英语语言学function of language课件
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英语语言学function of language知识分享
Referential: to convey message and information Poetic: to indulge in language for its own sake Emotive: to express attitudes, feelings and emotions Conative: to persuade and influence others through
Ideational metafunction
The ideational function is language concerned with building and maintaining a theory of experience. It includes the experiential function and the logical function.
Halliday’s view
Interpersonal metafunction
The interpersonal function refers to the grammatical s that enable speakers to enact their complex and diverse interpersonal relations.
元语言功能（弄清意图、词语和意义 ）。
Halliday’s view
From early on in his account of language, Halliday has argued that it is inherently functional. His early papers on the grammar of English make reference to the "functional components" of language, as "generalized uses of language, which, since they seem to determine the nature of the language system, require to be incorporated into our account of that system." Halliday argues that this functional organization of language "determines the form taken by grammatical structure".
英语语言学概论METAFUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE4
logical–semantic relationships between one clausal unit and another”. 指的是是语言对两个或两个以上的意义单位之间逻辑关系的表达。
Attitude
Evluation
Ideational ≈ Descriptive
Feelings
Emotions
M达关。的E换时T言间A之、，地F就点U是等IdN反环e映境Ca客因tT观素io世。IO界n中aN所l S发生的E事xI、np所et牵reie涉rnp的ce人e和rfsu物no以cn及tioa与n之l 有
Logic function
Textual Halliday describes the logical function as those systems “which set up
“In terms of the functions that language evmolevteadfutnocsteiornve”
all langsuyasgteesmaicrefuconncstiidoenraeldlitnogbueissthiacpsed and
organised in relation to three functions, or metafunctions.
IndicSapteeaker’s role
InteErsptaebPrlisesrhosonnSaaol coiamlmreitlmaetinot nships
MainAtasinsessment
TextuaTlexts
Halliday argues that both experiential and interpersonal functions are intricately organized, but that between the two “there is comparatively very little constraint”. This means that “by and large, you can put any interactional ‘spin’ on any representational content”. What allows meanings from these two modes to freely combine is the intercession of a third, distinct mode of meaning that Halliday refers to as the textual function. The term encompasses all of the grammatical systems responsible for managing the flow of discourse.
Attitude
Evluation
Ideational ≈ Descriptive
Feelings
Emotions
M达关。的E换时T言间A之、，地F就点U是等IdN反环e映境Ca客因tT观素io世。IO界n中aN所l S发生的E事xI、np所et牵reie涉rnp的ce人e和rfsu物no以cn及tioa与n之l 有
Logic function
Textual Halliday describes the logical function as those systems “which set up
“In terms of the functions that language evmolevteadfutnocsteiornve”
all langsuyasgteesmaicrefuconncstiidoenraeldlitnogbueissthiacpsed and
organised in relation to three functions, or metafunctions.
IndicSapteeaker’s role
InteErsptaebPrlisesrhosonnSaaol coiamlmreitlmaetinot nships
MainAtasinsessment
TextuaTlexts
Halliday argues that both experiential and interpersonal functions are intricately organized, but that between the two “there is comparatively very little constraint”. This means that “by and large, you can put any interactional ‘spin’ on any representational content”. What allows meanings from these two modes to freely combine is the intercession of a third, distinct mode of meaning that Halliday refers to as the textual function. The term encompasses all of the grammatical systems responsible for managing the flow of discourse.
Features-of-Language上课讲义
4.Displacement（移位性）
• Language can be used to refer to things real or imagined,past,present or future.
• For example ：honeybee（蜜蜂）
• No animal communication system possesses this feature.
• (1)The forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship to their meaning.
•.
• (2) In different languages, different
sounds are used to refer to the same
object.
• For example,房子：house(英语)
•
casa（西班牙语）
• Language is not entirely arbitrary; some words are motivated, i.e., there seems to be some logical association between sounds and meaning.
• For example, a person can be the speaker while the other person is the listener and as the turn moves on to the listener, he can be the speaker and the first speaker is to listen
• (1) onomatopoeic （拟声的）motivation
语言学 Functions of language
the ideational function
Language serves for the expression of ‘content’: that is, of the speaker’s experience of the real world, including the inner world of his own consciousness. We may call this the ideational function.
well. （ 表 明 说 话 人 的 社 会 地
位、态度、判断等）
Elizabeth, Lizzy, my dear, Mummy, your majesty…
---Your Majesty（女王陛下）, my party has won the election, and so I ask your permission to form a... (----No, Mr Blair. I ask the question. )
（只有20%语言用于描述事实或传递 信息）
--- Eugene Nida
Interpersonal function （人际功能）
Language can be used to help people
interact with each other in a society, （与人交际）
to express the speaker’s status, social position, attitudes, and his judgment as
Informative function信息功能
Whenever we
ask people for information or tell others about our circumstances and things alike,
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language课件
e.g We have different hobbies:I like traveling while you don’t like it.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Ideational function（概念元功能）
• Ideational function comprises two components, the experiential function and the logical function.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Thanks!
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
• Textual function is represented through two categories of resources, structural resources which consist of thematic structure and thematic progression, and nonstructural resources which comprise all kinds of cohesive device.
“the speaker’s emotions,judgment and attitudes”.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Textual function (语篇元功能)
• The textual function is to organize written or spoken texts in such a manner to fit the particular situation in which they are used.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Ideational function（概念元功能）
• Ideational function comprises two components, the experiential function and the logical function.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Thanks!
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
• Textual function is represented through two categories of resources, structural resources which consist of thematic structure and thematic progression, and nonstructural resources which comprise all kinds of cohesive device.
“the speaker’s emotions,judgment and attitudes”.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language
Textual function (语篇元功能)
• The textual function is to organize written or spoken texts in such a manner to fit the particular situation in which they are used.
语言学课件：functions of language
metafunctions 元------ the larger, more general purposes underlying language use.
2021/4/15
4
7 specific functions:
1.emotive (expressive) function: releases feelings. Swear words, obscenities, exclamation , involuntary verbal reactions.
2021/4/15
16
Four phases of English 1 old English 2 Middle English 3 Early Modern English 4 Present-day English
2021/4/15
17
A historical study of language is a __ study of language.
ie, to discover the regularities governing the actual use of language and make
them the subjects of study of linguistics.
2021/4/15
21
Langue /parole
1 what is social from what is individual. 2 what is essential from what is
When we speak or write, we usually don’t confine ourselves to single phrases or sentences; we string them together to form a text. There are expressions that refer backwards and forwards, or substitute for others, or link phrases or sentences. They play the role of bringing units of language into unity.
2021/4/15
4
7 specific functions:
1.emotive (expressive) function: releases feelings. Swear words, obscenities, exclamation , involuntary verbal reactions.
2021/4/15
16
Four phases of English 1 old English 2 Middle English 3 Early Modern English 4 Present-day English
2021/4/15
17
A historical study of language is a __ study of language.
ie, to discover the regularities governing the actual use of language and make
them the subjects of study of linguistics.
2021/4/15
21
Langue /parole
1 what is social from what is individual. 2 what is essential from what is
When we speak or write, we usually don’t confine ourselves to single phrases or sentences; we string them together to form a text. There are expressions that refer backwards and forwards, or substitute for others, or link phrases or sentences. They play the role of bringing units of language into unity.
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language1
The ideational function is divided into experiential function and logical function. The experiential function refers to the grammatical choices that enable speakers to make convey meanings about the real or imaginary world. The logical function refers to those systems which set up logical semantic relationships between one clausal unit and another. When two clauses are combined, the speaker can give both clauses equal status, or make one dependent on the other.
一线工程师擅长放疗物理电子电气信息移动互联网等多方面领域
Metafunctions of Language
小组成员：徐艳红 吴丽丹 钱婷婷 殷秋琼 李文婷 周兰花
Ideational function
The ideational function is to build and maintain a theory of experience. It includes the expression of the speaker’s attitude, evaluation, feelings and emotions, e.g. “I understand your concealed thought.”InBiblioteka erpersonal function
英语语言学概论Metafunctions of Language3
• 语言对人们在现实世 • 语言对两个或两个以
界包括内心世界中的 上的意义单位之间逻
各种经历的表达。
辑关系的表达。
Interpersonal function 人际功能
• The interpersonal function refers to the grammatical choices that enable speakers to enact their complex and diverse interpersonal relations.
• 用各种语言手段将语篇中的各个句子连接 成一篇连贯的文章的功能
• 先有大脑的思考和思想
• 然后是把自己大脑中的思考和思想拿出来 与人交流
• 并在与人交流的过程中还要把各种思想按 照一定的事理逻辑组合成一个衔接和连贯 的整体，以达到自己说话的目的
Thank you
Metafunctions of Language
Halliday's Model
12英语2班 王晓珏 仇丹妮 潘冬菊 袁承敏 吴爱婷 尹苗苗
Metafunction 纯理功能
Ideational function 概念功能
InterperBiblioteka onal function 人际功能
Textual function 语篇功能
Ideational function
概念功能
• The ideational function is language concerned with building and maintaining a theory of experience. It includes the experiential function （经 验功能）and the logical function（逻辑 功能）.
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Fuຫໍສະໝຸດ ctions of language
Team member:
李玮
英语语言学function of language
different views on function of language
Jakobson
Halliday
our group
英语语言学function of language
Jakobson’s view
anguage is above all, as any semiotic system, for communication. We study language as a science so we mention its function according to a principle. Here the function is not the social function only.
英语语言学function of language
Ideational metafunction
The ideational function is language concerned with building and maintaining a theory of experience. It includes the experiential function and the logical function.
英语语言学function of language
Referential: to convey message and information Poetic: to indulge in language for its own sake Emotive: to express attitudes, feelings and
words and meanings. eg.We say make is a verb and he is a pronoun.
英语语言学function of language
Functions of language
Context referential
Addresser Emotive e.g. intonation showing anger
Six primary factors of any speech event: speaker, addressee, context, message, code, contact.
Jakobson’s well-known framework of language functions based on the six key elements of communication:
2.语言是社会人的有意义的活动，是做事的手段，是动作，因此它的功能 之一必须是反映人与人间的关系。这个纯理功能称为“人际” （interpersonal）功能。
Halliday’s view
From early on in his account of language, Halliday has argued that it is inherently functional. His early papers on the grammar of English make reference to the "functional components" of language, as "generalized uses of language, which, since they seem to determine the nature of the language system, require to be incorporated into our account of that system." Halliday argues that this functional organization of language "determines the form taken by grammatical structure".
Message Poetic
e.g. poetry
Addressee Conative e.g. Imperatives and vocatives
Contact Phatic Hello, did you hear me?
Code Metalingual e.g. Let me make it brief.
1.语言是对存在于主客观世界的过程和事物的反映，这是“经验” （experiential）功能，或者说关于所说的“内容”的功能。在语 言中还有“逻辑（logical）功能，即以表现为并列关系和从属关 系的线性的循环结构的形式出现，由于两者都是建立于说话人对 外部世界和内心世界的经验，与其功能相比较是中性的，因而可 统称为“概念”（ideational）功能。
英语语言学function of language
指示功能（传达信息） 诗学功能（完全就语言而语言)， 感情功能（表达态度、感觉和感情） ，意动功能（通过命令和请求去说服 和影响他人）， 交感功能（与他人建立交流） 元语言功能（弄清意图、词语和意义 ）。
英语语言学function of language
emotions
Conative: to persuade and influence others
through commands and entreaties)
Phatic: to establish communion with others Metalingual function: to clear up intentions,
英语语言学function of language
Halliday’s view
Interpersonal metafunction The interpersonal function refers to the grammatical choices that enable speakers to enact their complex and diverse interpersonal relations.
Team member:
李玮
英语语言学function of language
different views on function of language
Jakobson
Halliday
our group
英语语言学function of language
Jakobson’s view
anguage is above all, as any semiotic system, for communication. We study language as a science so we mention its function according to a principle. Here the function is not the social function only.
英语语言学function of language
Ideational metafunction
The ideational function is language concerned with building and maintaining a theory of experience. It includes the experiential function and the logical function.
英语语言学function of language
Referential: to convey message and information Poetic: to indulge in language for its own sake Emotive: to express attitudes, feelings and
words and meanings. eg.We say make is a verb and he is a pronoun.
英语语言学function of language
Functions of language
Context referential
Addresser Emotive e.g. intonation showing anger
Six primary factors of any speech event: speaker, addressee, context, message, code, contact.
Jakobson’s well-known framework of language functions based on the six key elements of communication:
2.语言是社会人的有意义的活动，是做事的手段，是动作，因此它的功能 之一必须是反映人与人间的关系。这个纯理功能称为“人际” （interpersonal）功能。
Halliday’s view
From early on in his account of language, Halliday has argued that it is inherently functional. His early papers on the grammar of English make reference to the "functional components" of language, as "generalized uses of language, which, since they seem to determine the nature of the language system, require to be incorporated into our account of that system." Halliday argues that this functional organization of language "determines the form taken by grammatical structure".
Message Poetic
e.g. poetry
Addressee Conative e.g. Imperatives and vocatives
Contact Phatic Hello, did you hear me?
Code Metalingual e.g. Let me make it brief.
1.语言是对存在于主客观世界的过程和事物的反映，这是“经验” （experiential）功能，或者说关于所说的“内容”的功能。在语 言中还有“逻辑（logical）功能，即以表现为并列关系和从属关 系的线性的循环结构的形式出现，由于两者都是建立于说话人对 外部世界和内心世界的经验，与其功能相比较是中性的，因而可 统称为“概念”（ideational）功能。
英语语言学function of language
指示功能（传达信息） 诗学功能（完全就语言而语言)， 感情功能（表达态度、感觉和感情） ，意动功能（通过命令和请求去说服 和影响他人）， 交感功能（与他人建立交流） 元语言功能（弄清意图、词语和意义 ）。
英语语言学function of language
emotions
Conative: to persuade and influence others
through commands and entreaties)
Phatic: to establish communion with others Metalingual function: to clear up intentions,
英语语言学function of language
Halliday’s view
Interpersonal metafunction The interpersonal function refers to the grammatical choices that enable speakers to enact their complex and diverse interpersonal relations.