英语专四专八考试-英语专八改错10大高频考点
英语专业考研、专八_——改错题常考要点

改错题常考要点一、代词代词中主要讲解六个问题(一) 掌握代词的几种格主格、宾格、所有格名词前面用代词来修饰,只能用所有格(my books)(二) 反身代词当主语和宾语表示同一事物时,宾语使用反身代词。
He killed himself. (他自杀了)He killed him. (他杀了他)例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigatingA Ba series of indicators that could helpCthemselves to predict earthquakes.D分析:D错,应改为them。
如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。
从句意来看,help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。
注意C并没有错,情态动词could 比can语气弱,表示较小的可能性。
Indicator为征兆,这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。
主语是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一个事物(三) 代词的单复数,代词的性别在考试中如果代词打横线,代词错误的概率是非常高的,因此代词打横线,应该先看代词有没有错。
例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockiesthat divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into theA B C DPacific.分析:D错,应改为those。
D指代复数名词waters, it是单数,显然是错误的,根据习惯故改为those。
注意waters一词并没有错,它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用复数形式。
英语专题八级改错详细介绍

常见错误类型:从句子结构
句子结构
常见错误
定语结构 比较结构 并列结构
1.在用分词做定语时,混淆现 在分词和过去分;
2.在用从句做定语时,定语从 句的先行词和关系代词使用 不当,主谓不一致
1.比较级+than结构中: 形容词的 级别,比较事物的前后一致 表比较的动词,形容词形成的比 较结构中的固定搭配,前后比 较事物的一致 as --- as
英语专题八级改错详细介绍
基本用法
可数名词 不可数名词
泛指
特指
a/an + 可数名词单数 举例:a book, an apple
零冠词+可数名词复数 举例: books, apples
the+可数名词单数/复数 举例: the book(s)
the apple(s)
零冠词+不可数名词 举例: water, sugar
• 每年涉及至少5种词类的修改; • 动词每年都有,至少一个; • 形容词副词每年至少有一个; • 冠词代词每年至少有一个(01年除外) • 2.从修改方法上看,每年10道改错题呈6,7--
-1,2---1,2的分值分布,即,修改单词6-7 个,增加单词1-2个,删除单词1-2个(2005年 除外) •
代词
1.指示代词this, that, these, those的混淆, 缺失,误用 (8-6;5-3;3-8;9-8) 2.关系代词的缺失或误用 (8-4; 7-2;5-4,7;2-5)
介词 连词
1. 介词短语,以及和动词,形容词和名词 形成的固定搭配错误 (9-6;8-1,9,10; 7-6,7; 6- 3, 5-3,4-4,3-3,10; 2-10; 1-1; 0-3, 5; 99-4)
专八改错知识点总结

专八改错知识点总结专八考试改错题目一直是考生们的重点复习内容,因为它考察了考生对语法、用词、搭配、逻辑、修辞和语义等多个方面的综合能力。
因此,考生在备考专八的时候,需要系统地学习相关知识点,通过大量的练习来提高自己的改错能力。
下面将对专八改错知识点进行总结,希望能给考生们在备考过程中提供帮助。
一、冠词1.没有冠词:错误:I went to bookstore yesterday.改正:I went to the bookstore yesterday.2.错用冠词:错误:He is strong as the lion.改正:He is as strong as a lion.3.误加冠词:错误:He is a one of the best player.改正:He is one of the best players.4.错用冠词表泛指意义:错误:A honesty is the best policy.改正:Honesty is the best policy.5.名词前误用冠词:错误:He is a Mr. Smith.改正:He is Mr. Smith.二、名词1.单数名词误用成复数名词:错误:I have two childrens.改正:I have two children.2.不可数名词误用成可数名词:错误:We need some advices to help us.改正:We need some advice to help us.3.名词前缺少形容词:错误:She is a worker.改正:She is a hard-working worker.4.名词前误用成形容词:错误:I bought three furnitures for the new house.改正:I bought three pieces of furniture for the new house.三、代词1.误用主格代词和宾格代词:错误:Me and my friend went to the movie.改正:My friend and I went to the movie.2.误用主格代词和形容词性物主代词:错误:He is a friend of my.改正:He is a friend of mine.3.不定代词误用:错误:Does anyone disagree with me?改正:Does anyone disagree with what I say?4.人称代词误用:错误:Mary and me were at the party.改正:Mary and I were at the party.5.没有用it作形式主语:错误:To see is to believe.改正:It is to believe that is to see.四、动词1.时态误用:错误:I am knowing the truth for a long time.改正:I have known the truth for a long time. 2.语态误用:错误:The house built a few years ago.改正:The house was built a few years ago. 3.情态动词误用:错误:He can to speak English fluently.改正:He can speak English fluently.4.动词单复数误用:错误:The people in the classroom is playing.改正:The people in the classroom are playing. 5.动词后缺少宾语:错误:She enjoys.改正:She enjoys reading books.五、形容词1.错误把副词写成形容词:错误:You did so good in the test.改正:You did so well in the test.2.缺少形容词:错误:It is a idea.改正:It is a good idea.3.误用比较级:错误:He is more fatter than her.改正:He is fatter than her.【成语的替换与考查专项】要把成语说成是一个新的造词技术,也是中国人的特长,这就是成语。
专八改错重点讲解

英语专业八级改错题常见错误改错题常见错误1、名词错误。
名词单、复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。
例如:①We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.?A few后面应该用复数,所以subject改为subjects。
②They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.Question为可数名词,lots of后面是复数形式,所以question改为questions③I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon.“Times”表示次数时是可数名词,表示时间概念时是不可数名词,根据句意times应改为time。
2、时态错误:在一篇结构完整、语义连续的短文中,时态的使用也应该连贯一致,但是英语表示时间时,主句和从句时态可能不一致,却仍表明完整正确的意思。
这就要求考生准确判断句中动作的时态,培养对英语时态的敏感度。
?例如:①He can’t remember what he once knows.主句用的是一般现在时,宾语从句中有once(从前)作为明显的时间状语,因而从句中动词应用过去时knew。
②It was kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.“and”两边应该是平行的,“and”前面是动词原形meet,“and”后面应该也用动词原形,所以将drove改为drive。
3、语态错误在短文改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。
因为汉语表达习惯上有时不加“被”字也能表示被动,因而造成考生对被动语态不敏感。
英语专八改错题常见错误

英语专八改错题常见错误1、名词错误:名词单、复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。
例如:①We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.?A few后面应该用复数,所以subject改为subjects。
②They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.Question为可数名词,lots of后面是复数形式,所以question改为questions③I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon.Times表示次数时是可数名词,表示时间概念时是不可数名词,根据句意times应改为time。
2、时态错误:在一篇结构完整、语义连续的短文中,时态的使用也应该连贯一致,但是英语表示时间时,主句和从句时态可能不一致,却仍表明完整正确的意思。
这就要求考生准确判断句中动作的时态,培养对英语时态的敏感度。
?例如:①He cant remember what he once knows.主句用的是一般现在时,宾语从句中有once(从前)作为明显的时间状语,因而从句中动词应用过去时knew。
②It was kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.and两边应该是平行的,and前面是动词原形meet,and后面应该也用动词原形,所以将drove改为drive。
3、语态错误在短文改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。
因为汉语表达习惯上有时不加被字也能表示被动,因而造成考生对被动语态不敏感。
另外,不及物动词不能携带宾语,因而也就没有被动语态。
专八改错-考点解析讲义

八级英语考试语言运用-10大考点解析主讲老师:黄培辰一、语言运用部分的本质1)Reading Comprehension是大意阅读2)Language Usage是精读所以,读不懂就无法改二、Language Usage和Reading Comprehension的异同1)都需要读段落的第一句话2)都需要归纳段落主旨3)Reading Comprehension考查段落大意、作者态度、逻辑关系、字句的含义4)Language Usage考查语法、连词、单词辨析三、语言运用部分的十大考点1)定冠词和不定冠词的基本使用2)指代词汇使用3)主谓一致性4)主被动5)定语从句、同位语从句、强调句6)词性辨析7)习惯搭配8)连词使用9)介词使用10)单词辨析例子:1999年答案1.答案:as→like2.答案:supplementing→supplemented3.答案:and→or4.答案:in→on5.答案:as→whereas/while6.答案:for7.答案:of8.答案:half∧→that9.答案:if→though10.答案:for ∧→a2000年答案1.答案: the2.答案:but→and3.答案:in→to4.答案:misled→misleading5.答案:away6.答案:single→only7.答案:as→in8.答案:mean→means9.答案:have∧→such10.答案:obscurity→obscurities2001年答案1.答案: as→so2.答案:increasing→increasingly3.答案:so→but4.答案:soon或shortly5.答案:rich→richer6.答案:asked∧→for7.答案:involving→involved8.答案:1ife→living9.答案:handle→deal或with10.答案:total→full2011年答案1.grew的后面加up2.conscience变成consciousness3.soon变成sooner4.将the变成a5.disagreeing变成disagreeable6.imaginative变成imaginary7.literal变成literary8.去掉in9.which的前面加in10.Therefore变成Nevertheless四、做题方法方法一、注意段落第一句话方法二、单行注意基本语法、换行注意指代和一致性方法三、无错误行数对于有错误行数有暗示方法四、注意形似词汇、固定表达的总结和积累五、早期题目的练习The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric 1. human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing 2.with animal foods. An analysis of 58 societies of modern hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed that onehalf emphasize gathering plant foods, one-third concentrate on fishingand only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirdsand more of the hunter-gatherer’s calories come from plants. 3. Detailed studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University of London, showed that gathering is a more productive source of foodthan is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 4. edible calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. 5.Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung 6. diet, and no one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, ifthey escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporaryaborigines live to old ages despite of the absence of medical care. 7. They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dentaldecay, no high blood pressure, on heart disease, and their bloodcholesterol levels are very low( about half of the average American 8. adult), if no one is suggesting what we return to an aboriginal life 9. style, we certainly could use their eating habits as a model for 10. healthier diet.只做题不总结是不行的、只总结不做题也是不行的五种知识要总结:1)定冠词不定冠词2)生偏语法点3)连词4)介词5)形态相似的词汇六、定冠词不定冠词使用1)不定冠词●用于可数名词单数前,表示某一类人或事物。
英语专八改错题常见错误汇总

十大经典错误,如能正确运用,必将助你一臂之力。
经典错误1:冠词问题(a和the以及零冠词的问题)经典错误2:代词问题(尤其是代词和名词在单复数上的一致)经典错误3:非谓语动词问题(特别是-ed分成与-ing分词的混用)经典错误4:形容词与副词问题(改用形容词用了副词或反之)经典错误5:介词搭配问题(介词名词、动词、形容词的习惯搭配)经典错误6:衔接错误(and和but;however和therefore)经典错误7:时态语态语气问题(尤其是虚拟语气问题)经典错误8:易混词与反义词问题(包括同义词和反义词)经典错误9:赘述省略平行问题(尤其是结果的平行)经典错误10:形容词的用法问题(比较级;尤其注意特殊形容词inferior等)专八改错常见错误汇总:1.首先必须找对错的地方2.并列连词前后一致3.根据上下文衔接关系改连词,参考第8点4.词性使用错误,参12点5.相反用词,如加前后缀与反义6.总结3.5点中的词语7.对于可能出错的地方敏感8.moreover however but and or9.可数与不可数名词所用的修饰词不同:many much little few less fewer10.去掉插入语干扰通读整句11.suggest等词不做见意时不用虚拟语气12.词性使用错误:形+名,副+动13.the与a之间改换,有些题目要加the14.动词固定搭配,改换介词 of in from for about例:argue for15.形容词,名词有前缀的要去掉,可以加前缀的要加上16.提取句子主干:主谓一致17.要改的错误都存在一个形近的词18.ed与ing之间转换,可能为形容词或动词19.情态动词使用错误,如:could与might20.可数与不可数名词单复数及不可数名词前不能加冠词21.定语从句which that whose,定语从句主体名词后修饰词干扰22.通读改错题答案,从中总结常见的错误出没的地方及一些经常改来改去的词,如:like与as23.做完题目整体回顾自己的答案,查看是否有重复或者漏掉的常见错误类型24.还是要读懂原文,只靠一些小技巧是不行的25.比较词than出现后,注意其前边形容词要为比较级26.while与but是有区别的,while表对比,but表转折27.再次提醒注意名词的单复数:expenses emotions continents28.定语从句引导词要根据其前的先行词而定,地点where时间when,注意有时需改为whose29.文中出现的一些词对于错误选项的提示作用30.当实在是找不到错误时,考虑介词连词等常见出错的地方31.注意加定冠词the的情况,如:the most…the problems(前文中提到过这个问题)32.fewer 与 less 区别: 1 233.after since before unless as34.out outside outer絮叨:最近几天一直在做专八的改错题目,上边几点是做完题目后总结的改错题中出题人经常设置错误的地方以及一些做题的思路。
英语专八改错常考点

专业八级改错常考点【1】固定搭配(箭头右边表示正确的搭配)1.yearn to → yearn for 渴望2.at average →on average 平均3.in return to → in return for 报答4.resistance of → resistance to 抵抗5.take pride of → take pride in 骄傲6.leap out to…→leap out at…扑过来7.at the first place →in the first place 首先8.in a quick speed →at a quick speed 高速9.take to do → take to doing 求助于,开始10.embark sth .→ embark on sth .着手做某事11.interpret … to → interpret …as 把…解释为…12.account 20% → account for 20% 占据…比例13.considerations to …→ considerations for…考虑14.be in liberty to → be at liberty to 不受限制或支配15.in proportion with → in proportion to与…成比例16.defend sth. against → defend sth. from保护不受伤害17.with the belief that →in the belief that 信仰,相信18.be contrasted to → be contrasted with 形成反差,对立19.with many respects →in many respects 在许多方面20.succeed doing sth. → succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事21.pay for it with dollars → pay for it in dollars 用美元支付22.identify oneself to → identify oneself with 参加到… 中23.approach to do … → approach to doing…做某事的方法24.get one’s teeth on → get one’s teeth into埋头做,认真做25.at advance of sth .→in advance of sth .提前,在…之前26.attitude on life → attitude towards/to life 对生活的态度27.substitute A with B → substitute A for B 用A 代替 B28.differ A from B → distinguish A from B 把A 和B 区分开29.become victims of …→ become victims to …成为牺牲品mit an offence to → commit an offence against 犯罪行为31.ability of (doing) sth. → ability in (doing) sth. 做某事的能力32.fortify sb. for sth. → fortify sb. against sth. 加强… 以抵御…33.be successful on doing → be successful at/in doing 成功做某事34.inject them lethal strains → inject them with lethal strains 注射35.demand of luxury goods → demand for luxury goods 对奢侈品的需求36.charge him with the same price → charge him with the same price 收费37.imbalance of A and B → imbalance between A and B A 与B 间的不平38.cast/throw/shed light to sth. → cast/throw/shed light on sth. 给…提供线索39.shortage of protein with them → shortage of protein among them他们缺乏蛋白质40.the problems with the government → the problems for the government政府的难题【2】形近异义词的区分1.affect v.影响–effet n.影响2.cooker n.厨具–cook n.厨师3.rise vi.出现–raise vt.出现4.reward n.回馈–award n.奖赏5.diary n.日记–dairy n. 牛奶场6.contact v.联系–contract v.收缩tter adj.后面的–later adj.后来8.adapt v.适应–adopt v.采纳;收养9.moral adj.道德的–morale n.士气10.insurance n.保险–assurance n.担保11.agent n.代理人–agency n.代理机构12.value n.价值–evaluate v.评估,测评13.personal adj. 私人的–personnel n.人员14.across prep. 从中间穿过–cross v.穿过15.principal adj.主要的–principle n.原则16.provide v.提供–provided/providing 如果17.desert n.沙漠;v.遗弃–dessert n.甜品18.former adj.前者的–formal adj.正式的19.special adj.特殊的–specific adj.特定的20.tense n.时态;adj.紧张的–tension n.紧张21.confirm v.批准,确认–conform v.遵守/照22.beside prep. 在……旁边–besides ad v.除了23.presence n.出现,出席–presentation n.展示24.acceptability n.可接受性–acceptance n.接受25.industrious adj.勤奋的–industrial adj.工业的26.healthy adj. 健康的–healthful adj. 有益健康的27.perceive v.察觉;感觉–conceive v.怀有;设想28.memorizing v.记住–memorable adj.值得纪念的29.effective adj.有效的–affective adj.受……影响的30.considerate adj.体贴的–considerable adj.大量的te adj.迟的;已故的–latest adj. 最晚的;最新的32.permit v. 允许,许可;n.许可证–permission n.允许33.historic adj. 有历史意义的–historical adj. 有关历史的34.economical adj.节俭的,节约的–economic adj.经济的35.producing v.生产–productive adj.多产的;富有成效的36.stationary adj.固定的,不动的–stationery n.文具;信纸37.transformation n.改造,转变–transmission n.传播;传送38.respectable adj. 可敬的;体面的–respectful adj. 值得尊敬的39.require v.要求–acquire v.获得,习得–inquire v.咨询40.normal n.常态,标准;adj.正常的–norm n.规范,行为标准plexity n.复杂性–complex adj. 复杂的;合成的;n.合成体42.lonely adj. (精神)孤独的,寂寞的–alone adj. 单独的,孤独的;adv. 独自地43.farther adj. (距离)更远的;进一步的–further adj. (程度)更远的,进一步的44.continual adj.连续的;不停的(允许有间断)–continuous adj. 持续不断的(时间或空间上没有间断)45.conscious adj.有意识的;神志清醒的–consciousness n.意识–conscientiousadj.认真负责的;有良心的【3】逻辑连词:根据上下文逻辑关系,选择正确的逻辑连词1.therefore – nevertheless/however (大部分therefore 都要改为however)2.and – but3.but – because4.moreover – however5.after – before6.since – although7.that – if8.from now on – from then on9.all – none10.if – unless11.besides – except12.therefore – because13.so – because14.that’s why +结果–that’s because +原因【4】冠词:不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词(1)冠词多余1.on the either side →on either side2.in the Europe →in Europe3.in the winter →in winter (季节前不加冠词)4.take the issue →take issue(对…持异议,不同意)(2)冠词缺漏1.at heart of →at the heart of2.in long run →in the long run3.one of first →one of the first4.among most →among the most5.around floor →around the floor6.piano →the piano (乐器前要有定冠词)7.English language →the English language8.between us and rest →between us and the rest9.in minority/mojority →in the minority/mojority10.atmosphere →the atmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)【5】形容词副词混用:形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词、形容词或整个句子1.pure →purely2.much →many3.simple →simply4.increasing →increasingly5.similar strong →similarly strong6.spread colossal →spread colossally7.have been currently →have been current8.be well equipped as →be as well equipped as9.heavy industrialized →heavily industrialized10.feel hopeless thwarted →feel hopelessly thwartedparative high proportion →comparatively high proportion12.in the passed 5 years →in the past 5 years13.culture embedded attitudes →culturally embedded attitudes 【6】成分残缺、多余1.seven – seven th2.20 percents – 20 percent3.work sth. – work out sth.4.eyes contact –eye contact5.average incomes – average incomeplain about sth . – complain sth .7.the like of – the likes of (诸如此类的)8.be referred to XX – be referred to as XX9.take for granted that – take it for granted thatmunication service –communications service11.one of the most glaring form – one of the most glaring forms12. a world which I could get … – a world in which I could get …13.the process which it function – the process by which it function14.the idea shows – the idea that shows (先行词在定语从句中作主语,关系代词不可省略)15.their jobs engage in their interest – their jobs engage their interest (engage单独使用表示“占用(某人时间),吸引(某人注意力)”16.believe in – believe (believe 单独使用表示一般的“相信”,believe in 表示“信任某人,信仰……”)。
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英语专八改错10大高频考点改错考什么?专八改错题型主要是测试学生运用语言知识的能力,要求考生能运用语法、词汇、修辞等语言知识识别所给短文内的语病并提出改正方法。
改错题是由一篇约250个单词的短文组成,短文中有10行标有题号,这10行内均含有一个语误。
要求学生根据"增添""删除"或"改变其中的某一个单词或短语"三种方法中的一种改正语误。
本部分为作答题,共10题。
考试时间45分钟。
分值10分。
评分标准包括哪些?专八改错每题一分,没有半分。
具体的得分条件是:1. 错误标注正确(如未标出,或标错,均不得分);2. 错误改正正确(单词拼写错误,不得分,大小写错误给分)。
答题方式是怎样的?改错短文的每行错误只对一个单词的修改,具体修改方式如下:1. 如果单词错误,要给单词加下划线,并在行末的横线上写出正确的单词。
2. 如果单词遗漏,要在遗漏处加上"∧",并在行末的横线上写出要增加的单词。
3. 如果单词多余,要用斜杠"/"把单词划掉,并在行末的横线上写出这个单词。
专八改错10大高频考点1. 短语搭配错误短语搭配错误在改错题中出现频率非常高,考生要特别引起注意。
此类错误,大多数情况错在介词,近年也常出现动宾搭配的错误。
【真题例证】…in the turn of the 19th century, …【解析】in→at。
习语"在……世纪之交",应为at the turn of…。
2. 逻辑关系词错误此类错误出现的频率很高,几乎每年都会考一题。
逻辑关系错误属于衔接错误,主要体现为连词错误。
历年真题中,出现频率高的连词有:and, therefore, nevertheless, since等。
常常是要把因果关系替换成转折关系,并列关系替换成转折或选择关系,转折关系替换成因果关系等。
【真题例证】…I did not know what she meant, and being proud of myvocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context.【解析】and→but。
本题所在的句子由两个分句构成,前一分句指出"我不知道她所说的***指什么",后一分句则讲"出于对自己词汇量的自信,我尝试着从语境中推断***一词的含义"。
从上下文的语义来判断,两个分句之间是转折关系,所以应将表顺接关系的and改为but。
3. 从句引导词误用各类从句的引导词,尤其是名词性从句和定语从句的引导词,是专八改错的常考点,基本每年都会有一题。
错误主要出现在从句引导词的误用和漏用。
【真题例证】…It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexityinvolved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it; …【解析】circumstances∧→that。
本题考查it is…that…的强调句型。
原文强调,只有在特殊的情况下,人们才会意识到语言的复杂性,本句强调的是状语only in exceptional circumstances,因此要在circumstances后面加上that。
4. 形容词与副词错误形容词与副词错误经常出现在专八改错题中,一般涉及形容词和副词的比较级、最高级误用,形容词和副词的词性误用等错误。
【真题例证】…providing evidence of a language with a large proportion ofsuch cries than we find in English…【解析】large→larger。
在紧接着的下文中有than的出现,应使用比较级。
5. 易混词错误易混词错误主要包括形近异义词错误和形近近义词错误。
历年考题中易混词错误涉及的词类,出现频率由高至低依次是:①名词、形容词②动词、副词③偶见介词、连词【真题例证】…I had the lonely child's habit of making upstories and holding conversations with imaginative persons, and …【解析】imaginative→imaginary。
单词imaginative指"(人)想象力丰富的",而这里所表达的意思是"我和其他的孩子一样,习惯编造故事,与想象中的人物对话",所以应换成其同根词imaginary"想象的,虚构的"。
6. 代词错误专八考试中最容易出错的是指示代词和关系代词,其次,物主代词的单复数错误也经常出现。
考生在答题时要注意:①确保指代一致②确定句中的关系代词是否多余、缺少或不合适③确定充当先行词的指示代词是否正确【真题例证】…every language appears to be as well equipped as any otherto say the things their speakers want to say.【解析】their→its。
本处的speakers是指上文中every language的使用者,物主代词应使用单数,所以应将their改成its。
7. 冠词错误英语冠词虽然数量不多(包括定冠词the,不定冠词a/an,以及零冠词),但使用比较灵活,而且汉语中没有与之相对应的词类,很多中国学生在使用冠词时容易出错。
专八考试中冠词错误出现频率较高的依次是:①定冠词多余②定冠词缺漏③定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用【真题例证】One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately.【解析】第一行,language这个词用来泛指"语言"时,前面不需要冠词;而特指某一门或几门语言时,可以有冠词修饰,且有单复数形式。
这里表示将"语言看作理所当然",是表泛指的"语言",language前不需要冠词。
第三行考查固定搭配"大部分时间",应该用most of the time。
"most of+名词词组"结构中,后面的名词词组即是特指的。
8. 成分残缺或多余在历年专八考题中,句法层面经常考查成分残缺或成分多余错误。
在一般情况下,句子成分,特别是主干部分,是不能随意省掉的。
成分多余常体现在用词重复上,即用两个意义相同的词作修饰成分,造成不必要的重复;有时也表现在句子成分的多余,如出现多余的主语、谓语或宾语等成分。
【真题例证】Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language?【解析】sense∧→as。
本句的句意是"是否可能像学习母语一样去学习一门外语?"这句话里有一个非常明显的比较结构in the same sense,但文中缺少一个关系代词as,它往往用在same, such之后引导限制性定语从句。
9. 时态错误在历年专八考题中,时态错误通常是一般现在时和一般过去时之间的使用错误。
【真题例证】Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured some kind of "free" translation: the spirit, not the letter; the sense not the words; the message rather than the form; the matter not the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers whowanted the truth to be read and understood…【解析】is→was。
考点所在句子中的定语从句用的是一般过去时(wanted),而主句谓语动词用的是一般现在时,不符合一个句子中时态应保持一致的语法规则。
再从更大范围来看,本句与上一句都是讲述19世纪之前作家们的情况,上一句也用了一般过去时(favoured),从而确定本题应该将is改为was。
10. 现在分词与过去分词误用英语中的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示(逻辑)主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示(逻辑)主语是动作的承受者。
现在分词表主动,过去分词表被动。
考生要判断改错题中的分词及语态是否使用正确。
【真题例证】When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked around at the luxury of therink, my friend's mother remarked on the "plush" seats we had been given.【解析】Looked→Looking。
本题考查动词的分词形式与逻辑主语之间的主动或被动关系。
这个句子的主语是my friend's mother,她不仅是谓语动词(remarked)的动作发出者,还是伴随状语(look around…)的逻辑主语,且my friend's mother与look around为主动关系。
因此,这里应将表示"被动关系"的过去分词Looked改为表示"主动关系"的现在分词Looking。