2016中考英语专题复习一:名词考点讲解和训练Word版

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(完整版)2016年全国中考英语试题《名词》专题练习含答案解析,推荐文档

(完整版)2016年全国中考英语试题《名词》专题练习含答案解析,推荐文档

2016 年全国中考英语试题专题练习:名词.选择题(共 30 小题)Each couple in China can have two from January 1st , 2016( )A .boyB . girlC . childrenD .child2.( 2016?重庆) It's sports time . Most _____ playground .( )A .boyB . boysC . boy'sD . boys'3.( 2016?绥化)Our school has fifty - sixteachers.( ) A .woman B .women C . woman's4. (2016?宜宾) Yibin is one of the most beautiful __ in Sichuan .( )A . cityB . citiesC . citys 5. _________________________ ( 20 1 6 ?南宁) These inbeautiful dresses will have a party this evening .() A . man B . men C . woman D . women6. ( 2016?绥化) room is big and nice .()A . Kate's and Jane'sB . Kate's and JaneC . Kate and Jane's7. ( 20 1 6 ?新疆) This is bedroom . It's tidy and nice .( )A . Lily's and Lucy'sB . Lily and Lucy'sC . Lily's and LucyD . Lily and Lucy 8. _____________________________ ( 2016?安顺) There'll be a ______________ meeting next week ,and my parents will _____ come forit .( )A . parents';allB . parents'; bothC . parent's ; allD . parent's ; both9. ( 20 1 6 ?东营) - Are you sure this is a photo __ , the famous comedy actress ? - It surprised you ,didn't it ? But she was once really thin .()A . Jia LingB . Jia Ling'sC . of Jia LingD . of Jia Ling's10. ( 20 1 6?黑龙江) The Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议) will help China improve with those related countries , especially Pakistan . ( )A . relationshipB . agreementC . environment11. ________________________________________________ ( 2016?重庆)--- It's hot today . Have some _________________________________________ , please .--- No , thanks . I'm not thirsty at all .() A . water B . potatoes C . breadD . cakes12. ______________________________________________________________ (2016?绵阳)He was born in Germany , but he has made China his ______________________ .( )A . familyB . addressC . houseD . home13. (2016?重庆) It's cold today . Take your _____ with you when you go out .() A . knife B . coat C . brush D . key14. ( 2016?福州)- Who is the person you admire the most ?-Qian Xuesen , the Father of China's Missiles . He is the ______ of China .() A . leader B . pride C . voice15. ( 2016?达州)--- Why did Lucy look unhappy ?--- Because she was so careless that she made many spelling _____ i n her homework .( )1.( 2016?昆明) students in Class 1are playing football on theA . friendsB . plansC . decisionsD . mistakes16.( 2016?江西) Some old people need a ____ because they feel lonely .() A .gift B . stick C .pet D . watch17. (2016?滨州)-Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou ?-Yes , she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great .()Nancy took her temperature and found she had aB . toothacheC . coldD . feverSteve Jobs was full of - always coming up with new ideas which led to greatchanges in society .( )A . instructionB . invitationC . introductionD . invention20.( 2016?广东) The broken _____ may cut into your hand if you touch it , you should be careful .( )A . glassB . glassesC . candleD . candles 21 .( 2016?深圳)- Mr . White , could you give me someadvice ? I have trouble in learning English . -Sure . First , you should be con fide nt and n ever give up . Second, ••-( )A . introductionsB . suggestionsC . instructions22. ________________________________________ ( 2016?自贡)--- How can I get some ___________________________________________ a bout the 2016 Olympic Games ?-- Why not search the Internet ?() A . informationB . experienceC . practice 23. ( 2016?温州) When an earthquake happens , I think the most important safety is to keepcalm ( ) A . rule B . doubt C . condition D . problem24. ( 2016?孝感)- Mom , I will eat less fast food this year , believe me .- If you make a _______ , you must keep it .()A . jokeB . noiseC . mistakeD . promise25. (2016?武汉)--- Look , the boss is very angry with Alex .--- Well , he came late again . But that's no _______ t o shout at him .() A . problem B . lesson C . excuse D . Reason 26. ( 2016?湖北)--- Look!So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there .--- They're for public . This ________ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyangcity .( )A . numberB . pairC . kindD . piece27. ( 2016?东营)- Why do people never cut up the ______________ on their birthdays ? - Because they are a symbol of long life .()A . eggsB . cakesC . noodlesD . dumplings28. ( 2016?德州) Bill will be a/an _________ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2016 Olympics .( )A . guestB . reporterC . touristD . engineer29. ( 2016?山西) During the next few days , I decide to have a good ____ by taking a walk or A . surprise B . achievement C . education D . satisfaction18.( 2016?青岛) A . cough19.( 2016?苏州)seeing a movie. I really need to relax .()A. meal B . sleep C. rest30. (2016?河南)—Are you going out with Jade tonight ? —That's my. Mi nd your own! ( )A .offerB .business C.question D.chance参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共30 小题)1 .(2016?昆明)Each couple in China can have two __ from January 1st ,2016()A .boy B.girl C.children D .child【分析】从2016 年 1 月 1 日起,中国的每对夫妻可以有两个孩子.【解答】答案:C根据此空前的two,可知此处需要可数名词的复数形式. boy、girl、child 都是单数形式.children 为child 的复数形式.故选C.【点评】本题考查可数名词的复数. 可数名词变复数时一般在词尾加s.但是也有特殊情况.如child 的复数就是children.2.(2016?重庆)It's sports time .Most _____ students in Class 1are playing football on the playground .()A .boy B.boys C.boy's D .boys'【分析】现在是运动时间.一班的大部分男生在操场上踢足球.【解答】答案:A根据句子结构可知该空处在句中作定语修饰名词students,选项中是名词boy的各种形式,有其复数形式和单复数的名词所有格形式,根据名词作定语常用单数形式,且不随后面的名词的数而发生改变(man、woman 除外),故填boy 的单数形式即可,故选A.【点评】本题考查了名词作定语的形式,根据名词作定语常用单数形式,结合选项即可选出正确答案.3. (2016?绥化)Our school has fifty - six teachers.()A .womanB .women C.woman's【分析】我们学校有五十六名女教师【解答】答案:B .根据语境teachers是复数,因为woman修饰名词是必须和它修饰的名词保持数的一致,故woman也应为复数women,所以答案为B .【点评】本题考查可数名词的单复数,考生可根据语境作答.4.(2016?宜宾)Yibin is one of the most beautiful __ in Sichuan .()A .city B.cities C.citys【分析】在四川,宜宾是最美丽的城市之一.【解答】答案:B根据"one of the most beautiful…"可知本句是最高级的句子,表示宜宾是最美丽的城市之一.one of后应用名词的复数形式. city为可数名词,且是以辅音+y结尾的单词,故变复数时应该把y变为i加es.故其复数形式为cities .故选B.【点评】本题考查名词的复数形式. 首先找到one of是做题的关键,只有在复数之中才能挑出之一.其次要能正确写出单词的复数形式.5.(2016?南宁)These _____ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening .()A.man B.men C.woman D .women【分析】这些穿漂亮裙子的女人今天晚上要参加一个晚会.【解答】答案:D 根据语境these (这些)可知本空应填复数形式,故可排除 A , C •根据语境in beautiful dresses (穿漂亮裙子)可知应是女人,故可排除答案B ,因此本题答案为 D •【点评】本题考查具体语境中名词的单复数的应用,在理解句意的基础上可正确作答.6. (2016?绥化)room is big and nice •()A .Kate's and Jane'sB .Kate's and JaneC. Kate and Jane's【分析】凯特与简的房间又大又漂亮.【解答】答案:C根据room 为单数形式,及is 知凯特与简共用一个房间,根据名词所有格用法,表示两者共同拥有只在最后一个人后加’s,故应为Kate and Jane's,故选C.【点评】此题考查名词所有格的用法,考生需注意仔细审题,其中room是完成该题的关键.7.(2016?新疆)This is bedroom.It's tidy and nice.()A .Lily's and Lucy'sB .Lily and Lucy'sC.Lily's and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy【分析】这是Lily 和Lucy 的卧室,它又整洁又漂亮.【解答】答案:BLily's and Lucy's指两个分别有的,Lily and Lucy's指两人共有的;根据It's tidy and nice .可知这是一个卧室,是单数,所以应该是两人共有的,故选B.【点评】本题考查名词所有格,先弄清所有格的用法,再根据情景选择正确答案.8.(2016?安顺)There'll be a ______ meeting next week, and my parents will ______ come for it.()A .parents';all B.parents';bothC.parent's;all D.parent's;both【分析】下星期将有一个家长会,我的父母都会来参加的.【解答】答案:B •由于pare nt (父母)是一个复数名词,其所有格应为pare nts根据语境my parents (我的父母亲)是两个人,第二空处应填both (两者都).故答案为:B .【点评】本题考查名词的所有格,考生需结合语境才能正确作答.9. (2016?东营)- Are you sure this is a photo ______ , the famous comedy actress?-It surprised you , did n't it ? But she was once really thin .()A. Jia LingB. Jia Ling'sC. of Jia LingD . of Jia Ling's【分析】-你确定这是著名的喜剧演员贾玲的照片吗?-它让你吃惊了,不是吗?但是她曾经真得很瘦. 【解答】答案:Ca photo of sb. =sb's photo某人的照片;of…的,'s也表示”••的",是所有格形式,故选C.【点评】本题考查名词所有格,注意所有格的表达方法,根据其形式选择正确答案.10.(2016?黑龙江)The Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议)will help China improve with thoserelated countries,especially Pakistan.()A .relationship B.agreement C.environment【分析】一带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些(沿线)相关国家的关系,尤其是巴基斯坦.【解答】答案:A ;relationship 关系;联系;agreement 协定,协议;environment 环境,外界;根据常识,一带一路倡议将会加强与沿线国家的关系;故根据句中信息The Belt and RoadInitiative (—带一路倡议)will help China improve •• with those related countries , especially Pakista n,推测该句句意:带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些(沿线)相关的国家的关系,尤其是巴基斯坦.故选 A .【点评】细读所提供的选项, 认真分析它们的不同含义, 然后在理解句意把握语境的基础上, 选择正确的答案.11. (2016?重庆)--- It's hot today . Have some__________ , please.------ No, thanks. rm not thirsty at all .()A. waterB. potatoesC. breadD. cakes【分析】----- 今天天气很热.请喝些水吧.--- 不,谢谢.我一点也不渴.【解答】答案:A根据选项的意思water"水";potato"土豆";bread"面包";cake"蛋糕",结合答语No , thanks. I'm not thirsty at all" 不,谢谢.我一点也不渴. "可推知在上文中对方让他喝点东西,故选A【点评】首先根据语境, 细读选项中四个名词的不同含义,然后通过题干中的已供信息,捕捉到解题线索即可选出正确答案.12. (2016?绵阳)He was born in Germany, but he has made China his _____ . ()A. familyB. addressC. house D . home【分析】他出生在德国,但是他已经把中国当做他的家.【解答】答案:D family家庭,家人;address地址;house房子;home家.根据"made China…" 可知这是短语make sth sth (把某物看成某物).可知他只能把中国看成他的家.故选 D .【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析.四个词的侧重点不同.本题考查抽象意义的"家",注意与"家人"和"房子"的区别.13.(2016?重庆)It's cold today.Take your _____ w ith you when you go out .()A .knifeB .coat C.brush D.key【分析】今天天气很冷.当你外出时带上你的外套.【解答】答案:B根据It's cold today可知,今天很冷,出门要带上外套;又知knife意为” 小刀” ;coat意为”外套,上衣”;brush意为”刷子";key意为”钥匙".所以此处应用coat.故选B.【点评】此题考查名词词义辨析.做题时,找准关键句判断所缺意思,再分析各选项含义, 筛选出答案.14. (2016?福州)- Who is the person you admire the most ?-Qian Xuesen, the Father of China's Missiles . He is the ______ of China .()A .leaderB .prideC .voice【分析】 -你最崇拜的人是谁?-中国导弹之父钱学森,他是中国的骄傲.【解答】答案:B; leader领导者;pride骄傲;voice嗓音;根据句中信息-Qian Xuesen, the Fatherof China's Missiles 推知后面额句意:他是中国的骄傲;故选B.【点评】比较和分析三个选项的不用含义及其用法是解答该题的关键;还要根据句中信息正确推测该句句意,进而作出解答.15. (2016?达州) ----- Why did Lucy look unhappy ?------ B ecause she was so careless that she made many spelling ____ in her homework.( )A . friendsB . plans C. decisions D. mistakes【分析】-为什么Lucy看起来不高兴?-应为她是如此粗心以至于她的作业犯了很多拼写错误.【解答】答案:D;friend 朋友;plan 计划;decision 决定;mistake 错误;根据句中信息she was so careless推测后面的句意:她的作业犯了很多拼写错误;故选D .【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键,还要从句意着手,根据句意作出解答;所以,平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇,才能很好的完成.16. ( 2016?江西) Some old people need a ______ because they feel lonely.( )A. giftB. stickC. petD. watch【分析】一些老人需要一个宠物因为他们感到孤独.【解答】答案:C根据选项的意思A、礼物;B、拐杖;C、宠物;D、手表,结合句子的意思是由于老人感觉孤单,因此推知需要有宠物陪伴.故选C【点评】此题考查名词词义辨析.做题时,找准关键句判断所缺意思,再分析各选项含义,筛选出答案.17. (2016?滨州)-Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou ?-Yes, she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great .( )A .surpriseB .achievement C.education D.satisfaction【分析】 -你知道科学家屠呦呦吗?-是的,由于她的伟大成就她嬴得了2015年的诺贝尔医学奖.【解答】答案:Bsurprise 惊讶;achievement 成就;education 教育;satisfaction 满意;赢得诺贝尔奖的人一定是有巨大成就的,故选B.【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,先弄清所给词的词义,再根据情景选择正确答案.18. ( 2016?青岛) Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ____ . ( )A. coughB. toothacheC. coldD. fever【分析】 -南希量了体温并且发现她发烧了.【解答】答案:D解析:由题目中看出南希量了体温,很容易知道她是发烧了,以下四个选项中只有D是发烧的意思 A . cough 咳嗽B. toothache 牙疼C. cold 感冒D. fever 发烧,故选D.【点评】本题主要是考察对生病的几个单词的理解,根据题目内容,选择合适的词语.19. (2016?苏州)Steve Jobs was full of - always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.()A . instructionB . invitation C. introduction D. invention【分析】史蒂夫?乔布斯富有发明创造力,总是产生一些导致社会发生巨大变化的新想法.【解答】答案:D;instruction 教诲;invitation 邀请;introduction 介绍;invention 发明;根据句中信息always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society 推知上句句意:史蒂夫?乔布斯富有发明创造力;故选D.【点评】首先根据语境,细读选项,然后通过题干中的已供信息,捕捉到解题线索.20. (2016?广东)The broken ____ m ay cut into your hand if you touch it ,you should be careful.()A . glass B. glasses C. candle D. candles【分析】破碎的玻璃可能会割到你的手,如果你去碰它的话.你应当小心.【解答】答案:A .首先明确选项中名词的意思, A :玻璃/杯子;B :眼镜/杯子(复数);C :蜡烛(单数);D :蜡烛(复数);根据设空处后面的动词cut 推测句意是"破碎的玻璃可能会割到你的手,如果你去碰它的话.你应当小心. " ,由此判断句子中缺少"玻璃"一词,故答案为A.【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键,还要从句意着手,根据句意作出解答;所以,平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇,才能很好的完成.21 .(2016?深圳)- Mr . White ,could you give me someadvice ?I have trouble in learning English . -Sure. First, you should be con fide nt and n ever give up . Second, ••-()A .introductions B.suggestionsC. instructions【分析】 --怀特先生,你能给我一些建议吗?我学英语有困难.--当然,首先,你应当有信心,永远不要放弃.其次, •【解答】答案: B.首先明确选项中名词的意思, A :介绍/引进;B :建议;C:说明;根据原句中的advice" 建议"一词判断选项 B 符合答案, 注意suggestion 是可数名词而advice 是不可数名词, 故答案为B.【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键, 还要从句意着手, 根据句意作出解答;所以,平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇,才能很好的完成.22. _______________________________________ (2016?自贡)--- How can I get some__________________________________________ about the 2016 Olympic Games ?-- Why not search the Internet?()A . information B. experienceC. practice【分析】 --我如何能够得到一些关于2016年奥运会的信息?--为什么不上网搜索呢?【解答】答案: A .首先明确选项中名词的意思, A :信息;B:经历;经验;C:练习;根据上下句结合设空处后面的about the 2016 Olympic Games 推测问句的句意是"我如何能够得到一些关于2016年奥运会的信息?" ,由此判断句子中缺少"信息"一词,故答案为A.【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键,还要从句意着手,根据句意作出解答;所以,平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇,才能很好的完成.23. (2016?温州)When an earthquake happens, I think the most important safety ___ is to keepcalm ()A.rule B.doubt C.condition D.problem【分析】当地震发生时,我认为最重要的安全规则是保持冷静.【解答】答案:A .首先明确选项中名词的意思, A :规则;B :疑虑;C:状况;D:问题;根据When an earthquake happens和设空处前面的safety推测句意是”当地震发生时,我认为最重要的安全规则是保持冷静.",由此判断句子中缺少"规则"一词,故答案为A.【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键, 还要从句意着手, 根据句意作出解答;所以,平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇,才能很好的完成.24. (2016?孝感)—Mom , I will eat less fast food this year , believe me.-If you make a ________ ,you must keep it.()A.joke B.noise C.mistake D .promise【分析】—妈妈,今年我会吃更少的快餐食品,相信我.—如果你许诺了,你必须守信.【解答】答案: Dmake a joke 开玩笑;make a noise 吵闹;make a mistake 犯错;make a promise 许诺;根据I will eat less fast food this year 可知这是一个许诺,故选D.【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,先弄清所给词的词义,再根据情景选择正确答案.25. (2016?武汉)———Look, the boss is very angry with Alex .———Well , he came late again. But that's no ____ to shout at him .()A. problemB. lessonC. excuseD. Reason【分析】——看,老板对Alex 很生气.——他又迟到了,但是没有借口朝着他大喊.【解答】答案: C.首先明确选项中名词的意思, A :问题;B:功课;C:借口;D:理由;根据语境联系上下句推测设空处所在句子的句意是"但是没有借口朝着他大喊. ",由此判断句子中缺少"借口" 一词,故答案为C.【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键, 还要从句意着手, 根据句意作出解答;所以,平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇,才能很好的完成.26. (2016?湖北)———Look!So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there .———They're for public . This _____ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyangcity.()A. numberB. pairC. kindD. piece【分析】—看,那边这么多彩色的自行车排成两排.—它们是公共自行车,这种绿色智能交通在襄阳市到处可见.【解答】答案: Cnumber 数字,号码;pair 双;kind 种类;piece 张,片;根据So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there .及They're for public .可知此处谈论的是城市公共自行车,是一种绿色智能的交通,故选 C .【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,先弄清所给词的词义,再根据情景选择正确答案.27. (2016?东营)- Why do people never cut up the _________________ on their birthdays ?-Because they are a symbol of long life .( )A .eggs B.cakesC.noodles D .dumplings【分析】 -生日时为什么人们从来不切断面条? -因为他们是长寿的象征.【解答】答案:Cegg 鸡蛋;cake 蛋糕;noodle 面条;dumpling 饺子;长寿面是长寿的象征,所以此处指的是面条,故选 C .【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,先弄清所给词的词义,再根据情景选择正确答案.28. ( 2016?德州) Bill will be a/an ___________ to interview the football players in the comingRio 2016 Olympics .( )A . guest B. reporter C. tourist D. engineer【分析】在即将到来的2016 年里约奥运会上Bill 将成为一名记者去采访足球运动员.【解答】答案:Bguest 客人;reporter 记者;tourist 游客;engin eer 工程师;根据to in terview the football players 可知此处应填记者,故选B.【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,先弄清所给词的词义,再根据情景选择正确答案.29. ( 2016?山西) During the next few days ,I decide to have a good _____ by taking a walk or seeing a movie. I really need to relax .( )A . mealB . sleep C. rest【分析】在接下来的几天里,我决定好好休息一下,散散步或看看电影.我真的需要放松.【解答】答案:C.首先明确选项中名词的意思, A : 一餐;B:睡眠;C:休息;根据语境推测句意是"在接下来的几天里,我决定好好休息一下,散散步,看看电影.我真的需要放松. ",由此判断句子中缺少”休息"一词,have a good rest为固定短语,好好休息.故答案为C.【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键,还要从句意着手,根据句意作出解答;所以,平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇,才能很好的完成.30. ( 2016?河南)-- Are you going out with Jade tonight ?-- That's my. Mind your own! ( )A. offer B . business C. question D. chance【分析】--今天晚上你要和Jade出去吗?--这是我的事情,管好你自己的事吧!【解答】答案: B.首先明确选项中名词的意思,A :提议;B:事情;C:问题;D:机会;根据语境推测答语句意是"这是我的事情,管好你自己的事吧!",由此判断句子中缺少"事情"一词,故答案为根据句意作出解答; B.【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键,还要从句意着手,所以,平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇,才能很好的完成.。

2016中考英语专题复习一:名词考点讲解和训练

2016中考英语专题复习一:名词考点讲解和训练

2011届中考英语专题复习一:名词考点讲解和训练一、名词的数1.单数和复数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“”构成,其主要变法如下:(1)一般情况在词尾加,例如:→,→,→,→→, →。

(2)以s,x,,,结尾的词加,例如:→,→,→,→,→。

(3)以, , ,(d)结尾的名词加s,例如:—。

(4)以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加,例如:→, →, →, →。

但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s,如:→, →。

(5)以o结尾的词多数都加。

例如→,→,→,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加。

例如:→,→,还有某些外来词也只加,例如:→,→。

(6)以f或结尾的词,多数变f为v再加,例如:→,→, →。

复数词尾s(或)的读音方法如下表所示。

复数词尾s(或)的读音方法情况读例词法在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后[s] , ,在[s][z][t][][F]等音后[] , , , ,在[b][d][][v]等浊辅音后[z], , ,(7)少数名词有不规则的复数形式,例如:→,→,→,→,→,→。

【注意】与和构成的合成词,其复数形式也是和。

例如:,。

但不是合成词,故复数形式为;, 等作定语时,它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定,如:,。

有个别名词单复数一样,例如:,,,,等。

但当表示不同种类的鱼时,可以加复数词尾。

(8)单数形式但其意为复数的名词有:, 等。

(9)数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。

例如:’ , 8 , a 。

(10)还有些名词仅有复数形式,如:,,,,,,,。

(11)只用作单数的复数形式的名词有:科学名词:,游戏名称:专有名词:,其他名词:,2.不可数名词“量”的表示方法在英语中,不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念,可以用以下两种方法:(1)用, a , a , , 等表示多少,例如:a ..?I 't 's .(2)用a 这类定语,例如:a a aa a ()aa a如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时,在容器后加复数,例如:不可数名词也可用a , , , , 等来修饰。

中考英语语法复习:名词讲解及提升练习(有答案)

中考英语语法复习:名词讲解及提升练习(有答案)

初中语法复习:名词讲解及提升练习考点1:名词的单复数变化1)大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,也就是单词如果以ch,sh,s,x等结尾,则一般加es;2)以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;3)以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;4)英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆,如child—children,mouse—mice,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese—Chinese,ox—oxen,man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth。

关于以O结尾,加上-es变复数的单词,我们可以这样记住:黑人英雄爱吃土豆和马铃薯,那么negro, hero, tomato, potato便可以很快记住了。

考点2:可数名词和不可数名词的数量表达注:1、名词单数变复数口诀(一) 规则变化名词单数变复数,直接加-s 占多数;s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾,直接加上-es;词尾是f 或fe,加-s 之前先变ve;辅母+ y 在词尾,把y 变i 再加-es;词尾字母若是o,常用三个已足够,要加-es 请记好,hero, tomato, potato。

(二) 不规则变化男人女人a 变e,鹅足牙oo 变ee;老鼠虱婆也好记,ous 变ic;孩子加上ren,鱼鹿绵羊不用变。

2、1)名词可数性:专有名词不可数:人名地名国家。

2)物质名词不可数:金木水火土沙肉食米面布茶咖啡果汁牛奶酒钢铁玻璃煤油墨水作业纸粉笔头发新闻天气天气。

3)抽象名词不可数:幸福时光爱情知识力量发明仁慈友谊关系青春信息勇气。

巩固提升:一、单选题1.How much ________do you have on you?A.money B.coin C.key D.bill2.Don't be afraid to ask for some ________ about ordering the meal.A.suggestion B.method C.opinion D.advice3.For the time being we can collect much ________ either from books or on the Internet. A.idea B.method C.information D.suggestion 4.Now a large number of people ________ helping clear the snow in the street.A.is B.are C.was D.were5.Stella is going to move into a new flat next month, so she plans to buy some ________.A.chair B.flower C.furniture D.picture 6.The old lady saved many ________ from dying of hunger in the 1950s.A.monkey B.elephant C.children D.butterfly 7.Villagers in the mountain area used to raise many________ on the farm to make a living. A.bear B.horse C.chicken D.sheep 8.Kate plans to work for the community with some classmates of________ this summer. A.she B.her C.herself D.hers9.Mary chatted with a friend of on WeChat for a long time last night.A.she B.her C.hers D.herself 10.The policeman gave us much on how to protect ourselves when we are in danger. A.example B.tip C.note D.advice11.I think one effective ______for me to improve my memory is to have enough sleep. A.information B.advice C.method D.conclusion 12.With great efforts and a strong will, the teenager has made a lot of ______. A.progress B.achievement C.complaint D.friend 13.The police are worried about the of the boy who has been missing for 3 days. A.save B.safe C.safely D.safety答案:1.A2.D3.C4.B5.C6.C7.D8.D9.C10.D11.C12.A13.D二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Sam studies hard and he is confident that he'll pass the ________ examinations. (enter)2.Tony’s uncle was born in Spain, but he is a ________ of France. (city)3.Holding his ________ for about three minutes, Jerald swam down to a depth of 112 metres. (breathe)4.Few young people are interested in traditional ________ .(skill)5.They have reached a __________ about when and where to hold the party. (decide)6.Miss Guo tells us that there're different __________ to improve our memory. (method)7.Wendy was happy when she saw the menu that included many delicious ________. (dish)8.The manager said that the _________ of the report must be at least fifteen minutes. (long)9.The police are investigating a series of bank _________ in the city center. (robbery)10.When we describe people, we mention their age-group, their build and their _______. (high)11.As doctors, we take pride in our _______. (responsibility)12.The Pony Express was a ________started in 1860 that carried mail and news throughout the West. (serve)13.Zhong Nanshan is one of our country's national ________. (hero)14.A ________(win) is not a person who never fails, but a person who never gives up.15.It’s important for students to build relationships with other members of the ________.(social)16.Making other people satisfied also brings me _________ every day. (happy)17.As usual, our leader made his New Year's _________ on TV on Dec.31. (speech)18.The terrible disease has had a huge _________ on the way we see ourselves. (effective)19.The sudden _____of the pet dog made the old lady very sad.(dead)20.Many _____gathered in the hall to welcome the new year.(citizen)21.We are confident of the doctor's ________ to cure this disease. (able)22.Peter made his sister laugh by telling her many ________. (joke)23.The hotel offers different _______ of amusements to attract the guests. (variety)24.The ________ of that bridge is over 200 metres. (long)25.Two ________(policewoman) are directing traffic at the crossing.puters were considered as one of the greatest ________ in the 1920s though they were very huge at that time.(invent)27.To tell you the ________, I have worked very hard to prepare for the final exam.(true)28.Two armed ________took place on the same street on Monday afternoon.(robbery)29.It’s a new story full of________, adventure and heroic characters.(act)30.The doctor says the________ was a great success, and the patient will get better, (operate)31.The boy could not sleep, and he began to count________, but failed. (sheep)32.Because of the traffic jams, I missed the ________ of the performance. (begin)33.One major ________ of that machine is too big for us to carry. (advantage)34.Kate bought lots of ________ from the market yesterday morning. (strawberry)35.The ________ on show are all excellent, you can choose any of them. (piano)36.The suspect is still missing and there is no record of his ________ yet. (die)37.The report on the patient's ________ caught attention of the public. (ill)38.Tom was on top of the world after returning from the ________ park. (amusing)39.We know that it was a very hard ________, but we feel we made the right one. (decide)40.The boy is so good with the ________ of colors. (choose)41.Richard had little________in understanding the reason for your decision. (difficult)42.To reduce the spread of virus(病毒), many countries stop _________ from entering. (foreign)43.Helen’s ambition is to become an ________ in the future. (art)44.Robben owns some furniture _______ in Wuhan. (factory)45.We are trying to find a good ______ to deal with the environmental problems. (solve)46.The supermarket near our neighbourhood sells different kinds of meat ________. (produce)47.Doing housework teaches kids independence, care and ________. (responsible)48.To tell you the _______, the tour of the Movie Park was the highlight of our visit.(true)49.The company offered a number of chances for teachers’ professional________. (develop)50.As a soldier, you have to obey ________. (order)51.China celebrated its ________ birthday in the year 2019. (seventy)52.The scene in front is too ________ for me to have a look at. (frighten)53.His students have to hand in their homework no ________ than next Friday. (late)54.Teenagers should learn to be ________ thinkers rather than follow others blindly. (depend).55.Make sure the windows are closed and the door is ________ locked before you leave. (secure)56.Customers can make a ________ to the manager by phone, by letter or face to face. (complain)57.The factories are planning to make products with recycled materials to ________ energy. (safe)urent, 9, will become one of the______people to graduate from a university. (young)59.We need to concentrate on our________now, while we have the energy. (goal)60.I forgot to take my textbook. The girl next to me shared_______with me. (she)61.The show was so boring that we fell ______after an hour. (sleep)62.A number of animals have escaped from the zoo________, including a rare white tiger. (recent)63.The death of the boy’s parents left him feeling extremely_______and alone. (help)64.He can correctly______a pack of cards in just 31.16 seconds. (memory)65.-- That’s not a very good time of year to travel. -- Perhaps not. It was just a_______.” (think)66.Scientists are trying to establishing more______for their argument. (proof)67.Sue has already graduated from university in her early_____. (twenty)68.The twin sisters are only five years old, but they can take care of______. (they)69.People speak different______of English in different parts of Britain. (vary)70.“How are you?” is a very______question. It’s a question that often doesn’t need an answer. (usual)71.Studying abroad has made me much more______in many ways. (depend)72.If you really want to______, you will have to work very hard. (success)73.She didn’t stop mopping the floor until it became _______clean. (spot)74.We are always encouraged to express our own ______naturally in class.(opinion)75.They held a party for their cousin’s _______birthday last weekend.(twenty-five)76.A friend of ______visited the village and she really had a good time there.(me)77.Some people argue teachers aren’t as important as before because there is an increasing_______of information resources.(various)78.We used to visit London once a week, but ______we go there twice a week.(recent)79.He was _______to find his room cleaned and everything arranged in perfect order.(surprise)80.I wonder how to start and ______the new washing machine.(operation)81.His 8-year-old son is so ______that he can go to school on his won.(depend)82.The team are working on a couple of unsolved ________ of this century. (mystery)83.Many important events were held in the ________ half of the year. (two)84.The ________ is so exciting that you can have a lot of food for thought. (speak)85.There’s a large ________ of soft drinks to choose from in this store. (various)86.It’s a pity that the world famous church was ________ damaged by a fire. (serious)87.The report says the faster you read, the ________ you understand what you’ve read. (little)88.It’s worrying that some students are ________ of the risk of playing computer games. (aware)89.Don’t forget to ________ the date, the price and the signature on the contract. (examination)90.I can’t do the______question but I have finished doing the other. (four )91.Peter’s mother has promised to buy______a Millet Bracelet(小米手环) as a present. (he)92.As a good detective, Ken looks for clues carefully and never jumps to______.(conclusion)93.My partner was______ill and she had an operation the day before yesterday. ( serious)94.Having done enough revision work, Joe is sure that he’ll______in the final exam.(success)95.That shop sells a______of unusual, fun model cars, many kids like to go there. (vary)96.Linda is a______leader in our group. She is always active in dealing withproblems.(confidence)97.When you feel tired or______, you can look for something interesting to do.(happy)98.My postcard is different from ______in size and color. (she)99.The lights in the restaurant were too dark. We had to change our ______. (seat)100.Frank has just begun the ______year in the college, so everything is still fresh to him. (two) 101.The man has ______in running the shop because of the good service. (success)102.The information was ______and the army lost the war again. (use)103.Wendy has ______recorded a TV programme about making funny comics. (recent)104.Susan will make a ______on children rights next week. (speak)105.Eating too much ______food really does harm to us. (healthy)106.Liao Changyong is an excellent Chinese_____who has held many concerts. (sing)107.The snake can reach a_____of one hundred centimeters. (long)108.I guess the gentleman with a pair of glasses must be in his early_____now. (fifty)109.Several recent_____showed 75% of those questioned were in favour of the plan. (survey) 110.The jacket is available in_____colours. You can choose what you like. (variety)111.Every morning the students greet the teachers_____with a smile at the school gate. (polite) 112.I’ve just bought my new car, so I make up my mind to_____my old one. (sale)113.Mike’s classmates aren’t satisfied with him because he is always_____. (honest)答案1.entrance2.citizen3.breath4.skills5.decision6.methods7.dishes8.length9.robberies10.height 11.responsibilities12.service13.heroes14.winner15.society16.happiness17.speech18.effect19.death 20.citizens21.ability22.jokes23.varieties24.length25.policewomen26.inventions27.truth28.robberi es29.action30.operation31.sheep32.beginning33.disadvantage34.strawberries35.pianos36.death37. illness38.amusement39.decision40.choice41.difficulty42.foreigners43.artist44.factories45.solution ter5 plaint57.save58.youngest59.goals60.hers61.asleep62.recently63.helpless64.memorize65.thought66.proofs67.twenties68.themselves69.varieties70.unusual71.indep endent72.succeed73.spotlessly74.opinions75.twenty-fifth76.mine77.variety78.recently79.surprise d80.operate81.independent82.mysteries83.second84.speech85.variety86.seriously87.less88.unawa re89.examine90.fourth91.him92.conclusions93.seriously94.succeed95.variety96.confident97.unha eless103.recently104.speech105.unhealthy106. singer107.length108.fifities109.surveys110.various111.politely112.sell113.dishonest。

2016年历年初三英语中考语法复习课件及复习题第1讲名词及答案

2016年历年初三英语中考语法复习课件及复习题第1讲名词及答案

第一部分语法知识盘点第1讲名词()1.Mr.Jackson keeps lots of ________ on his farm.(2012年东营)A.sheep B.chicken C.goose D.pandas()2.All the ________ in our school enjoyed themselves on March 8th because it was their own holiday.(2012年遵义)A.men teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher()3.I like ________ best of all the vegetables.(2012年黔西南)A.potatoes B.tomato C.breads D.rice()4.Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of ________.(2012年河南)A.knowledge B.energy C.change D.courage()5.I have great ________ in learning math and I am so worried.(2012年鸡西)A.trouble B.interest C.fun()6.—Do you like ________?—No.I like blue.(2012年六盘水)A.orange B.apples C.flowers D.milk()7.Tomorrow is ________. The students want to buy some flowers for their teachers.(2012年钦州)A.Teacher Day B.Teacher's DayC.Teachers' Day D.the Teachers Day()8.My ________ skirt is on the chair.(2012年桂林)A.sisters' B.sister C.sisters D.sister's()9.Lisa was so careless that she made many spelling ________ in her homework.(2013年莱芜)A.plans B.decisions C.grades D.mistakes()10.The Chinese ________ Mo Yan won the 2012 Nobel Prize in literature (文学), and it cheers us up.(2013年云南)A.artist B.scientist C.writer D.singer()11.Hangzhou is ________ to hundreds of foreign friends who are working and studying here.(2013年杭州)A.home B.house C.family D.room()12.—Are there any ________ in your school?—Yes, there are.(2013年广安)A.Germen B.Germans C.German ()13.Just search the Internet, you can get almost all the ________ you need.(2013年白银)A.informations B.information C.picture D.story()14.I'm so hungry.Please give me ________ to eat.(2013年遂宁)A.three bread B.three pieces of breadC.three pieces of breads()15.Tom is in good health, because he often exercises and eats a lot of healthy ________.(2013年济南)A.food B.water C.pear D.carrot()16.—Would you like some ________?—Oh, yes, just a little.(2013年达州)A.apples B.carrot C.pears D.chicken()17.—I am very thirsty now.—Would you like some ________?(2013年梅州)A.tea B.fish C.noodles D.potatoes()18.—How far is your cousin's home from here?—It's about two ________ ride.(2013年随州)A.hour's B.hours C.hours' D.hour()19.—Whose room is this?—It's ________.(2013年广安)A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy and Lily's C.Lucy's and Lily's ()20.—Oh, Nancy! Do you live here?—No.This house is ________.I'm here to see his baby.(2013年重庆B)A.my son B.my son's C.the baby D.the baby's()21.The boy didn't sleep well last night because of the ________ from the factory.(2014年白银)A.voice B.noise C.music D.song()22.—What's your favorite ________,Bob?—Cats.They're so lovely.(2014年重庆B)A.plant B.job C.sport D.animal()23.If you work harder, you'll have another ________ to play the violin at a concert.(2014年天津)A.sleep B.chance C.mistake D.problem()24.—Betty, pass me the ________.I'll cut the cake.—OK, Mom.Here you are.(2014年丽水)A.sugar B.scarf C.knife D.note()25.There are some ________ in Dayton Art Museum.For example, no food or drink is allowed inside.(2014年温州)A.jobs B.records C.rules D.paintings()26.—Whose ________ are these?—I think they are John's.(2014年永州)A.key B.keies C.keys()27.—What a good ________ you've given me! Thanks a lot.—My pleasure.(2014年扬州)A.information B.news C.suggestion D.advice()28.I want a sweet milk.Put some ________ in my cup, please.(2014年河北)A.ice B.soup C.salt D.sugar()29.My teacher gave me much ________ on how to study English well when I hadsome trouble.(2014年菏泽)A.advice B.question C.suggestion D.problem()30.—More and more people come to visit Mount Huangshan.—That's true.It has become the ________ of Anhui.(2014年安徽)A.pride B.effort C.praise D.courage()31.—Mum, I want to buy an iPhone 5s for a change.—Well, I think there is no ________.It's almost the same as an iPhone 4s.(2014年宁波)A.reason B.need C.answer D.way()32.—After P.E., I often feel very thirsty.—Why not buy some ________ to drink?(2014年达州)A.bread B.noodles C.apple juice D.teas()33.Our school uniforms are out of ________.We think young people should look smart.(2014年绍兴)A.luck B.sight C.reach D.fashion()34.—Is the schoolbag under the desk yours?—No, it's my________.He left it there just now.(2014年长沙)A.brother B.brother's C.brothers'()35.—When is ________ Day?—It's on June 1st, Dave.(2014年东营)A.Child B.Children C.Child's D.Children's()36.Mr.Black is a teacher of ________.She and her classmates like him very much.(2014年白银)A.my sister B.my sister's C.my sisters D.my sisters'()37.—Excuse me, is the museum far from here?—No, it's about ________.(2014年聊城)A.5 minutes walk B.5 minute walkC.5 minutes' walk D.5 minute's walk()38.—Would you like some ________ for dinner?—OK.(2015年娄底)A.tomatos B.tomato C.tomatoes()39.—The sun is shining brightly.—Why not wear a pair of ________ to protect your eyes?(2015年漳州)A.shoes B.pants C.sunglasses()40.Do you know how many ________ you have?(2015年永州)A.tooths B.toothes C.teeth()41.—I'm told your class has 3 new comers.—Yes.One is a ________,the other two are ________.(2015年黄石)A.Japan; Germany B.Japanese; GermanC.Japanese; Germans D.Japanese; Germen()42.—What animal do you like best?—I like ________ best.(2015年铜仁)A.tigers B.apples C.vegetables D.trees()43.—What's your favorite food?— I like ________ best.I had a large bowl last night.(2015年原创)A.tomato noodle B.tomatoes noodleC.tomato noodles D.tomatoes noodles()44.I paid ¥10 for ________ this morning.(2015年兰州)A.4 bottle milks B.4 bottles of milk C.4 bottles of milks D.4 milk()45.Jeff will come to understand you one day.It's a matter of ________!(2015年厦门) A.pleasure B.value C.time()46.Yesterday Lucy told us such good ________ that we were all amazed at it.(2015年青岛)A.news B.ideas C.suggestion D.answer()47.________ mothers can't go to the parents' meeting because they are too busy.(2015年白银)A.Jack's and Paul B.Jack's and Paul'sC.Jack and Paul's D.Jack and Paul()48.—________ is coming.What can I get for my mother?—What about a scarf?(2015年郴州)A.Women's Day B.Woman's Day C.Womens' Day()49.Times magazine says that smart Lego has become one of ________ favorite toys.(2015年佛山)A.child B.children C.children's()50.________ plan is to go to Bali Laguna (巴厘岛) for their vacation.(2015年原创) A.Black's B.The Black's C.The Blacks D.The Blacks'。

(完整word版)2016年中考英语语法总复习(精华版)

(完整word版)2016年中考英语语法总复习(精华版)

2016年中考英语语法总复习(精华版)Ⅰ词Array类。

(一)名词:专有名词:表示人名、月份、日期、地名等。

如China,John, London,the USA, Harbin .可数名词个体名词:表示单个的人或事物。

如boat, chair,desk,apple 。

集体名词:表示一群人或一些事物的总称.如family, people,普通名词物质名词:表示无法分为个体的物质。

如water, air, tea, sea,抽象名词:表示抽象概念的词。

如health, help,work, 不可数名词2.名词的数。

可数名词有单复数,不可数名词没有单复数。

3.名词的格:名词有三个格:主格(作主语)、宾格(作宾语)、和所有格.其中只有名词的所有格有形式变化.(二)冠词1.定冠词-the 。

错误!特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。

The students are very good.错误!说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物。

Where is the toilet ?错误!重复提到上文的人或事物。

I have a cat ,the cat is white and black .○,4表示世界上独一无二的事物。

The moon moves around the earth 。

错误!形容词最高级和序数词前和表示方位的名词前。

I am the oldest . He is the first to school 。

I live in the south .错误!乐器的名称前常用定冠词-the .I like playing the piano / violin 。

错误!和某些形容词连用,使形容词名词化,代表某一类人.We should help the poor 。

○,8放在某些专有名词前。

We will go to visit the Great Wall next week . the people's Republic of China 。

人教版中考英语复习专题 名词考点解析(Word版附答案)

人教版中考英语复习专题 名词考点解析(Word版附答案)

人教版中考英语复习专题名词考点解析(Word版附答案)一、初中英语名词1.— I have a bad cold.— Sorry to hear that. You'd better go to see a ________ at once.A. doctorB. cookC. writerD. farmer【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:——我得了重感冒。

——很遗憾听到这些,你最好马上去看医生。

从上文可看出,说话人“得了感冒“,需要去看”医生“,固定搭配see a doctor,故答案选 A。

【点评】考查名词辨析,根据语境选择合适意义的词。

2.—Whose jackets are these?—They said they are______. They lost them yesterday.A. OursB. Li Lei and Li Tao'sC. Li Lei′s and Li Tao's【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——这些是谁的夹克衫?——他们说是李雷和林涛的。

他们昨天丢了。

句中jackets是复数,说明夹克衫是李雷和林涛各自所有的,所以分别都要用所有格,故答案选C。

【点评】考查名词所有格,注意物品是各自拥有还是共同拥有。

3.—Mr. Li, I feel a little nervous before the coming exam.—You'd better take a break from studies and relax yourself.A. restB. breathC. walk【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:---李老师,考试前我感觉有点紧张。

---你最好从学习中休息一下,放松自己。

break中断;休息;rest休息;breath呼吸;walk步行。

故答案为A。

【点评】考查词义辨析,理解句意,弄清划线的单词和备选项的意思,即可得出答案。

中考备考 名词 专项讲解及中考练兵 第1课时

学校:班级:姓名:专项一名词第一课时知识导图考点一名词中近义词的词义辨析1、family, house,与homefamily指“家,家庭”,可强调家庭中的全体成员,不指住房;home 作“家”讲,指人们生活、居住的地方,强调居住的范围和环境;house有“住宅,家”之意,强调房屋和居住地点。

例:My family are very kind.我的家人都很友好。

He left home for Beijing. 他离家去了北京。

They lived in a small house. 他们住在一栋小房子里。

2、job与workjob是可数名词,指一项具体的工作,多指“零工”或“短工”;work 是不可数名词,指“工作,劳动,努力,用功”。

例:Selling newspapers is his part-time job.卖报纸是他的兼职工作。

He has been out of work.他失业了。

3、problem 与question两个词都表示“问题”。

一般来说,problem总是与“困难”相联系,它可以指社会问题、教学问题,这种“问题”是“有待解决的”,与之搭配的动词是solve; question总是与“疑问、询问”相联系,这种“问题”是“有待回答的”,常与动词answer连用。

He asked me some questions.他问了我一些问题。

Let me know if you have any problems. 你若有困难就让我知道。

4、noise,voice 与soundnoise指音量大且难听的声音,即“噪音”voice指人的说话声和唱歌声,指人的“嗓音”.sound指自然界的一切能听到的声音。

5、message,news 与informationmessage 为可数名词,指“信息,消息,口信”,常用词组为leave /take a message; news和information为不可数名词,news指“新闻”,information 指“消息,信息,资料”。

中考初中英语名词讲解与练习(带答案)

中考初中英语名词讲解与练习(带答案)名词课前问题:什么是名词?解释名词的概念并做举例说明。

I. 名词的种类:II. 名词的数:1. 规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。

现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下:2.不规则名词复数:英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下:sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan,III. 名词的所有格:名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。

所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’s构成,二是由介词of加名词构成。

前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。

1.’s所有格的构成:2.’s所有格的用法:3. of所有格的用法:用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed注:不同国籍人的单复数国籍总称(谓语用复数)单数复数中国人 the Chinese, a Chinese, two Chinese 瑞士人 the Swiss, a Swiss, two Swiss澳大利亚人the Australians, an Australian, two Australians 俄国人the Russians, a Russian, two Russians意大利人 the Italians, an Italian, two Italians 希腊人 the Greek, a Greek, two Greeks法国人the French, a Frenchman, two Frenchmen 日本人the Japanese, a Japanese, two Japanese美国人 the Americans, a n American, two Americans 印度人 the Indians, an Indian, two Indians 加拿大人the Canadians, a Canadian, two Canadians 德国人the Germans, a German, two Germans英国人 the English, an Englishman, two Englishmen 瑞典人 the Swedish, a Swede, two Swedes例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!1. They got much _____ from those new books.A. ideasB. photosC. newsD. stories解析: much 是用来修饰不可数名词的, A B D三个选项均是可是名词的复数形式, C项为不可数名词, 因此选C.2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here.A. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orangeD. orange, oranges解析: orange 有两种含义, 一种可数名词橘子, 另一种是不可数名词橘汁, 此题第一空应填可数名词, 第二空填不可数名词, 因此选 C。

(完整word版)2016年中考英语语法总复习

2016中考英语语法总复习讲义专题一名词名词是中考考查的重点。

考查内容主要为:1. 名词单、复数的变化规律及其用法;2. 不可数名词量的表达法;3. 名词所有格的变化及其用法;4. 名词作主语的一致问题;5. 常用专有名词的表示法;6. 具体语境中名词的词义和一些常用易混淆名词的区别。

Ⅰ.名词的定义名词是表示人、事物、现象和其他抽象概念的名称的词。

名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。

专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。

专有名词的第一个字母要大写,人名、地名、公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。

(见资料)如:Yao Ming 姚明;China 中国;Christmas 圣诞节等。

Ⅱ. 可数名词和不可数名词普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。

1.可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

如:an apple; two apples 。

★注意:a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前;an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。

如:a book/b uk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ,an apple/’aepl/ ,a red apple , an hour/’aua/2.不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词,没有复数形式。

(1)物质名词。

如:water; rice; tea; milk; food; fruit; meat; fish(鱼肉); chicken(鸡肉); beef; mutton; orange(橙汁);sugar; salt; paper(纸); porridge; bread; sand; juice等。

这类不可数名词需要计量时要在名词前加表示量的词。

如:a cup of tea; two bags of rice; three bottles of water等。

(2)抽象名词。

如:news; music; time(时间); information等。

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2011届中考英语专题复习一:名词考点讲解和训练一、名词的数1.单数和复数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成,其主要变法如下:(1)一般情况在词尾加-s,例如:book→books,girl→girls,boy→boys,pen→pens,doctor→doctors, boy→boys。

(2)以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词加-es,例如:bus→buses,class→classes,box→boxes,watch→watches,brush→brushes。

(3)以ce, se, ze,(d)ge结尾的名词加s,例如:orange—oranges。

(4)以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如:city→cities, factory→factories, country→countries, family→families。

但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s,如:boy→boys, day→days。

(5)以o结尾的词多数都加-es。

例如:hero→heroes,potato→potatoes,to mato→tomatoes,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。

例如:zoo→zoos,radio→radios,还有某些外来词也只加-s,例如:photo→photos,piano→pianos。

(6)以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f为v再加-es,例如:knife→knives,leaf→leaves,half→halves。

复数词尾s(或es)的读音方法如下表所示。

复数词尾s(或es)的读音方法情况读法例词在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后[s] cups, hats, cakesglasses, pages, oranges, buses, watches,faces在[s][z][t][][F]等音后[iz]beds, dogs, cities, knives在[b][d][][v]等浊辅音后[z]foot→feet,child→children,mouse→mice。

【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women。

例如:an Englishman,two Englishmen。

但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;man, woman 等作定语时,它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定,如:men workers,women teachers。

有个别名词单复数一样,例如:Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish等。

但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时,可以加复数词尾。

(8)单数形式但其意为复数的名词有:people, police等。

(9)数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。

例如:ten-minutes’ walk, an 8-year-old girl, a ten-mile walk。

(10)还有些名词仅有复数形式,如:trousers,clothes,chopsticks,glasses,goods,ashes,scissors,compasses。

(11)只用作单数的复数形式的名词有:科学名词:physics, mathematics/maths游戏名称:bowls专有名词:the United States, Niagara Falls 其他名词:news, falls2.不可数名词“量”的表示方法在英语中,不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念,可以用以下两种方法:(1)用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少,例如:The rich man has a lot of money.There is some milk in the bottle.Is there any water in the glass?I don't like winter because there's too much snow and ice.(2)用a piece of 这类定语,例如:a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of breada bottle of orange a glass of water(milk) a cup of teaa cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时,在容器后加复数,例如:two cups of teafour pieces of paperthree glasses of water不可数名词也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any, much等来修饰。

二、名词的所有格名词所有格,用来表示人或物的所有,以及领属关系。

1. 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's,其复数形式是s',例如:a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。

2. 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's,如:Children's Day。

3. 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's,例如:a twenty minutes' walk,ten miles' journey,a boat's length,two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。

4. 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构,例如:a map of China,the end of this term,the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

5. 双重所有格,例如:a friend of my father's。

【注意】如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示“分别有”,例如:John's and Mary's rooms (约翰和玛丽各有一间,共两间);Tom's and Mary's bikes(两人各自的自行车)。

两个名词并列,只有一个's,则表示“共有”,例如:John and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Mary's mother(即Tom与Mary是兄妹)。

一、名词介绍1.名词分类专有名词:表示人、地方、事物、机构和组织名称。

Lucy, China, the Great Wall普通名词:A.可数:个体 dictionary,pencil,chair,window,table,book,bike,ball集体名词 family,police,class,group,teamB.不可数:物质,物质名词表示构成各种物体的物质或材料,rice,glass,porridge, paper,air,wood,wheat,steel抽象,表示状态、品质、行为和感情等抽象概念Knowledge, danger,health, life, homework2.名词变复数一般:加-s, cakes, days,students,beds以-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾名词,加-es, buses, boxes, watches以辅音字母加-y结尾,变y为i,加-es, baby-babies, city-cities, country-countries 以元音字母加y结尾,加-s, toy-toys,monkey-monkeys以f(fe)结尾,变f(fe)为ves, leaf-leaves, wolf-wolves, life-lives以ce,se,ze,(d)ge结尾,加-s, face-faces, orange-oranges不规则变化:改变单数名词中的元音字母,man-men woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth 单复数形式相同,fish-fish, sheep-sheep,deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese其他其他形式,mouse-mice国别:以o结尾名词,加es, negro, hero, tomato,potato名词作定语变复数:1) 用复数作定语。

例如:sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系2) man, woman, gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。

例如: men workers women teachers gentlemen officials3)有些原有s结尾的名词,作定语时,s保留。

例如:goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush 衣刷4)数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。

例如:two-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan. 一个五年计划3.不可数名词的数:数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词,量词可单复数,但of 后的名词只用原形,如a piece of paper, a drop of water, two cups of tea4.名词所有格:’s和of 形式。

’s 形式表示有生命的东西,of所有格用来表示无生命的东西my brother’s book the windows of the room两个并列单数名词表示两者共有时,在最后一个名词后加’sThis is Mary and her sister’s bedroom.Lily and Lucy’s mother is a nurse.如果表示两者分别有,那么两个词都要加’sThese are Tom’s and Mary’s bags.如果以s结尾名词,其后加’,其他形式加’sTeachers’ Day Children’s Day店铺、医院名称加’s, at the doctor’ssomeone,everybody,no one和else, 在else后加’s, 如 somebody else’s pencil表示时间,距离,国家,城市等无生命的东西的名词,可以在词尾加’s 或’来构成所有格。

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