汽车实用英语

《汽车实用英语》accident insurance 事故保险insurance against theft 防盗保险fully comprehensive insurance 全险third-party insurance 第三方保险I. Match the following English and Chinese words.（单词，每小题2分，共30分）1. automobile 汽车2. total capacity 总排量3. transportation 交通4. petrol engine 汽油机5. brake pedal 脚刹车6. lorry 卡车7. manufacturer 制造厂商8. generator 发电机9. gravity 重力10. water pump水泵11. exhaust system 排气系统12. self-ignition自燃13. high-pressurepipe 高压油管14. in-line engine直列式发动机15. injector 喷油器16. pulley 皮带轮17. thermostat 恒温器18. transistor 晶体管19. windscreen 挡风玻璃20. gearbox 变速器21. oil pump 机油泵22. compressionratio 压缩比23. bearing 轴承25. heater hose 暖气软管26. valve stem 气门杆II. Put each of thefollowing sentencesinto English orChinese, using theword given in thebracket if any.Write your answeron the ANSWERSHEET.（翻译，每小题5分，共30分）1. Where did thename “Automobile”come from? TheNew York Times’mention of the name“automobile”wasthe first public useof the term by themedia and helped topopularize thatname for motorvehicles.“汽车”这个名字起源于哪里呢？《纽约时报》是第一个使用“汽车”这个词的媒体，这有助于这个名字的推广，泛指所有的机动车辆。

2. An automobileprobably containsmore than 15000separate parts. Thevehicle can beusually subdividedinto several majorcategories: the body,the engine or powersource, the chassisand the electricalsystem.汽车大概包含15000个零件。

通常它被细分成以下几个主要的部分：车身，动力系统，底盘和电气系统。

3. Today, theautomobile hasbecome thedominant means oftransportation onthis planet. Peopleall over the worldquite rely on theautomobile. Withthe development ofautomotivetechnology theautomobile becomesmore and morecomfortable, safe,and economical.现在，汽车已经成为世界上最主要的交通工具。

大家都很依赖于汽车。

随着汽车技术的发展，汽车变得越来越舒适，安全以及更加经济合算。

4. The major parts of electrical system in a car include the battery, the starting system, the charging system, the ignition system, the lighting system, the auxiliary system and some electronic devices used on modern automobiles.汽车电气系统的主要组成部分是：蓄电池，启动系统，充电系统，点火系统，灯光系统，辅助系统，以及一些用在现代汽车上的电子器件。

5. The diesel engines also have four strokes: intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke, and exhaust stroke, as the gasoline engines. 四冲程柴油发动机和汽油发动机一样，都包括进气行程、压缩行程、做功行程和排气行程。

6. 汽车促进了我们的经济和社会制度的发展。

(contribute …to)The automobilecontributes to oureconomic and socialsystem.7. 汽车的传输系统是将动力从发动机传输到车轮，然后起动车子。

(transmit…to)The transmissionsystem is to transmitthe power from theengine to the wheelsto move the vehicle.8. 苏格兰发明了第一辆电动的马车。

(invent)The first electriccarriage wasinvented inScotland.III. Each of thepassages below isfollowed by somequestions. For eachquestion there arefour answersmarked A, B, Cand D. Read thepassages carefullyand choose the bestanswer to each ofthe questions.Mark your answeron the ANSWERSHEET.（，单选，每小题2分，共20分）Passage A:Too many carshave created a lot ofserious problems inour world. Besidescongestion,accidents and fastfuel consumptionare responsible for agood part of airpollution in bigcities. All the time,they are pumpinghuge amounts ofwaste gases into theatmosphere. Thesegases are veryharmful, causingdisease and evendeath. Last winter,car fumes formedheavy smog overBeijing, making thesky gloomy forweeks anddeterioratingpeople's health.One possiblesolution is to designand develop cleancars and clean fuels.In TsinghuaUniversity, campusbuses are driven byelectricity. InBeijing some of thepublic buses beginto run on natural gas,which does not giveoff as much carbondioxide as the petrol.But it may takedecades for the newmodels of clean carsto completelyreplace thetraditional ones.Another solution isto develop modernpublic transportationsystems and restrictthe use of privatecars. If the price of petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people will not private cars. And the total number of cars in big cities will reduce greatly. On the whole, the elimination of air pollution needs the co-efforts from the government, the public and the environments. This problem will be solved only with the help of science and technology.1. Which of the following is not caused by too many cars?A. fast fuel consumptionB. waste gasesC. traffic accidentsD. drought2. On the whole, theelimination of airpollution needs______.A. the efforts fromgovernmentB. the efforts fromthe publicC. the efforts fromthe environmentsD. all of the above3. Which of thefollowing is NOTtrue according to thepassage?A. The waste gasespumped from thecars are veryharmful, causingdisease and evendeath.B. Last winter, carfumes formed heavysmog over Beijing.C. The new modelsof clean cars willcompletely replacethe traditional ones.D. In Beijing someof the public busesbegin to run onnatural gas.4. According to thewriter, the problemon the elimination ofair pollution______.A. will be solvedonly with the help ofscience andtechnology.B. has been solved.C. can’t be solved.D. will be solvedonly with the help ofgovernment.5. The best title forthis passage wouldbe _____A. Cars andPollution B.EnvironmentalProtectionC. Traffic AccidentD. BusesD D C AAPassage B:With thefantastic spur bothin industry and ineconomy in China,the number ofpeople who ownprivate cars is on therise. Some peoplehave bought cars oftheir own, andothers are planningto buy cars. Butthere have been twoquite different viewson this phenomenon.Some claim thatthere are manyadvantages broughtabout by cars. First,the automobileindustry providesjobs for countlessworkers and strongsupport for otherindustries. Second,if conditions permit,owning a car canmake us work moreefficiently. Finally,life will becomemore convenient. Acar allows one tomove freely and with a car there is no need to wait for the bus in the cold or under the burning sun.However, others strongly object to the increase in developing private cars. They hold that automobiles will give rise to a series of problems. In the first place, as more and more cars are produced and run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people. Next, private cars contribute to traffic congestion so greatly that the advantages gainedin comfort andfreedom areoften cancelled outby the frustrationcaused by trafficjams. The lastproblem is theincreasing numberof car accidents thathave killed and willkill a lot of people ina friction of asecond.In my opinion,althoughautomobiles havebeen playing a vitalpart in the dailyactivities of oursociety, they alsobring us numeroustroubles such asmore seriousenvironmentalpollution, moretraffic accidents andmore energyconsumption. Theydrink up hugeamounts of fuel andthrow out hugeamounts ofpollutants. Trafficaccidents killthousands andthousands of peopleeach year andcripple more. Jamswaste our precioustime. Therefore I amagainst developingprivate cars.1. Nowadays, thenumber of peoplewho own privatecars is_______.A. on the riseB. getting fewer andfewerC. just the same asbefore D. 10million2. Some claim thatthe automobileindustry can______.A. provide jobs forcountless workersB. provide strongsupport for otherindustriesC. make us workmore efficientlyD. all of the above3. Which of thefollowing is NOTtrue according to thepassage?A. Some hold thatautomobiles willgive rise to a seriesof problems.B. The increasingnumber of caraccidents havekilled and will kill alot of people in afriction of a second.C. Too many carswill cause a largevolume ofpoisonous gas.D. The private carsdon’t contribute totraffic congestion4. What’s theauthor’s opinionabout private cars?A. positiveB. negativeC. neutralD. no idea5. The best title for this passage would be _____ A ．CarsandPollution B. Private CarsC. Traffic AccidentD. Advantages andDisadvantages ofPrivate Cars A D D BDPassage C: Americans like to go out by car. Although more and more Chinese own cars, most Chinese still like to ride bicycles, This is determined by a lot of factors.As we all know, the bike advances slowly by manpower, but it can be placed whereveritisconvenient However, as for the car,although it can runfast by engine, itmust be parked at parking places. Most Americans live in the suburb which is far from urban areas and their working places. Sothey need cars to goshopping and go to work. And they alsolike traveling far. Thus a car brings themgreatconvenience. On the contrary,mostChinese live near their working areas and markets. They don't need a car to go to work or go shopping.I would like to ride a bike, because it costs little and it is easy to use and won't causepollution.1. From the passage,Americans like to go out ____________. A. by car B. on foot C. byamotorbikeD. by a big truck 2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Most Americans live in the suburb which is far from urban areas and their workingplaces.B. A car brings people greatconvenience. C. Most Chinese liveneartheir working areas and markets. D.AlloftheChinese people go out by bike. 3. According to the author, what are the benefits from riding a bike?A. It costs little.B. It won ’t cause pollutionC. It causes no trafficaccidentD. A and B. 4. According to the passage, what is the author ’s opinion? A. The author likes to ride a bike. B. The author likes to go out by car. C. The author likes neither car nor bike.D. The author likes to go out either by car or by bike. 5. The best title for this passage would be _____. A.CarsB. Cars and BikesC.The DisadvantagesofCars D. The Advantages of BikesA D D ABIV . Below are 10words and phrases, please use them to fill in the gaps in the each sentence. Each word or phrase can only be used once. （填空，每小题2分，共20分）steering system; influence; inlet port; assembly lines; components; produces; similar; indispensable; fuel system; exhaust system; self-ignition; two-stroke CI engine; cylinder block; compression ignition; full-slipper piston; cylinder head; lubrication system1. After installing the moving __assemblylines____ in his factory in 1913, Ford became the world’s biggest car manufacturer.2. The __steering system__ is used to enable the driver to control the direction of the vehicle quickly and easily at all speeds.3. The compressionratio of an enginehas an important__influence__ onthe power producedto do useful work.4. The main__components__ofthe fuel supplysystem for a dieselengine include a fuelstorage tank,low-pressure pipes,various fuel filters,fuel lift pump, fuelinfection pump,high-pressure pipes,fuel injectors andfuel leak-off pipes.5. The __inletport__, leading thefuel and air mixtureto below the pistoninto the crankcase.6. A two- stokeengine___produce___ power twice asthe four-strokeengine when bothrotate at the samespeed.7. The spark ignitionengine and thediesel engine arevery __similar___ inconstruction.8. In the 21st century,the role of theautomobile in theWestern world hasbeen a consumergood and__indispensable____ tool of theordinary citizen.9. The ___fuelsystem___ suppliesgasoline or dieselfuel to the engine.10. The ___exhaustsystem____ reducesthe noise of theburned gasesleaving the enginecylinders and carriesthese exhaust gasessafely away fromthe people in the car.11. As the___self-ignition___temperature of thefuel is about 400and the compressedair temperature isconsiderably higherthan this, the heatpresent in thecombustion chambercauses the fuel toburn and more heatis produced.12. The__two-stroke CIengine__ producestwice as manypower strokes as thefour-stroke CIengine, whencompared at thesame running speed.13. The ___cylinderblcok__ is thefoundation of theengine---all otherparts are attached toit.14. There are twotypes of pistonengines: sparkignition and ___compression ignition____.15. Most automotive pistons are _full-slipperpiston____. They vary from about 3 to 4 inches in diameter and weigh about 1 pound.16. The __cylinder head___ is the engine component that covers and encloses the cylinders on top of the cylinder block.17. The _lubrication system___ is designed to supply lubricant, the oil, to all the moving parts of then engine to separate their surfaces, reduce friction, and act as a coolant and detergent. 第四部分翻译（共计30分）36.__ It is a veryenjoyable/interesting film __（这是部非常有意思的电影），but it's not a film towatch beforebedtime！37. She borrowedthe book from melast week and ___gave it back/returned it to me__（她还给了我）onMonday.38. She said _ sheused to live here_．（她曾经住在这里）39. A：How shall Iget to the postoffice?B: You can gothere _ either by busor by subway _（可以坐公共汽车，也可以坐地铁）40. Which is __ thebest football team _（最好的足球队）inthe world?41. We have enoughmoney to improvethe website.我们有足够的钱改进这个网站。