【精准解析】北京市首都师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期开学分班考试英语试卷
【北师大高一上】北京市部分学校高一上学期期中英语试卷汇编：语法填空专题 (解析版)
北京市部分学校2021-2022学年高一上学期期中英语解析版试卷汇编语法填空专题北京市人民大学附属中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the 18th and 19th centuries, most English people____11____ (eat) only two main meals each day. As a result, they often got very hungry during the long break. A Duchess came up with a clever idea to solve this problem. She invited some of her friends to join her for an afternoon meal. It included cakes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food. ____12____ (make) the afternoon meal more important, she used tea sets made from fine china and silver. Afternoon tea parties soon became popular social occasions, ____13____ is a trend that continues today.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On the school basketball team Paul used to be nobody but a replacement____14____ skills were not recognized by the coach.Then during one match, when one player accidentally hurt his knee, Paul____15____ (put) onto the court. Paul knew it was his time____16____ (shine). He gave it his best shot and the other team couldn’t even keep up with him. Finally, Paul helped the team win thematch____17____ two points. The crowd couldn’t stop clapping and cheering.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。
首师大附中2020-2021学年度第一学期高一郊区分校分班考试试题英语
首师大附中2020-2021学年度第一学期高一郊区分校分班考试试题英语首师大附中2020-2021学年度第一学期高一郊区分校分班考试试题英语2020.8一、阅读理解（共32小题，每小题2分，共64分）AIn the short time Steve and Zach had been inside their tent packing their tools,wind-blown flame had skipped from the top of one tree to another.The long dry summer had turned the forest into a tinderbox.“Let’s go!We can make it back to the river we crossed today!”Steve kept Brady on the lead and their heads down against the fire-wind.But Brady barked a sharp warning.Ahead of them lay a thick curtain of smoke across the track.They would never make it through that.The dog was pulling at his lead trying to draw them away from the smoke,and yet Steve was uneasy.It seemed to him that they were moving away from the river.Suddenly,Zach cried.“Zach!”Steve shouted.“Are you OK?Where are you?”Then Brady pulled Steve down a sharp slope(坡).At its base,Zach was rubbing his ankle.As Steve helped his friend to his feet,Brady lifted his head and snuffed(嗅)the smoke-laden wind.Next moment,the dog bounded away and disappeared.The boys shouted for him,but he didn’t come back.Steve couldn’t blame Brady for panicking.He himself wanted to run even though he didn’t have a clue which way.Steve and Zac h hadn’t gone far when there was a familiar bark,and Brady came bounding, stopped directly in front of Steveand hit him with his head,pushing him back toward the slope they’d just climbed.But Steve didn’t get it.Then Brady grabbed the boy’s jeans and star ted pulling.The message was clear,but Steve hesitated.Of course he remembered Brady saving his uncle’s life when the dog was much younger.Was he still sharp enough to get them through this?Nearby,a pine went up in a whoosh of smoke.Brady pulled again,urge ntly.“OK,big guy,”Steve gritted(咬紧牙关).Brady led them back down the slope and into the trees.Not far from them fire was touching underbrush.Several times the big dog stopped.Often he changed directions.Steve was so tired that he just wanted to rest,but Brad y wouldn’t have it.The dog bullied both boys to go on.How long they’d walked Steve had no idea.He was almost numb when he heard it—the wonderful sound of rushing water!1.What happened to Steve and Zach at first?A.They got injured.B.They lost their dog.C.They were trapped.D.They became separated.2.Brady ran away to______.A.seek helpB.find a way outC.rescue ZachD.escape for life3.How did Steve feel after Brady pulled his jeans?A.Uneasy.B.Impatient.C.Numb.D.Uncertain.4.The passage basically describes________.A.an adventureB.an explorationC.an escape gameD.a training programBMost groups of plants and animals are richer in species and more plentiful near the equator.In the ocean,that holds true for cold-blooded predators(掠食者).But warm-blooded predators are more diverse toward the poles and noticeably missing from several warm hot spots.Why?John Grady,an ecologist,and his team considered the possibility—warm-blooded animals need a lot to fuel their metabolism(新陈代谢).Perhaps colder waters are just richer in small fish? But they found that at higher,colder places,there isn’t actually much more food around.It’s more that warm-blooded animals are eating a much bigger share of it than their cold-blooded competitors.The real explanation is simple.An animal’s speed,swiftness,and intelligence depend on its metabolism,which in turn depends on its temperature.Since birds and mammals can keep heating their bodies in icy conditions,they remain fast and attentive.By contrast,the fish they hunt become slower and duller.At some tipping point of temperature,seals,dolphins,and penguins start outswimming their prey(猎物).They become more likely to come upon targets and outpace the cold-blooded predators of their own.In Grady’s words,“Warm-bodied predators are favoured where preys are slow,stupid and cold.”That’s why sharks and other predatory fish dominate near the equator,but colder watersare the kingdom of whales and seals.By keeping food to themselves in the poles,these creatures can then specialize on specific types of prey,which makes them more likely to split into separate species.The killer whales of the North Pacific,for example,include mammal-eating transients and fish-eating,year-round residents.But the world is changing.It’s likely that the surface o f the oceans will warm by2to3℃within this century.Grady’s team estimates that every time the ocean’s surface warms by1℃, populations of sea mammals will fall by12%,and populations of seals and sea lions will fall by 24%.But“predictions are hard,”Donna Hau ser from the University of Alaska Fairbanks notes.“Polar bears are losers of a warming world,but some populations are still doing well.Some groups of whales have changed the timing of their migrations;others are hunting in deeper,colder waters.These changes might make sea mammals more adaptable to changing climates.Maybe they just need to find the places where fish remain slow,stupid and cold.”5.Why are there more types of warm-blooded predators near the poles?A.Because there is more food.B.Because there are fewer enemies.C.Because they are faster and wiser.D.Because they consume less energy.6.The author mentions the killer whales to show______.A.the benefit of biological evolutionB.food preference of different sea mammalsC.the distinction of specific types of predatorsD.the advantage of constant body temperature7.What is Donna Hauser’s attitude towards the future of the sea mammals?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Sceptical.8.Which is the best title for the passage?A.Are the Poles Heaven for Sea Predators?B.How Do Sea Mammals Track Their Prey?C.Why Do the Warm-Blooded Like Food Cold?D.Is the World Too Hot for the Warm-Blooded?CLast fall,I happened to overhear a student telling the others he had decided not to sign up for an introductory philosophy course.The demands of his major,he said seriously,meant he needed to take“practical”courses,and“enlightenment”would simply have to wait.For now, employability was the most important.The students’conversation fits into a larger alarming narrative about the role of the humanities in higher education.In a time of dizzying technological achievement and of rapid scientific innovation,sceptics of the humanities may question the usefulness of studying Aristotle, the Italian Renaissance or Chinese fiction.Actually,I regret not interrupting that student to argue for taking that introductory philosophy course.I would have started by reminding him that,for much of America’s history,college graduates were not considered truly educated unless they had mastered philosophy,literature, political theory and history.The key role of higher education was to invite students into theconversations about matters like what it means to be alive and the definition of justice.Fostering engagement with these subjects is still an essential part of the university’s function in society.I would have also mentioned to the student that he was misinformed about the job market.It is true that many employers are looking for graduates with specialized technical skills,but they also look for other capabilities.As the world is transformed by artificial intelligence,machine learning and automation,the unique human qualities of creativity,imagination and moral reasoning will be the ultimate coin of the realm.All these skills are developed in humanities courses.Further,I would have argued that while a degree anchored in the sciences is an important precondition for many jobs,it is not the only route.Look no further than the founders of companies such as LinkedIn,Slack and Flickr,who are among the many tech businesspersons with degrees in the humanities,and who credit that training for their success.Contrary to the widely held belief that humanities majors have a hard time getting jobs, recent studies show that those with humanities degrees are successful in the workplace, experiencing low rates of unemployment and reporting high levels of job satisfaction.The ratio between average median(中位数)incomes for humanities degree holders and those with business, engineering,and health and medical sciences degrees has been shown to narrow over the course of a career.The case for the humanities can also be understood in less transactional terms and more as a foundational preparation for a life well lived.A humanities education plays a vital role in encouraging citizens to lead an examined life.It fosters criticalthinking,self-reflection,empathy and tolerance,the usefulness of which only becomes more apparent as one navigates life’s challenges.By all means,students should take courses they think practical and follow their interests,but if they also make a point of studying the literature of the Renaissance,or researching into modern poetry,or even taking introductory philosophy,we will all benefit.9.What do the students’conversation show?A.Students feel employment difficult.B.Students think philosophy less important.C.Students find scientific innovation amazing.D.Students consider university courses unsatisfying.10.What does the underlined part in Paragraph4probably mean?A.Highly valued.B.Equally applied.C.Strictly assessed.D.Greatly improved.11.The author may agree that humanities_____.A.discover students’artistic abilityB.prepare students for graduationC.raise awareness of social statusD.provide great insights into life12.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?A BC DI:Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionDFlying HighBarrington Irving made his historic flight and founded an educational non-profit-making organization.His message for kids:“The only thing that separates you from scientists is determination,hard work and a strong liking for what you want to achieve.”The secret,he believes,is having a dream in the first place,and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers.The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of15in his parents’bookstore.One customer,a professional pilot,asked Irving if he’d thought about becoming a pilot.“I told him I didn’t think I was smart enough;but the next day he took me to the cockpit(驾驶舱)of the commercial airplane he flew,and just like that I was hooked.”To follow his dream,Irving turned down a football scholarshipto the University of Florida. He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising at home on a$40flight simulator(模拟)video game.Then another dream took hold:flying alone around the world.He faced more than50rejections for sponsorship before convincing some companies to donate aircraft components.He took off with no weather radar,no de-icing system, and just$30in his pocket.“I like to do things people say I can’t do.”After97days,26stops and dozens of thunderstorms,he touched down to a cheering crowd in Miami.“It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience.”Irving has been doing it ever since.He set up his non-profit-making organization,Experience Aviation(航空),aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and science-related careers.Kids attend programmes dealing with hands-on robotics projects and flight simulator challenges.“We want to create chances for students to accomplish something amazing,”he notes. Perhaps Irving’s most powerful educational tool is the example his own life provides.After landing his record-breaking flight at age23,he said,“Everyone told me I was too young,that I didn’t have enough experience,strength,or knowledge.They told me it would take forever and I’d never come home.Well...guess what?”13.According to Irving,what is the most important in achieving success?A.Meeting people who provide unexpected help.B.Getting a chance to study technical knowledge.C.Having something specific that you want to accomplish.D.Developing communication with different organizations.14.What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that______.A.he felt embarrassed to refuse the offerB.he was doubtful about his own abilitiesC.he knew his efforts would be rewardedD.he realized immediately how lucky he was15.What can we learn about Irving in Paragraph3?A.He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible.B.He was finally given enough money to keep going.C.He got the most useful flying tips from his video game.D.He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly.16.Irving set up his non-profit-making organization because______.A.he hoped to become a public figureB.he expected to start a business in other fieldsC.he saw there was great interest in what he was doingD.he thought he could teach more than flight schools couldETraining the BrainPeople who can accomplish unbelievable tasks,such as memorizing thousands of random numbers in under an hour,state that they just have normal brains.Some memory superstars compete in Olympic-like World Memory Championships.These mental athletes,or MAs for short, can memorize names of dozens of strangers in a few minutes or any poem handed them.Ed Cooke, a24-year-old MA,explains they see themselves as participants rescuing the long-lost art of memory training.These techniques existed not to recall useless information,but to cut into the brain basic text and ideas.A study in the journal Nature examined eight people whofinished near the top of the World Memory Championships.The scientists examined whether their brains were fundamentally different from everyone else’s or whether they were simply making better use of memorizing abilities we all possess.They put the MAs and control subjects into brain scanners and had them memorize numbers and photographs.The result surprised everyone.The brains of the MAs and those of the control subjects were indistinguishable.On every test,the MAs scored in the normal range.However,when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory activity,they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved in spatial memory.MAs offer an explanation:anything can be fixed upon our memories and kept in order by constructing a building in the imagination and filling it with pictures of what needs to be recalled. Dating back to the fifth century,the building is called a memory palace.Even as late as the fourteenth century,when there were copies of any text,scholars needed to remember what was read to them.Reading to remember requires a different technique than speed reading.If something is made memorable,it has to be repeated.Until relatively recently,people read only a few books intensively(细致地)again and again,usually aloud.Today we read extensively,usually only once and without continuous focus.So the great difference is the ability to create impressive pictures in mind and to do it quickly. Using memory palaces,MAs create memorized pictures.For example,recombine the pictures to form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town.One competitor used his own body parts to help him memorize a57,000-word dictionary.Anyone who wishes to train the mind needs first to createfantastical palaces in the imagination.Then they should cut each building into cubbyholes for memories.In a short amount of time,they will notice improvement with remembering things.To keep the skill sharp,MAs deliberately empty their palaces after competitions,so they can reuse them and they recommend that beginners do the same.17.We can learn from Paragraph2that a mental athlete______.A.owns a brain that is larger in sizeB.shows a gift in mental ability testses the memorizing technique betterD.depends less on the areas that control spatial memory18.Why does the author mention“speed reading”in Paragraph3?A.To discuss the memorizing technique in the fifth century.B.To give the reason why people read only a few books carefully.C.To explain the text fourteenth century scholars had to remember.D.To compare the type of reading nowadays with that of earlier times.19.What can be inferred from Paragraph4?A.There is a variety of unforgettable scenes.B.Memory palaces can be quickly forgotten.C.Impressive pictures are in actual buildings.D.One person probably has57,000body parts.20.What does the underlined word“cubbyholes”in the last paragraph probably mean?A.Small spaces.B.Blacks holes.C.Technical skills.D.Different numbers.FEarly or Later Day CareMany young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care, and there have always been different views on this subject.The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive“attachment”period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life.Some peopl e have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it causes,and many people do believe this.According to Bowlby,a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents.If they are left without touch for a while,they will have a higher stress level.Parents’influence on their children’s well-being may never be greater than during the earliest years of life,when a child’s br ain is developing rapidly and when nearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment.However,there are critics.Some anthropologists(人类学家)point out that the love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone.Plato,around394B.C.,argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society.Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are moreevenly distributed among a broader group of people.Besides,studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development.They learn the benefits of being socially smart,understanding the concept of sharing and caring.They promote concentration skills,which is very important in their learning.There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples.Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it.But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects.The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness15or20years later can only be explored by the use of statistics.Whatever the long-term effects,parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with.Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness.At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery.The matter,then,is far from being clearly known,though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children.21.The passage mainly argues whether______.A.children over three will accept school educationB.children under three should be sent to nursery schoolsC.the family relationship is different in traditional societiesD.early day care should be totally replaced in modern societies22.Which of the following supports Bowlby’s theory?A.Early day care wouldn’t be so popular if it had negative effects.B.Separation from parents for young children is common in history.C.Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with.D.Studies show early day care has a positive effect on children’s development.23.The author’s attitude towards early day care is that______.A.children under three should stay with their parentsB.it has potential benefits for both children and parentsC.the bad effect of it on children will disappear as they grow upD.it is controversial and the settlement calls for the use of statistics24.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?A. B.C. D.I:Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionGDear Dad,You are a person I do not know and would probably not recognize as I only saw an old photo of you a long time ago.I think and wonder about you often,especially when I have no oneto talk to about the Saturday fixtures(体育活动).One day when I grow up I will do an Internet search to find you,but I am not sure whether I will be successful as several attempts by the Child Support Agency have not been successful.Happy Father’s Day,Dad.Love,Andrew25.What did Miss Dalrymple ask her students to do?A.Hand out the paper and art materials.B.Make a special card for their fathers.C.Make a celebration plan for Father’s Day.D.Carry out a school activity on the weekend.26.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph2indicate?A.The students were not willing to finish the task.B.The students were eager to carry out the activity.C.The students didn’t get along well with each other.D.The students’family conditions were quite different.27.Why did Andrew have difficulty in making a special card for his father?A.Because he had never seen his father.B.Because his father was not a successful man.C.Because he forgot all the things his father did.D.Because he and his grandma didn’t like his father.28.What can we learn from Andrew’s letter?A.Andrew’s father has been dead.B.Andrew’s father can’t recognize him.C.Andrew is eager to meet his father.D.Andrew is sure of finding his father.HIf you analyze people’s actions,you will come to theconclusion that they all seek happiness. Every act is in fact a search for it,even if on the surface it doesn’t look so.Happiness is always the main target.Going to the movies,eating in a restaurant and going to a party are all motivated by the desire to be happy.Who does not dream of a vacation in some fascinating locations,a new car,a new house,or the ideal match?All people daydream,and some even try to make their dream a reality.And why is that?In order to be happy!Many people endanger themselves by climbing steep mountains,entering unexplored caves, or diving into the deep of the ocean in order to enjoy the few moments of happiness.A thief may steal because he loves the thrill of danger,or because he desires to have quick money to spend.He is actually looking for happiness,though in a perverted way.Of course not all actions end in happiness.The motive is happiness,but the results do not always bring the desire.According to some spiritual traditions,we are spiritual beings in physical bodies.The spiritual part is always happy.Rather,it is happiness itself.But the physical body covers this happiness essence(本质).There is a constant desire to find out this happiness.This isthe reason why happiness is constantly sought.However,there is no need to search for happiness or to create it,or to have all kinds of outer experiences and actions in order to feel it.On the contrary,everything has to be dropped in order to experience it.Every technique,which helps to relax the mind and calm the rush of thoughts will lead to happiness.29.From the first two paragraphs,we can learn that________.A.happiness is a daydreamB.it is very hard to analyze people’s actionsC.many things people do are to attain happinessD.one should act carefully so as not to show his purpose30.The underlined word“perverted”in Paragraph3most likely means______.A.illegalB.unfairC.cautiousD.difficult31.According to the author,why do people seek happiness all the time?A.All actions don’t result in the expected happiness.B.There is little awareness of the nature of happiness.C.One’s physical body is controlled by his spiritual part.D.People are so greedy that it’s hard to satisfy their desires.32.What is the author’s attitude towards seeking happiness?A.Objective.B.Favourable.C.Doubtful.D.Disapproving.二、语法填空（共20小题，共40分）AOn the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I 33（voice）my biggest concern to my mother.＂How will I make friends?＂She handed me advice.＂Be yourself.＂For the past20years.I have lived by these words.Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world.Nervously34（face）challenges,I know I will whisper to35（I）the two simple words＂Be yourself＂.BEarth Day,36（mark）on22April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.First celebrated371970,the Day now includes events in more than190countries and regions（地区）.No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various38（activity）on Earth Day.You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save power—the possibilities are endless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question39（suggest）that,for most students,it doesn’t.What students do at college seems to matter much more than40they go.The students benefitting most from college are those41are totally engaged（参与）in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources （资源）.Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 42（meaning）college experience.DThe polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of88°,there is evidence43they range all the wa y across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a globalpopulation of polar bears as much of the range has been44(poor)studied;however, biologists calculate that there are about20,000-25,000polar bears worldwide.Modem methods45tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive46(perform)consistently over a large area.In recentyears some Inuit people in Nunayut47(report)increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a48(believe)that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by49(note)that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集)around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉)that populations are50(high)than they actually are.Of51nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six52 (be)stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.三、完型填空（共20题，共30分）A Welcome GiftDario and his mother loved their new apartment．The living room was large enough for their piano．That night，the two of them（53）side by side at the piano．They played jazz music to celebrate their new home．The loud（54）filled the room and made them feel very happy．The next morning，（55），their happiness disappeared．Someone had left a（56）under their door during the night．One of their neighbor had written to complain（抱怨）about the sound of the piano．Dario's mother asked the building superintendent（管理员）if he knew anything about it．But he said that they were all（57）people and he couldn't imagine any of them had done that．Later that morning，Dario suggested that they write a letter to their（58）and apologize for their playing．"Maybe we could go and（59）everyone in person．"his mother said．"What if we invited them to come here for a（60）instead？Dario asked．They both loved the（61）．Over the next few days，they sent out invitations and prepared desserts（62）their。
2020-2021学年北京市首都师范大学附属中学高一上学期开学分班考试数学试题(解析版)
A． y x 1和 y x2 1 x 1
B． y x0 和 y 1 x R
C． y = x2 和 y x 12
D． y (
x)2 和 y
x
(
x x )2
【答案】D 【解析】根据函数的定义域和解析式是否相同判断. 【详解】
A. y x 1的定义域为 R， y x2 1 的定义域为x | x 1 ，故错误；
7．设 M 2a(a 2) 7 ， N (a 2)(a 3) ，则 M 与 N 的大小关系是（ ）
A． M N
B． M N
C． M N
D． M N
【答案】A
【解析】利用作差法求解出 M N 的结果，将所求结果与 0 作比较，然后可得 M , N 的
大小关系.
【详解】
因为
M
N
2a a
6
【点睛】 本题考查函数的最值的求法，注意运用单调性，考查运算能力，属于基础题．
14．已知 f (x) 为一次函数，且 f [ f (x)] 4x 3, 则 f (1) 的值为（）
A．0
B．1
C．2
D．3
【答案】B
【解析】设 f (x) kx b ，代入 f [ f (x)] 4x 3, 得到 f (x) 2x 1或
2020-2021 学年北京市首都师范大学附属中学高一上学期开 学分班考试数学试题
一、单选题
1．已知全集U 0,1, 2,3, 4, M 0,1, 2, N 2,3 则 CU M N ( )
A．2
B．3
C．2,3, 4
D．0,1, 2,3, 4
【答案】B 【解析】先求 M 的补集，再与 N 求交集． 【详解】 ∵全集 U＝{0，1，2，3，4}，M＝{0，1，2}， ∴∁UM＝{3，4}． ∵N＝{2，3}， ∴（∁UM）∩N＝{3}． 故选 B． 【点睛】 本题考查了交、并、补集的混合运算，是基础题．
北京市首都师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高二上学期开学考试化学试题含答案
A．N2、H2、NH3 在容器中共存 B．v 正（N2）＝3v 逆（H2） C．混合气体的总物质的量不再发生变化
D．单位时间内生成 n mol N2，同时生成 3n mol H2 11．下列属于对环境不产生污染的二次能源的是
A．煤炭
B．核能
C．风能
D．氢能
12．碘在不同状态下(固态或气态)与氢气反应的热化学方程式如下所示：
C．能使酚酞变红的溶液中： Na、Cl、SiO32、NO3
D． c(OH- )=1mol/L 溶液中： K、Na、HCO3、AlO2
5．人类的生命健康与化学息息相关。下列说法正确的是 A．油脂是人体不可缺少的营养物质 B．淀粉没有甜味，糖尿病患者多食无碍 C．重金属盐溶液能使蛋白质盐析，会使人中毒 D．纤维素在人体内能水解为葡萄糖，为人体提供营养 6．下列叙述中，正确的是（ ） A．钢铁腐蚀的负极反应为：Fe - 3e- = Fe3+ B．Cu-Zn 及 H2SO4 溶液构成的原电池中负极材料为 Cu C．无隔膜电解饱和 NaCl 溶液所得产物之一是“84”消毒液中的有效成分 D．H2-O2 燃料电池中电解液为 H2SO4，则正极反应式为：O2 + 4e- = 2O27．《厉害了，我的国》展示了中国在航空、深海、交通、互联网等方面取得 的举世瞩目的成就，它们与化学有着密切联系。下列说法正确的是（ ）
18．下列物质的实验室制取、检验及分离方法不合理的是（夹持装置已略去， 气密性已检验）。
A．
制取并检验氨气
B．
制取并检验 SO2 气体
C．
制取并提纯乙酸乙酯
D．
制取并检验乙炔
19．无机非金属材料在信息科学、航空航天、建筑及能源等领域中得到广泛 应用。下列无机非金属材料不属于含硅材料的是( )
北京市海淀区首都师范大学附属中学2020-2022学年高二上学期开学考试语文试题及答案(逐题解析)
北京市海淀区首都师范大学附属中学2020-2022学年高二上学期开学考试语文试题及答案（逐题解析）人教版高二北京首师大附中2020-2022学年度第一学期开学考试高二语文2020.9一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成各题。
材料一共享经济有助于深化我国供给侧结构性改革。
在过去产业模式更新滞后的阶段，经济增速下降，出现了供给失衡的情况：一方面市场提供的产品不符合人们的需求；另一方面部分行业存在产能过剩问题，库存得不到及时有效的解决。
这一状况的解决即供给侧结构性改革。
供给侧结构性改革的目标是优化产能，注重需求方的需求，提升合理的供给能力。
共享经济的出现带动了资源的再分配，使部分资源得以重新组合；衍生出新的商业模式。
共享经济的参与成本低，平台参与度、发展迅速，对传统商业市场造成了冲击，削弱了传统商业模式的竞争力。
以滴滴快车与出租车相比为例，滴滴快车的司机税收政策不明确、收费低、接单多。
而传统的出租车因为投入多、运营成本高，打车费用高而逐渐失去市场占有力。
这自然会引起传统出租车司机和出租车公司的不满，出租车司机抵制“专车”司机的情况屡见不鲜。
共享经济是近年来出现的新的经济模式，我国还未对共享经济颁布明确的责任追究、税收监管等相关的法律法规。
目前，共享经济大都是通过网络手段来进行认证，资质认证门槛较低，交易平台很难提供足够安全的保障，一旦出现问题，现有的法律法规很难厘清真正的责任人。
（摘编自《共享经济的发展现状及治理对策》，《国家治理》37期）材料二2012—中国互联网共享经济行业规模及增长率预测中国网民使用共享经济产品情况调查（摘编自《2018—中国共享经济行业全景研究报告》）材料三在行业成熟度比较高的共享模式中，一些现象偏离了“通过激活社会存量资源来创新经济发展”的初衷。
名曰共享经济，其实是资本市场的包装，往往多于盈利模式的创新；个性化服务的提升，也可能多于社会公共成本的节省。
北京市首都师范大学附属中学朝阳学校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试化学试题(含解析)
北京市朝阳区首都师范大学附属中学朝阳学校2024-2025学年度高三年级第一学期9月统考化学试卷（考试时间：70分钟 满分：100分）班级：姓名：考号：考生须知1．本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时长70分钟。
2．在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名、考号。
3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B 铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
一、选择题本部分共14题，每题3分，共42分。
在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
1．（3分）书法是中华文化之瑰宝，“无色而具画图的灿烂，无声而有音乐的和谐”，书法之美尽在笔墨纸砚之间。
下列关于传统文房四宝的相关说法正确的是（ ）A ．墨汁是一种水溶液B ．宣纸是合成高分子材料C ．砚石的成分与水晶相同D ．制笔用的狼毫主要成分是蛋白质2．（3分）下列化学用语或模型正确的是（）A ．的电子式：B ．的空间结构：C ．的结构示意图：D ．的空间填充模型3．（3分）下列说法不正确的是（）A ．通过X 射线衍射可测定青蒿素晶体的结构B ．利用盐析的方法可将蛋白质从溶液中分离C ．苯酚与甲醛通过加聚反应得到酚醛树脂D ．可用新制氢氧化铜悬浊液鉴别苯、乙醛和醋酸溶液4．（3分）为阿伏加德罗常数的值。
下列叙述正确的是（）A ．0.50mol分子中共价键的数目为2B ．标准状况下，2.24L 中电子的数目为4.002CO :O:C :O :4P 3Al3CH CHO A N AN 3SO ANC ．pH=2的溶液中的数目为0.02D ．常温常压下，28g CO 和的混合气体原子数目为25．（3分）2022年诺贝尔化学奖授予研究“点击化学”的科学家。
如图所示化合物是“点击化学”研究中的常用分子。
关于该化合物，说法不正确的是（）A ．能发生加成反应B ．最多能与等物质的量的NaOH 反应C ．能使溴水和酸性溶液褪色D ．能与氨基酸和蛋白质中的氨基反应6．（3分）下列反应的离子方程式正确的是（）A ．碘化亚铁溶液与等物质的量的氯气：B ．向次氯酸钙溶液通入足量二氧化碳：C ．铜与稀硝酸：D ．向硫化钠溶液通入足量二氧化硫：7．（3分）化学烫发巧妙利用了头发中蛋白质发生化学反应实现对头发的“定型”，其变化过程示意图如图。
【精准解析】北京市首都师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期开学分班考试物理试卷
首师大附中2020-2021学年度第一学期高一入学考试试题物理2020.8一、本题共13小题，每小题3分，共39分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。
把答案用2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡上。
1. 下列物理量中属于标量的是（ ） A. 时间 B. 位移C. 速度D. 加速度【答案】A 【解析】【详解】A ．时间是只有大小，没有方向的标量，故A 正确；BCD ．位移、速度、加速度都是既有大小，又有方向的矢量，故BCD 错误。
故选A 。
2. 如图所示，甲同学从操场上A 点出发，先向东走了一段距离到达B 点，然后又向北走了一段距离到达C 点；乙同学从A 点出发沿直线到达C 点．甲、乙两位同学的（ ）A. 路程相同，位移相同B. 路程相同，位移不同 C 路程不同，位移相同 D. 路程不同，位移不同 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】甲同学从A 出发，经过B 点到达C 点，路程等于AB 段长度与BC 段长度之和，位移等于AC 段长度，方向从A 指向C ；乙同学的路程与位移均等于AC 段长度，方向从A 指向C ，故C 正确，ABD 错误。
3. 如图所示，力F 1、F 2是两个相互垂直共点力，其中13N F =，24N F =。
则F 1、F 2的合力大小为A. 1NB. 2NC. 5ND. 7N【答案】C 【解析】【详解】根据力的平行四边形定则，可知质点所受F 1和F 2的合力大小为：222212=345N F F F +=+=合故C 正确，ABD 错误； 故选C 。
4. 将实验和逻辑推理（包括数学演算）和谐地结合起来，从而发展了人类的科学思维方式和科学研究方法的科学家是： A. 笛卡尔 B. 牛顿C. 伽利略D. 亚里士多德 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】将实验和逻辑推理（包括数学演算）和谐地结合起来，从而发展了人类的科学思维方式和科学研究方法的科学家是伽利略，故选项B 正确，选项ACD 错误．【点睛】本题考查物理学史，是常识性问题，对于物理学上重大发现、发明、著名理论要加强记忆，这也是考试内容之一．5. 如图所示，电灯吊在天花板上。
2022-2023学年北京市首都师范大学附属中学高一上学期10月月考数学试卷带讲解
9.命题" "的否定是___________.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】根据存在量词命题的否定形式书写即可.
【详解】 存在量词命题的否定是全称量词命题， “ ”的否定是
“ .”
故答案 ：“ .”
10.关于 的不等式 的解集是___________.
高一适应性练习数学试卷（创新求实部）
2022.10
一､选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的一项
1.设集合 ，则 （）
A. B. C. D.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】根据集合的交集的运算即可求得答案.
【详解】由已知集合 得: ,
故选：B
2.已知 ，则 的大小关系是（）
对于③，取 ， ， ， ，但 ，故③错误；
对于④，若A具有性质P，且 ，假设 也具有性质P，
设 ，在 中任取一个 ，此时可证得 ，否则若 ，由于 也具有性质P，则 ，与 矛盾，故 ，
由于A具有性质P， 也具有性质P，所以 ，
而 ，这与 矛盾，
故当 且A具有性质P时，则 不具有性质P，
同理当 时，也可以类似推出矛盾，故④正确.
【详解】根据条件：A的元素个数不是A中的元素，B的元素个数不是B中的元素
1、当集合A只有一个元素时，集合B中有5个元素， 且 ，此时仅有一种结果 ， ；
2、当集合A有两个元素时，集合B中有4个元素， 且 ，此时集合A中必有一个元素为4，集合B中必有一个元素为2，故有如下可能结果：（1） ， ；（2） ， ；（3） ， ；（4） ， ．共计4种可能．
故选：A
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2020年北京市首师大附中2020级高一新生入学分班考试试题注意事项：1.请在试卷和答题卡上写清学校、姓名、考号等个人信息2.请将答案全部作答在答题卡上，考试结束后，将答题卡与试卷、草稿纸全部收回3.在答题卡中选择题用2B铅笔作答，画图题用2B铅笔作答，其余非选择题全用0.5mm黑色碳素笔作答，否则答题无效一、阅读理解（共15小题，每题2分，共30分）AHere are some Chinatowns for those outside of China wishing to celebrate the Chinese New Year.LondonAlthough it may not be as large or as long-built as others,having only become a center for the Chinese community during the1950s,London’s Chinatown is perfectly formed little firework(烟花) that knows how to see in the year with a bang.Decorated(装饰)with red lanterns,previous years have seen shows with acrobatics,martial arts,dance and opera nearby.San FranciscoSan Francisco’s Chinatown is perhaps the most famous in the USA.The city was the main entry-point for Chinese who had crossed the Pacific to the USA during the early19th century. Between the Grant Avenue and the Stockton Street,this historic area is a local treasure,attracting more visitors per year than the Golden Gate Bridge.BangkokWith an about100-year-old history,the Thai capital’s Chinatown contains complex streets offering all kinds of tasty food,clothes,and toys.Sunday market days are such a good time to get the full atmosphere of the neighborhood.The area is also famous for its gold dealers,and there are lots of gold shops along the road.MauritiusFound in Port Louis,this Mauritian Chinatown shows the island nation’s rich multicultural diversity.Built in the early years of the20th century by settlers from China,its tiny shops andrestaurants serve locals and visitors.During the Chinese Spring Festival,the most exciting sight is the Dragon Dances on Rue Royale when Chinese musicians and dancers perform the traditional lion dances through the streets.1.Which of the following has the longest history?A.London’s Chinatown.B.San Francisco’s Chinatown.C.Mauritius’s Chinatown.D.Bangkok’s Chinatown.2.What’s special about Bangkok’s Chinatown?A.It is crowded with Chinese restaurants.B.It is the major entrance for the Chinese.C.It is well-known for its gold business.D.You can enjoy fireworks there.3.If you want to enjoy the Dragon Dances,you can go to________.A.Rue Royale in Port Louis,MauritiusB.the Sunday market in BangkokC.the Grant Avenue in San FranciscoD.the Chinese community in London【答案】1.B 2.C 3.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。
主要介绍了四个外国城市的唐人街为庆祝中国新年所做的一些准备活动。
【1题详解】推理判断题。
根据文章第三段的句子"San Francisco's Chinatown is perhaps the most famous in the United States．The city was the main entry-point for Chinese who had crossed the Pacific to the USA during the early19th century．"London......during the1950s伦敦的唐人街开始在20世纪50年代,Bangkok With an about100-year-old history曼谷的唐人街有百年历史,Mauritius...... Established in the early years of the20th century by settlers from China,毛里求斯的唐人街20世纪开始和其它地方的时间作比较，可知，旧金山的唐人街历史最悠久，开始在19世纪早期，故选B。
【2题详解】细节理解题。
根据文章第四段的句子"The area is also known for its gold dealers，whose shops line the road."该地区还以沿路的黄金交易商而闻名。
由此可知，曼谷的唐人街以黄金生意出名，故选C。
【3题详解】细节理解题。
根据文章最后一段的句子"During the Chinese Spring Festival，the most exciting sight is the Dragon Dances on Rue Royale when Chinese musicians and dancers perform the traditional Lion dances through the streets."在中国春节期间，最令人兴奋的景象是皇家街的舞龙，中国的音乐家和舞者表演传统的舞狮穿过街道。
由此可知，如果你想欣赏舞龙，你可以去毛里求斯的Rue Royale in Port Louis，故选A。
BTwenty-five young musicians from around the world have come to California to train and perform this month.They will take part in an international program called iPalpiti.The name comes from the Italian word for heartbeats.Eduard Schmieder is the program's conductor and musical director,Schmieder and his wife started the program in1997with help from violinist and conductor Yehudi Menuhin.This year,the musicians come from19countries,including Azerbaijan,Kazakhstan,Israel and Italy.Schmieder notes some of the musicians are from countries that are at war with each other.And they are sitting next to each other,and they become friends,He says through their music and friendship,they are making the world more peaceful.The musicians taking part in the program range in age from their late teens to their30s.Schmieder said they include winners of major music competitions.Peter Rainer is a violin player from Germany.He serves as concertmaster,the link between the musicians and conductor. "lt’s so great that you have so many sensitive musicians.They all are very alert and awake and listen to each other and it's a lot of fun."Turkish viola player Can Sakul says the international group works we’ll together."The experience is a cultural as well as a musical exchange,"said Russian violinist SemyonPromoe."Everyone has their own opinion of music,how to play every composition.It's very interesting to interact with everybody,to play together and to create one opinion for everybody."This year,the festival focuses on music from the1600s to the1900s.But cello player Franciaco Vila of Ecuador said the music has no geographic boundaries Vila added that the musicians get to know more about each other as they perform great music."It's interesting to see where we intersect(交集)how many things we have in common.And also the music world is quite small,so you're only one person away from knowing everyone else" Can Sakul said the musicians who have taken part in the training and festival make up a big family.He added that he is proud to be a part of it.4.When was the program founded?A.This month.B.From1600sC.From late teens.D.In1997.5.Mentioning that"Some musicians are from countries that are at war with each other.", Schmieder intends to present that.A.musicians continue to fight in competitionsB.music makes the world more harmoniousC.musicians are from different countriesD.the world is not peaceful6.What does the underlined word"sensitive’'probably mean?A.Flexible.B.Artificial.C.Brilliant.D.Energetic.7.What is the best title for the text?A.Musicians have much in common.B.A national music program.C.Music has no geographic boundaries.D.Music competitions at war.【答案】4.D 5.B 6.C7.C【解析】【分析】本文讲述了音乐人Schmieder创建了一个由各国不同年龄的音乐家组成的团队，他们在一起合作交流，他们希望通过他们的音乐和友谊使世界更和平。