小议非谓语动词与谓语动词形式的判定
小议非谓语动词与谓语动词形式的判定作者：刘新会来源：《中学生英语·高三版》2009年第01期在解答有关非谓语动词的试题时，同学们常常会遇到以确定所选动词是该用“非谓语动词还是谓语动词”形式为主要考点的试题，此时许多学生会感到无所适从。
本文拟结合相关考题，介绍此类试题的判断方法，以便同学们更好地理解命题者的意图，提高答题准确率。
一、依据英文句法结构，确定动词形式一般来讲，一个句子中不能有两个或两个以上的谓语动词，除非动词为并列的谓语或多个谓语动词分别出现在主从复合句或并列句中。
根据这一语法规则，我们就可以确定所选动词该用谓语形式还是非谓语形式。
例如：1. The country life he was used to__________greatly since 1992. （2005山东卷）A. changeB. has changedC. changingD. have changed解析：分析句子结构后可知，主句的主语是The country life，句中he was used to是定语从句，修饰life，这样主句就缺少谓语。
因此空白处应该填谓语动词，又因句子的主语是单数，所以B为正确答案。
2. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made__________in the restaurant. （2008山东卷）A. workingB. workC. to workD. worked解析：该句为as ... as引导的比较状语从句。
通过分析句子结构可知，主、从句中已分别有谓语动词paid和had made，句中不缺少谓语动词，所以应填非谓语形式。
因为work与其逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词。
答案为A。
3. We often provide our children with toys,footballs or basketballs,__________that all children like these things. (2006全国卷II)A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought解析：答案为A。
该题考查现在分词短语做伴随状语。
“toys, footballs, or basketballs”是作with的宾语。
逗号后面的空白处应填thinking构成的短语表示伴随状况，不应填与provide相平行的另一个谓语动词，因此B不可选。
二、分析句子结构，正确识别句式识别非谓语动词和谓语动词，有时还可以借助特定句式或固定结构来分辨。
例如：1.__________the website of the Fire Department in your city and you will learn a lot about firefighting. （2008湖南卷）A. Having searchedB. To searchC. SearchingD. Search解析：答案为D。
该题考查“祈使句 + and + 陈述句（一般为将来时）”结构。
因句中含有连词and，可推断出前面仍为一个句子，所以不能填非谓语动词。
2. Mary,__________here—everybody else, stay where you are. （2006全国卷I）A. comeB. comesC. to comeD. coming解析：本题考查祈使句的用法。
Mary是被逗号隔开的呼语，其后是一个主语为第二人称的祈使句，句中谓语应是动词原形，故答案为 A。
破折号后面的句子是与其相类似的祈使句，everybody else也是一个被逗号隔开的呼语。
3. I sent you 100 dollars today, the rest__________ in a year. （2005湖南卷）A. followingB. followedC. to followD. will follow解析：逗号后面无连词，所以the rest__________in a year不应是并列句中的另一个分句，空白处不应填动词的谓语形式followed和will follow。
然后分析句意可知，the rest后的动作follow应是将要发生的，所以应该使用“名词或主格代词 + 动词不定式”的独立主格形式，故正确答案为C。
三、通过and的暗示作用and作为常见的并列连词可以连接词、短语或分句，有时对非谓语动词与谓语动词的判定也起到一定的作用。
例如：1. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and__________down to eat our picnic lunch. （2005上海卷）A. sittingB. having satC. to sitD. sat解析：分析句子结构可知，and作为并列连词并列的是found及sat两个动作，而非并列providing 与 sitting。
故答案为D。
2. We went to the boy, and__________him on the shoulder, took him away.A. patB. pattingC. pattedD. to pat解析：此题易错选C。
根据句型结构，went和took是并列的谓语动词，须用并列连词and。
patting him ...是现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰took away。
答案为B。
注意：并列几个谓语动词时，前边内容用逗号隔开，只在最后两个之间用and连接。
3. One learns a language by making mistakes and__________them.A. correctB. correctingC. correctsD. to correct解析： making和correcting是并列平行结构，由and连接，都作by的宾语。
正确答案为B。
【巩固练习】1. She set out soon after dark__________home an hour later.A. arrivingB. to arriveC. having arrivedD. and arrived2. “__________ quiet, boys and girls!” asked the teacher.A. AreB. IsC. BeingD. Be3. Helen,__________the door when you go out.A. lockB. lockingC. to lockD. locks4. Alice returned from the manager’s office,__________ me that the boss wanted to see me at once.A. having toldB. tellsC. to tellD. telling5.__________more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789.A. To find outB. Finding outC. Find outD. Having found out6. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV；there are pictures__________in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to formB. formC. formingD. having formed7. The policeman came up to the house,whose door was open,__________there for a while, and went in.A. to standB. standingC. stoodD. stand8. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better__________it—you’ve got some big bills coming.A. forgetB. forgotC. forgettingD. to forget9. Prices of daily goods__________through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. have been boughtD. buying10. —English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t__________it?—Yes,__________more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. knowB. knowingC. to knowD. knownKeys: 1-5 DDADA 6-10 CCABA ☆。
谓语动词形式与非谓语动词形式精讲
动词形式精讲动词的主要句法功能就是充当谓语。
那么，就其句法功能而言，动词只能分成两类：谓语动词和非谓语动词.1）谓语动词,是指能够独立地充当句子谓语的动词。
这类动词有两种：实义动行为；连系动词用来表示判断、状态、性质、特征等等。
例如：We clean the classroom every day.(实义动词) 我们每天打扫教室.He is a good student.（连系动词,表示判断）他是位好学生。
These apples look nice.（连系动词,表示状态、特征）这些苹果看上去很好。
We must keep healthy. （连系动词,表示状态、）我们必须保持健康(的状态). 2）非谓语动词，顾名思义是指不能独立地在句中充当谓语的动词或动词形式。
动词不定式( to do )、--ing分词(doing)、过去分词(-ed)。
例如：She came to see me yesterday. (动词不定式) 她昨天来看我了。
He often helps me ( to )clean the windows. (to 可以省略的动词不定式)He stood there for two hours watching TV.( 现在分词)他在那儿站了两小时看电视。
Reading in bed is bad for our eyes. 躺在床上看书对我们眼睛有害.( 下面是动词read的非谓语动词形式)他喜欢看英语书。
He likes reading English books.看英语书对我们学习有好处。
Reading English books is good for our study.他想要去看一本英语书。
He wants to read an English book.(下面是动词read的各种谓语动词时态形式)中文英文他经常看英语书。
He often reads English books.他正在看一本英语书。
高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词和谓语动词的形式及用法对比
高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词和谓语动词的形式及用法对比高中英语知识点归纳：非谓语动词和谓语动词的形式及用法对比在英语语法中，动词是一项重要的内容。
除了谓语动词，还有非谓语动词。
非谓语动词与谓语动词在形式和用法上有一些区别。
本文将对这两种类型的动词进行比较和总结。
一、非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
下面将分别介绍它们的形式。
1. 动词不定式动词不定式的一般形式为“to + 动词原形”。
例如：- to study（学习）- to eat（吃）- to go（去）2. 动名词动名词的一般形式为“动词的-ing 形式”。
例如：- studying（学习）- eating（吃饭）- going（去）3. 分词分词有两种形式：现在分词（-ing 形式）和过去分词（-ed 或 -en 形式）。
例如：- studying（正在学习）- eaten（被吃掉的）- broken（被打破）二、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种不同的成分，下面将分别介绍它们的用法。
1. 动词不定式的用法- 作主语：To study is important.（学习很重要。
）- 作宾语：I want to eat an apple.（我想吃一个苹果。
）- 作补语：His goal is to win the championship.（他的目标是赢得冠军。
）- 作定语：We need a pen to write.（我们需要一支笔来写字。
）- 作状语：She woke up early to catch the train.（她早早醒来以赶上火车。
）2. 动名词的用法- 作主语：Studying is important.（学习很重要。
）- 作宾语：I enjoy listening to music.（我喜欢听音乐。
）- 作补语：Her hobby is singing.（她的爱好是唱歌。
）- 作定语：I saw a flying bird.（我看到一只在飞的鸟。
如何区分谓语动词和非谓语动词？
如何区分谓语动词和非谓语动词？我们学了这么多年英语，为什么谓语动词和非谓语动词还是傻傻分不清楚？做题的时候遇上二者的选择时，简直不能更头疼了，下面就带大家看看这二者究竟是怎样区分的？谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Tom teaches us English.汤姆教我们英语。
（teaches 动词作谓语）Mr. Gavin came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.加文先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
（to have a talk.... 不定式作状语）谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Mary likes the pop music.玛丽喜欢流行音乐。
（动词用单数第三人称形式）Mary has nothing to do today.玛丽今天没什么事要做。
（do 用原形）谓语与非谓语的形式不同，谓语主要体现十六种基本时态（含被动），而非谓只有三种固定形式（被动和完成）to do , doing ,done如He finished reading the novels .他看完了这些小说。
（finished 是谓语动词，时态是一般过去时，reading 非谓语动词中的doing 形式）非谓语动词的特征i. 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面需跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite.学习英语是我的爱好。
（studying 后跟宾语）To help him is my duty.帮助他是我的责任。
（help 后跟宾语）ii. 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
Working under such a condition is terrible.在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。
(under such a condition 是working 的状语)It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。
非谓语动词与谓语动词对比
非谓语动词与谓语动词对比在英语语法中，非谓语动词与谓语动词是两种不同的动词形式，它们在句子中的作用和用法有所不同。
本文将对非谓语动词和谓语动词进行对比，并详细阐述它们的使用方法和语法规则。
一、非谓语动词非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。
它们都没有主语，不能作谓语，而是在句子中充当其他成分，如主语、宾语、定语或状语等。
1. 不定式不定式是由“to + 动词原形”构成，具有名词和动词的特征。
不定式可以用作动词的宾语、定语、表语、补语等。
例如：- I want to go to the movies tonight.（不定式作为宾语）- She has a lot of work to do.（不定式作为定语）- His dream is to become a doctor.（不定式作为表语）- They need someone to help them.（不定式作为补语）2. 动名词动名词是由动词的现在分词形式（-ing）构成，具有名词的特征。
动名词可以用作主语、宾语、定语或状语等。
- Swimming is good for your health.（动名词作为主语）- I enjoy reading books.（动名词作为宾语）- The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.（动名词作为定语）- He left without saying goodbye.（动名词作为状语）3. 分词分词有现在分词和过去分词两种形式。
分词可以用作形容词，修饰名词或代词，也可以用作状语，表示时间、原因、方式等。
例如：- The book written by Mark Twain is very popular.（现在分词作为形容词）- The broken vase needs to be replaced.（过去分词作为形容词）- Running late, he decided to take a taxi.（现在分词作为状语）- Having finished his homework, he went out to play.（过去分词作为状语）二、谓语动词谓语动词是句子的核心，表示主语的动作或状态。
高中谓语动词和非谓语动词讲解
高中谓语动词和非谓语动词讲解高中语法中，谓语动词和非谓语动词是基础知识点之一。
谓语动词是指一个句子中主语所完成的动作、发生的状态或存在的情况。
而非谓语动词则不是句子的核心，表示动作或状态的动词在句子中不作谓语使用，通常作为其他部分的补充或修饰。
1. 谓语动词的基本特征1.1 谓语动词是句子的核心成分，用于说明主语的动作或状态。
例句：他走在大街上。
其中，谓语动词是"走"，它说明了主语"他"的动作。
1.2 谓语动词在人称、数和时态上都要和主语保持一致。
例句：我们正在学习英语。
其中，主语是"我们"，谓语动词是"正在学习"，说明了主语的动作，动词形式在人称和数上与主语一致。
2. 非谓语动词的分类2.1 动词不定式动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，不定式常常用作名词、形容词或副词的修饰成分。
例句：我喜欢读书。
其中，“读书”是动词不定式，修饰名词“喜欢”。
2.2 动词-ing形式动词-ing形式是动词的现在分词形式，常常作为形容词或副词的修饰成分。
例句：她正在看电影。
其中，“看”是动词的ing形式，修饰副词“正在”。
2.3 动名词动名词是动词的ing形式，可作名词使用。
例句：跑步对身体有益处。
其中，“跑步”是动名词，作为主语。
3. 谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别3.1 词性不同谓语动词在句子中充当谓语成分，表示行为或状态，非谓语动词则用作补充说明其他词类。
3.2 在句子结构中位置不同谓语动词通常位于主语之后，而非谓语动词则可以位于句首、句中或句末。
3.3 功能不同谓语动词是句子的核心，用于说明主语的动作、状态或存在的情况。
而非谓语动词则起到修饰、补充说明的作用，通常修饰名词或修饰动词、形容词或副词等。
总结：谓语动词是句子的核心成分，表示主语的动作或状态，同时在人称、数和时态上需要与主语保持一致。
非谓语动词不是句子的核心，它可以作为名词、形容词或副词的修饰成分。
非谓语动词与谓语动词的关系
非谓语动词与谓语动词的关系在英语语法中，谓语动词是句子的核心成分，用于表达主语的动作或状态。
然而，除了谓语动词之外，英语中还存在一类特殊的动词形式，即非谓语动词。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词，它们在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、状语等等。
本文将探讨非谓语动词与谓语动词的关系以及它们在句子中的不同作用。
一、动词不定式动词不定式是一个以“to + 动词原形”构成的短语，它可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等多种句子成分。
在句子中，动词不定式往往与谓语动词有以下几种关系：1.并列关系：主语与宾语或表语之间同时使用不定式作为补充。
例如：- My dream is to travel around the world.（我的梦想是环游世界。
）- She wants to learn how to play the piano.（她想学习弹钢琴。
）2.目的关系：不定式表示主语的目的或意图。
例如：- I went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.（我去超市买了一些杂货。
）- We study hard to get good grades.（我们努力学习是为了取得好成绩。
）3.结果关系：不定式表示主语的行为或结果。
例如：- He ran so fast as to break the record.（他奔跑得如此快以至于打破了纪录。
）- The thief climbed over the wall to escape.（小偷翻过墙逃跑。
）二、动名词动名词是动词加上-ing形式构成的名词，它可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等多种句子成分。
在句子中，动名词与谓语动词的关系有以下几种：1.主语关系：动名词作为句子的主语。
例如：- Swimming is good for your health.（游泳对身体有好处。
）- Reading is my favorite hobby.（阅读是我的最爱爱好。
如何判断谓语动词和非谓语动词
如何判断谓语动词和非谓语动词在英语中，判断一个动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，主要取决于它在句子中的位置和功能。
谓语动词是构成句子时，与主语和宾语等主要句子成分一起使用的动词。
它们通常位于主语之后，宾语之前。
例如，在句子 "John is running" 中，“is running”就是谓语动词，因为它描述了主语“John”正在进行的动作。
而非谓语动词则是指那些不能单独作为句子的主要动词的动词形式，它们通常包括动词的现在分词、过去分词和不定式。
非谓语动词可以表达动作或状态，但它们需要与其它词语一起使用才能构成完整的句子。
1.位置：谓语动词通常位于主语之后，如上述例子中的“is running”。
而非谓语动词通常位于句子的其他部分，例如，“running”在“John isrunning”中是位于主语和宾语之间的。
2.时态：谓语动词的时态通常与主语的时态保持一致。
例如，“John isrunning”中的“is”表明这个动作正在进行，而“running”则表示这个动作是主动的。
而非谓语动词则可以表示动作的一般状态、完成的动作或动作的被动状态。
例如，“running”可以作为现在分词表示“跑步”这个动作的一般状态；作为过去分词表示“已经被跑完的”这个动作的被动状态；或者作为不定式表示“去跑步”这个动作的一般将来时。
3.变化：谓语动词会随着主语人称、数和时态的变化而变化。
例如，“Johnis running”变为“John was running”时，“is”变为“was”，这是时态的变化；变为“John runs”时，“is”变为“runs”，这是数的变化；变为“I am running”时，“John”变为“I”，这是人称的变化。
而非谓语动词则不会随着主语的变化而变化。
例如，“running”无论在何种情况下都不会变为“run”。
4.作用：谓语动词在句子中主要用来描述主语的动作或状态。
高考英语语法专项复习：谓语动词及非谓语动词区分
高考英语语法专项练习谓语动词和非谓语动词区分区分谓语动词与非谓语动词是高考英语语法填空题型中的重难点，考生在解题过程中应按以下步骤进行分析：1.找到设空句子中的谓语动词和连接词，其中要注意被省略连接词的补充。
2.连接词与谓语动词的数量规律：谓语动词数量=连接词数量+1。
3.根据数量规律判断句子中是否缺少谓语动词，如缺少，设空位置应填谓语动词，需要考虑时态，语态及主谓一致等问题；如不缺少，设空位置应填非谓语动词，需根据非谓语动词在句子中担当的成分进一步判断。
1. A century ago, when night-time _______(fall), the dark arrived. Things aredifferent today.2.Friendship is one of life’s greatest gifts,and it _______ (value)in both Eastern andWestern cultures.3.The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ____________(improve) water quality.4.They start building their huts late in the summer, but do not get them ________(finish) before the early frosts.5.First of all, __________ (become) aware of what causes your worry will help toreduce the stress.6.Nine spacecrafts ___________(send) to study Jupiter by now.7.If one person breaks the rules, more people __________ (follow) him and dowhat they want.8.Actually, it is quite normal for the average person ________ (live) in a city to seethousands of ads every single day.9.Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, butscientists have had difficulty ___________(determine) “Which came first, the chicken or the egg？”10.China launched a campaign against food waste in 2013 and _________(renew)the call early this year to create an increasingly prosperous society.11.With the last satellite launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on June23, the global network of 59 satellites _________(complete) since then.12.But if you do find it difficult ______(fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then youshould avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening.13._________(expose) to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicatewith others in fluent English.14.Less than a month after Kumar won the right ________(compete) in them, theTokyo 2020 Olympic Games was put off until 2021.15.The drone, _________(equip) with a special camera and a loudspeaker, can detectpeople with fever at a certain distance and broadcast messages about protective measures to residents.16.It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows which represent the sadness VanGogh was feeling as he ________(paint), rather than what he was actually seeing.17.The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginning,butconflicts finally _________ (arise)and led to the Indian War(1866-1890).18.The Jiaolong even holds the record for the deepest dive by a manned submarine,at 7，062 metres, _________(give) China its place alongside the world's top ocean explorers.19.Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinesecharacters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ____________(create) special designs.20.On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concerton a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ____________(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.21.Like Chinese music, African music is very rhythmic —each instrument___________ (tell) its own story, makes you a part of it and takes you on a different journey.22.Xin Xing (a female panda), born in Sichuan Province in 1982, _____________(rescue) in the wild and sent to Chongqing Zoo in 1983.23.Traditional Chinese wedding customs may vary from place to place and time totime, but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people, _________(cause) a far-reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives.24.It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. Thisincluded digging up the road, ________(lay) the track and then building a strongroof over the top.25.Casey told the rescuers that he ________ (hang)out with a black bear for twodays, a bear he called his "friend".26.In the past many years, the giant panda __________ (drive)out of the lowlandareas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other development.27.In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries____________(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. 28.You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of____________(die) early by running.29.Scientists have responded by ____________(note) that hungry bears may becongregating (聚集) around human settlements...30.I was also a co-founder of the website Mother Nature Network, which____________ (integrate) into Treehugger the other day.31.Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed onlysince the mid-1980s, and are expensive ____________(perform) consistently over a large area.32.Technological innovations，____________(combine) with good marketing，willpromote the sales of these products.33."An Miao"(meaning seedling protection) is a traditional farming activity ofsouthern Anhui province that __________ (practice) since the early Ming dynasty(1368-1644).34.Children younger than 12 _________(allow) only to play the game for amaximum of one hour a day, and after 9 pm, they would be banned from logging on(登录),said Tencent.35.The dancer's incredible performance had the audience on its feet____________(clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.36.____________(help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested readingthrough our notes.37.The next morning he hired a boat and set out ____________(find) thewell-known painter.38.Orange trees are more than decoration... They make great gifts and you see themmany times ____________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.39.Power walking offers many benefits. Walking at a quick pace of 4mph__________ (burn) around 300 calories per hour.40.Now China _________ (push) for a larger role in global economicpolicy-making.41.This was the first time George ___________(feel) accepted by the people aroundhim.42."This really excites scientists,"Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says,"because it __________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon __________- (construct)."43.They represent the earth ____________(come) back to life and best wishes fornew beginnings.44.I like eating ____________(fry) tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must beeasy to cook.45.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4____________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.46.The artist was sure he would___________(choose), but when he presented hismasterpiece t o the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.47.And, as more children were born, more food ____________(need).48.Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___________(throw) away.49.Instead of getting down to a new task as I ___________(expect), he examined theprevious work again.50.—You are a great swimmer.—Thanks. It’s because I ____________ (practise)a lot these days.51.One study in America found that students’ grades ____________(improve) a littleafter the school introduced uniforms.52.This may be due to some disadvantages for people ____________(live) in thecountryside.53.On the first day of my first grade...I __________(voice) my biggest concern tomy mother, "How will I make friends?"54.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals __________ (install) by 2022 forthe Beijing Winter Olympics.55.The musician along with his band members __________ (give) ten performancesin the last three months.56.I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid ____________(look) directlyinto his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.57.Amy, as well as her brothers, ___________ (give)a warm hug when returning tothe village last week.参考答案1.fell2.is valued3.to improve4.finished5.becoming6.have been sent7.will follow8.living9.determining10.renewed11.has been completed12.to fall13.Having been exposed14.to compete15.equipped16.was painting17.arose18.giving19.to create20.listening21.tells22.was rescued23.causingying25.had hung26.has been driven27.studied28.dying29.noting30.was integrated31.to performbined33.has been practiced34.would be allowed35.clapping36.To help37.to find38.decorated39.burns40.is pushing41.had felt42.means, is constructeding44.fried45.to find46.be chosen47.was needed48.are thrown49.had expected50.have been practising51.improved52.living53.voiced54.will have been installed55.has given56.looking57.was given。
MBA英语时间：如何辨别谓语动词与非谓语动词
MBA英语时间：如何辨别谓语动词与非谓语动词
对于MBA英语阅读或翻译中的长难句来说，我们熟知的不二法门就是找主干，而这个主干怎么找显然就成了我们理解句子的突破点了。
在讲之前，需要先和大家普及一条公理，那就是：
英语句子有且只有一个谓语动词（当然并列除外）。
所以主干的确定，关键还是看谓语，谓语又只能由动词充当，所以怎么辨别这个动词是不是谓语动词成为了关键。
从动词的分类我们知道，分为谓语动词和非谓语动词，什么叫做非谓语动词，显然就是不能作谓语的动词，也就是说除了谓语，它基本没有禁区。
怎么区分？实际上但从外观上就可以分辨出来。
首先，我们来复习下非谓语的三种形式：
现在分词/动名词：-ing
过去分词：-ed
不定式-to do
所以，如何辨别谓语动词，可以从以下两点出发：
1.以上三种形式鲜明的非谓语动词之外的动词就是谓语动词；
2.有过去将来之别（可说出时态），或情态动词开路，或原形（除特殊的动宾补结构）的，必为谓语动词。
但是，动词的-ed形式，既可以是过去时态，也可以是过去分词，那这个怎么辨别？
很简单，规律如下：
♦若为不及物动词，ed形式则是谓语无疑；
♦若为及物动词，ed形式后接宾语的为谓语，无宾语的为非谓语。
简而言之，谓语动词的判断标准，要点如下：
正确判断谓语动词，大致是“三态”：
时态：过去现在将来式
情态：以情态动词领先
原态：动词原形
反面排除非谓语动词：
单独的ing型，或复合型以ing型领先
To do型
-ed型中，及物而未带宾语者
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高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别
高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别高中英语知识点归纳：非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别英语中的动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词两种形式。
谓语动词用来构成句子的谓语，表达主语的动作、状态或存在等，而非谓语动词则在句子中作其他成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
本文将对高中英语中的非谓语动词和谓语动词进行归纳总结，并分析它们的区别。
一、非谓语动词非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词三种形式，它们都不具备时态和人称的变化。
下面分别介绍这三种形式的用法及其区别。
1. 不定式不定式是动词的一种形式，一般由“to + 动词原形”构成。
它可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾补等多种成分。
（1）作主语：To learn English well is my goal.（学好英语是我的目标。
）（2）作宾语：I want to go to the cinema.（我想去电影院。
）（3）作定语：I have some books to read.（我有一些书要读。
）（4）作表语：Her dream is to become a teacher.（她的梦想是成为一名教师。
）（5）作宾补：I find it difficult to understand this passage.（我发现理解这篇文章很困难。
）2. 动名词动名词常由动词加-ing形式构成，可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语等。
（1）作主语：Swimming is good exercise.（游泳是很好的锻炼。
）（2）作宾语：I enjoy playing basketball.（我喜欢打篮球。
）（3）作定语：The running water sounds soothing.（流水的声音听起来很舒缓。
）（4）作表语：Her hobby is painting.（她的爱好是绘画。
）3. 分词分词有现在分词和过去分词两种形式，可以作定语、表语和状语等。
（1）现在分词作定语：The crying baby needs attention.（哭泣的婴儿需要关注。