选修8Unit1 ALand of Diversity 语法 名词性从句
名词性从句
Unit 1 A land of diversityPeriod3 Grammar—The Noun Clauses编:张璠Teaching materialNSEFC Book 8 —— Unit 1Teaching aimsEnable the students to master the usage of the noun clausesTeaching important pointsHow to enable the students to know the structure and the usage of the noun clauses Teaching difficult pointsHow to help the students to master the usage of the noun clausesTeaching procedures一．在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语从句(Object Clause)、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 和同位语从句(Appositive Clause)Who will win the match is still unknown. （）I want to know what he has told you. （）The fact is that we have lost the game. （）The news that we won the game is exciting. （）二．主语从句：一个句子在复合句中充当主语叫主语从句。
e.g. That the earth is round is true .Whether she will come or not is still a question .What you are doing seems very difficult .When they will start has not been decided yet .1.引导主语从句的连词是不能省略的。
人教版高中英语选修八：Unit 1 A land of diversity语法知识点汇总
人教版高中英语选修八：Unit 1 A land of diversity语法知识点汇总语言要点（模块）Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）1.distinction n. [C,U]差别，区分，卓著（常与between连用）distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的[典例]1)The new rule makes no distinction between the company and its agents.这条新规则对公司和其他代理商同样适用。
2)It is generally acknowledged that she is a writer of distinction. 她是一位公认的优秀作家。
3)It is distinct that we should make a distinction between the primary tasks and routine work in our daily work.很明显，我们在日常工作中要把主要任务和常规工作区分开来。
[重点用法]make/draw a distinction区分开来；区别对待clear/sharp distinction明显的不同It is distinct/clear that …很清楚（= Distinctly/Clearly, ...）[练习]汉译英1)你知道单词substitute和replace的区别吗？Can you between the words substitute and replace?2)It’s difficult for a child to (明辨是非).3)(……是明显的) smoking is harmful to our health.Keys: 1) tell the difference或make a distinction或distinguish2) make a distinction between right and wrong或distinguish right from wrong3) It is distinct/obvious/evident that2.majority n.大多数；大半major adj.&n.&vi较多的，主要的；主修科目；主修(in)，专攻反义词：minority少数(派)；少数民族；未成年(人) minor adj. 较少的，次要的[典例]1) A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
高二英语选修8 u1 a land of diversity Grammar市公开课一等奖市赛课一等
Things are not always as they seem to be．
(4) 主句主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement时, 表语从句应用虚拟语气。即: (should) + v. e.g. My suggestion is that we should have a discussion about this matter instead of just setting it aside.
Africa is decreasing. 据报道非洲野生动物数量正在降低。 ___I_t_i_s_s_a_id__th_a_t______there was a terrible plane
crash this morning. 听说今天早上有一起可怕飞机坠毁事故。
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语法
精 (讲2) if 不能用在句首引导主语从句，这时用 whether; 与or not 搭配表“是否”时，只能 用w__h_e_th_e_r___。 eg: 他是否离开了还未知。 __W__h_e_t_h_e_r_h_e__le_f_t__(o_r__n_o_t)_ is unknown.
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whoever / whatever 功用 whoever, whatever 在主语从句中不含疑问意义。 它引导主语从句, 并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 whoever = anyone who whatever = anything that Whoever breaks the law should be punished. (＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. )
高中英语选修八Unit1AlandofdiversityGrammar课件共27张PPT
I don’t know __w_h_o___ broke the
glass yesterday. 我不知道他长的什么样子。
I have no idea _w__h_a_t__ he looks like.
这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。
他说了谎, 这伤害了我.
主句 … hurt me.
主语从句 He told a lie.只是连接, 不充
说明: 连接词that的作用: __当___从___句__中___的___成___分__
2. What he said hurt me. 主句 他…说h的u话rt伤m害e.了说的我明作. :用连: _接不__词_仅__w连__h_接_a_t_,__ 主语从句 What he said. 还充当从句
总结归纳：
名词性从句在句中要用 陈__述__语序,从句的引导词 必须始终置于从句的 _句__首___
考点2． 时态问题
1. He said that he will go to the
station.
would
2. Our physics teacher once told us
that light __tr_a_v_e_l_s_（ travel ）
3. 何时何地开会还没有决定。
3. When and where the meeting will begin _h_a_s__ (have) not been decided yet.
总结归纳：
单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动 词一般用_单__数__形式。如果是两个 或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓 语动词则用_复__数__形式。由两个或 多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓 语动词用_单__数__形式。
高中英语 Unit 1 A land of diversity Part III Grammar 名词性从句学案新人教版选修8
高中英语 Unit 1 A land of diversity Part III Grammar 名词性从句学案新人教版选修8Land of diversityPart III Grammar名词性从句一、【基础知识】在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词（词组）, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为________从句、_________从句、________从句和___________从句。
一、、名词性从句的引导词1、连接词 that 只起连接作用，没有任何意思，也不充当句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。
如：I hope (that)you enjoy your holiday、That he likes you is very obvious、2、连接词 whether 也不充当句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示“是否”；引导宾语从句时，可换成 if，但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成 if。
He asked whether/if I would show himthe way、 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen、(引导主语从句，不能用 if 代替 whether)【比较】whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。
但在下列情况下，只用whether ，不用if：a、 whether引导主语从句并在句首 b、引导表语从句c、 whether从句作介词宾语 d、从句后有"or not"3、连接代词 who(m), whose, which, what 等，均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。
如：That’s why she wanted to leave、 When we arrive doesnt matter、 Tell me which one you like best、4、连接副词 when, where, why, how，也各自有自己的意义，在从句中作状语。
高中英语 Unit One A land of diversity语法--名词性从句讲练 新人教版选修8
名词性从句讲练名词往往在句中充当主语，宾语，表语和同位语。
在复合句中，代替名词充当主语，宾语，表语和同位语的句子统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为五类：a.连词：that（无任何词意，不作成分，只起连接作用，宾语从句中常可省略）1) My hope is that she will soon be well again. (表语从句)我的希望是她能很快康复。
2) Everybody hopes that she will soon be well again.（宾语从句）大家都希望她能很快康复。
3) That she will soon be well again is our hope.（主语从句）她能很快康复是我们的希望。
b. whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性，不作成分）1) Whether he is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.(主语从句，不能用if)2) I went in and asked if/whether they had a cheap suit.3) I wonder whether/if he will come in such bad weather.c. 连接代词：what, whatever, which, whichever, (在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，指物)1) ____he need is more time.显然，主语从句：he是主语，谓语动词need缺宾语，因此应填what.2) Tell us ___you saw and heard during your visit to that university. 3) This is not ___I want.4) ____some people are against is ___other people are for. 5) The question is which team will win.6) I have two apples, I don’t know which you want.归纳：what一般用于不知道内容或范围的句子；which“哪一个……”一般用于给出内容或范围的句子。
(人教版)高中英语选修八(教学资料,补习资料)：Unit 1 A land of diversity复习名词性从句作主、宾、表
复习名词性从句作主、宾、表概念引入名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，其功能相当于名词。
综观近几年的高考英语试题，名词性从句是必考项之一。
在本单元中，我们将对名词性从句的考点一一剖析。
先看下面句子：1. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.2. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will beno distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.3. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America bymeans of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.4. The fact that they arrived a long time before Europeans is what matters.这些句子中斜体词部分都是名词性从句，句1是why引导的表语从句；句2是that引导的后置的主语从句；句3是that引导的宾语从句，而句4是that引导的同位语从句，而is 后是what引导的表语从句。
本单元我们将复习名词性从句中的主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，而同位语从句的用法将在下一单元复习。
用法讲解考点综述：语序从近几年高考题来看，对名词性从句的考查最重要的两点是：1. 语序2. 连接词的选择。
A land of diversity-语法专题讲解(名词性从句)
名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句的用法一. 主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it。
1.That the earth is round is true.= It is true that the earth is round.2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.= It hasn’t been decided whether he will come.注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略(注:if不可用来引导主语从句）二. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is＋名词＋从句It is a fact that … 事实是…It is an honor t hat …非常荣幸It is common knowledge that…是常识(2) It is＋形容词＋从句(多用should)It is natural that… 很自然…It is strange that… 奇怪的是…(3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句It seems that… 似乎…It happened that… 碰巧…It appears that… 似乎…(4) It is ＋过去分词＋从句It is reported that… 据报道…It has been proved that… 已证实…It is said that… 据说…it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。
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考点一主语从句1．引导主语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether/if连接代词what，who，whom，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how，whenever等。
①That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们真是亲姐妹。
②What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。
2．主语从句一般放在句首，但有时也可用it作形式主语，而将主语从句移到句子的末尾。
常见的句型：(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/uncertain等)＋that从句(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/shame/no wonder/no surprise等)＋that从句(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/reported/decided/believed等)＋that从句(4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen等)＋that从句①It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
②It's no surprise that our team has won the game.我们队获胜一点都不令人吃惊。
③It is decided that the meeting will be put off till next Monday.会议被推迟到下周一召开已经定下来了。
考点二宾语从句1．引导宾语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether，if；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how等；从句用陈述语序。
①(2016·浙江高考)Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study.进入大学的人中，没有人确切知道他们想学什么。
②We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with themovie star.我们许诺，任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
③(2015·北京高考·单项填空)I truly believe that beauty comes from within.我确信美来自内在。
④(2015·重庆高考·单项填空)We must find out when Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.我们必须弄清楚卡尔什么时候来，以便我们可以为他预订房间。
2．it作形式宾语的宾语从句(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。
常见的这类动词有：find，feel，think，consider，believe，guess，suppose，make等。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)动词hate，like，dislike，appreciate，enjoy等表示“喜欢”、“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to，depend on，rely on等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候，我会确保把他照顾好。
考点三表语从句1．引导表语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how 等；从句用陈述语序。
①Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方法来表达的。
②I'd like to start my own business－that's what I'd do if I had the money.我愿意自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。
2．as if/as though引导的表语从句as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在be动词，seem，look，taste，sound，feel，appear等动词之后。
The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.浓雾覆盖着整座城市。
好像把一个巨大的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。
3．because ，why 引导的表语从句because ，why 也可引导表语从句，但because 引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason 或cause(该结构常用that 引导)。
常用于以下句型：⎩⎨⎧This/That is/was why...这/那是……的原因This/That is/was because...这/那是因为……The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……①From space ，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。
这是因为地球表面大约71%被水覆盖。
②The reason why he didn't pass the exam was that he was too careless.他没有通过考试的原因是他太粗心了。
考点四 同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。
1．常见的后跟同位语从句的名词有：advice 建议conclusion 结论 demand 要求 doubt 怀疑fact 事实hope 希望 idea 主意information 信息 message 消息 news 消息order 命令 possibility 可能性 promise 诺言question 问题 request 请求 suggestion 建议 thought 想法 plan 计划①I made a promise to myself that this year ，my first year in high school ，would be different.我对自己承诺：今年，我高中的第一年，会有所不同。
②(2016·天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.经理提出了我们应当有一位助手的建议。
要做的事情太多了。
2．引导同位语从句的连接词有：that，whether，how，where，when，why 等。
①Evidence has been found through years of study that children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.通过多年的研究发现：有证据表明孩子的早期睡眠问题很有可能会随着他们的成长继续下去。
②She asked a question why there was a delay.她问了发生延误的原因。
③I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么时候回家。
[名师点津]在同位语从句中，that，whether不作句子成分。
that无实义，whether意为“是否”，if一般不引导同位语从句。
引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。
[易错警示]引导名词性从句时，that没有词义，在从句中不作任何成分。
当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时，往往选用that；而what引导名词性从句时，意为“什么”或“……的”，在从句中用来作主语、表语或宾语。
核心考点针对练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2017·凉山州二次诊断)The happiest people enjoy each age gives them.2．(2017·常德模拟)Only you know is best for you.3．(2017·山西重点中学协作体二模)My mother knew where we were at all times.She knew our friends were.【导学号：30892197】4．(2017·中原名校模拟)I had no idea of a stage manager actually did.5．(2017·安庆模拟)Experts aren't still sure exactly how dreams work，but what is certain is they are necessary for our mental health and that everyone hasdreams.6．(2017·海淀一模) astonishes us is that AlphaGo defeated the human champion.7．(2017·银川一中一模)They often think that their parents are out of touch with modern ways，they are too serious and too strict with their children，and that they seldom give their children freedom.8．(2017·温州十校联考)When you are reading，make a note of you think is of great importance.9．(2017·瑞安四校联考)His writing is so confusing that it's difficult to make out it is that he is trying to express.10．(2017·艾青中学质检)If you are going to kill the snake，you have to get close to the head is and cut it off.高考题型综合练语法填空A mason(泥瓦匠)working on a Kansas university stadium found 1 88year-old handwritten note，which gives a glimpse into the lives of workers in 1928.The mason found the note in a tobacco can while 2 (replace)stones.It is discovered that the five authors 3 (write)the note on Feb.2，1928，4 (hope)the letter would be found someday in the future，perhaps after they died.The nearly 100-word message explains that masons made $10 per day and other workers made $ 3.20 per day.It also expresses the hope 5 “things will be better”for the working men in the future.The document will be sent to a museum for cleaning and 6 (protect)covering.There aren't plans 7 (display)the document at the moment，but it could 8 (possible)be displayed in the stadium when the project is completed.“It is possible that the note will be either exhibited as the original item 9 it will be digitized and we can put a copy out so the light doesn't cause the letter to fade worse，”Hight said.The project manager of Kansas State，Jeremy Sharp，says that the stadium 10 (build)in 1922，and the eastern wall was constructed in 1928.。