非语言行为及文化差异

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非语言行为及文化差异

Nonverbal CommunicationNonverbal communication is an elaborate code that is written nowhere,known by none,and understood by all.Edward Sapir(1935 Sapir(1935)

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objectives? Describe categories and subcategories of nonverbal communication ? Identify the importance of nonverbal communication ? Grasp the functions of nonverbal communication ? Grasp the evolution of nonverbal communication ? Understand the relationship between nonverbal communication and culture ? Develop intercultural skills in nonverbal communication

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ The definitions of nonverbal communication? Nonverbal communication is open to many interpretations ? Definition: nonverbal communication refers to all human communication events that transcend spoken or written words, and these nonverbal events and behaviors can be interpreted through verbal symbols ? Definition: nonverbal communication is defined as all types of communication that take place without words ? Nonverbal communication is an elaborate code that is written nowhere, known by none, and understood by all(Edward Sapir)

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Why is nonverbal communication so important?? Nonverbal communication is present everywhere Impossible to not communicate ,it is a silent language We don’t know what we are saying nonverbally “We must never assu me that we are fully aware of what we communicate to someone else.”(Edward Hall) ? Nonverbal communication usually comes first Initial impression sometimes decides two strangers to interact verbally or not When high degree of uncertainty in the communication situation exists, nonverbal communication is particularly important ? Nonverbal communication is especially likely to be trusted Unconscious and unintentional ,can’t control easily not like words more valid than verbal communication Examples: watch facial expression of poke player; psychiatrists detect their patients by watching their nonverbal behavior

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ Why is nonverbal communication so important?? can lead to misunderstanding, especially verbal messages are missing or limited the story of a photographer in Alaska the language of nonverbal symbols differs from culture to culture ,then cause miscommunication ? is especially important in intercultural communication situations Culture is context for nonverbal communication encounters Nonverbal communication reinforcement clarify the intended meaning when talkers can’t contact verbally easily case illustration: the meaning of feet in intercultural negotiation P165 ? accounts for much of the meaning we derive from conversations outcome of Mehrabian research 93percent of meaning is conveyed nonverbally conservative estimate : 70 percent comes from nonverbal communication its importance varies in different situation: technical presentation versus intimate relationship, job interview, first impressions, expressions of attitudes telephone , e-mail, telecommunication channels, not see social presence

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The functions of nonverbal communication? Complement verbal communication Add to or moderate verbal communication messages ? Contradict: nonverbal communication expose true consciousness ? Substitute: unable to express yourself by speaking; improper to speak ? Regulate: use as turn taking , when speak, who first ,when stop ? Accent or moderate verbal communication ? Repeat ? Discussion imagine some situations you use the above functions of nonverbal communication

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ The Characters of Non-Language? The characters of Non-language ? Non formal rules and stable structure ? Non signs with clear meaning continuation of communication ? some non-language behaviors come from human’s nature

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