高一必修一第二单元语法

★ 如果直接引语中的谓语动词是一般 现在时、现在完成时或将来时，变成 间接引语时，时态无需变化。（这一 点同样适用于陈述句和疑问句。） 直接引语与间接引语之间的转换规律 繁多，但同学们要记住：语言是活生 生的，在平时的学习中要灵活掌握并 使用这些规则。
将下列直接引语变为间接引语。 1. “Speak English more often than just in class,” our English teacher said to us. →_________________________________ Our English teacher suggested that we _________________________________ (should) speak English more often than _____________. just in class →_________________________________ Our English teacher suggested speaking _________________________________. English more often than just in class
2. “Don’t play with fire, little boy,” his grandfather said. →________________________________ His grandfather told the little boy not _______________. to play with fire
He said, “These books are mine.”
→ He said those books were his.
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变 化: this→ that; these→ those ; now→ then; yesterday→ the day before; today→ that day; tomorrow→ the next day; next week (month, year)→ the next week (month, year); ago→ before; here→ there．
3. 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接 词，改为陈述语序。例如： The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?” → The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.
4. 如何变时态：
直接引语 一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时 不变 间接引语 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时
He said, “Let’s go to the film.”
→ He suggested going to the film.
或 He suggested that they should go to
see the film.
感叹句从直接引语变为间 接引语时，要注意： ★ 适当改动引用动词，可以使用what 和how作连词，语序不变；也可使用 that引导，将句子变成相应的宾语从句。
直接引语 (变化前) 祈使句
间接引语(变化后) 不定式
The officer said to The officer ordered
him, “Don’t leave him not to leave his
your post.”
post.
直接引语 (变化前) I said to him, “Let’s start at once.”
5. My sister said, “You’d better tidy your room by yourself.” →_________________________________ My sister advised me to tidy my room ___________. by myself
如： 1) She said, “I have lost a pen.” → She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said, “We hope so.” → She said they hoped so. 3) She said, “He will go to see his friend.” → She said he would go to see his friend.
3. Kate said, “Let’s discuss the problem tomorrow.” Kate suggested discussing the problem →__________________________________ the next day ___________. Kate suggested that ________________________________ the problem the next day ______________________.
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直 接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般 不变化。
(1) 直接引语是客观真理。 “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.
人教课标 高一 必修 1 Unit 2
1. He said: “I’ve left my pen in my room.”
→ He said that he had left his pen in his room. 2. She said: “He will be busy.”
→ She said that he would be busy.
3. She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”
→ She asked Tom if/whether he could
help her.
1. 陈述句的间接引语—连接词用that, 在 口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told, 等。例如： He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.” → He told me that he had left his book in his room.
间接引语(变化后) I suggested him
Let’s开头的祈使句 that 引导的宾语从句
that we (should)
start at once.
直接引语 (变化前)
间接引语(变化后) that/what/how引导 的宾语从句 He said that he was very happy.
祈使句的间接引语 —— 采用 “动词 + 宾语 + 不定式” 结构: told / asked / ordered sb. (not) to do sth. 1. 如果祈使句是表示请求，间接引语的
动词常用ask，如果是表示命令，间接
引语的动词常用tell, order, command等。
2. 有些表示建议的祈使句，变成间 接引语时一般用suggest doing / suggest that sb. (should) do ... 或 advise sb. to do / advise that sb. (should) do ...。如：
to waste their time.
2. The mother said, “Tom, get up
early, please.”→
The mother asked Tom to get up early.
直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈 使句，变为间接引语时，通常用 “suggest + 动句词（或从句）。” 例如：
The boy said to us, “I usually get up at six every day.” → The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.
(4) 若直接引语中含有when, since, while等 引导的表示过去的时间状语从句, 变间 接引语时, 从句时态不变。如：
6. Li Ming said to me, “Will you keep the secret for me?” →_________________________________ Li Ming asked me to keep the secret ________. for him
She said, “I went there when I was six
years old.”
→ She said she had gone there when she
was six years old.
(5) 若直接引语的谓语中含有would, should, might, must, used to, ought to, had better等动词时。如： She said, “We should help each other.” → She said we should help each other.
“Let’s go camping this weekend,”
Tom said to us. → Tom suggested (us) ______________ going camping that weekend. → Tom suggested that _______________ we (should) go _____ camp that weekend.