大学英语教程4第八单元课文翻译

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《全新版大学英语综合教程》第四册Text A (Unit 1-8)课文翻译

《全新版大学英语综合教程》第四册Text A (Unit 1-8)课文翻译

《全新版大学英语综合教程》第四册Text A参考译文第一单元与自然力量抗争课文A人道是骄兵必败。

就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧,他们所向披靡,便以为自己战无不胜,不可阻挡。

但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。

冰雪卫士奈拉·B·斯密斯1812年,法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。

他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。

他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。

但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌——俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。

1941年,纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。

希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌。

他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。

希特勒希望速战速决,但是,就像在他之前的拿破仑一样,他得到的是痛苦的教训。

仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。

拿破仑发起的战役1812年春,拿破仑在俄国边境屯兵60万。

这些士兵受过良好训练,作战力强,装备精良。

这支军队被称为大军。

拿破仑对马到成功充满自信,预言要在5个星期内攻下俄国。

不久,拿破仑的大军渡过涅曼河进入俄国。

拿破仑期盼着的速决速胜迟迟没有发生。

令他吃惊的是,俄国人并不奋起抵抗。

相反,他们一路东撤,沿途焚毁庄稼和民居。

大军紧追不舍,但它的长驱直入很快由于粮草运输缓慢而停顿下来。

到了8月,法俄两军在斯摩棱斯克交战,这一战役中,双方各有上万人阵亡。

可是,俄国人仍能在自己的国土上继续后撒。

拿破仑未能取得决定性的胜利。

此刻他面临着一个重要抉择。

是继续追击俄国,军队,还是把军队驻扎在斯摩棱斯克,在那儿度过将到的冬天?拿破仑孤注一掷,决定向远在448公里之外的莫斯科进发。

1812年9月7日,法俄两军在莫斯科以西112公里外的鲍罗季诺激战。

夜幕降临时,3万名法国士兵以及4万4千名俄国士兵或伤或亡,倒在了战场上。

俄国军队再次撤往安全之处。

拿破仑顺利进入莫斯科,然而,对该市的占领成为毫无意义的胜利。

大学体验英语综合教程4课文翻译(附第八单元)及课后翻译

大学体验英语综合教程4课文翻译(附第八单元)及课后翻译

A无名英雄:职业父亲意味着什么?在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时,我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具故事》的电影。

我们很喜欢这部片子,但随后我丈夫问道:“父亲在哪儿呢?”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。

可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。

父亲不仅没有出现,他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿,说明他不可能离开太长时间。

影片给人的感觉是,父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节,甚至不需要做任何解释。

新闻媒体倾向于把父亲的边缘化,这只是一个例子,它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。

大卫?布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。

职业母亲(我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的)奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。

与此同时,媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。

看起来似乎父亲惟一值得人们提及的时候是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候(我怀疑这一说法的可靠性,因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟、给汽车换机油或其它一些典型地由男人们做的事),或者是在他们去世的时候。

当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时,许多父亲都回答这一词语只有在葬礼上听到。

这种“无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。

我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持,我只是想指出在实际生效的双重标准:家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬,而家庭全职母亲和养家活口的父亲,所得到文化上的认同却很少,甚至完全得不到。

我们用来讨论父亲角色(即没出息的父亲)的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭承担的责任缺乏赏识。

我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法,在人们呼吁应该考虑给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时,很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女子,同样也适应于男子。

我们这个社会表现出似乎家庭职责对父亲来说并不象对母亲那么重要——似乎事业上的满足就是男人生活的全部。

新标准大学英语综合教程4课文翻译1-8

新标准大学英语综合教程4课文翻译1-8

Unit 1大学毕业找工作的第一要义:别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天,超过65 万的大学生毕业离校,其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。

在当今金融危机的背景下,做父母的该如何激励他们?七月,你看着21 岁英俊的儿子穿上学士袍,戴上四方帽,骄傲地握着优等学士学位证书,拍毕业照。

这时,记忆中每年支付几千英镑,好让儿子吃好、能参加奇特聚会的印象开始消退。

总算熬到头了。

等到暑假快要结束,全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候,你发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。

他只是偶尔走开去发短信,浏览社交网站Facebook,去酒吧喝酒。

这位前“千禧一代”的后裔一夜之间变成了哼哼一代的成员。

他能找到工作吗?这就是成千上万家庭所面临的景象:今年夏天,超过65 万大学生毕业,在当今金融危机的背景下他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么。

父母只会唠叨,而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者,他们知道自己该找份工作,但却不知道如何去找。

来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业,获得二级一等荣誉学士学位。

他走进大学就业服务中心,又径直走了出来,因为他看见很多人在那里排长队。

跟他一起住的另外 5 个男孩也都跟他一样,进去又出来了。

找工作的压力不大,虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更清晰的计划。

他说:“我申请政治学研究工作,但被拒了。

他们给的年薪是1 万8 千镑,交完房租后所剩无几,也就够买一罐煮豆子,可他们还要有研究经历或硕士学位的人。

然后我又申请了公务员速升计划,并通过了笔试。

但在面试时,他们说我‘太冷漠’了,谈吐‘太像专家治国国论者’。

我觉得自己不可能那样,但我显然就是那样的。

”打那以后他整个夏天都在“躲”。

他能够轻松复述《交通警察》中的若干片段,他白天看电视的时间太多,已经到了影响健康的地步。

跟朋友谈自己漫无目标的日子时,他才发现他们的处境和自己的并没有两样。

其中一位朋友在父母的逼迫下去超市摆货,其余的都是白天9 点到5 点“无所事事”,晚上去酒吧喝酒打发时间。

大学英语精读第四册UnitEight内容讲解

大学英语精读第四册UnitEight内容讲解

大学英语精读第四册UnitEight内容讲解大学英语精读第四册Unit Eight内容讲解导语:洞穴通常由水的侵蚀作用,或是风与微生物等其他外力的风化作用形成。

下面是讲解一篇有关洞穴的英语课文,欢迎大家来学习。

TextWould you choose to live underground if you could gain many advantages from doing so? Weather would no longer trouble you. Temperature would remain the same all the year round. Artificial lighting could make the rhythm of our life uniform everywhere. And the ecology of the natural world above ground would be greatly improved. Still, the prospect of moving underground may not be appealing to many people.THE NEW CAVESIsaac AsimovDuring the ice ages, human beings exposed to the colder temperatures of the time would often make their homes in caves. There they found greater comfort and security than they would have in the open.We still live in caves called houses, again for comfort and security. Virtually no one would willingly sleep on the ground under the stars. Is it possible that someday we may seek to add further to our comfort and security by building our houses underground -- in new, manmade caves?It may not seem a palatable suggestion, at first though. We have so many evil associations with the underground. In our myths and legends, the underground is the realm of evil spirits and of the dead, and is often the location of an afterlife of torment. (This may be because dead bodies are buriedunderground, and because volcanic eruptions make the underground appear to be a hellish place of fire and noxious gases.)Yet there are advantages to underground life, too, and something to be said for imagining whole cities, even mankind generally, moving downward; of having the outermost mile of the Earth's crust honeycombed with passages and structures, like a gigantic ant hill.First, weather would no longer be important, since, it is primarily a phenomenon of the atmosphere. Rain, snow, sleet, fog would not trouble the underground world. Even temperature variations are limited to the open surface and would not exist underground. Whether day or night, summer or winter, temperatures in the underground world remain equable and nearly constant. The vast amounts of energy now expended in warming our surface surroundings when they are too cold, and cooling them when they are too warm, could be saved. The damage done to manmade structures and to human beings by weather would be gone. Transportation over local distances would be simplified. (Earthquakes would remain a danger, of course.)Second, local time would no longer be important. On the surface, the tyranny of day and night cannot be avoided, and when it is morning in one place, it is noon in another, evening in still another and midnight in yet another. The rhythm of human life therefore varies from place to place. Underground, where there is no externally produced day, but only perpetual darkness, it would be arificial lighting that produces the day and this could be adjusted to suit man's convenience.The whole world could be on eight-hour shifts, starting andending on the stroke everywhere, at least as far as business and community endeavors were concerned. This could be important in a freely mobile world. Air transportation over long distances would no longer have entail "jet lag." Individuals landing on another coast or another continent would find the society they reached geared to the same time of day as at home.Third, the ecological structure could be stabilized. T o a certain extent, mankind encumbers the Earth. It is not only his enormous numbers that take up room; more so, it is all the structures he builds to house himself and his machines, to make possible his transportation and communication, to offer him rest and recreation. All these things distort the wild, depriving many species of plants and animals of their natural habitat -- and sometimes, involuntarily, favoring a few, such as rats and roaches.If the works of man were removed below ground -- and, mind you, below the level of the natural world of the burrowing animals —— man would still occupy the surface with his farms, his forestry, his observation towers, his air terminals and so on, but the extent of that occupation would be enormously decreased. Indeed, as one imagines the underground world to become increasingly elaborate, one can visualize much of the food supply eventually deriving from hydroponic growth in artificially illuminated areas underground. The Earth's surface might be increasingly turned over to park and to wilderness, maintained at ecological stability.Fourth, nature would be closer. It might seem that to withdraw underground is to withdraw from the natural world, but would that be so? Would the withdrawal be more complete than it is now, when so many people work in city buildings that are often windowless and artificially conditioned? Even where thereare windows, what is the prospect one views (if one bothers to) but sun, sky, and buildings to the horizon -- plus some limited greenery?And to get away from the city now? T o reach the real countryside? One must travel horizontally for miles, first across city pavements and then across suburban sprawls.In an underworld culture, the countryside would be right there, a few hundred yards above the upper level of the cities -- wherever you are. The surface would have to be protected from too frequent, or too intense, or too careless visiting, but however carefully restricted the upward trips might be, the chances are that the dwellers of the new caves would see more greenery, under ecologically healthier conditions, than dwellers of surface cities to today.However odd and repulsive underground living may seem at first thought, there are tings to be said for it -- and I haven't even said them all.New Wordsvirtuallyad. almostsomedayad. at some uncertain future time 有朝一日undergrounda. below the surface of the earth; secret 地下的;秘密的ad. under the earth's surface; secretlymanmadea. produced by people; not existing in naturepalatablea. agreeable to the taster or (fig.) to the mind; acceptable 可口的;受欢迎的associationn. an idea or object connected with another idea in thought 联想legendn. an old story handed down from the past, esp. one of doubtful truth 传说;传奇spiritjn. 神灵;鬼怪locationn. a place or position 场所,位置afterlifen. the life after death as is believed by some people 来世tormentn. sever pain or suffering in mind or body 痛苦;折磨volcanica. of, like, produced or caused by a volcanoeruptionn. outbreak of a volcano; (an example of) the action of erupting (火山)爆发hellisha. like hell, horrible, devilishnoxiousharmful to people, plants, or animals 有害的,有毒的mankindn. the human race 人类downwardad. towards a lower level or positionoutermosta. farthest from the inside or centercrustn. 地壳honeycombvt. fill with holes, tunnels, etc. 使成蜂窝状gigantica. huge, enormous; of or like a giant 巨大的,庞大的antn. 蚂蚁fogn. very thick mistvariationn. the action of varying; an example or degree of varying 变化equablea. steady; not changing much 稳定的constanta. unchanging; fixed 永桓的simplifyvt. make simple; make easy to do or understandearthquaken. sudden and violent movements of the earth's surface 地震tyrannyn. the cruel or unjust use of power to rule a person or country 专制varyv. (cause to) the different 变化variablea. likely to vary; not steady 易变的n. sth. which can vary in quantity or size 变量externallyad. outsideexternal a.artificala. not natural or real; manmadeadjustvt. set right; change slightly, esp. in order to make suitable for a particular job or new conditions 调整;调节conveniencen. personal comfort or advantage; the quality of being convenient 便利,方便convenient a.stoken. sound made by a bell striking the hours 钟鸣声communityn. the people living in a particular area considered as a whole; the area itself 社区(居民)endeavo(u)rn. effort, attempt 努力vt. 试图mobilea. movable; able to move, or be moved, quickly and easily 活动的entailvt. make (an event or action) necessary 使成为必需jetn. a narrow stream or streams of liquid, gas, etc. coming forcefully out of a small hole; any aircraft that is pushed through the air by a jet engine 喷射;喷气式飞机lagn. falling behind; interval between two related events, processes, etc. 滞后;(事件等的)间隔jet lag(长时间乘飞机旅行后产生的)时差反应coastn. the land on or close to the edge of the sea 海岸;海滨gearvt. adjust, adapt,; connect by gearsn. 齿轮;(汽车等的)排档stabilizev. (cause to) become firm, steady, or unchanging; (cause to) keep in balance 使稳定;使平衡extentn. degree; length; area; range 程度,范围encumbervt. crowd, fill up; hinder, hamper the function of 塞满,妨碍recreationn. play or amusement 娱乐deprivevt. take away from; prevent from using or enjoying 剥夺speciesn. 物种habitatn. natural home of a plant or an animal 产地;栖息involuntarilyad. carried out without one's conscious wishes, unintentionally 不自觉地;无意识地ratn. 鼠roachn. 蟑螂burrowv. dig a hole in the ground 打(地洞)n. a hole made in the ground (by foxes, rabbits, etc.)forestryn. forest land; science of planting and caring for forests 林地;林学terminaln. a place or set of buildings for the use of passengers 终点站air terminaln. a building at an airport for boarding and discharging passengers from aircraft; a bus station in center of a town for passengers going to or arriving from an airport 航空终点站;航空集散站occupationn. the act of occupying or the state or period of being occupiedelaboratea. worked out with great care; complicated 精心制作的.;复杂的visualizevt. form a picture of (sb. or sth.) in the mind; imagine 想像visuala. of or gained by seeing 视觉的derivevi. come (from); originate 来(自),起源(于)vt. gethydroponica. 溶液培养(学)的;水栽法的illuminatevt. give light to; throw light on 照亮,照明wildernessn. wild uncultivated waste land 荒野stabilityn. the quality or state of being stable 稳定(性)withdraw (withdrew, withdrawn)v. move back or away; take out or away 撤退,撤回withdrawaln. withdrawing or being withdrawnconditionvt. bring into a desired state or condition 使处于良好状态greeneryn. green leaves or plants 草木countrysiden. land outside the cities and towns; country area 农村horizontallyad. 水平地horizontal a.pavementn. (BrE) a paved surface or path a street for people to walk on, (AmE) the paved surface of a street (英)人行道, (美)铺过的道路suburbana. of or in a suburb 郊区的sprawln. a widespread untidy area, esp. of buildings 散乱的街区underworldn. a region undergroundculturen. ideas, customs and art shared by a particular society; a particular society or civilization 文化;文明intensea. (of qualities) high in degree 强烈的restrictvt. keep within limits 限制dwellern. a person or animal that lives (in the stated place); inhabitant 居住者repulsivea. very unpleasant; causing strong dislike and fear 令人厌恶的Phrases & Expressionsexpose toleave no longer covered or protected 使暴露在in the open在户外,在野外add toincrease 增加on the stokeat exactly the time stated or agree upon 准点地at first thoughtwhen considered for the first 乍一想to a certain extentpartly, to a certain degree 在一定程度上take upoccupy (space, time, etc.) 占据deprive oftake away from; prevent from using or having 剥夺mind you(used as an interj.) please note, take this fact into account 听着;请注意derive fromcome from; obtain from 来自,起源于;从……得到turn overgive (to sb.) for use or care 移交;交给get away fromsucceed in leaving; escape 离开;逃脱。

新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit-8)课后答案及课文翻译

新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit-8)课后答案及课文翻译

新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit-8)课后答案及课文翻译应K e y t o b o o k4u n i t1- 4 Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four yearsaway, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or(b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or(b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without makinga decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of anevent (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problem s. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place lookbrighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discour se marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in use word formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view(a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook) try as … might3 Rewrite the se ntences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I migh t to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserve s, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should getthe job.3 Since we’r e all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I thin k it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rat her late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, orinteresting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But m y parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetablesthrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is no t all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this r ate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.(?翻译时可以根据上下文增译,即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。

新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-8)课后答案及课文翻译

新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-8)课后答案及课文翻译

新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-8)课后答案及课文翻译B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are youlikely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likelyto feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do yousuggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to thereader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London Schoolof Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (i t’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in use1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences us ing try as … might .。

Unit8新视野大学英语4第二版课文及翻译

Unit8新视野大学英语4第二版课文及翻译

Unit8新视野大学英语4第二版课文及翻译I remember the very day that I became black.Up to my thirteenth year I lived in the little Negro town of Eatonville, Florida.<P1>It is exclusively a black town.The only white people I knew passed through the town going to or coming from Orlando, Florida.The native whites rode dusty horses, and the northern tourists traveled down the sandy village road in automobiles.The town knew the Southerners and never stopped chewing sugar cane when they passed.<P2>But the Northerners were something else again.They were peered at cautiously from behind curtains by the timid.<P3>The bold would come outside to watch them go past and got just as much pleasure out of the tourists as the tourists got out of the village.The front deck might seem a frightening place for the rest of the town, but it was a front row seat for me.My favorite place was on top of the <1>gatepost</1>.Not only did I enjoy the show, but I didn't mind the actors knowing that I liked it.I usually spoke to them in passing.I'd wave at them and when they returned my wave, I would say a few words of greeting.Usually the automobile or the horse paused at this, and after a strange exchange of greetings, <P4>I would probably "go a piece of the way" with them, as we say in farthest Florida, and follow them down the road a bit.If one of my family happened to come to the front of the house in time to see me, of course the conversation would be rudely broken off.<P5>During this period, white people differed from black to me only in that they rode through town and never lived there.<P6>They liked to hear me "speak pieces" and sing and wanted to see me dance, and gave me generously of their small silver for doing these things, which seemed strange to me, for I wanted to do them so much that I needed bribing to stop.Only they didn't know it.The colored people gave no coins.They disapproved of any joyful tendencies in me, but I was their Zora nevertheless.I belonged to them, to the nearby hotels, to the country—everybody's Zora.But changes came to the family when I was thirteen, and I was sent to school in Jacksonville.I left Eatonville as Zora.When I got off the <2>riverboat</2> at Jacksonville, she was no more.It seemed that I had suffered a huge change.I was not Zora of Eatonville anymore; I was now a little black girl.I found it out in certain ways.In my heart as well as in the mirror, I became a permanent brown—like the best shoe polish, guaranteed not to rub nor run.<P7>Someone is always at my elbow reminding me that I am the granddaughter of slaves.<P8>It fails to register depression with me.Slavery is something sixty years in the past.The operation was successful and the patient is doing well, thank you.The terrible war that made me an American instead of a slave said "Onthe line!".The period following the Civil War said "Get set!", and the generation before me said "Go!".Like a foot race, I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the middle to look behind and weep.Slavery is the price I paid for civilization, and the choice was not with me.No one on earth ever had a greater chance for glory—the world to be won and nothing to be lost.<P9>It is thrilling to think, to know, that for any act of mine, I shall get twice as much praise or twice as much blame.It is quite exciting to hold the center of the national stage, with the audience not knowing whether to laugh or to weep.I do not always feel colored.Even now I often achieve the unconscious Zora of that small village, Eatonville.For instance, I can sit in a restaurant with a white person.We enter chatting about any little things that we have in common and the white man would sit calmly in his seat, listening to me with interest.At certain times I have no race, I am me.<P10>But in the main, I feel like a brown bag of mixed items <3>propped</3> up against a wall—against a wall in company with other bags, white, red and yellow.Pour out the contents, and there is discovered a pile of small things both valuable and worthless.Bits of broken glass, lengths of string, a key to a door long since decayed away, a rusty <4>knife-blade</4>, old shoes saved for a road that never was and never will be, a nail bent under the weight of things too heavy for any nail, a dried flower or two still with a little <5>fragrance</5>.In your hand is the brown bag.On the ground before you is the pile it held—so much like the piles in the other bags, could they be emptied, that all might be combined and mixed in a single heap and the bags refilled without altering the content of any greatly.A bit of colored glass more or less would not matter.<P11>Perhaps that is how the Great Stuffer of Bags filled them in the first place—who knows?我清楚地记得我成为黑人的那一天。

新视野大学英语4课文翻译Unit8

新视野大学英语4课文翻译Unit8

新视野大学英语4课文翻译Unit8新视野大学英语4课文翻译Unit 8社会上的不平等现象有哪些呢?新视野大学英语4Unit 8的主题就是“社会上的不平等”。

下面是店铺整理的课文翻译,欢迎阅读!新视野大学英语4Unit 8课文翻译【1】我清楚地记得我成为黑人的那一天。

13岁之前我一直住在佛罗里达州的一个黑人小镇伊顿维尔。

小镇的居民全是黑人。

我所认识的白人都是来自佛罗里达的奥兰多或是去往奥兰多的过路人。

本地的白人骑着风尘仆仆的马匹,而北方来的旅游者则驾着汽车沿着乡下的沙土路一路驶来。

小镇的人见惯了南方人,因此他们经过时小镇的人照旧大嚼甘蔗。

但是看到北方人则是另一回事。

胆怯的人躲在窗帘后小心翼翼地偷看他们,胆大的则会走到屋外看着他们经过,感到很有趣,就像这些旅游者看到这村庄也感到很有趣一样。

门前平台可能是镇上其他人不敢去的地方,但对我来说,那儿就像前排座位一样。

我最爱坐在门柱上。

我喜欢在那儿看人们来来往往,也不在乎让那些人知道我喜欢看他们,通常还与他们搭几句话。

我向他们挥手,如果他们也向我挥手,我还会与他们打招呼。

骑马或驾车的人通常会停下来,我们不可思议地互打招呼之后,我可能会随着他们“颠儿几步”,这是我们佛罗里达最南边的说法,意思是跟着他们走上一小段路。

如果正巧赶上家里人来到房前看见我,他们就会毫不客气地打断我们的交谈。

那段日子里,在我看来,白人和黑人的区别只不过是他们路过小镇,但从不住在这里。

他们喜欢听我“说几句”,喜欢听我唱歌,看我跳舞,并为此大方地给我小银币这倒使我感到意外,因为我太愿意跟他们“说上几句”,太愿意为他们唱歌跳舞了,他们给我钱时我才会停下来。

只是他们不知道这一点。

黑人不会给我钱,对我表现出的任何一点欢乐的苗头,他们都不赞同。

但我仍然是他们的佐拉,我是属于他们,属于周围的旅馆,属于那个地方,属于每一个人的佐拉。

但我13岁时,家里发生了变故,我被送到杰克逊维尔的学校去了。

离开伊顿维尔时我还是我,佐拉。

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Book IV Unit 8 In the Jungle在丛林中Annie Dillard1 Like any out-of-the-way place, the Napo River in the Ecuadorian jungle seems real enough when you are there, even central. Out of the way of what? I was sitting on a stump at the edge of a bankside palm-thatch village, in the middle of the night, on the headwaters of the Amazon. Out of the way of human life, tenderness, or the glance of heaven?如同所有僻远之地,当你身临其境时,厄瓜多尔丛林深处的纳波河就显得那么真实,甚至有中心要地的感觉。

那么僻远之地远离什么呢?夜半时分,在亚马逊河的源头,我坐在一个树墩上,身后是傍水的棕榈叶作屋顶的小村落。

远离人类活动,远离脉脉温情。

或者说远离天堂的扫视?2 A nightjar in deep-leaved shadow called three long notes, and hushed. The men with me talked softly: three North Americans, four Ecuadorians who were showing us the jungle. We were holding cool drinks and idly watching a hand-sized tarantula seize moths that came to the lone bulb on the generator shed beside us.一只欧夜鹰在密密的树叶间发出三声长啼,旋即静默无声。

和我一起的那些男人轻声交谈着:3个北美人,4个为我们在丛林中带路的厄瓜多尔人。

我们手里拿着清凉的饮料,悠闲地看着一只有手那么大小的狼蛛捕捉纷纷扑向我们身旁发电机棚屋上一个灯泡的飞虫。

3 It was February, the middle of summer. Green fireflies spattered lights across the air and illumined for seconds, now here, now there, the pale trunks of enormous, solitary trees. Beneath us the brown Napo River was rising, in all silence; it coiled up the sandy bank and tangled its foam in vines that trailed from the forest and roots that looped the shore.时值2月,正当仲夏。

绿莹莹的萤火虫在空中闪出光亮,一会儿这里照亮一下,一会儿那里照亮一下幽木巨树的暗淡的树干。

在我们下方,褐黄色的纳波河水正在涨潮。

万籁俱寂:惟见河水沿着沙岸蜿蜒流过,水沫裹挟在蔓生在森林里的藤蔓间以及盘绕岸边的树根上。

4 Each breath of night smelled sweet. Each star in Orion seemed to tremble and stir with my breath. All at once, in the thatch house across the clearing behind us came the sound of a recorder, playing a tune that twined over the village clearing, muted our talk on the bankside, and wandered over the river, dissolving downstream.夜晚吸入的每口气都沁人心脾。

猎户星座里的每一颗星星似乎都因了我的呼吸而颤动。

突然,我们身后空地旁的茅屋里,传出了录音机的声音,一首乐曲在村子空地之上缭绕,减弱了我们在河畔谈话的声音,然后又传至河面,随流飘去。

5 This will do, I thought. This will do, for a weekend, or a season, or a home.人生遇此情景足矣,我暗想。

在此度过周末足以,在此小住数月足以,在此安家足以。

6 Later that night I loosed my hair from its braids and combed it smooth -- not for myself, but so the village girls could play with it in the morning.夜半时分,我散开辫子,把头发梳理得平平整整--不是为我自己,而是为了村里那些姑娘早上可以玩我的头发。

7 We had disembarked at the village that afternoon, and I had slumped on some shaded steps, wishing I knew some Spanish or some Quechua so I could speak with the ring of little girls who were alternately staring at me and smiling at their toes. I spoke anyway, and fooled with my hair, which they were obviously dying to get their hands on, and laughed, and soon they were all braiding my hair, all five of them, all fifty fingers, all my hair, even my bangs. And then they took it apart and did it again, laughing, and teaching me Spanish nouns, and meetingmy eyes and each other's with open delight, while their small brothers in blue jeans climbed down from the trees and began kicking a volleyball around with one of the North American men.我们是那天下午在这个小村上岸的,我垂着头坐在树阴下的踏级上,真希望自己会说几句西班牙语或盖丘亚语,好跟围成一圈的小女孩说说话,她们一会儿看看我,一会儿又低头看着自己的脚趾窃笑。

我还是开口了,笑着抚弄自己的头发,她们显然也都非常想碰碰我的头发。

没过一会儿,她们就给我编辫子了,她们5个人,50个手指,我是一头辫子,连留海也编成了辫子。

她们拆了编,编了拆,一边笑一边教我西班牙语单词,望望我,又相互对望,个个喜形于色,她们那些穿着牛仔服的小弟弟们则纷纷下得树来,跟一个北美人踢排球玩耍。

8 Now, as I combed my hair in the little tent, another of the men, a free-lance writer from Manhattan, was talking quietly. He was telling us the tale of his life, describing his work in Hollywood, his apartment in Manhattan, his house in Paris.... "It makes me wonder," he said, "what I'm doing in a tent under a tree in the village of Pompeya, on the Napo River, in the jungle of Ecuador." After a pause he added, "It makes me wonder why I'm going back."此刻,我在低矮的帐篷里梳理着头发,另一个北美人,一位来自曼哈顿的自由作家,正在轻声说话。

他在向我们讲述他人生的故事,讲述他在好莱坞的工作、在曼哈顿的公寓、在巴黎的家……“我不由纳闷,”他说,“在厄瓜多尔的丛林里,在纳波河上,在蓬帕雅小村,在树下的帐篷里,自己在干什么。

”他顿了顿,接着说:“我不由寻思,自己为什么要回去。

”9 The point of going somewhere like the Napo River in Ecuador is not to see the most spectacular anything. It is simply to see what is there. We are here on the planet only once, and might as well get a feel for the place. We might as well get a feel for the fringes and hollows in which life is lived, for the Amazon basin, which covers half a continent, and for the life that -- there, like anywhere else -- is always and necessarily lived in detail: on the tributaries, in the riverside villages, sucking this particular white-fleshed guava in this particular pattern of shade.去厄瓜多尔纳波河这种地方不是为了观赏什么世界奇观,而只是去看一看那里有些什么。

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