀人）Grievous bodily harm（故意伤害罪）Assuming there examples a conflict between Scots and European Union law which one of the two legal system are the Scottish Courts bound to follow？（当苏格兰法和欧盟法发生冲突时，苏法院该遵守欧盟法，解释）When the 1707,Scotland became part of the United Kingdom, Scotland must comply with the United Kingdom, the United Kingdom to give Scotland the power to develop secondary legislation, but the British Parliament enacted legislation to overthrow the power of Scotland. Britain joined the EU in 1973, the United Kingdom must accept some of the major EU policies and laws. So when Scottish law and EU law conflict, the Soviet Union the court must comply with EU law.Name in order of importance the two legislative bodies which can pass laws for the people of Scotland（苏格兰可以遵守哪2个立法机构制定的法律）Westerminster ParliamentScottish ParliamentExamples of the legal rules made by EU（欧盟的立法）Regulations （规则）Directives （指令）Recommendations（建议）Opinions（意见）Decisions（决定）What do you understand by the phrase the primacy of European Union Law？（怎样理解欧盟的首位立法）The first is the fact that EU legislation and the provisions of EU legislation in conflict with the law of Scotland, Scotland has its own laws, but as the price, the Scottish court is obliged to implement the provisions of the European Union.What is Statute Law（什么是成文法）Statute Legislation Passed by United Kingdom Parliament.United Kingdom Parliament can make law for the whole UK Scottish Parliament can make law for Scottish people.成文法例子：《acts of Seadrift》《acts of Ad journal》What does (Scotland) in the title of the Protection of Children (Scotland) Act 1993 mean The word (Scotland) in the title of the Protection of Children (Scotland) Act 1993 means that this piece of legislation applies to Scotland only. Any Act of the Westminster or Scottish Parliament with the phrase (Scotland) in its title will apply to Scotland only i.e. the legislation willnot apply to any other part of the United Kingdom.。