现在分词作状语的分类(伴随、让步、条件、时间等等)

谓语动词：有提示词，句子缺谓语(与主语构成主谓结构)1.1 ______ (tell) by my classmates about that.2. My mother ofte n ________ (stop) me from watch ing TV.时态语态变化,及主谓一致非谓语动词(主动---doi ng, 被动---do ne, 目的/结果/将要to do ,)1. We must also con sider the react ion of the pers on ___ (receive) the gift.2. My pupils, Tom ________ (in clude), liked her.1. He en tered, _____ (hold) a book in his hand.2. He en tered the room and ____ (hold) a book in his hand.3. I politely refused her in vitatio n and (walk) away.4. I politely refused her in vitatio n, (walk) away.两个动词是同时发生的时候主语+谓语1 + and / but + 谓语2主语+谓语，+非谓语1. When he ________ (come) in, I was readi ng a book.2. Uni ess I ______ (in vite), I won 'atte nd he party.3. When _____ (hear) the n ews, I was excited.4. Uni ess __ (in vite), I won 'atte nd he party.---When/ if / unless / /After/Before 等连词后没有主语 + 非谓语(---ing /---ed ), 主句---Whe n / if / un less / /After /Before 等连词 + 主语 + 谓语，主句1. A boy _______ ( call ) Jack came here today2. A boy who ________ ( call ) Jack came here today3. We enjoy the movie ________ (direct) by a world famous artist.4. We enjoy the movie which ________ (direct) by the world famous artist.名词后没关系词时+非谓语，非谓语动词修饰前面的名词做定语名词后有关系词时+谓语，做定语从句中的谓语1. You can 'catch me! ” Janet shouted, _______ (run) away.2. He said tha nks and __ (smile) a row of teeth.3. When first ___________ (in troduce) to the market, these products enjoyed greatsuccess.4. When he _______ ( arrive ) at the corner , he met his friend.5. ________ ( sleep ) late, he turned off the alarm clock.6. Don 'tuse words, expressi ons, or phrases ___ (know) only to people withspecific kno wledge.[例 1] I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man18 _ (sit) at the fro nt. ( 2011 广东卷)[例 2] He spit it out, __37 (say) it was awful. ( 2010 广东卷)[例 3]The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ____________ t hat we mayn eed a n ati on wide campaig n to raise aware ness of the risks of smok ing.A. suggestB. suggestsC. suggestedD.suggest ingturn1. If you ___ to the left, you'll find the post office.2. ____ to the left, and you'll find the post office.3. to the left , you'll find the post office .[例 4] She wished that he wasas easy 32 _____ (please)as her mother ,who was alwaysdelighted with perfume . (2009 广东卷)see(1)_______ from the top of the hill, our house looks like a car.(2)_______ the dog come over, our friend ran away.(3) _______ from the top of a hill, and you ' II find the city more beautiful.(4) _______ more clearly, they came up and got close to it.1. When _____________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.2. _________ with other top stude nts, you are better.discuss(1) ___________________________ The question now at the meeting is very important.(2) ___________________ The question at the meeting last week is very important.(3) _____________________________ The questi on at the meeti ng n ext week is very importa nt.1. ____ many times, but he still could n't understand it.2. ____ many times, he still could n't un dersta nd it.A. Havi ng bee n toldB. ToldC. He was toldD. To be told1. He is the best one ____ (do) the job.2. He was con sidered the first man ______________ (invent) the teleph one.动词不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生用to have done1. ___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (lose)2. ___ of_play ing football, he went back to the classroom. (tire)3. ___ with_difficulty, he rushed forward bravely. (face)有些过去分词源于系表结果，分词已经形容词化，相当于形容词be lost in; be interested in; be tired of; be satisfied with ; be excited about;be faced with; be dressed in ； be seated1. He hurried to the booking office ， only ______________ (tell) that all the ticketshad bee n sold out.to do表示结果一表示出人预料的情况或结果，常用only强调。

2. Europea n football is played in 80 coun tries, _____ (make) it the mostpopular sport in the world.分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的结果。

His father died last year, (leave)_him_a _l arge fortune.1. The flowers sweet in the garde n attract the visitors to the beauty of n ature.A. to smellB. smelli ngC. smeltD. to be smelt"闻起来很香”用来作定语修饰主语flowers 。

感官动词没有被动。

v-ing 作状语的分类☆一般来说，v-ing 形式表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。

☆ -ing 形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。

▲ doing sth. 作时间状语：* _____ (see) my parents waving in the crowd , I went running to them. * _____ (cross) the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.=Whe n he _____ (cross)_the road, the old man was kno cked over by a car.* When _______ (hear)_the news, he got frightened.=When he (hear) the n ews, he got frighte ned.* Having eaten his dinner, the boy (rush)_out. __* _____ (hear)_their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.* ________ (not _______ receive) his letter, I decided to write another letter. ▲ doing sth. 作原因状语：,you should help your students in every way. 'afford a TV set. ) her address, I can't write to her._______ (live) with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. (eat) too much, he couldn _ 'tgo to sleep.▲ doing sth. 作结果状语：* There is mud and water everywhere, (make)_it_difficult to travel fromplace to place.现在分词作结果状语表示一种必然性(自然结果)。