最新初中英语祈使句讲解及练习
祈使句的结构及用法(附练习题与答案)
• 4. No+/名词以上结构表示禁止,多用于公共场合的标牌或警示语。
• 例如:No littering.禁止乱扔垃圾。
•
No photo.禁止拍照。
• 注意:为了加强祈使句的语气,我们通常在祈使句的动词原形前加上助动词do,此时译为“一定,务必”。例 如:Do lock the door.务必要锁上门。Do write carefully. 一定要仔细写。巧记口诀祈使句巧记口诀祈使句 无主语,主语you常省去;动词原形在句首,加上please较客气。变为否定很容易,句首don't莫忘记。
• 3. Let型(1)肯定句: Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。
• 例如:Let me help you.让我来帮你。
• (2)否定句:don't+let+动词原形+其他成分。或Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分。
• 例如:don't let her cross the street alone.= Let her not cross the street alone.不要让她单独过马路。
祈使句
• 祈使句的种类 • 1. Do型 • (1)肯定句:动词原形(+宾语）+其他成分。 • 例如:Open the door.开门。 • Please have a seat here.请这边坐。 • (2)否定句:don't+动词原形(+宾语）+其他成分。 • 例如:don't watch TV. 不要看电视。 • 2. Be型 • (1)肯定句:Be+表语（名词或形容词）+其他成分。 • 例如: Be a good boy!要做一个好孩子！Be quite, please!请安静！ • (2)否定句:don't be+表语。例如:don't be late.不要迟到。
初中英语祈使句讲解及练习
初中英语祈使句讲解及练习初中英语――祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。
其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。
1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。
（2）Be + n./adj.Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心/ 当心！（3）Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。
2. 否定的祈使句(1) Don't + 动词原形Don't stand up. 别站起来。
Don't be careless. 别粗心。
Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语如：--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。
外面雨下得很大。
---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。
5. 祈使句的反意疑问句(1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。
Please open the do or, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？(2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。
Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？(3) 以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。
初中英语祈使句讲解
祈使句（一）概念：用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告的句子是祈使句。
（二）一般祈使句（省略第二人称主语you）1.肯定句：动词原形+⋯⋯Bebrave.Standup.Stoptalking!Comeonandjoinus!a.有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do.Dostudyhard.Dositdown.b.为了使语气显得客气，可在祈使句的句首或句尾加上please.Please在句尾时，之前一定要加一个逗号。
Pleasecomehere.Gothisway,please.c.祈使句有唤语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或句尾。
LiMing,comehere.Hereyouare,Eric.2.否定Don’tswimintheriver.1/4Don’tbelate.Pleasedon’tbenoisy.Don’ttellher,please.（三）Let祈使句（含有第一、三人称主语）1.肯定句：Letsb.dosth.Let’sgoswimmingonSunday.Letmetryagain.LetTomgotherehimself.Letthenewsbeknown.Leteachmandecideforhimself.2.否定句：Letsb.notdosth.或Don’tletsb.dosth.Don’tletherwastetime.Don’tlethimhearyousaythat.Lethernotdoitalone.Let’snotsaya n y t h a i n b g o u t it.Don’tletthemplaywithfire.3.注意：Let’表s示包括对方。
Letus表示不包括对方。
Let’sgo,shallwe（?包括对方）Letusgo,willyou?（请求对方许，不包括对方）（四）句型转换：祈使句+and/or+陈述句祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。
（完整版）初中英语祈使句讲解及练习
（完整版）初中英语祈使句讲解及练习初中英语――祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。
其主语you 常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。
1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形 +其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。
（2）Be + n./adj.Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子 ! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！（3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分Let me help you.让我来帮你。
Let ' s go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧。
2. 否定的祈使句（1） Don't + 动词原形Don't stand up. 别站起来。
Don't be careless. 别粗心。
Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（2） Let 型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“ Let + 宾语 + not +动词原形 + 其它成分” 。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（3） no 开头 ,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟 !No fishing! 禁止钓鱼 !3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词 Do 。
例如： Do shut up! 快住口！4. 祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用 will 或won ' t 。
在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：1）形式一致（即Yes 与will 保持一致；No 与won ' t 保持一致）2）意思相反（即 Yes 是“不”的意思； No 是“是”的意思）。
最新初中英语语法知识—祈使句的技巧及练习题附答案
一、选择题1．“Sally, ________ afraid of making mistakes in your composition,” said the teacher.A．not be B．don’t be C．be not D．not to be 2．Don’t________ in the classroom. It’s important ________ quiet when you study. A．talk, keep B．to talk, keep C．talk, to keep D．to talk, to keep 3．The teacher often says, “ _____ late for school. ”A．Don’t B．Don’t be C．Not D．Doesn’t 4．Tim,______noisy in the library.A．don’t B．doesn’t C．don’t be D．doesn’t be5．Be quick, ______ you will be late for the school art festival .A．and B．or C．but D．so6．Let’s ______ sports after school. Sports are good for health.A．have B．having C．to have D．has7．Hurry up, you will be late for school.A．so B．or C．and D．but8．— Study hard, _________ you will pass the exam.—I’m sure I will.A．so B．or C．but D．and 9．—Don’t forget to bring your English homework here. —________.A．Yes, I do B．No I don’t C．Yes, I will D．No, I won’t 10．________ the steps, and you can find it convenient to buy things with the mobile phone. A．Follow B．To follow C．Following11．—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.— _________.A．I don't B．I won't C．I will D．I'd like to 12．—_____________ dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes.—OK, Mom.A．Getting B．Get C．To get D．Gets 13．Sam, ________ your teeth before going to bed.A．is brushing B．brushes C．brush D．has brushed 14．—Could you take me to the cinema? I want to see the movie named Pacific Rim (《环太平洋》).—______ your homework first, and then we’ll talk about it.A．Finish B．FinishedC．To finish D．Finishing15．Please let me ________you if you meet trouble.A．help B．to help C．helps D．helping 16．—Let’s __________ volleyball.— That __________ good.A．playing；sounds B．play；soundsC．play；sound D．plays；sound17．—Let’s______ to the songs at the Beach Music Festival this Friday night.—Good idea! I like music.A．listening B．listen C．listens D．to listen 18．_____ hard and you’ll succeed sooner or later.A．Study B．To studyC．Studying D．Studied19．—Millie,______ late for school again.—Sorry, I ______.A．don’t; a m not B．won’t be; don’t C．don’t be; won’t D．won’t be; won’t 20．—Miss Green, would you please tell me how to improve my English?—_____ a study group, and you’ll get help from others.A．Join B．Joining C．To join D．If you join 21．Let's __________ tennis in the playground．（）A．play B．to play C．plays D．to plays22．o music to make you feel happy when you are sad.A．To listen B．Listens C．Listening D．Listen 23．Don't be late for school again, _________?A．do you B．don't you C．won't you D．will you 24．—I am feeling ill. What should I do?— eating junk food and breakfast every day.A．Stop; having B．Stop; have C．To stop; have. D．To stop; to have 25．Hurry up, _________ you will be late for class.A．and B．or C．but D．so【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：老师说：“萨利，不要害怕在作文中犯错误。
中考初中英语祈使句讲解及练习 (2)
中考初中英语祈使句讲解及练习初中英语――祈使句一、概念：祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。
二、句型结构：1、肯定句：2、否定句：1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。
（2）Be + n./adj/prep短语.Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！（3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。
2. 否定的祈使句(1) Don't + 动词原形Don't stand up. 别站起来。
Don't be careless. 别粗心。
Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!No photos！三、练习一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.It’s an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late.2.________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.3.________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite.4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.5._______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6.________________ (look) out! A car is coming.7._______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.二、单项选择1. The TV is too loud. Please________. A.turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it2. _______ late again, Bill!A. Don't to beB. Don't beC. Not beD. Be not3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.A. NotB. Won'tC. Doesn'tD. Don't4. Please help me carry it, ______?A. will IB. will youC. shall ID. shall we5. Don't make so much noise, ______?A. will youB. won't youC. shall weD. do you6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree?A. standB. to standC. standingD. stood7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.A. bringB. bringsC. to bringD. bringing8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.A. TellingB. To tellC. ToldD. Tell9. I've kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time.A. NameB. namedC. namingD. to name10. Don't you know that _______ is good for our health?A. swimB. swimmingC. swamD. swims11 .Her doctor said: “________ work so hard”A StopB Don’tC Can’tD No14. ________him the secret, will you?A Don’t tellB Not to tellC Not tellingD No telling15. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.A Not to readB Don’t readC Don’t to readD Not read16. ________ Your child. We’ll look after him.A Not to worry aboutB Don’t worry aboutC Not worry forD Don’t worry with20.Please ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.A notB don’tC aren’tD can’t三、句型转换1. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句）_______ ________ again more slowly, please.2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句）________ ________me, or I’ll go.4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_______ _______careless, please.5. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_______ _______ next to Nancy.6. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Don't forget to turn off the lights, _______ _______?7. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句）_______ ______, or you'll die.二、英语书面表达专项训练2．如今，很多城市出现了一种绿色出行方式――共享单车（bike-sharing），它因环保、便捷而备受青睐，但同时也引发了一些问题。
初中祈使句类型及练习
●肯定结构:1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。
如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。
如:This way, please. = Go this way, ple ase. 请这边走。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。
如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。
如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
●否定结构:1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。
如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。
如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishin g! 禁止钓鱼! 表示禁止时，尤其是标语等也可用“No+名词／动名词”来表示。
No parking!No entry!No litter!"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词 (The infinitive without"to")之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out, in, down, alone等：(13) Let the puppy out.(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.祈使句专项练习一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
初中英语祈使句讲解
初中英语祈使句讲解祈使句是表示请求、命令、建议或劝告的句子类型。
当我们想要向他人提出请求、给予命令、提出建议或劝告时，可以使用祈使句。
以下是初中英语中常见的祈使句及其用法：1. 单词开头的祈使句单词开头的祈使句- Verb + Object:Verb + Object:- Close the door.（关上门。
）- Study the lesson.（研究这个课程。
）- Verb only:Verb only:- Wake up.（醒来。
）- Listen.（听。
）2. Modal verb + Verb:Modal verb + Verb:- Can you help me?（你可以帮助我吗？）- Could you please pass me the book?（请你把书递给我好吗？）3. Let's + Verb:Let's + Verb:- Let's go shopping.（我们去购物吧。
）- Let's play soccer.（我们去踢足球吧。
）4. Don't + Verb:Don't + Verb:- Don't be late.（不要迟到。
）- Don't forget your homework.（别忘了你的作业。
）5. Please + Verb:Please + Verb:- Please be quiet.（请保持安静。
）- Please open the window.（请打开窗户。
）需要注意的是，祈使句的主语通常省略，因为它的主语是默认为“你”或一个群体。
希望以上内容对你理解初中英语祈使句有所帮助。
如有疑问，请随时向我提问。
英语祈使句讲法及练习和答案
祈使句一、祈使句（Imperative Sentence）定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句. 祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。
祈使句的动词都为一般现在时。
例：Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。
——命令）Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.）（请安静。
——请求）Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。
——劝告）Watch your steps. （走路小心。
——警告）Look out！Danger！（小心！危险！——强烈警告，已如感叹句）No parking. （禁止停车。
——禁止）二、祈使句的否定形式祈使句的否定形式是在整个结构之前加don’t或never。
如：Don’t you be nervous!你不要紧张!以let为引导词的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Let’s或Let us／me 后加not。
如：Let’s not waste our time arguing about it! 咱们别浪费时间争论这事了! Let’s not say anything about it! 这事咱们谁也别说!但英式英语也用这样的表达：Don’t let’s say anything about it. 三、祈使句的反意疑问句1．祈使句的反意疑问部分为肯定形式，要用will。
如：Pass me the book，will you?2．Let’s表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“Shall we?”。
如： Let’s go for a walk，shall we?Let’s forget it，shall we?3．Let me和Let us 表示第二人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“will you?”。
如：Let us go for a walk，will you?4．其它行为动词引起的祈使句，无论其陈述部分是否定还是肯定的祈使句，多用“will you?”，表一种客气的语气。
(完整版)初一祈使句练习及讲解
1 祈使句（Imperative Sentence）1.1 定义用于表达意愿、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。
祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。
祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束，读时用降调。
例：Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。
——命令）Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.）（请安静。
——请求）Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。
——劝告）Watch your steps. （走路小心。
——警告）Look out！Danger！（小心！危险！——强烈警告）Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。
——禁止）No parking. （禁止停车。
——禁止）No eating or drinking. (禁止吃喝。
——禁止)No littering. (禁止乱扔垃圾。
——禁止)祈使句也常把主语“Y ou”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如：You go and tell him, Chris. （克立斯去告诉他。
）1.2 概念口诀祈使句无主语，主语you常省去；动词原形谓语当，句首加don't变否定；朗读应当用降调，句末常标感叹号。
1.3 表现形式1.3.1 肯定句1．Do型(即：动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。
如：Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。
如：This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。
2．Be型(即：Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。
如：Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!3．Let型(即：Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分)。
如：Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
初中英语――祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。
其主语you 常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。
1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。
（2）Be + n./adj.Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！（3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。
2. 否定的祈使句(1) Don't + 动词原形Don't stand up. 别站起来。
Don't be careless. 别粗心。
Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。
例如：Do shut up! 快住口！4. 祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。
在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：1)形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致)2) 意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思)。
在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。
如：--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。
外面雨下得很大。
---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。
5. 祈使句的反意疑问句(1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。
Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？(2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。
Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？(3) 以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。
Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？<特别注意> 只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或won't you.如：Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.It’s an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late.2.________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.3.________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite.4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read)aloud.5._______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6.________________ (look) out! A car is coming.7._______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8.________________ (not, let) the baby cry.9.Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold.10. Let’s _______________ (not, say) anything about it.二、单项选择1. The TV is too loud. Please________.A. turn it downB. to turn it downC. turn down itD. to turn down it2. _______ late again, Bill!A. Don't to beB. Don't beC. Not beD. Be not3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.A. NotB. Won'tC. Doesn'tD. Don't4. Please help me carry it, ______?A. will IB. will youC. shall ID. shall we5. Don't make so much noise, ______?A. will youB. won't youC. shall weD. do you6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree?A. standB. to standC. standingD. stood7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.A. bringB. bringsC. to bringD. bringing8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.A. TellingB. To tellC. ToldD. Tell9. I've kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time.A. NameB. namedC. namingD. to name10. Don't you know that _______ is good for our health?A. swimB. swimmingC. swamD. swims11 .Her doctor said: “________ work so hard”A StopB Don’tC Can’tD No12. Sindy, ________ to be here at 8 o’clockA is sureB is sure thatC will be sureD be sure13.________ when you cross the road.A Do careB CareC Do be carefulD To be careful14. ________him the secret, will you?A Don’t tellB Not to tellC Not tellingD No telling15. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.A Not to readB Don’t readC Don’t to readD Not read16. ________ Your child. We’ll look after him.A Not to worry aboutB Don’t worry aboutC Notworry for D Don’t worry with 17.They are very tired.Why ________ have a rest?A not theyB do not theyC don’t theyD not to18 --You look rather tired. ________ stopping to have arest?-- All right.A Why notB How aboutC Why not to Dwhy don’t19 ______ tell a lie.A HardlyB NotC NoD Never20.Please ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.A notB don’tC aren’tD can’t三、句型转换1. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句）_______ ________ again more slowly, please.2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句）________ ________me, or I’ll go.3. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句）Let's watch the sports games, _______ _____?4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_______ _______careless, please.5. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_______ _______ next to Nancy.6. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Don't forget to turn off the lights, _______ _______? 7. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句）_______ ______, or you'll die.8. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, _______ _______?9. 这是一个坏了的被子。