初中英语知识点-形容词副词上课讲义

形容词副词大多数的形容词、副词都有三个等级：原级：比较级：比较...，更...一些最高级：最... （A）1.构成：(规则情况)情况变化方法，例词单音节词和少数双音节词: 一般情况加er, est clever-cleverer-cleverest以字母e结尾加r, st nice-nicer-nicest重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写加er, est big-bigger-biggest以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i加er, est early-earlier-earliest部分双音节和多音节词在词前加more, most slowly-more slowly-most slowly2.不规则变化，须熟记：good/well-better-best many/much-more-most far-farther-farthest bad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least(B)常见的使用情况1.as …as …和...一样（中间用原级）2.not as(so) …as 和...不一样（中间用原级）3…than …. ..比...（用比较级）4.有范围修饰的用最高级如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的eg.⑴Winter is the coldest season of the year.⑵This is the best film that I have ever seen .5.比较级+and+比较级意为“越来越….eg: wetter and wetter more and more beautiful6. The+比较级，the+比较级越…...就越…...eg:The more, the better. 越多越好(C)注意点：1.形容词最高级前一定要用the,副词最高级前可省略。

2.可用much, a little, even, still等修饰比较级。

3.在比较级中为了避免重复，在than后常用one,that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。

eg:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.(D)掌握三种同义句转换：1.He is taller than any other student in his class. =He is the tallest (student)in his class.2.This film is less interesting than that one. =This film isn't as interesting as that one.=That film is more interesting than this one.3.I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English.Which do you like _____, fish, meat _____ eggs? A.best, or B.better,or C.best, and D.better,and此外，关于形容词、副词的内容同学们还须掌握：1.形容词修饰名词作定语，跟在连系动词之后作表语。

2.副词修饰动词、形容词或其它副词enough属例外词：形/副+enough to doenough+名词例如：She is old enough to go to school. 她够上学的年龄了。

3.区别几组易混淆的副词: 也too用于肯定、疑问句also 较为正式书面语either 用于否定句已经already 常用于肯定句、疑问句yet 常用于否定句、疑问句不再no (not any) longer 从时间上讲no (not any) more 从动作上讲如此这样such 修饰名词eg: such a big boxso 修饰形容词、副词eg: so big 单独、独自alone 作表语=by oneself 孤独的lonely 可作表语、定语eg:A group of girls are singing and dancing ______ over there. (happy) 课堂练习1.The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. _ are climbing the hill.A.OthersB. OtherC. AnotherD.The other2.There isn't _____ in today's newspaper.A. important somethingB. important anythingC. anything importantD. nothing important3.-Whose watch is this, Mary? Is it your sister's?-No,Mum. It's not ______. It's ______.A.hers, myB. her, myC. Mine, hersD.hers, mine4..The Changjiang River is the third __ river in the world.A.longB.longerC.longestD.the longest5. An elephant is _____ than a horse.A.more strongB. much strongerC. the most strongD. much more strong6. Which do you like _____, tea, orange or water? A.good B.Well C. Better D. Best课后练习一选择正确的答案1.Which does Jimmy like _______, Chinese or art?A. wellB. bestC. betterD. much2. The Changjiang River is one of ______ in the world.A. the longest riverB. The moreC. the longest riversD. longer river3. ______ of the two women is Mrs Brown.A. The beautifulB. The more beautifulC. More beautifulD. The most beautiful4. My mooncake is nicer _______ his.A. likeB. withC. forD. than5. You are fatter than _______.A. heB. hisC. HimD. he is tall6. He jumps _______ of the three.A. farB. futherC. FarthestD. furthest7. My hair is longer than _______.A. my sisterB. KateC. my brother’sD.Lucys’8. There is ______ paper here. Please bring some.A. littleB. lessC. fewerD. a little9. The pen is ______ than that one.A. more cheapB. cheapC. much cheaperD. quite cheaper10. Tom speaks Chinese _______ better than Jimmy.A. moreB. veryC. a lotD. much11. There are _______ girls in Class 2 than in Class 4.A. moreB. nicestC. mostD. best12. It’s too ______ for you to do that.A. easyB. more dangerousC. HarderD. the easist13. Who has ______ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy?A. muchB. biggestC. betterD. the most14. You have more rulers than me. But ______ are nicer than _______.A. mine, yoursB. mine, yourC. my, yoursD. my, your15. Tingting is ______ than Meimei，but Meimei is ______ than Tingting.A. tall, strongerB. taller, strongestC. tallest, strongD. taller, stronger16. Mother is _______ in my family.A. BusyB. BusierC. the busiestD. more busy17. There are _______ in the park on Sundays.A. more childrenB. a lot of peopleC. much men and womenD. many peoples18. The dumplings are _______ than the noodles, I think.A. more nicerB. much deliciousC. very niceD. much more delicious19. She is _______ than me at drawing.A. BetterB. bestC. goodD. harder20. This blue sweater is too big for me. Will you please show me a ______ one?A. smallB. SmallerC. the smallestD. smallest二．用所给词的适当形式填空1. Your classroom is _______ (wide) and _______ (bright) than ours.2. There are _______ hours of sunlight a day in winter than in summer. (few)3. Which do you like _______, maths or chemistry?(well)4. This is the ______ film I have ever seen. (good)5. Africa is the second _______ continent. (large)6. What he said made his mother much ______. (angry)7. I’m not as _______ as he. (caref ul)8. We’ve got as _______ books as we need.(many)9. They have done ___ (much) work with ____ (little) money.10. Practice as ______ as you can. (much)11. You’re the ______ person I’ve ever seen. (kind)12. He is _____ than his two sisters. (young)13. The _____ (old) I get, the ______ (strong) I seem to feel.14. The weather is getting ____ (warm) and ______ (warm).15. You are far ______ than you were. (polite)16. The patient is no ______ than people. (well)17. Summer is ______ season of the year. (hot)18. I can do it well with even ______ money. (little)三．中考真题测试1. The air in Beijing is getting much ______ now than a few years ago.A. cleanB. cleanerC. cleanestD. the cleanest2. My cousin has changed a lot. She used to be ______ but now she is tall.A. shortB. thinC. prettyD.heavy3. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are ______ than before.A. CheapB. CheaperC. cheapestD. the cheapest4. —We spent all our money because we stayed at the most expensive hotel in town. —Why didn’t you stay at _____ one?A. a cheapB. a cheaperC. the cheapD. the cheaper5. —Do you like western food?— No. The food of our country is ______ that of western countries.A. rather good thanB. much better thanC. more better thanD. not so good as6. This is _____ that all of us believe it’s very important.A. such useful informationB. so useful an informationC. so useful informationD. such a useful information7. — Mum, could I have an MP3— Certainly, we can buy _____ one, but as good as this.A. a cheapB. a cheapestC. a cheaperD. the cheapest8. The harder we work, the ______ result we will get.A. fasterB. fewerC. betterD. the cheapest9. We should keep our eyes ______ while doing eye exercises.A. CloseB. closedC. OpenD. opened10. Look at the man in the right picture. He is ______.A. right-handedB. left-handedC. no handD. a hand11. — Tom is good at drawing. How about Mike?— Mike is ______, I think. He has got more prizes than Tom.A. wellB. OKC. goodD. better12. — Have you bought that digital camera?—No, I can’t afford it. The price is a bit _____.A. nowB. highC. cheapD. expensive13. Now more and more Chinese people are ______ enough to buy cars.A. richB. weakC. poorD. strong14. Kate is really ______. She’s never angry with others.A. tallB. friendlyC. luckyD. clever15. —Which is ______ river in China?— The Changjiang River.A. longerB. the longestC. longestD. the longer副词练习题一、( ) 1 He speaks English___his aunt.A. as good asB. as well asC. as better asD. as best as( ) 2. Which do you like_____, skating, swimming or fishing?A. moreB. mostC. BetterD. best( ) 3 Who sings___, Rose or Kate?A. wellB. GoodC. betterD. best( ) 4 She writes____than I.A. more carefulB. much carefulC. much more carefullyD. much carefully ( ) 5 The night was very _, so he had to take off his shoes _.A. quiet; quietlyB. quite; quicklyC. late; quickD. quite; quietly( ) 6 How ___ the girls are playing!A. happyB. happierC. happylyD. happily二、( ) 1 ___ he drops in ___ his friends after supper.A. Some times; forB. Sometimes; onC. Often; forD. Seldom; on( ) 2 In Britain tea ___ with milk or sugar in it.A. usually drinksB. is usually drunkC. usually is drunkD. drank usually ( ) 3 He____ to school to clean his classroom.A. always comes earlyB. comes always earlyC. always early comesD. come always earlier三、( ) 1 Better___than never.A. lateB. the laterC. LaterD. the late( ) 2 We have been to the China Folk Culture Villages ____.A. LatelyB. LateC. LatestD. last( ) 3 I got up____today.A. LaterB. more latelyC. LatelyD. late四、( ) 1 Today Tom goes to school earlier than___.A. as usualB. usualC. usuallyD. ago( ) 2 Today we do our homework at home ___.A. than usualB. oftenC. usuallyD. as usual( ) 3 Alice___goes to school at seven.A. usualB. UsuallyC. HardD. a little五、( ) 1 It was___ bad weather that we all had to stay inside.A. veryB. soC. ratherD. such( ) 2 He is___ kind an old man that all the children like him.A. veryB. soC. RatherD. such( ) 3 He, our headmaster was___ pleased with our work.A. fairlyB. EvenC. MuchD. great( ) 4 There was a heavy snow last night. This morning is____ outside.A. too rather coldB. rather too coldC. such coldD. fairly cold六、( ) 1 We won't go to the cinema next Saturday. They won't____.A. tooB. alsoC. NeitherD. either( ) 2 She likes reading and___.A. so I doB. I do soC. I like soD. so do I( ) 3 -I won't go to the Great Wall tomorrow.-I won't, ___.A. neitherB. eitherC. tooD. also( ) 4 He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it, ___.A. TooB. EitherC. neitherD. also( ) 5 He didn't know her address, ____ did I.A. tooB. AlsoC. eitherD. neither七、( ) 1 I have never seen ___ big pears.A. suchB. veryC. SoD. rather( ) 2 He is ___ tired that he can't go any farther.A. soB. suchC. veryD. too( ) 3 That maths problem is ___ difficult ___ nobody can work it out.A. too; toB. very; thatC. so; thatD. very; but( ) 4 He is ___ teacher that all of us like him.A. such good aB. a so goodC. so good aD. a such good( ) 5 Jack doesn't work ____ Tom.A. as so goodB. so good asC. so hard asD. so harder as八、( ) 1 I did my homework hours _____.A. beforeB. laterC. agoD. late( ) 2 I saw the film two days ___.A. agoB. beforeC. afterD. late( )3 I seem to have met you___.A. beforeB. agoC. yetD. some time九、( )1 He got back____at four.A. to homeB. at homeC. his homeD. home( ) 2 Come_ quickly. I have something interesting to tell you.A. to hereB. up to hereC. hereD. into here( ) 3 These two young men stood ___ watching the train moving away.A. by thereB. from thereC. ThereD. to there十、( ) 1 Mother said, "Tom, you're seventeen, ____a child. "A. no againB. not longerC. not moreD. no longer( ) 2 "Don't do that___. " the teacher said to Tom.A. no moreB. no longerC. any moreD. some more( ) 3 I don't want to talk with you____.A. yesterdayB. no longerC. any longerD. some longer ( ) 4 They have moved away from Beijing. They don't live there____.A. any longerB. once moreC. eitherD. again十一、( ) 1 My aunt will come back from Beijing ____.A. before longB. long beforeC. after longD. long after( ) 2 She read the book___. And I'll read it___.A. long before; long beforeB. before long; before longC. before long; long beforeD. long before; before long十二、( ) 1 When you do eye-exercise, you must keep your eyes____.A. closeB. closesC. closingD. closed( ) 2 It's a windy day. You'd better____ the windows.A. closeB. closedC. closingD. to close( ) 3 Bruce often ___ his left hand ___.A. keep; closeB. keeps; closedC. keep; closedD. keeps; close ( ) 4 It is very hot. Please keep the door .A. openB. openingC. OpensD. opened十三、( ) 1 The boat is left ___ by the bank of the river.A. AlongB. AloneC. longD. lonely( ) 2 He has a rest___ at home, watching TV.A. AloneB. OneC. alongD. lonely( ) 3 They went out for a walk___ the lake.A. aloneB. alongC. lonelyD. at( ) 4 The wall is two metres____.A. highlyB. widelyC. LongD. along( ) 5 There is a___ island. On it there are many wild beautiful flowers.A. lonelyB. alongC. /D. alone十四、( ) 1 The city is___ than the town away from the river.A. farB. fartherC. so farD. much far( ) 2 Do you need ___ explanation to the question?A. more farB. any furtherC. fartherD. any far( ) 3 I am so tired that I can't walk____.A. much farB. any fartherC. even farD. very further形容词参考答案；一．1. C 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C6. C 三个人或三人以上比较时，用形容词最高级，表示“最远”用farthest, 而further, furthest 多表示抽象意思，“更进一步”等7.C 8. A little, a little修饰不可数名词，little表示否定含义，意为“没多少” a little表示肯定含义，意为“有一点儿” 9. C 10. D11-15AADAD 16-20 CBDAB二．1. wider, brighter 2. fewer 3. better 4. best 5. largest 6. angrier 7. careful 8. many9. more, less 10. much 11. kindest 12. younger 13. older, stronger 14. warmer, warmer 15. politer 16. better 17. the hottest 18. less三．1-5 BABBB 6-10 ACCBB 11-15 DBABB副词答案1. 1-6 B D C C A D2. 1-3 B B A3. 1-3 A A D4. 1-3 B D B5. 1-4 D B A B6. 1-5 D D B A D7. 1-5 A A C C C 8. 1-3 C A A 9. 1-3 D C C10. 1-4 D C C A 11. 1-2 A D 12. 1-4 D A B A13. 1-5 B A B C A 14. 1-3 B B B。