The United Nations

The United Nations: The Promise of PeaceAn Introduction to the Lecture and to Note-TakingA. Pre-listening ActivitiesPREVIEW OF CONTENTMany people already know what the United Nations Organization is and where it is located, but how many know when and why it was first planned?In this lecture the answers to these questions are explored, and some recent statistics about its operating budget are given.PREVIEW OF VOCABULARYBefore you listen to the lecture on the United Nations, it will be helpful to preview some of the vocabulary and sentences that are used in the lecture. You will first be given several vocabulary items in isolation. Below each group of items are sentence definitions for each. You are to fill in the blanks with the appropriate vocabulary items from the list. Use your dictionary if necessary to select the correct item for each sentence definition/ After you have worked through the Preview of Vocabulary, you will be given the Preview of Sentences. The highlighted vocabulary words are presented in the same context in which they are used in the lecture.Pledge headquarters charter1. The main office of an organization is its2. To promise sincerely is to3. The constitution of the United Nations Organization is known as itslend philanthropist nuclear weapons budget4. To give money on the condition that it be repaid at a later date is to money.5. A is a very rich person who gives money for good causes, such as education and medical research.6. A is a list of income and expenses for a certain period of time.7. Instruments of war that use atomic energy are known as .PREVIEW OF SENTENCESHere are some of the sentences you will encounter in the lecture.1. The United Nations headquarters is in the United States, in New York City.2.In 1944 twenty-six countries pledged to continue to fight against Germany and Italy in World WarⅡ.3. The charter of the U.N. was formally signed by fifty countries in October of 1945 in San Francis co, California.4. In 1950 John D. Rockefeller, Jr., the well-known oil millionaire and philanthropist, gave the Unit ed Nations Organization a section of land in New York City.5. The United States government lent the U.N. $65 million to construct a building to house the int ernational organization.6. The United Nations budget now totals more than $450 million per year.7. It is so vital, so really necessary, that countries settle disputes or disagreements in this day of w orld-wide nuclear weapons.The Weather: Meteorology and MeteorologistsA. Pre-listening Activities PREVIEW OF CONTENTEveryone talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it,‖ is a common expression, but is it really true that nobody is doing anything about the weather? This is definitely not true t oday. In this lecture, you will find out what scientists are doing about the weather.The lecturer begins his talk by describing some of the contributions made by weather scientists. He goes on to talk about the United States National Weather Service‘s monitoring of weather con ditions throughout the country. Specific examples of the Weather Service‘s information-gathering operation are given. The speaker then talks about the role weather satellites play in providing we ather information and data to scientists. He finishes up by explaining how accurate weather infor mation benefits us.PREVIEW OF VOXABULARYThese are some of the vocabulary items contained in the lecture. Fill in each bland with one of th e words listed. Use your dictionary to look up any items you are not familiar with.Make forecasts meteorology warn1. Weather reports help to notify people of possible danger; the of approaching storms.2. To predict what the weather will be like in the future is to about the weather.3. is the science of studying the weather.Satellite network launched4. An object made by humans that is sent into outer space tocollect weather information and data is called a weather .5. The weather satellite was sent into outer space and now revolves around the earth. It was into space in 1959.6. An interconnected group or system of weather stations is also called a of weather stations.PREVIEW OF SENTENCESThese are some of the sentences you will hear in the lecture. After having worked through the pr evious exercise. You should be familiar with the meanings of the italicized items.1. Today meteorology is used to make people‘s lives safer and better.2. Some meteorologists make forecasts about the weather.3. Many weather forecasts help to warn people of approaching bad weather and storms.4. The United States National Weather Service operates a network of weather stations throughou t the United States.5. In the year 1959, the United States launched its first weather satellite.Symbols Used in the Note-Taking ModelBefore you start the tape. take a minute to study the list of symbols used in the Note-Taking Mod el. You may wish to use some of these symbols when you take your notes on the lecture.→ === provides the ditto sign (‘‘) under a word indicates+400 === more than 400 that the word above it is being repeated% === percent $=dollars‘59 === 1959 the-dash indicates that words have& === and been omittedMULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSNow you are going to hear five questions about the information you heard in the lecture. Each qu estion will be spoken two times, but it will not be written out for you. You must listen very careful ly to each question. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers that are printed in your book. You should then check your notes to see which of the four choices is the correct answ er to the question you heard. Mark your answer by putting an X next to the letter (a), (b), (c), or ( d)—whichever is the best choice.Listen to the following example.You will hear the question: ―What do meteorologists do?‖ You will read in your book:(a)They observe the weather.(b)They analyze weather information. (c)They make weather forecasts. (d) All of the above. X After hearing the question, you should have looked at the notes you took and found some indic ation in them that meteorologists observe the weather, analyze weather information, and make weather forecasts; therefore, choice (d) is the correct answer. Now let‘s begin the test.1. (a) exactly four hundred 4. (a) in the early 1950s(b) fewer than four hundred (b) in the mid-1950s(c) more than four hundred (c)in the late 1950s(d) all of the above (d) none of the above2. (a) five-hour(b) thirty-hour 5. (a) They study about meteorology(c) twenty-four hour (b)They talk about the weather.(d) all of the above (c) They collect weather information3. (a) 05% (d) They issue five-day weather forecast (b)09% (c)90% (d)95%Stop the tape and check your answers. Then continue working in your book. This is the end of t he taped section of Lecture 2.TURE-FALSE STATEMENT1. Nobody ever talks about the weather.2. Meteorology is used to make people‘s lives safer and better.3. Weather forecasts help to warn people of approaching good weather.4. The U.S. National Weather Service operates a system of stations in every country around the w orld.5. Weather observations are taken every sixty minutes at the U.S.. national Weather Service..6. The Weather Service issues five-day as well as thirty-day weather forecasts.7. The United States launched its first satellites in 1959.8. Since 1959 no additional weather satellites have been sent into space.9. Weather satellites provide valuable weather information to meteorologists. 10. Inaccurate wea ther forecasts can save thousands of lives and millions of dollars in property damage.。