英文写作中的衔接与连贯
英文写作中的文章衔接技巧
英文写作中的文章衔接技巧在英文写作中，良好的文章衔接是非常重要的。
它能够帮助读者更好地理解和跟随文章的思路，使整篇文章更加连贯。
本文将介绍一些有助于提高文章衔接的技巧。
1. 使用过渡词语（Using transition words）过渡词语是连接句子和段落之间的桥梁，通过引导读者在不同的观点之间进行思维转换。
例如，使用"however"、"on the other hand"、"in addition"等过渡词语可以将不同的论点或观点串联起来，使文章更具连贯性。
2. 重复关键词（Repeating key words）在文章中，合理重复使用关键词可以帮助读者更好地理解和记忆文章中的信息。
当引入一个新的观点或概念时，可以在接下来的句子或段落中多次使用该关键词，以便强调其重要性并建立联系。
3. 使用代词（Using pronouns）代词是指代前一句或前一段的词语，通过使用代词，读者可以将前后句子或段落之间的联系更加清晰地理解。
例如，使用"it"来指代前面提到的某个概念或观点，以避免重复使用相同的词语。
4. 使用同义词和近义词（Using synonyms and near synonyms）在文章中，使用同义词或近义词可以为读者提供更多的词汇选择，使表达更加丰富。
同时，这也有助于避免使用相同的词语过多，增强文章的可读性。
5. 使用引导词（Using guiding words）引导词是用于引导读者思考文章逻辑结构的词语。
通过使用一些引导词，如"firstly"、"secondly"、"finally"等，可以帮助读者更好地理解文章的组织结构，并在阅读过程中更加清晰地跟随思路。
6. 使用概括性句子（Using summary sentences）在文章的关键转折点或段落结束处，使用一个概括性的句子可以帮助读者对前面的内容进行总结和回顾，并为接下来的内容铺垫。
大学英语写作中的衔接与连贯
大学英语写作中的衔接与连贯在大学英语写作中，衔接和连贯是文章构成的重要要素。
本文将指导大家如何根据输入的关键词和内容撰写一篇文章，同时注重段落衔接、主题连贯、过渡句以及总结。
关键词：环保、气候变化、可持续发展、人类责任内容：随着全球气候变化的日益加剧，人类面临着严峻的环保挑战。
可持续发展成为应对这一挑战的关键所在，而人类有责任采取积极措施促进可持续发展。
本文将探讨环保、气候变化、可持续发展以及人类责任这些关键词之间的内在，同时分析如何在写作中实现良好的衔接和连贯。
环保和气候变化是紧密相关的两个概念。
全球变暖、极端气候事件等气候变化现象给环境和人类社会带来了巨大的灾难。
环保意识的提高和环保行动的加强对于应对气候变化具有重要意义。
在这方面，人类有责任采取积极措施来降低碳排放、保护自然生态系统和促进可持续发展。
可持续发展强调在满足当前需求的同时不损害未来世代满足其需求的能力。
在环保领域，可持续发展意味着要采取创新技术和方法，降低能源消耗和碳排放，促进资源的有效利用和循环利用。
可持续发展还要求在经济发展、社会进步和环境保户之间寻求平衡，实现协同发展。
人类有责任促进可持续发展。
我们每个人都是地球村的一员，应该树立环保意识，养成低碳、节约的生活方式和消费习惯。
政府、企业和公众应该共同努力，加强政策制定和执行，推动绿色技术创新，打造可持续发展的社会。
在撰写一篇关于环保、气候变化、可持续发展和人类责任的文章时，可以通过以下方式实现良好的衔接和连贯：引言：可以使用一段引人入胜的事实或例子来引出文章的主题，如气候变化对地球环境造成的破坏性影响，同时提出可持续发展是应对这一挑战的关键。
段落衔接：在段落之间可以使用转折、对比等手法进行衔接。
比如在阐述环保和气候变化的关系时，可以使用“此外”等连接词引出下一个段落的主题。
主题连贯：在文章中要保持主题的一致性，即始终围绕环保、气候变化、可持续发展和人类责任这些关键词展开论述。
浅析中学生英语作文中的衔接与连贯
浅析中学生英语作文中的衔接与连贯全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Analyzing the Cohesion and Coherence in English Writing of Middle School StudentsIntroductionEnglish writing is an important skill for middle school students to master. One key aspect of writing is the ability to maintain cohesion and coherence throughout the composition. Cohesion refers to the way in which elements in a text are connected through grammar and vocabulary, while coherence refers to the overall clarity and organization of ideas. In this essay, we will discuss the importance of cohesion and coherence in middle school students' English writing and provide some tips for improving these aspects.Importance of Cohesion and CoherenceCohesion and coherence are essential for effective communication in writing. Without proper cohesion, the text can be difficult to read and understand, as there may be abrupt transitions between ideas and topics. On the other hand, withoutcoherence, the text may lack a clear structure and flow, leading to confusion and disorganization. For middle school students, mastering cohesion and coherence will not only improve the quality of their writing but also enhance their overall communication skills.Tips for Improving Cohesion and Coherence1. Use transition words: Transition words and phrases such as "however," "in addition," and "therefore" can help link ideas and create a smooth flow between paragraphs. Encourage students to use these words to connect their thoughts and make their writing more coherent.2. Maintain consistency: Ensure that pronouns, verb tenses, and other grammatical elements are consistent throughout the text. Inconsistencies can disrupt the coherence of the writing and confuse the reader.3. Organize ideas logically: Teach students to organize their ideas in a clear and logical manner. This can be achieved by using outlines or brainstorming before writing to plan the structure of the composition.4. Provide transitions between paragraphs: In addition to using transition words, students should also provide cleartransitions between paragraphs to guide the reader through the text. This can be done through using topic sentences or summarizing the main idea of the previous paragraph.5. Edit and revise: Encourage students to revise their writing for cohesion and coherence. This includes checking for any inconsistencies, awkward transitions, or unclear ideas, and making necessary revisions to improve the overall flow of the text.ConclusionIn conclusion, cohesion and coherence play a crucial role in middle school students' English writing. By mastering these aspects, students can effectively communicate their ideas and present their arguments in a clear and organized manner. Educators should provide guidance and support to help students improve their cohesion and coherence in writing, as these skills are essential for academic success and effective communication in the future. With practice and feedback, middle school students can develop their English writing skills and become more confident and proficient writers.篇2A Brief Analysis of Cohesion and Coherence in English Compositions of Middle School StudentsIntroductionWriting is an essential skill for language learners, and it is particularly important for middle school students to develop their abilities in English composition. One key aspect of writing is cohesion and coherence, which refers to how well ideas are connected and organized within a composition. In this article, we will discuss the importance of cohesion and coherence in English compositions of middle school students and provide some strategies to improve these aspects of writing.Importance of Cohesion and CoherenceCohesion and coherence are crucial for effective writing as they help readers navigate through the text and understand the writer's ideas. In middle school English compositions, students are expected to demonstrate logical progression of ideas and maintain a clear and cohesive structure throughout their writing. Without proper cohesion and coherence, the reader may become confused or lose interest in the text.Strategies for Improving Cohesion and Coherence1. Use linking words: Linking words such as "however," "therefore," "in addition," and "furthermore" can help connect ideas and show the relationship between different parts of the composition.2. Maintain consistency: Ensure that verb tenses, pronouns, and other elements are consistent throughout the composition to avoid confusion and maintain coherence.3. Use transition words: Transition words such as "first," "next," "finally," and "in conclusion" can help signal the progression of ideas and create a smooth flow in the composition.4. Organize ideas logically: Plan the structure of the composition carefully, with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. Each paragraph should focus on a single main idea and flow logically into the next.5. Revise and edit: After writing the composition, review it carefully to ensure that there are no abrupt shifts or inconsistencies in ideas. Make any necessary revisions to improve cohesion and coherence.ConclusionIn conclusion, cohesion and coherence are essential elements of effective writing, especially for middle school students learning English composition. By using linking words, maintaining consistency, using transition words, organizing ideas logically, and revising and editing their work, students can improve the cohesion and coherence of their compositions. Developing these skills will not only help students become better writers but also enhance their overall communication abilities in English.篇3Title: An Analysis of Coherence and Cohesion in English Composition of Middle School StudentsIntroductionEnglish composition is an essential part of English language learning for middle school students. It is not only a way for students to express their thoughts and ideas but also a tool for them to improve their writing skills. One crucial aspect of writing is the coherence and cohesion of the text. In this article, we will analyze the significance of coherence and cohesion in middle school students' English compositions and provide some tips for improving these aspects in writing.Importance of Coherence and CohesionCoherence refers to the logical flow of ideas in a piece of writing, while cohesion refers to the connections between sentences and paragraphs that make the text smooth and easy to read. Both coherence and cohesion are essential for creating a well-structured and organized composition that is easy for readers to follow.In English composition, coherence helps students present their ideas in a clear and organized manner. Without coherence, the text may be confusing and difficult to understand. Cohesion, on the other hand, helps students connect their ideas smoothly and create a seamless flow of information. Good cohesion ensures that readers can easily follow the progression of thoughts and ideas in the text.Tips for Improving Coherence and Cohesion1. Plan your ideas before writing: Before starting to write, it is essential to plan out the main ideas and supporting details of your composition. This will help you organize your thoughts and create a coherent structure for your writing.2. Use transition words: Transition words and phrases such as "however," "in addition," "on the other hand," "furthermore,"etc., help to link ideas and create smooth transitions between sentences and paragraphs. Using these words can improve the cohesion of your text.3. Check the logical flow of ideas: Make sure that the sequence of ideas in your composition makes sense and follows a logical order. Each paragraph should flow smoothly into the next, and each sentence should be connected to the one before it.4. Use pronouns and referencing: Instead of repeating the same noun multiple times, use pronouns and referencing to connect sentences and paragraphs. This will help maintain coherence and avoid redundancy in your writing.5. Revise and edit: Once you have finished writing, revise your composition to check for coherence and cohesion. Make sure that your ideas are well-organized and connected, and edit any sentences or words that may disrupt the flow of the text.ConclusionCoherence and cohesion are essential elements of awell-written English composition. Middle school students should pay attention to these aspects when writing and strive to improve their coherence and cohesion skills. By following thetips mentioned above and practicing regularly, students can enhance the quality of their English compositions and become more proficient writers.。
英语学术论文实用写作 第十三章 衔接与连贯
5. as，as... as，not so... as，than连接比较状语从句； 6. so( such)... that连接结果状语从句； 7. as，because，since，连接原因状语从句； 8. as连接方式状语从句等。
从形态学角度出发，可以把连接词分为简单连接词、分词连 接词、复合连接词和短语连接词。
简单连接词同复合连接词相对，在一般情况下以单个方式出
现在话语中，而且不可进一步切分。简单连接词既包含并列连接 词，又包含从属连接词。常见的简单连接词有and，for，but，yet， or，so，as，if，hence，until，after，since，lest，than，that， while，though，only，although 等。
分词连接词是由个别动词的现在分词或过去分词形式发展而 来的，通常与 that 组配，共同引导状语从句，如provided (that)， providing (that)，supposing (that)，seeing (that)，considering (that)等。
复合连接词指由两个或以上的词组合而成的连接词。随着时 间的推移，已经发展成一个词，其中大多数属于并列连接词，如 however，therefore，whereas，nevertheless，insomuch 等。
与衔接不同，连贯的定义并不统一(Van Dijk，1977)。 Reinhart(1980)，Connor(1984)和McCarthy(1991)等认为连贯并非语
篇本身的特征，而是依靠读者运用自身的知识和推理能力推导出语 篇中缺失的环节(missing links)或桥接(bridging)意义的断层(gap)得 以实现；Neubauer(1983)称连贯是指篇章具有整体性，语义明确、 条理清晰，不是一堆杂乱句子的集合，Johns(1986)则认为语篇的连 贯存在于两个层面，即读者层面(reader-based)和文章层面(textbased)，前者与作者和读者或说者和听者之间信息交换成功与否有关，
英语四级写作注意句子衔接与连贯
英语四级写作注意句子衔接与连贯英语四级写作注意句子衔接与连贯衔接是实现语句、语篇连贯的重要手段。
语句或篇章如果缺乏必要的衔接，彼此之间就没有内在的有机联系和符合逻辑的发展关系，行文也会杂乱无序，脉络不清。
连贯则是将语言内容有机地结合起来，使之符合逻辑，从而达到语言的规范性和准确性。
衔接与连贯是语句、语篇的重要组成部分。
下面是小编为您收集整理的英语四级写作注意句子衔接与连贯，供大家参考!英语四级写作注意句子衔接与连贯衔接(cohesion)可分为语法衔接和词汇衔接，语法衔接通过语法手段得以实现，包括照应(reference)、替代(substitution)、省略(ellipsis);而词汇衔接则通过重复(repetition)、同义词(synonym)、反义词(antonym)、上下义关系(hyponymy)等复现(reiteration)手段的使用来完成.连贯(coherence)是指句子内部、句子和句子之间、段落内部、段落与段落之间是否有连接成分或衔接词来说明彼此间的逻辑关系。
行文中如果缺乏必要的连接成分，仅仅用标点符号连接的写作手法在汉语中尚属可行。
可在英语中，这种仅用标点符号的连接方式会使所表达的内容含义模糊。
如“我很累，一步也走不动了”一句，如果在英文中写成下面两种形式都是错误的:1)"I was very tired, couldn’t move a step"; 2)“I was so tired that couldn't move astep.”第一句应该改成I was very tired and couldn't move a step;第二句则应该在that后面重复主语"I"，才能使句子意思清晰明确。
但在汉语中却是可行的，这就是英语与汉语之间的差别，学习写作时应引起足够重视。
英语四六级写作要做到词汇街接词汇衔接出现频率高，使用更为频繁，在语篇连贯中起主导作用.英语词汇衔接主要指词汇复现。
浅析中学生英语作文中的衔接与连贯
浅析中学生英语作文中的衔接与连贯English: In middle school English writing, coherence and cohesion are essential for ensuring that the essay flows smoothly and is easy for the reader to follow. One way to achieve this is by using cohesive devices such as transition words, pronouns, and repetition of key words. Transition words like "however," "therefore," and "in addition" help link ideas and show the logical progression of thoughts. Pronouns such as "it," "they," and "these" help avoid repetition and create a more natural flow. Repetition of key words can also help reinforce the main points of the essay and connect different parts of the text. Additionally, maintaining a clear structure with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion can aid in creating a unified and coherent piece of writing. Overall, paying attention to both the content and the organizational aspects of the essay can greatly improve the coherence and cohesion of middle school students' English writing.中文翻译: 在中学英语写作中，连贯性和衔接性对于确保文章流畅，易于读者理解至关重要。
英语中的语篇衔接与连贯语篇衔接连贯与翻译
英语中的语篇衔接与连贯语篇衔接连贯与翻译衔接是语篇的一个重要特征。
语篇是自然语言语义上的一个统一体，是任何不完全受句子语法约束的，在一定语境下表示完整语义的自然语言。
衔接是络，体现语篇表层的语言结构关系，表现句子之间在语言形式上的粘连性，是语篇的谋篇机制。
韩礼德等认为：衔接是一个语义概念，指语篇语言成分之间的语义联系，当语篇中的某一部分的理解依赖于另一部分时，这两部分就产生了衔接关系。
因此衔接是跨越句子界限的，其作用是把上下文联系起来，帮助实现语篇的连贯。
一般地，衔接手段有五类：照应、省略、替代、连接和词汇衔接。
前四类为语法衔接手段，后一种是词汇衔接方式，各衔接手段将语义上相互依赖的语篇组成成分连为一体。
英汉两种语言属于不同的语言体系，衔接手段的使用也不尽相同，进而对翻译产生一定影响，翻译过程中应做适当调整。
二、英汉衔接手段的对比研究译者不同于一般读者，他承担着对原作进行传达的任务和义务。
不同语言的衔接手段各有不同，对原文衔接手段的认识，并不必然导致译文衔接手段的得体，因此译者对原语和目的语的衔接手段都要有深入的了解。
从语句衔接方式来说，英语多用“形合法”，即在句法形式上使用连接词语将句子(分句)衔接起来，而汉语多用“意合法”，即靠意义上的衔接而不要一定依赖连接词语。
因而，英语多连接词语，而且这些连接词的出现频率也非常高。
汉语中虽然也有一些连接词，但在表达中，人们常常表现出一种少用或不用连接词的趋势。
在语法上，英语语法是显性的，而汉语的语法则属隐性。
汉语在表达上富有弹性，许多逻辑关系靠意义来表达，语法处于次要地位。
汉语的省略只求达意，不考虑语法甚至不考虑逻辑汉语最常用的省略是主语的省略，谓语的省略较少。
英语中的省略多数伴随着形态或形式上的标记，可以从形式上看得出来。
汉语替代的频率低于英语，汉语往往用原词复现的方式来达到语篇的衔接。
英语的照应多用人称代词，指示代词，而汉语常用零式指代和名词的重复。
英语书面表达的衔接与连贯
二. 补充句子
根据中文意思，将下列英文句子补充完整。
1.你给了我许多帮助，也给了我许多鼓舞。 总之，没有你我不能成功。
You gave me much help and encouragement. ___In__a_ __w_o_r,dI couldn’t have succeeded without you.
_I_n_ ___th_e__ __e_n_d_ he was for it.
10.你必须购买一些生活必需品。 你必须了解一些关于 这个国家的信息。总之， 你必须为这次旅行做好准备。
You should buy some living necessities. You should learn something about this country. ___
and it is easy for a fat person to suffer from many kinds of diseases. At the same time. A
fat person gets tired easily, which decreases his study efficency.
如：To my joy, my son passed the exam with a very high mark. 令我高兴的是，我 儿子以高分通过了这次考试。
To my surprise, he dared to get angry with his teacher. 令我惊讶的是， 他竟敢生老师 的气。
如：This problem is very difficult; however， it is very important.这个问题 很难，然而很重要。
There was no news; nevertheless, she went on hoping. 尽管毫无音讯，她还盼望 者。
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英文写作中的衔接与连贯
摘要在英语教学中，写作是一个难点。
而我们老师根据传统的方法往往把重点集中在作者所写的词汇、语法方面,而对语篇方面衔接和连贯的问题注意不够。
文章从语篇衔接、连贯理论出发, 就英语写作中如何使用衔接手段以取得文章连贯作一些探讨，分析其对英语写作的一些启示,目的是培养写作的衔接与连贯意识,提高写作水平。
关键词英语写作，衔接，连贯
一、引言
在传统的英语写作中，我们往往把重点集中在作者所写的词汇、语法方面,而对语篇方面的问题注意不够。
那什么是语篇呢？语篇是指任何不完全受句子语法约束的在一定语境下表示完整语义的自然语言（胡壮麟，1994）。
句子的衔接和连贯这两大语篇特征是相辅相成的，保证句子的衔接和连贯在英语写作中起着重要的作用。
简单地说，也就是写作意思要完整、主次要分明、前后要连贯。
从语义上看，句子各部分应该是紧密联系在一起，表达一个完整的意思；从语法角度来看，正确的句子应该是结构严谨、关系一致、语序正确；从修辞角度来看，好的句子应该是中心突出、逻辑性强、准确简练。
二、衔接
衔接是一个语义概念，它是语篇内部两个不受句法结构制约的成分在意义上相互关联(Halliday，Hasan，2001)。
英语的衔接手段主要分为三大类：过渡词衔接、词汇衔接和语法衔接。
（章振邦，2000）
1.过渡词衔接
过渡词是使上下文的连接自然、紧凑的有效方法，同时也是英语写作中应注意的一个关键问题。
本德（Bander）曾在《美国英语修辞》（American English Rhetoric）一书中高度概括了写作中使用过渡连接词的重要性，认为“有两个技巧比学任何其它的更能增强英语写作技能：其一是使用过渡连接词；其二是使用从属关系”（1978：203）。
过渡词分为11类：举例、比较、对照、让步、原因、结果、强调、递进、结论、时间和空间。
如：
I am ill, so I can not go to school. (我病了，所以我没去上学。
“so”是表示因果关系的衔接词。
)
2.词汇的衔接
语篇写作中的词汇选择关系有多种方式。
我们把词汇衔接方式分为重复、泛指词、相似性、可分类性和搭配五大类。
如：
Some of the animals are dead，but most of them are alive．（词汇的相似性。
这句子若把“alive”改为“not dead”，重复使用“dead”会使句子显得呆板。
现在以其“反义”出现，就会使文章的语言显得生动并富有变化。
）
3.语法衔接
为了使语段或语篇的各个构成部分之间语义衔接得当，我们常用照应、替代和省略这三种语法手段来达到衔接的作用。
如：When my parents asked me why I had failed in the examination，I said I didn’t know （why I had failed）．
这个句子采用了省略的语法手段。
前一个句子为后一个句子的理解提供省略
掉的信息，使两句之间形成衔接。
在英语写作中，正确使用省略可以避免不必要的重复，使文章简洁，要点突出。
三、连贯
连贯有两层含义。
一是指文章在内容上是连贯、统一的，文章中所有的句子都是为全文的中心服务的。
就各段而言，其中的每一句话都要紧紧围绕着该段的主题句进行，不能说与主题句无关的东西。
第二层含义指的是表达上的连贯。
文章的段落之间、段落中各句子之间要有一定的衔接。
四、衔接与连贯在写作中的作用
如果说连贯是一种无形的网络,它存在于语篇的底层,并通过逻辑推理达到语篇中语义的连接;那么衔接则是一种有形的网络,它体现在语篇的表层结构上,并通过一定的语法手段和词汇手段,将众多的句子连接成一个整体,实现结构上和语义上的衔接。
所以说，在英文写作中，我们要恰当使用衔接手段，使得文章结构合理，前后连贯而浑然一体。
现举例如下：
(1) The plane landed at last. We could breathe freely again．
这两个句子缺乏连贯性，应在两个句子之间添上起衔接作用的副词性指示词“Now”，它的语义是“处于这样的状况”。
(2) The pens made in China write as well as that made in Japan．
这句子在语法衔接方面出了问题。
“pens”是复数，与之后的“that”单数不衔接。
应把“that”应改为“those”。
(3) I had failed several times，and I persisted in my plan all the same．
这两个句子之间表示的是转折关系，用“and”来衔接不对。
所以应将“and”改为“but”，使句子之间前后紧凑、衔接。
五、结论
因此，在英文写作中，除了要注意措辞方面外，我们应仔细推敲句子与句子，段与段之间的衔接问题，恰当地使用衔接手段以保持文章的连贯性。
参考文献：
[1]Bander, R.G., 1978，American English Rhetoric[M]. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
[2]Halliday, M.A.K. ＆Hasan, R., 2001, Cohesion in English [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
[3]胡壮麟.语篇的衔接和连贯[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社,1994.
[4]章振邦.新编英语语法教程[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社,2000.。