定语从句典型错误例析
定语从句中常见错误例析
定语从句中常见错误例析在使用定语从句过程中,有些学生往往会出现这样或那样的错误.为避免这些错误,现对一些常见错误作以归纳：1 从句中多余宾语[误] The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.[正] The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth.上例中,关系代词that或which在定语从句中作宾语,可省去,因此,从句中宾语it多余.2 从句中缺少主语[误] He is the professor gave us a speech yesterday.[正] He is the professor who gave us a speech yesterday.关系代词who 或that在定语从句中做主语不能省略,否则,句子结构不完整.3 从句中主谓不一致[误]I, who is your friend, will try my best to help you.[正]I, who am your friend, will try my best to help you.定语从句中,关系代词做主语时,应注意主谓一致,也就是说,根据先行词的人称和数来确定从句中谓语动词的形式.如：-I just spoke to the doctor who is an eye specialist.He was the only one of youngest girls who plays in the band.4搭配错误[误]Don’t talk about such thin gs that you do not understand.[正]Don’t talk about such things as you do not understand.在such…as结构中,as所引导的中定语从句时,不能用其它关系代词代替,但在the same…as结构中,如属同类则用as,如: 如Y ou’ve made the same mistake as I did ,not changed ,not another or others作之意时,则需用that，如Y ou’ve made t he same mistake that you made last time。
例析定语从句的易错点
例析定语从句的易错点析：在“oneof复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句的先行词是复数名词，故谓语动词要用复数形式；在“theoneof 复数名词+定语从句”结构中，先行词是one，故谓语动词要用单数形式。
四、误省略了定语从句中做主语的关系代词关系词在定语从句中充当宾语，一般可以省略，做主语等其他成分一般不省略。
误：Childreneatalotofsugaroftenhavehadteeth.正：Childrenwho/thateatalotofsugaroftenhaveh adteeth.析：应加上关系代词who或that,因为从句缺少主语，且主语不能省略。
五、认不清分隔现象定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，但有些时候是因为特殊需要，把先行词与定语从句分离，增加难度，以此来考查学生对基础知识和语法结构的辨析能力。
常见的分隔情况如下：误：MissYangwastheonlygirlintheofficewhichh adbeeninvitedtotheparty.析：应把关系代词which改成who,因为先行词girl和定语从句被状语intheoffice隔开了。
六、与强调句型及其他句型的混合在实际运用中，要分清到底是定语从句，还是并列句、状语从句、强调句或其它句型，然后再来确定关联词。
例如MrWuhastwosons,andbothofthemarefondo fplayinggolf.MrWuhastwosons,bothofwhomarefondofplayinggolf.析：例1中and连接的是并列句，不能用whom代替them。
例2去掉and，就必须用whom代替them构成定语从句。
Itwaslastnightthattheterriblefirebrokeout.析：这里是“Itwas+被强调部分+that...”构成的强调句型，故连接词不用when。
You’dbettermakeamarkatwhereyouhaveanyques tions.析：此句应去掉at,因为该句为where 引导的地点状语从句。
定语从句常见错误分析(精选)
定语从句常见错误分析英语定语从句是学生学习英语较难掌握的一个语法。
为了帮助学生正确使用定语从句，本文就学生的常见错误进行了归纳和分析。
I.句子结构错误。
1.昨天王老师上了一节非常生动而有趣的课。
误：Yesterday Mr Wang taught the lesson was very lively andinteresting.正：The lesson Mr Wang taught yesterday was very lively andinteresting.分析：错句完全是按照汉语的顺序翻译。
分析一下句子，“课”在句子中作主语，而“昨天王老师教的”是用作“课”的定语，所以应该用定语从句来表达。
2.你上个月从图书馆借的那本书还了吗？误：Have you returned me the book you borrowed it from thelibrary last month?正：Have you returned the book you borrowed from the libraylast month?分析：错句的定语从句中多了宾语it，关系代词which或that在从句中作宾语可以省略，所以不能再用it作borrowed的宾语。
3.我永远也不会忘记我在那儿生活了八年的村庄。
误：I'll never forget the village where I once worked therefor eight years.正：I'll never forget the village where I once worked foreight years.分析：关系副词既引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语，因此不能再用表示地点状语的副词there。
II.介词错误1.你们住的那个房间太小了。
误：The room which you are living is too small.正：The room in which you are living is too small.或 The room which you are livng in is too small.分析：关系代词在定语从句中作接物动词的宾语或介词宾语。
例析定语从句十大易错点
例析定语从句十大易错点例析定语从句十大易错点定语从句是中学英语教学中的一个重要语法项目，也是历届高考的热点所在。
笔者现将定语从句易出错的地方归纳为以下几点，希望对大家有所帮助。
易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用例1. I’ll never forget the days when I spent in New York with you.例2. I’ll never forget the days which I visited New York with you.析：例 1 中的 when 应改为 which 或 that ；例 2 中的 which 应改为when .区分关系代词和关系副词的关键是看它们在定语从句中所充当的成分。
如果定语从句中缺少主语、宾语，就应考虑使用关系代词，如例1 ；若定语从句中缺少状语，就应考虑使用关系副词，如例2 .易错点二：固定句式出差错例 3. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her.例 4. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves.析：例 3 中的 as 应改为 that ；例 4 中的 that 应改为as . so…as 或so…that 为固定句式，前者为 as 引导的定语从句， as 在定语从句中作宾语或主语，如例 4 ；后者为 that 引导的结果状语从句，该从句的成分是完整的，不缺少主语或宾语，如例3 .类似的固定句式还有the same… as （that），such…as ，as…as 等。
易错点三：主谓不一致例 5. Tom is one of the students who likes swimming.例 6. Tom is the only one of the students who like swimming.析：例 5 中的 likes 应改为 like ；例 6 中的 like 应改为 likes .在“ one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”结构中，定语从句的先行词是复数名词，故谓语动词要用复数形式，如例 5 ；在“ the（only） oneof + 复数名词 + 定语从句”结构中，先行词是 one ，而不是复数名词，故谓语动词要用单数形式，如例 6 .易错点四：与强调句型及其他句型的混合例 7. Was it in the shop that you bought the recorder that you lost your pen？例8. You’d better make a mark at where you have any questions.析：例 7 中第一个 that 应改为 where ；例 8 中应去掉 at .例 7 为带有定语从句的强调句， you bought the recorder 为定语从句，其引导词应用 where ，后面第二个 that 才是强调句中的 that ，此句可还原为： You lost your pen in the shop where you bought the recorder .例 8 为 where 引导的地点状语从句。
定语从句典型错误超强纠错
定语从句典型错误超强纠错1. 误：He is the man who computer was stolen last month.正：He is the man whose computer was stolen last month.2. 误：I live in a room which window faces south.正：I live in a room whose window faces south.析：当关系代词在定语从句中作定语时，不管先行词是人还是物，关系代词一般用whose。
3. 误：Is this the book (which) your father bought it for you?正：Is this the book (which) your father bought for you?析：关系代词不仅起连接主句与定语从句的作用，而且还充当从句的某一句子成分。
因此，it在此多余。
4. 误：The fisherman whom I think is poor is in fact very rich.正：The fisherman who I think is poor is in fact very rich.析：关系代词在从句中作主语，因此要用who。
5. 误：Bob is one of my friends who knows Chinese.正：Bob is one of my friends who know Chinese.6. 误：Bob is the only one of my friends who know Chinese.正：Bob is the only one of my friends who knows Chinese.析：在例句5中，先行词是friends，所以从句中的谓语动词要用复数形式；在例句6中，先行词是（thd only）one，所以从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。
定语从句中的十种常见错误
定语从句中的十种常见错误一、省去作主语的关系代词致错误：Thechangeshavehappenedinthepastfewyearsmakethecitylookevenm orebeautiful.正：Thechangesthathavehappenedinthepastfewyearsmakethecitylookeve nmorebeautiful.误：Thosewanttovisittheartexhibitionsignyournames，please.正：Thosewhowanttovisittheartexhibitionsignyournames，please.分析：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省，但作主语时不能省。
二、从句中使用多余的代词或副词致错误：Thecompositionswehandedthemintwoweeksagohaven’tbeenmarkedy et.正：Thecompositionswehandedintwoweeksagohaven’tbeenmarkedyet.分析：从句中省去了作宾语的关系代词that或which，应去掉them。
误：AfterlivinginParisfor60years，hereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewupasachildthere.正：AfterlivinginParisfor60years，hereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewupasachild.分析：关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，使用there属语义重复，应去掉。
三、as/it/which混用致错误：Asisknowntoallthatsmokingdoesgreatharmtohealth.正：Itisknowntoallthatsmokingdoesgreatharmtohealth.或Asisknowntoall，smokingdoesgreatharmtohealth.分析：as引导非限制性定语从句，置于句首时，要用逗号与主句隔开;it 放在句首，作形式主语时，将从句后置，中间不用逗号。
定语从句常见错误分析(精选)
定语从句常见错误分析英语定语从句是学生学习英语较难掌握的一个语法。
为了帮助学生正确使用定语从句，本文就学生的常见错误进行了归纳和分析。
I.句子结构错误。
1.昨天王老师上了一节非常生动而有趣的课。
误：Yesterday Mr Wang taught the lesson was very lively andinteresting.正：The lesson Mr Wang taught yesterday was very lively andinteresting.分析：错句完全是按照汉语的顺序翻译。
分析一下句子，“课”在句子中作主语，而“昨天王老师教的”是用作“课”的定语，所以应该用定语从句来表达。
2.你上个月从图书馆借的那本书还了吗？误：Have you returned me the book you borrowed it from thelibrary last month?正：Have you returned the book you borrowed from the libraylast month?分析：错句的定语从句中多了宾语it，关系代词which或that在从句中作宾语可以省略，所以不能再用it作borrowed的宾语。
3.我永远也不会忘记我在那儿生活了八年的村庄。
误：I'll never forget the village where I once worked therefor eight years.正：I'll never forget the village where I once worked foreight years.分析：关系副词既引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语，因此不能再用表示地点状语的副词there。
II.介词错误1.你们住的那个房间太小了。
误：The room which you are living is too small.正：The room in which you are living is too small.或 The room which you are livng in is too small.分析：关系代词在定语从句中作接物动词的宾语或介词宾语。
定语从句常见错误总结
定语从句常见错误总结定语从句常见错误总结一、在定语从句中加了多余的定语。
如：1.误：Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come.正：Some of the boys I invited didn’t come.译：我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来。
析：应删去them，因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom，who或that。
?2.误：The book that you need it is in the library.正：The book that you need is in the library.译：你需要的书在图书馆里。
析：应删去it，因为从句的'宾语是关系代词that。
二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。
如：1.误：Anyone who break the law will be punished.正：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.译：任何违犯法律的人将被处罚。
析：应改break为breaks，因为who指anyone，是单数。
?2.误：Those who has finished may go home.正：Those who have finished may go home.译：做完了的人现在可以回家。
析：应改has为have，因为who指those，是复数。
?3.误：He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school.正：He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.译：他是我们学校中唯一懂法语的人。
析：应改know为knows，因为one前有the only之类限定词，定语从句在意义上修饰的是the only one，是单数，而不是复数名词the teachers。
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定语从句典型错误例析
1.【误】The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.
【正】The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth.
【析】上句应由关系代词that或which在定语从句中作宾语，已省去。
因此，从句中的宾语it多余。
又如：
【误】Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland,where he was buried there in 1977 【正】Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland,where he was buried in 1977.
2.【误】I,who is a Chinese,will do my best for our country.
【正】I,who am a Chinese,will do my best for our country.
【析】定语从句中谓语动词的形式应依据先行词的人称和数来确定，保持主谓一致。
如：①Mike is one of the students who know the truth.(先行词为students)②Mike is the only one of the students who knows the truth.(先行词为the only one)
3.【误】All what you have done is not necessary.
【误】All which you have done is not necessary.
【正】All that you have done is not necessary.
【析】what不能引导定语从句。
当先行词是不定代词（all,something,anything,nothing,everything 等），或先行词受形容词最高级，序数词或last,very等词修饰时，关系代词常用that而不用which。
如：①This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
②They asked him to tell them everything that he saw in the factory.
4.【误】I don't know the man with who my brother is talking.
【正】I don't know the man with whom my brother is talking.
【析】定语从句中，如介词提前，指人时只用whom，指物时只用which:如：The two things about which Marx was not sure were grammar and some of the idioms.
5.【误】He is the very person for whom I am looking.
【正】He is the very person who（whom）I am looking for.
【析】有些定语从句中的介词不能提前，如提前，从句动词的意义会改变。
take care of,look up,look forward to,ask for,make up等短语动词均属此列。
6.【误】China Daily has plenty of advertisements,that help to cut the costs of making the newspaper. 【正】
China Daily has plenty of advertisements,which help to cut the costs of making the newspaper. 【析】在非限制性定语从句中，指物时用which,不用that.
7.【误】I can't remember the things and persons who I met at that time.
【正】I can't remember the things and persons that I met at that time.
【析】先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句用that引导。
定语从句误用辨析
1. This is the factory where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch for which Li Feng is looking.
3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
4. The house in that we live is very small.
5. Everything which we saw was of great interest.
6. I've read all the books which I borrowed from the library.
7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.
8. My father and Mr Crosset talked of things and persons who they remembered in the school.
9. This is the same bag like I lost yesterday.
10. His dog,that was now very old,became ill and died.
11. This is one of the reasons,why you may like to eat it.
12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
13. The boy,his mother died,studies very hard.
14. I have two sisters,both of them are doctors.
15. We're going to visit the school where your brother works there.
16. The captain's head soon appeared out of the second storey windows,from which he could see not hing but trees.
17. That is the way which they work.
18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.
19. The news which a new English teacher will come makes us excited.
20. As we all know it,he is American.
辨析：
1、将where改为that或which。
定语从句关系代\副词的选择，一看先行词，二看其在从句中的成分。
本句中visit是及物动词，which做其宾语。
2、把for放在looking之后，当which做短语动词（即动词和其介词不能分开）的宾语时，介词不前置。
3、who改为whom，尽管在口语中who、whom都能做宾语，但在介词后只用whom。
4、that应为which。
that不做介宾。
5、which改成that。
当先行词有不定代词something,someone,all等时，由that充当关系代词，不用which。
6、which改为that。
当先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little等修饰时，用that,不用which。
7、which换成that。
当先行词中有形容词的最高级、序数词，the only、the very等时，只用that引导。
8、who改为that。
如果先行词既是人又有物时，则用that引导定语从句。
9、like改为as。
当先行词里有the same,such时，用as引导限制性定语从句。
10、which代that。
that不引导非限制性定语从句。
11、去掉逗号。
why可以引导定语从句，但不能用于非限制性定语从句。
12、wants改为want。
定语从句的谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。
13、his改为whose。
14、them改为whom,由both of whom引导非限制定语，或去掉逗号，both大写。
15、there多余，去掉。
16、from which改为from where。
which只表示地点（place）,where(n)可表示地方，空间（space）。
17、which改为that或in which。
18、在Those后添上who，引导定语从句。
19、which改为that。
本句是同位语从句，that不做成分，只起引导作用。
20、去掉it。
as作know的宾语，以"he is American"为先行词。
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