第3套 试卷 答案 (4)
企业战略管理-第3套试卷及答案-2020南财
在线考试企业战略管理第三套试卷总分：100 考试时间：100分钟一、单项选择题1、SPACE 矩阵中哪个象限不适合采取市场渗透、市场开发的战略（ ）A 、进取象限B 、进取象限C 、防御象限D 、竞争象限2、战略评价的方法分为两类（ ）A 、定性和定量方法B 、直觉与数学方法C 、德尔菲技术和时间序列分析法 D 、专家决策和回归分析方法3、在IE 矩阵分析法中，如果经营单位落入到了第Ⅴ象限，适合采取下列哪些战略（ ）A 、收获型和一体化战略B 、市场渗透和一体化战略C 、市场渗透和产品开发 D 、产品开发和收获型战略4、在GS 矩阵分析法中，以（ ）作为评价的依据A 、产业优势和市场增长B 、竞争地位和环境优势C 、市场增长和环境优势 D 、竞争地位和市场增长5、下列哪些矩阵的分析方法不属于战略制定框架的匹配阶段（ ）A 、BCG 矩阵B 、P/MEP 矩阵C 、QSPM 矩阵D 、GS 矩阵6、定量战略计划矩阵（QSPM ）分析的结果是（ ）A 、反映生产方式的最优程度B 、反映战略的最优程度C 、反映销售业绩的最优程度 D 、反映产品质量的最优程度企业战略管理第三套试卷--2020年 南财工商7、按照一定要求和细分标准将战略逐层细化，并最终演绎成经营单位或职能部门年度目标的活动过程是( )A、战略变革B、战略实施C、战略分解D、战略选择8、按组织系统层层细化，将战略目标直至落实到个人过程是( )A、横向展开B、水平展开C、交叉展开D、纵向展开9、通过一种制度安排，合理地配置所有者和经营者之间的权力和责任关系，这是( )A、公司治理B、公司使命C、公司制度D、公司文化10、“定位决定地位，布局决定结局”，在企业文化建设中高度重视战略的作用，这说明的是( )A、让战略体现出价值B、领导要高瞻远瞩C、注重引导D、注意清除战略推行过程中的障碍11、在推行新战略的过程中，能让员工真切地感受到实实在在的绩效和阶段性的成果，这说明的是( )A、让战略体现出价值B、领导要高瞻远瞩C、注重引导D、注意清除战略推行过程中的障碍12、将既定的战略目标与绩效标准相比较，发现战略差距，分析产生偏差的原因并纠正偏差的过程，是( )A、战略分析B、战略控制C、战略选择D、战略变革13、从控制主体状态来看，战略控制可分为避免型控制和( )A、事前控制B、事中控制C、开关型控制D、事后控制14、对企业产品品种、数量、质量、成本、交货期及服务等方面的控制，这是( )A、生产控制B、财务控制C、营销控制D、人力控制15、反映客户对企业提供的产品和服务等一系列经营活动是否满意以及在多大程度上满意的指标( )A 、市场份额B 、客户满意程度C 、客户保持率D 、销售净利率16、员工满意程度、员工流动率、员工知识水平等指标属于平衡计分卡哪类指标( )A 、学习与成长 B 、业务流程 C 、顾客角度D 、财务角度17、内部控制中，结构防范风险不包括（ ）A 、职责分离 B 、完整和准确的记录保存 C 、资产的实物安全D 、授权的层级18、围绕企业是否该变以及该怎样变，既有来自外部因素，也有来自主观因素，而企业战略变革问题的核心与关键是( )A 、战略变革的动因 B 、战略变革的类型 C 、战略变革的主导思维逻辑 D 、战略变革方式19、“企业在短期内迅速地、大幅度地推进战略变革，同时它也是一种无法事前计划、不可确定的剧烈的变革”。
【三套试卷】小学三年级数学下册第二单元练习试卷带答案(4)
第二单元精品测试卷(含答案解析)一、我会填。
1.从770里面连续减去7,要得到结果0,需要减()次。
2.一个数除以9,有余数,余数最大是(),最小是()。
3.估算558÷7时,可以把558看成()计算,结果约是()。
4.600÷6,商的末尾有()个0。
5.计算376÷2,商是()位数,最高位是()位。
6.90是3的()倍,60是()的3倍。
二、我会判断。
1.390除以3,商是13。
()2.最大的三位数除以最大的一位数,商是最小的三位数。
()3.把832个苹果分成4份,每份都一定是208个。
()4.一个三位数除以2,商一定是三位数。
()5.被除数的中间有0,商的中间一定也有0。
()6.在有余数的除法中,被除数=商×除数+余数。
()三、我会选择。
1.423÷5的商是()。
A.两位数B.三位数C.四位数2.一个数除以1,都得()。
A.0B.1C.原数3.在除法算式中,每次除得的余数必须()。
A.等于除数B.大于除数C.小于除数4.480里面有()个3。
A.16B.106C.1605.0除以任何非0的数都得()。
A.0B.1C.原数四、我会计算。
1.直接写出得数。
240÷8=6300÷7=120÷3= 450÷9=200÷5=800÷2= 2.估算。
802÷9≈119÷3≈500÷7≈3.列竖式计算。
320÷5=476÷4=212÷3=4.脱式计算。
(254+236)÷7160×6÷8642÷6+208五、解决问题。
1.喜欢看科技书的小学生有多少人?2.学校有一批图书,平均分给5个班,每个班分到43本,还剩2本,这批书一共有多少本?3.这本书30天能看完吗?4.下面是三个小朋友跳绳的记录。
姓名时间个数乐乐3分钟218小翔4分钟336小刚5分钟451哪个小朋友跳得最快?参考答案：一、1.1102.8 13.560 804.25.三百6.30 20二、1.✕2.✕3.✕4.✕5.✕6.√三、1.A2.C3.C4.C5.A四、1.30 900 40 50 40 4002.90 40 703.320÷5=64476÷4=119212÷3=70 (2)4. (254+236)÷7160×6÷8642÷6+208=490÷7=960÷8=107+208=70 =120 =315五、1.756÷4=189(人)答:喜欢看科技书的小学生有189人。
2015苏教版七年级上册数学期末试卷3答案详解
2015苏教版七年级数学上册期末试卷第3套答案详解【本学期学了下册的内容，故增加第七章平面图形的认识二内容】一、选择题（每题3分，计30分）1. 观察下列几何体，主视图、左视图和俯视图都是．．长方形的是（ B ）2. 若代数式2132x x -的值为1，则代数式21312x x -++的值为（ A ） A. 0 B. -1 C. 1 D. 2 [把后面的式子化为前面的式子，再计算]3. 骰子是一种特殊的数字立方体（见图），它符合规则：相对两面的点数之和总是7，下面四幅图中可以折成符合规则的骰子的是（ C ）4. 如图，点O 是在直线AB 上，OD 平分∠AOC, OE 平分∠BOC ，那么下列说法中，错误的是（ B ）A. ∠COD 与∠BOE 互余B. ∠AOC 与∠BOE 互余C. ∠AOD 与∠BOD 互补D. ∠COE 与∠AOE 互补【因为OD 、OE 是角平分线，所以其平分的两个小角加起来是90度（平角的一半），然后进行等量代换，可知：∠COD 与∠BOE 互余，∠COE 与∠AOE 互补。
∠AOD 与∠BOD 互补，这二角和为平角】5. 小悦买书需用38元钱，付款时恰好用了1元和5元的纸币共10张。
设所用的1元纸币为x 张，根据题意，下面所列方程正确的是（ A ）A. 5(10)38x x +-=B.5(10)38x x +-=C. 5(10+)38x x +=D. 5(10)38x x +-=【设所用的1元纸币为x 张，则5元的纸币为10-χ，根据题意列方程，找准张数和钱数】6. 下列合并同类项的结果正确的是（ D ）A. 233a a a +=B. 32a a -=C. 33a b ab +=D. 22232a a a -=-7. 三条互不重合的直线的交点个数可能是（ C ） A. 0，1，3 B. 0，2，3 C. 0，1，2，3D. 0，1，2 【三条相互平行交点为0，三条交叉于1点交点为1，一条横截二根平行线交点为2，三条相互交叉交点为3】8. 如图，先将一个直角三角板的斜边垂直于水平桌面，再绕斜边旋转一周，则旋转后所得几何体的俯视图是（ A ） 【旋转后为一个锥体，它的俯视图为圆】9. “神舟五号”飞船发射前，一远洋测量船从基地A 沿南偏西40°方向到目标区域B 执行跟踪测量任务。
高压电工作业安全生产考试题库【3套练习题】模拟训练含答案(第4次)
高压电工作业安全生产考试题库【3套练习题】模拟训练含答案答题时间：120分钟试卷总分：100分姓名：_______________ 成绩：______________第一套一.单选题(共20题)1.在实际应用中,常用()定为设备的额定容量,并标在铭牌上。
A、有功功率PB、无功功率QC、视在功率S2.检修工作地点,在工作人员上下铁架和梯子上应悬挂:()。
A、从此上下B、在此工作C、止步,高压危险3.时间继电器的()接点是指继电器通足够大的电时经所需要的时间(整定时间)闭合的接点。
A、瞬时动合B、延时动合C、瞬时动断4.电气设备附近遭受雷击,在设备的导体上感应出大量与雷云极性相反的束缚电荷,形成过电压,称为()。
A、直接雷击过电压B、感应雷过电压C、雷电反击过电压5.电气安全用具按其基本作用可分为()。
A、绝缘安全用具和一般防护安全用具B、基本安全用具和辅助安全用具C、绝缘安全用具和辅助安全用具6.保护接地的接地电阻不能大于()。
A、4ΩB、10ΩC、15Ω7.中性点不接地的电力系统中,发生单相接地故障时,可继续运行()小时。
A、20B、2C、128.断路器的分、合闸指示器应(),并指示准确。
A、用金属物封闭B、可随意调整C、易于观察9.手车式开关柜,小车已推入,开关合入,称之为()。
A、运行状态B、备用状态C、检修状态10.绝缘靴(鞋)属于()。
A、绝缘安全用具B、一般防护安全用具C、辅助安全用具11.高压架空电力线路不应跨越()。
A、建筑物B、屋顶为燃烧材料做成的建筑物C、耐火屋顶的建筑物12.隔离开关可拉、合35kV容量为()及以下的空载变压器。
A、800kVB、1000kVC、3150kV13.继电保护装置按被保护的对象分类,有电力线路保护、发电机保护、变压器保护、电动机保护、()等。
A、差动保护B、母线保护C、后备保护14.()是指继电器不动作时处于断开状态的接点。
A、动断接点B、动合接点C、延时动断接点15.电力线路保护属于按()分类。
【三套试卷】小学六年级数学上册第三单元练习试卷含答案(4)
第三单元达标检测卷(含答案解析)分数乘法的解决问题（已知单位“1”的量（用乘法），求单位“1”的几分之几是多少） 1、画线段图：（1）两个量的关系：画两条线段图； （2）部分和整体的关系：画一条线段图。
2、找单位“1”： 在分率句中分率的前面； 或 “占”、“是”、“比”的后面 3、求一个数的几倍：一个数×几倍； 求一个数的几分之几是多少：一个数×几几。
➢ 分数连除应用题的解题方法（1）分数连除应用题的结构特点：题中有3个数量，两个单位“1”，都是未知的。
（2）分数连除应用题的解题方法：①方程解法：设所求单位“1”的量为x ，根据等量关系列方程解答。
即x ×a b ×cd=已知量。
②算术解法：用已知量连续除以它们所对应的单位“1”的几分之几。
即已知量÷c d ÷ab=另一个单位“1”的量。
（3）解题关键：找准单位“1”，求出中间量。
随堂练习1、 女生480人全校？人2、 “1”？只 足球45 只 排球453、汽车厂8月份比7月份多生产500辆，已知8月份比7月份增产91。
7月份生产汽车多少辆？4、小兰的邮票比小军多24枚，这个数目正好是小军的51。
小兰和小军各有多少枚邮票？ 5、 玉米 棉花50公顷6、一种电脑现在比原价降低152，正好降低800元，这种电脑原价多少元？7、一条彩带，用去15米，正好是剩下的，剩下多少米？全长多少米？8、今年妈妈36岁，小明年龄是妈妈的31。
小明今年多少岁？9、修一条2400米的路，第一天修了全长的31，第二天修了全长的41，第一天比第二天多修多少米？10、修一条路，第一天修了全长的31，第二天修了全长的41，第一天比第二天多修200米。
这条路长多少米？11、某校美术组有40人，美术组人数是音乐组人数的32，音乐组人数又是数学组人数的43。
数学组有多少人？12、一辆汽车53小时行了60千米，照这样的速度，4小时能行多少千米？13、小明从甲地去乙地，35小时走了15千米，正好走了全程的43。
【三套试卷】小学四年级英语上册第一单元练习试卷含答案(4)
四年级英语上册第一单元精品测试卷(附答案)Listen and write.(听录音,写单词。
)1.desks and chairs2.the door3.and see4.the light5.my classroomRead and judge.(判断单词画线部分发音是否一致,一致的写“T”,不一致的写“F”。
)Read and choose.(读单词,选图片。
)()1.classroom()2.window()3.light()puterRead and choose.(读句子,选择正确答案。
)()1.—in your desk?—A red bag and some books.A.WhatB.What’sC.Where()2.I can see many.A.desk and chairB.desks and chairC.desks and chairs()3.—Where’s my pencil?—.A.All rightB.It’s on the deskC.It’s big ()4.Look! This is our classroom. The windows blue.A.areB.isC.am()5.—Let’s clean the desks and chairs.—A.OK.B.Hello.C.Thank you.Read and choose.(读一读,选一选。
)1.Look! This(is/are) my new classroom.2.The floor is green. The(teacher/teacher’s) desk is yellow.3.Let (I/me) clean the blackboard.4.Three (desk/desks) are yellow.5.We (have/has) a new teacher.Read and choose.(读一读,选择合适的选项完成对话。
2017年6月大学英语六级真题第三套试卷及答案
2017年6月六级第三套【参考范文】Whether to Attend a Vocational College or a University?It’s an undisputable truth that virtually all high school graduates will encounter the choices between a vocational college and a university. And when it comes to this question, students’ ideas are not cut from the same cloth. In point of which to choose and what to be taken into consideration, my advices are as follow.In the first place, we should be conscious of the fact that both of the two choices have its own superiorities. For instance, a vocational college specializes in cultivating human resources with practical capabilities; while a university serves as the cradle of academic researchers in different fields. Then it does follow that high school graduates should have a clear picture of themselves. That is to say, they should know their merits and demerits and their choices must give play to their strengths whilst circumvent weaknesses. In addition, interest is the best teacher and it’s also the premise of learning on one’s own initiative. Thus interest must be taken into account because it can not only decide how far one can reach academically and professionally but also how happy and fulfilled one will be.In brief, all above just goes to show that there really is no one-size-fits-all answer for the question. The key lies in a clear cognition, accurate self-positioning and the interest of oneself. Only then can every one find a right path that works best for us.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed.2. A) They are worthy of a prize. B) They are of little value.C) They make good reading. D) They need improvement.3. A) He seldom writes a book straight through.B) He writes several books simultaneously.C) He draws on his real-life experiences.D) He often turns to his wife for help.4. A) Writing a book is just like watching a football match.B) Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.C) He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.D) Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing a book.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) Achievements of black male athletes in college.B) Financial assistance to black athletes in college.C) High college dropout rates among black athletes.D) Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.6. A) They display great talent in every kind of game.B) They are better at sports than at academic work.C) They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.D) They make money for the college but often fail to earn a degree.7. A) About 15%. B) Around 40%.C) Slightly over 50%. D) Approximately 70%.8. A) Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.B) College degrees do not count much to them.C) They have little interest in academic work.D) Schools do not deem it a serious problem.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Marketing strategies. B) Holiday shopping.C) Shopping malls. D) Online stores.10. A) About 50% of holiday shoppers.B) About 20-30% of holiday shoppers.C) About 136 million.D) About 183.8 million.11. A) They have fewer customers.B) They find it hard to survive.C) They are thriving once more.D) They appeal to elderly customers.12. A) Better quality of consumer goods.B) Higher employment and wages.C) Greater varieties of commodities.D) People having more leisure time.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A) They are new species of big insects.B)They are overprescribed antibiotics.C)They are life-threatening diseases.D)They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.14. A) Antibiotics are now in short supply.B)Many infections are no longer curable.C)Large amounts of tax money are wasted.D)Routine operations have become complex.B)Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) It is accessible only to the talented.B) It improves students’ ability to think.C) It starts a lifelong learning process.D) It gives birth to many eminent scholars.17. A) They encourage academic democracy.B) They promote globalization.C) They uphold the presidents’ authority.D) They protect students’ rights.18. A) His thirst for knowledge. B) His eagerness to find a job.C) His contempt for authority. D) His potential for leadership.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Few people know how to retrieve information properly.B)People can enhance their memory with a few tricks.C)Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.D)People tend to underestimate their mental powers.20. A) They present the states in a surprisingly different order.B)They include more or less the same number of states.C)They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.D)They contain names of the most familiar states.21. A) Focusing on what is likely to be tested.B)Having a good sleep the night before.C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to take place.D)Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers.22. A) Discover when you can learn best.B) Change your time of study daily.B) Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.D) Follow the example of a marathon runner.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A) He is a politician. B) He is a businessman.C)He is a sociologist. D) He is an economist.B) In Africa.C) In pre-industrial societies.D) In developing countries.25. A) They have no access to health care, let alone entertainment or recreation.B)Their income is less than 50% of the national average family income.C)They work extra hours to have their basic needs met.D)Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Let’s all stop judging people who talk to the mselves. New research says that those who can’t seem to keep their inner monologues(独白) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain __26__ better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to __27__ mental pictures helps people function quicker.In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty __28__ and asked them to find just one of those, a banana. Half were __29__ to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half kept their lips __30__. Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly fa ster than those who didn’t，the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that __31__ the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone’s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you’ve __32__ matured is not a great sign of __33__. The two professors hope to refute that idea, __34__ that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help “augment thinking”.Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any__35__, there’s still such a thing as too much information.A) apparently B) arrogance C) brilliance D) claiming E) dedicated F) focused G) incur H) instructed I) obscurely J) sealed K) spectators L) trigger M) uttering N) volume O) volunteersSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Rich Children and Poor Ones Are Raised Very Differently[A] The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before.[B] Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet, soccer and after-school programs, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. There are usually two parents, who spend a lot of time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules.[C] In poor families, meanwhile, children tend to spend their time at home or with extended family. They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parents say aren’t great for raising children, and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in trouble with the law.[D] The class differences in child rearing are growing — a symptom of widening inequality with far-reaching consequences. Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic divisions, especially because education is strongly linked to earnings. Children grow up learning the skills to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum (阶层), but not necessarily others.[E] “Early childhood experiences can be very consequential for children’slong-term social, emotional and cognitive development,” said Sean Reardon, professor of poverty and inequality in education at Stanford University. “And because those influence educational success and later earnings, early childhood experiences cast a lifelong shadow.” The cycle continues: Poorer parents have less time and fewer resources to invest in their children, which can leave children less prepared for school and work, which leads to lower earnings.[F] American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and past research have found: for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring and compassionate. There is no best parenting style or philosophy, researchers say, and across income groups, 92% of parents say they are doing a good job at raising their children. Yet they are doing it quite differently. Middle-class and higher- income parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette Lareau, whose groundbreaking research on the topic was published in her book Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race and Family Life. They try to develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities, and teach children to question authority figures and navigate elite institutions.[G] Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far greater independence and time for free play. They are taught to be compliant and respectful to adults. There are benefits to both approaches.Working-class children are happier, more independent, complain less and are closer with family members, Ms. Lareau found. Higher-income children are more likely to declare boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems. Yet later on, the more affluent children end up in college and on the way to the middle class, while working-class children tend to struggle. Children from higher-income families are likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and workplaces, Ms. Lareau said.[H] “Do all parents want the most success for their children? Absolutely,” she said. “Do some strategies give children more advantages than others in institutions? Probably they do. Will parents be damaging children if they have one fewer organized activity? No, I really doubt it.”[I] Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low-income parents have less money to spend on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules totake children to museums or attend school events. Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a nationally representative sample of 1,807 parents. Of families earning more than $75,000 a year, 84% say their children have participated in organized sports over the past year, 64% have done volunteer work and 62% have taken lessons in music, dance or art. Of families earning less than $30,000, 59% of children have done sports, 37% have volunteered and 41% have taken arts classes.[J] Especially in affluent families, children start young. Nearly half of high-earning, college-graduate parents enrolled their children in arts classes before they were 5, compared with one-fifth of low-income, less- educated parents. Nonetheless, 20% of well-off parents say their children’s schedules are too hectic, compared with 8% of poorer parents.[K] Another example is reading aloud, which studies have shown gives children bigger vocabularies and better reading comprehension in school. 71% of parents with a college degree say they do it every day, compared with 33% of those with a high school diploma or less. White parents are more likely than others to read to their children daily, as are married parents. Most affluent parents enroll their children in preschool or day care, while low-income parents are more likely to depend on family members. Discipline techniques vary by education level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children, compared with 22% of those with a high school degree or less.[L] The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly, parents’ attitudes toward education do not seem to reflect their own educational background as much as a belief in the importance of education for upward mobility. Most American parents say they are not concerned about their children’s grades as long as they work hard. But 50% of poor parents say it is extremely important to them that their children earn a college degree, compared with 39% of wealthier parents.[M] Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Latino parents are more likely to believe that there is no such thing as too much involvement in a child’s education. Parents who are white, wealthy or college- educated say too much involvement can be bad. Parental anxieties reflect their circumstances. High- earning parents are much more likely to say they live in a good neighborhood for raising children. While bullying is parents’ greatest concern over all, nearly half of low-income parents worry their child will get shot, compared with one-fifth of high-income parents. They are more worried about their children being depressed or anxious.[N] In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $30,000 and $75,000 a year fell right between working-class and high-earning parents on issues like the quality of their neighborhood for raising children, participation in extracurricular activities and involvement in their children’ s education.[O] Children were not always raised so differently. The achievement gap between children from high- and low-income families is 30-40% larger among children born in 2001 than those born 25 years earlier, according to Mr. Reardon’ s research. People used to live near people of different income levels; neighborhoods are now more segregated by income. More than a quarter of children live in single-parent households — a historic high, according to Pew 一and these children are three times as likely to live in poverty as those who live with married parents. Meanwhile, growing income inequality has coincided with the increasing importance of a college degree for earning a middle-class wage.[P] Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink. In the past decade, even as income inequality has grown, some of the socioeconomic differences in parenting, like reading to children and going to libraries, have narrowed.[Q] Public policies aimed at young children have helped, including public preschool programs and reading initiatives. Addressing differences in the earliest years, it seems, could reduce inequality in the next generation.36. Working-class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect to adults.37. American parents, whether rich or poor, have similar expectations of their children despite different ways of parenting.38. While rich parents are more concerned with their children’s psychological well-being, poor parents are more worried about their children’s safety.39. The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing social inequality.40. Parenting approaches of working-class and affluent families both have advantages.41. Higher-income families and working-class families now tend to live in different neighborhoods.42. Physical punishment is used much less by well-educated parents.43. Ms. Lareau doesn’t believe participating in fewer after-class activities will negatively affect children’s development.44. Wealthy parents are concerned about their children’s mental health and busy schedules.45. Some socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in the past ten years.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Tennessee’s technical and community colleges will not outsource(外包) management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus’ spending on facili ties management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state. Morgan said those findings — which included data from the system’s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities — were part of the decision not to move for ward with Governor Bill Haslam’s proposal to privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money.“While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to t he presidents. “System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative.”Worker’s advocates have criticized Haslam’s plan, saying it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan, which has not been finalized.Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is examining the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be part of a “business justification” the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of an outsourcing plan.“The state’s facilities management project team is still in the process of developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end o f February,” Martin said. “At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis has yet to be completed.”Morgan’s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one of Haslam’s plans for higher educatio n in Tennessee. Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor’s proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization “unworkable”.46. What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Tennessee?A) It is backed by a campus spending analysis.B)It has been flatly rejected by the governor.C)It has neglected their faculty’s demands.D)It will improve their financial situation.47. What does the campus spending analysis reveal?A) Private companies play a big role in campus management.B)Facilities management by colleges is more cost-effective.C)Facilities management has greatly improved in recent years.D)Colleges exercise foil control over their own financial affairs.48. Workers’ supporters argue that Bill Haslam’s proposal would _________.A) deprive colleges of the right to manage their facilitiesB)make workers less motivated in performing dutiesC)render a number of campus workers joblessD)lead to the privatization of campus facilities49. What do we learn from the state spokeswoman’s response to John Morgan’s decision?A) The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.B)The outsourcing plan will be implemented.C)The state officials are confident about the outsourcing plan.D)The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcing plan.50. Why did John Morgan decide to resign?A) He had lost confidence in the Tennessee state government.B)He disagreed with the governor on higher education policies.C)He thought the state’s outsourcing proposal was simply unworkable.D)He opposed the governor’s plan to reconstruct the colle ge board system.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for youngaristocrats to visit Paris, Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as theculmination(终极) of their classical education. Thus was born the idea of the GrandTour, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and alsoAmericans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel wasarduous and costly throughout the period, possible only for a privileged class—thesame that produced gentlemen scientists, authors, antique experts, and patrons of the arts.The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greekand Latin literature as well as some leisure time, some means, and some interest inart. The German traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history withhis comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture; he was portrayed by hisfriend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. MostGrand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less scholarlyintentions, accompanied by a teacher or guardian, and expected to return home withsouvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and architecture formedby exposure to great masterpieces.London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany,and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey. The essential place to visit,however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompson spoke for many GrandTourists when in 1744 he described himself as “being impatiently desirous of viewing a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, andwhich is at present the greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblestproductions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cabinets of rarities, andcollections of all kinds of hist orical relics”. Within Italy, the great focus was Rome,whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every GrandTourist. Panini’s Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe before the close of the eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by gaining admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and Italian art for their own collections. In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative (唤起回忆的) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.51. What is said about the Grand Tour?A) It was fashionable among young people of the time.B)It was unaffordable for ordinary people.C)It produced some famous European artists.D)It made a compulsory part of college education.52. What did Grand Tourists have in common?A) They had much geographic knowledge.B)They were courageous and venturesome.C)They were versed in literature and interested in art.D)They had enough travel and outdoor-life experience.53. How did Grand Tourists benefit from their travel?A) They found inspiration in the world’s greatest masterpieces.B)They got a better understanding of early human civilization.C)They developed an interest in the origin of modem art forms.D)They gained some knowledge of classical art and architecture.54. Why did many Grand Tourists visit the private collections?A) They could buy unique souvenirs there to take back home.B)Europe hardly had any museums before the 19th century.C)They found the antiques there more valuable.D)Private collections were of greater variety.55. How did the Grand Tour influence the architecture in England?A) There appeared more and more Roman-style buildings.B)Many aristocrats began to move into Roman-style villas.C)Aristocrats，country houses all had Roman-style gardens.D)Italian architects were hired to design houses and gardens.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.唐朝始于618年，终于907年，是中国历史上最灿烂的时期。
2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试卷及答案(第三套)
2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试卷及答案（第三套）目录2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试题三(完整版) (1)2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试卷参考答案 (16)2018年12月大学生英语六级真题试题三(完整版) Part I Writing (30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on how to balance academic study and extracurricular activities.You can cite examples to illustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
第3套试卷答案
一、单项选择题（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．C
二、多项选择题（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
1．ABC 2．ABCD 3．AB 4．ABC 5．AC
三、名词解释（本题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分）
1.外部效应：私人边际成本和社会边际成本之间或私人边际效益和社会边际效益之间的非一致性。
即某些个人或厂商的经济行为影响了他人或厂商，却没有为之承担应有的成本费用或没有获得应有的报酬。
2.税收支出：以特殊的法律条文规定的、给予特定类型的活动或纳税人以各种税收优惠待遇而形成的收入损失或放弃的收入。
3.预算外资金：预算外资金是指国家机关、事业单位、社会团体和其他机构为履行或代行政府职能，依据国家法律法规和具有法律效力的规章，收取、提取和安排使用的未纳入国家预算管理的各种财政性资金。
四、判断题（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．× 2．√ 3．× 4．× 5．× 6．× 7．√ 8．√ 9．√ 10．×
五、简答题（本题共5小题，共28分）
１. 财政收入的形式有哪些？（5分）
（1）．税收收入（1分）
（2）．国有资产收益（1分）
（3）．国债收入（1分）
（4）其他收入：规费收入、罚没收入、国家资源管理收入、公产收入、专项收入。
（2分）2．转移性支出与购买性支出在社会经济中的地位和作用有何不同？（5分）○1购买性支出对于社会的生产和就业有直接的影响，并间接影响收入分配；转移性支出直接影响收入分配，对生产和就业的影响是间接的。
（1.5分）
○2在安排购买性支出时，政府必须遵循等价交换的原则，此时的财政活动对政府形成较强的效益约束；在安排转移性支出时，政府并没有十分明确的原则可以遵循，此时的财政活动对政府的效益是软约束。
（1.5分）
○3购买性支出对微观主体的约束是硬约束，转移性支出对微观主体的约束是软约束
（1.5分）
④以购买性支出占较大比重的支出结构的财政活动，政府执行资源配置的职能较强；以转移性支出占占较大比重的支出结构的财政活动则执行国民收入分配的职能较强。
（0.5分）3．资源配置职能的含义以及实现该职能的财政手段是什么？（6分）
（1）资源配置，广义的理解可以是指社会总产品的配置，狭义的理解可以是指生产要素的配置。
不论何种理解，资源配置就是运用有限的资源形成一定的资产结构、产业结构以及技术结构和地区结构，达到优化资源结构的目标。
（1分）
（2）财政手段：
○1确定财政收支占国民收入的合理比例（1分）
○2优化财政支出结构（1分）
○3通过合理安排政府投资的规模和结构确保国家的重点建设（1分）
○4鼓励并调节民间投资（1分）
○5提高财政资源配置本身的效率（1分）
4. 税负转嫁的形式与影响税负转嫁的因素（6分）
（1）税负转嫁的形式：前转、后转、消转、辗转、叠转、税收资本化（2分）
（2）影响税收转嫁的因素：
①商品供求弹性（1分）
②市场结构（1分）
③课税制度（1分）
④企业决策者市场价值判断及行为观念（1分）
5．分析影响税制结构的因素。
（6分）
（1）生产力发展水平（1分）
（2）经济结构（1分）
（3）政府调节经济的意图（1分）
（4）税收征管水平（1分）
（5）历史原因（1分）
（6）国际影响（1分）
六、计算题（本题共3小题，共24分）
1、解;(1) 销售甲产品的销项税额
180×17%﹢11.7÷(1﹢17%)×17%=30.6﹢1.7=32.3万元（2分）
(2) 销售乙产品的销项税额
58.5÷(1﹢17%)×17%=8.5万元（1分）
(3)自用新产品的销项税额
60×(1﹢10%)×17%=11.22万元（2分）
(4)外购农产品的进项税
60×13%×(1-20%)=6.24万元（2分）
(5)5月该企业应缴纳的增值税额为
32.3﹢8.5﹢11.22-6.24=45.78万元（1分）
2、解(1) 广告费扣除限额:(8000+300)×15%=1245万元,需要调增1400-1245=155万元（1分）
(2)业务招待费扣除限额:90×60%=54万元；8300×5‰=41.5 需要调增90-41.5=48.5万元（1分）
(3)利息扣除限额:500×5.8%=29万元需要调增40-29=11万元（1分）
(4) 工会经费扣除限额:540×2%=10.8万元需要调增16-10.8=5.2万元（1分）
职工福利扣除限额:540×14%=75.6万元需要调增86-75.6=10.4万元（1分）
职工教育经费扣除限额:540×2.5%=13.5万元需要调增18-13.5=4.5万元（1分）
(5)捐款扣除限额:860×12%=103.2万元需要调增150-103.2=46.8万元（1分）
(6)企业应纳所得税额=(860+155+48.5+11+5.2+10.4+4.5+46.8) ×25%=285.35万元（1分）
3、解：（1）工资薪金所得纳税：（6000+1000－3500）×10%-105=245元（1分）
（2）劳务所得纳税： 5000×（1—20%）×20%=800元（1分）
（3）稿酬所得纳税：捐赠限额 30000×（1—20%）×30%=7200元（2分）
｛30000×（1—20%）—7200｝×20%×（1—30%）=2352 元
（4）特许权使用费纳税：（3000-800）×20%=440元（1分）
（5）年终奖纳税： 12000/12=1000 12000×3%=360元（2分）
应纳个税的和245+800+2352+440+360=4197元（1分）
七、论述题（共12分）
财政政策的工具及效应
（一）财政政策的工具
1．税收（1.5分）
税收作为调节手段，一是调节社会总供给和总需求的关系，二是调节收入分配关系。
这些调节作用主要通过税率的确定、税种的选择、税负的分配以及税收优惠和税收惩罚等规定体现出来。
2．财政支出（1.5分）
（1）购买性支出。
购买性支出的增减，将直接影响个人收入的增减和社会总消费的增减，进而影响到国民收入的增减。
其影响程度取决于政府购买乘数的大小。
可见，购买性支出作为财政政策的工具，是实现反经济周期的手段之一。
（2）转移性支出。
转移性支出是政府将财政资金用于社会救助、社会保险和财政补贴等费用的支付。
3．公债（1.5分）
国债的作用主要通过国债规模、持有人结构、期限结构、国债利率等综合体现出来，政府可以通过调整国债规模，选择购买对象，区分国债偿还期限，制定不同国债利率等来实现财政的目标。
4．财政预算（1.5分）
预算调节经济的作用主要反映在财政收支的规模和收支差额上。
赤字预算体现的是一种扩张性财政政策，在有效需求不足时，可以对总需求的增长起到刺激作用。
（二）财政政策的效应
1．“内在稳定器”效应（1.5分）
财政政策的“内在稳定器”无须借助外力就可以直接产生调控效果，这种内在的、自动产生的稳定效果可以随着社会经济的发展，自行发挥调节作用而不需要政府专门采取干预行动。
2．乘数效应（1.5分）
财政政策的乘数效应包括三方面的内容：第一，投资或公共支出乘数效应。
第二，税收乘数效应。
第三，预算平衡乘数效应。
乘数效应包括正反两个方面；当政府投资或公共支出扩大、税收减少时，对国民收入有加倍扩大的作用，从而产生宏观经济的扩张效应；当政府投资或公共支出削减、税收增加时，对国民收入有加倍收缩的作用，从而产生宏观经济的紧缩效应。
3．奖抑效应（1.5分）
奖抑效应主要是指政府通过财政补贴、各种奖惩措施、优惠政策对国民经济的某些地区、
部门、行业、产品及某种经济行为予以鼓励、扶持或者限制、惩罚而产生的有效影响。
4．货币效应（1.5分）
一方面，财政政策的货币效应表现为政府投资、公共支出、财政补贴等本身形成的一部分社会货币购买力，从而对货币流通形成直接影响，产生货币效应；另一方面，财政政策的货币效应主要体现在公债上，公债政策的货币效应又取决于公债认购的对象和资金来源。